| 457 matches found in 226 documents. Search time: 0.52 seconds. |
|---|
|
Score: 14.00 |
|---|
| Title: Detection of QTLs with additive effects and additive-by-environment interaction effects on panicle number in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) with single-segment substitution lines .
| | Author: Liu G Zhang Z Zhu H Zhao F Ding X Zeng R Li W Zhang G | | Journal: Theor Appl Genet Citation: V : 116 P : 923-31 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18274724 Accession (PMID): 18274724 | | Abstract: A novel population consisting of 35 single-segment substitution lines ( SSSLs ) originating from crosses between the recipient parent , Hua-jing-xian 74 ( HJX74 ) , and 17 donor parents was evaluated in six cropping season environments to reveal the genetic basis of genetic main effect ( G ) and genotype-by-environment interaction effect ( GE ) for panicle number ( PN ) in rice .
Subsets of lines were grown in up to six environments .
An indirect analysis method was applied , in which the total genetic effect was first partitioned into G and GE by using the mixed linear-model approach , and then QTL ( quantitative trait locus ) analyses on these effects were conducted separately .
At least 18 QTLs for PN in rice were detected and identified on 9 of 12 rice chromosomes .
A single QTL effect ( a + ae ) ranging from -1 . 5 to 1 . 2 was divided into two components , additive effect ( a ) and additive x environment interaction effect ( ae ) .
A total number of 9 and 16 QTLs were identified with a ranging from -0 . 4 to 0 . 6 and ae ranging from -1 . 0 to 0 . 6 , respectively , the former being stable but the latter unstable across environments .
Three types of QTLs were suggested according to their effects expressed .
Two QTLs ( Pn-1b and Pn-6d ) expressed stably across environments due to the association with only a , nine QTLs ( Pn-1a , Pn-3c , Pn-3d , Pn-4 , Pn-6a , Pn-6b , Pn-8 , Pn-9 and Pn-12 ) with only ae were unstable , and the remaining seven of QTLs were identified with both a and ae , which also were unstable across environments .
This is the first report on the detection of QE ( QTL-by-environment interaction effect ) of QTLs with SSSLs .
Our results illustrate the efficiency of characterizing QTLs and analyzing action of QTLs through SSSLs , and further demonstrate that QE is an important property of many QTLs .
Information provided in this paper could be used in the application of marker-assisted selection to manipulate PN in rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 11.00 ]: Two QTLs ( Pn-1b and Pn-6d ) expressed stably across environments due to the association with only a , nine QTLs ( Pn-1a , Pn-3c , Pn-3d , Pn-4 , Pn-6a , Pn-6b , Pn-8 , Pn-9 and Pn-12 ) with only ae were unstable , and the remaining seven of QTLs were identified with both a and ae , which also were unstable across environments .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: A novel population consisting of 35 single-segment substitution lines ( SSSLs ) originating from crosses between the recipient parent , Hua-jing-xian 74 ( HJX74 ) , and 17 donor parents was evaluated in six cropping season environments to reveal the genetic basis of genetic main effect ( G ) and genotype-by-environment interaction effect ( GE ) for panicle number ( PN ) in rice .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: At least 18 QTLs for PN in rice were detected and identified on 9 of 12 rice chromosomes .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Information provided in this paper could be used in the application of marker-assisted selection to manipulate PN in rice .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 11.00 |
|---|
| Title: Purification and characterization of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase from rice seeds .
| | Author: Jin YL Jo YY Kim KY Shim JH Kim YW Park RD .
| | Journal: J Biochem . Mol . Biol . Citation: V : 35 ( 3 ) P : 313-9 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12297015 Accession (PMID): 12297015 | | Abstract: N-Acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidase ( beta-HexNAcase ) ( EC 3 . 2 . 1 . 52 ) was purified from rice seeds ( Oryza sativa L var .
Dongjin ) using ammonium sulfate ( 80% ) precipitation , Sephadex G-150 , CM-Sephadex , and DEAE-Sephadex chromatography , sequentially .
The activities were separated into 7 fractions ( Fsub1 ; - F7sub7 ) by CM-Sephadex chromatography .
Among them , F6 was further purified to homogeneity with a 13 . 0% yield and 123 . 3 purification-fold .
The molecular mass was estimated to be about 52 kDa on SDS-PAGE and 37 . 4 kDa on Sephacryl S 300 gel filtration .
The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of both p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide ( pNP-GlcNAc ) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide ( pNPGalNAc ) as substrates , which are typical properties of beta-HexNAcase .
The ratio of the pNP-GlcNAcase activity to the pNP-GalNAcase activity was 4 . 0 .
However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside .
The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively .
The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site .
The purified enzyme exhibited optimum pH and temperature for pNPGlcNAc of 5 . 0 and 50 degrees C , respectively .
The enzyme activity for pNP-GlcNAc was stable at pH 5 . 0-5 . 5 and 20-40 degrees C The enzyme activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of 0 . 1 mM HgCl ( 2 ) and AgNO ( 3 ) , suggesting that the intact thiol group is essential for activity .
Chloramine T completely inhibited the activity , indicating the possible involvement of methionines in the mechanism of the enzyme . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of both p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide ( pNP-GlcNAc ) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide ( pNPGalNAc ) as substrates , which are typical properties of beta-HexNAcase .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: The ratio of the pNP-GlcNAcase activity to the pNP-GalNAcase activity was 4 . 0 .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 2.00 ]: The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: The purified enzyme exhibited optimum pH and temperature for pNPGlcNAc of 5 . 0 and 50 degrees C , respectively .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: The enzyme activity for pNP-GlcNAc was stable at pH 5 . 0-5 . 5 and 20-40 degrees C The enzyme activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of 0 . 1 mM HgCl ( 2 ) and AgNO ( 3 ) , suggesting that the intact thiol group is essential for activity .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 9.00 |
|---|
| Title: A circadian rhythm set by dusk determines the expression of FT homologs and the short-day photoperiodic flowering response in Pharbitis .
| | Author: Hayama R Agashe B Luley E King R Coupland G | | Journal: Plant Cell Citation: V : 19 P : 2988-3000 Year: 2007 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17965272 Accession (PMID): 17965272 | | Abstract: Seasonal control of flowering through responsiveness to daylength shows extreme variation .
Different species flower in response to long days or short days ( SDs ) , and this difference evolved several times .
The molecular mechanisms conferring these responses have been compared in detail only in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice ( Oryza sativa ) and suggest that a conserved pathway confers daylength responses through regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) transcription by CONSTANS ( CO ) .
We studied Pharbitis ( Ipomoea nil ; formerly , Pharbitis nil ) , a widely used SD model species and a member of the Convolvulaceae , and showed using transgenic plants together with detailed expression analysis that two putative orthologs of FT ( Pn FT1 and Pn FT2 ) promote flowering specifically under SDs .
These genes are expressed only under SDs , and light flashes given during the night reduce their expression and prevent flowering .
We demonstrate that in Pharbitis a circadian rhythm set by the light-to-dark transition at dusk regulates Pn FT expression , which rises only when the night is longer than 11 h .
Furthermore , Pharbitis accessions that differ in their critical night-length responses express Pn FT at different times after dusk , demonstrating that natural genetic variation influencing the clock regulating Pn FT expression alters the flowering response .
In these assays , Pn FT mRNA abundance was not related to Pn CO expression , suggesting that Pn FT may be regulated by a different transcription factor in Pharbitis .
We conclude that SD response in Pharbitis is controlled by a dedicated light sensitive clock , set by dusk , that activates Pn FT transcription in darkness , a different mechanism for measuring daylength than described for Arabidopsis and rice .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 3.00 ]: In these assays , Pn FT mRNA abundance was not related to Pn CO expression , suggesting that Pn FT may be regulated by a different transcription factor in Pharbitis .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: We studied Pharbitis ( Ipomoea nil ; formerly , Pharbitis nil ) , a widely used SD model species and a member of the Convolvulaceae , and showed using transgenic plants together with detailed expression analysis that two putative orthologs of FT ( Pn FT1 and Pn FT2 ) promote flowering specifically under SDs .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: Furthermore , Pharbitis accessions that differ in their critical night-length responses express Pn FT at different times after dusk , demonstrating that natural genetic variation influencing the clock regulating Pn FT expression alters the flowering response .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: We demonstrate that in Pharbitis a circadian rhythm set by the light-to-dark transition at dusk regulates Pn FT expression , which rises only when the night is longer than 11 h .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: We conclude that SD response in Pharbitis is controlled by a dedicated light sensitive clock , set by dusk , that activates Pn FT transcription in darkness , a different mechanism for measuring daylength than described for Arabidopsis and rice .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 8.00 |
|---|
| Title: [ Analysis of additive and AE interaction effects of QTLs controlling plant height , heading date and panicle number in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) ] | | Author: Yuan AP Cao LY Zhuang JY Li RZ Zheng KL Zhu J Cheng SH .
| | Journal: Yi Chuan Xue Bao Citation: V : 30 ( 10 ) P : 899-906 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub14669505 Accession (PMID): 14669505 | | Abstract: Plant height ( PH ) , heading date ( HD ) and productive panicle number ( PN ) are important agronomic trait in rice .
Appropriate plant height , heading date and panicle number are prerequisites for the desired high and stable yield level in rice breeding programs .
A recombinant inbred line ( RIL ) population consisting of 304 individuals was derived from a cross between indica varieties Zhong156 and Gumei2 , from which a linkage map consisting of 168 RFLP , SSLP , RAPD and RGA markers that distribute on all the 12 rice chromosomes was constructed , and covers 1447 . 9 cM of the rice genome .
The parents and 304 F9 lines were grown in the paddy field in China National Rice Research Institute ( CNRRI ) , Hangzhou , China in 2001 .
The experiments were carried out in two seasons followed a randomized complete block design .
QTLMapper 1 . 01 was applied to detect QTLs and QTL x environment ( QE ) interaction for HD ( heading data ) , PH ( plant height ) and PN ( panicle number ) , and conditional mapping for PH and PN was performed as well .
A total of 15 QTLs with significant additive effects were detected , among which 4 QTLs had significant QE interaction .
Ten QTLs with additive x additive epistatic effects for PH , HD and PN were detected , among which none showed significant epistatisis x environment interaction .
These QTLs explained 12 . 12% , 1 . 38% and 5 . 00% of the total phenotypic variance for PH , HD and PN , respectively , and contributions were generally lower due to the strong epistatic effects .
In conditional QTL analysis , the numbers of QTLs showing significant additive and epistatic effects were 7 and 6 for PH , and 3 and 3 for PN , respectively .
Among the QTLs having significant additive effects for PH , qPH7-2 showed both additive effects and QE interaction , qPH7-1 and qPH10 showed QE interaction only , and the remaining 4 QTLs showed additive effects only .
Each of the 3 QTLs having significant additive effects for PN did not display significant QE interaction .
No epistatic QE interactions was detected .
In addition , conditional QTL analysis indicated that the expression of QTLs for PH and PN may vary depending on the QTLs for HD . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: QTLMapper 1 . 01 was applied to detect QTLs and QTL x environment ( QE ) interaction for HD ( heading data ) , PH ( plant height ) and PN ( panicle number ) , and conditional mapping for PH and PN was performed as well .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Plant height ( PH ) , heading date ( HD ) and productive panicle number ( PN ) are important agronomic trait in rice .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Ten QTLs with additive x additive epistatic effects for PH , HD and PN were detected , among which none showed significant epistatisis x environment interaction .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These QTLs explained 12 . 12% , 1 . 38% and 5 . 00% of the total phenotypic variance for PH , HD and PN , respectively , and contributions were generally lower due to the strong epistatic effects .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: In conditional QTL analysis , the numbers of QTLs showing significant additive and epistatic effects were 7 and 6 for PH , and 3 and 3 for PN , respectively .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: Each of the 3 QTLs having significant additive effects for PN did not display significant QE interaction .
[ Sen. 14, subscore: 1.00 ]: In addition , conditional QTL analysis indicated that the expression of QTLs for PH and PN may vary depending on the QTLs for HD .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 8.00 |
|---|
| Title: Nucleic acid binding activity of pns6 encoded by genome segment 6 of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus .
| | Author: Shao CG L HJ Wu JH Gong ZX .
| | Journal: Acta Biochim . Biophys . Sin . ( Shanghai ) Citation: V : 36 ( 7 ) P : 457-66 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15248020 Accession (PMID): 15248020 | | Abstract: The ORF of genome segment 6 ( S6 ) of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus ( RRSV ) Philippines isolate was cloned and sequenced based on the S6 sequence of the Thailand isolate .
Pns6 , the 71 kD product of S6 expressed in E coli , was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of RRSV by Western blotting .
The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity .
Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays .
The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific .
By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain .
Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction .
The possible role of RRSV Pns6 in virus replication and assembly is discussed . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pns6 , the 71 kD product of S6 expressed in E coli , was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of RRSV by Western blotting .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The possible role of RRSV Pns6 in virus replication and assembly is discussed .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 8.00 |
|---|
| Title: Treatment of p-nitrophenol in an adsorbent-supplemented sequencing batch reactor .
| | Author: Loo YM Lim PE Seng CE | | Journal: Environ Technol Citation: V : 31 P : 479-87 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20480823 Accession (PMID): 20480823 | | Abstract: The objective of this research was to evaluate the treatment ofp-nitrophenol ( PNP ) as a sole organic carbon source using a sequencing batch reactor ( SBR ) with the addition of adsorbent .
Two types of adsorbents , namely powdered activated carbon ( PAC ) and pyrolysed rice husk ( PRH ) were used in this study .
Two identical SBRs , each with a working volume of 10 L , were operated with fill , react , settle , draw and idle periods in the ratio of 2 : 8 : 1 : 0 . 75 : 0 . 25 for a cycle time of 12 h .
The results showed that , without the addition of adsorbent , increasing the influent PNP concentration to 200 mg/L resulted in the deterioration of chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) removal efficiency and PNP removal efficiency in the SBRs .
Improvement in the performance of the SBR was observed with the addition of PAC .
When the dosage of 1 . 0 g PAC/cycle was applied , COD removal of 95% and almost complete removal of PNP were achieved at the influent PNP concentration of 300 mg/L The kinetic study showed that the rates of COD and PNP removal can be described by the first-order kinetics .
The enhancement of performance in the PAC-supplemented SBR was postulated to be due to the initial adsorption of PNP by the freshly added and the bioregenerated PAC , thus reducing the inhibition on the microorganisms .
The PRH was found to be ineffective because of its relatively low adsorption capacity for PNP , compared with that of PAC .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 3.00 ]: When the dosage of 1 . 0 g PAC/cycle was applied , COD removal of 95% and almost complete removal of PNP were achieved at the influent PNP concentration of 300 mg/L The kinetic study showed that the rates of COD and PNP removal can be described by the first-order kinetics .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: The results showed that , without the addition of adsorbent , increasing the influent PNP concentration to 200 mg/L resulted in the deterioration of chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) removal efficiency and PNP removal efficiency in the SBRs .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The objective of this research was to evaluate the treatment ofp-nitrophenol ( PNP ) as a sole organic carbon source using a sequencing batch reactor ( SBR ) with the addition of adsorbent .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The enhancement of performance in the PAC-supplemented SBR was postulated to be due to the initial adsorption of PNP by the freshly added and the bioregenerated PAC , thus reducing the inhibition on the microorganisms .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The PRH was found to be ineffective because of its relatively low adsorption capacity for PNP , compared with that of PAC .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 8.00 |
|---|
| Title: Rice ragged stunt virus segment S6-encoded nonstructural protein Pns6 complements cell-to-cell movement of Tobacco mosaic virus-based chimeric virus .
| | Author: Wu Z Wu J Adkins S Xie L Li W | | Journal: Virus Res Citation: V : 152 P : 176-9 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20541571 Accession (PMID): 20541571 | | Abstract: The protein ( s ) that support intercellular movement of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) have not yet been identified .
In this study , the role of three nonstructural proteins Pns6 , Pns7 and Pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient Tobacco mosaic virus ( TMV ) vector .
The results showed that only the Pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient TMV in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc and N benthamiana plants , and both N and C-terminal 50 amino acids of Pns6 were essential for the cell-to-cell movement .
Transient expression in epidermal cells from N benthamiana showed that the Pns6-eGFP fusion protein was present predominantly along the cell wall as well as a few punctate sites perhaps indicating plasmodesmata .
Taken together with previous finding that the Pns6 has nucleic acid-binding activity ( Shao et al , 2004 ) , the possible role of Pns6 in cell-to-cell movement of RRSV were discussed .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 3.00 ]: In this study , the role of three nonstructural proteins Pns6 , Pns7 and Pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient Tobacco mosaic virus ( TMV ) vector .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: The results showed that only the Pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient TMV in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc and N benthamiana plants , and both N and C-terminal 50 amino acids of Pns6 were essential for the cell-to-cell movement .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: Taken together with previous finding that the Pns6 has nucleic acid-binding activity ( Shao et al , 2004 ) , the possible role of Pns6 in cell-to-cell movement of RRSV were discussed .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Transient expression in epidermal cells from N benthamiana showed that the Pns6-eGFP fusion protein was present predominantly along the cell wall as well as a few punctate sites perhaps indicating plasmodesmata .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 8.00 |
|---|
| Title: Viroplasm matrix protein Pns9 from rice gall dwarf virus forms an octameric cylindrical structure .
| | Author: Akita F Miyazaki N Hibino H Shimizu T Higashiura A Uehara-Ichiki T Sasaya T Tsukihara T Nakagawa A Iwasaki K Omura T | | Journal: J Gen Virol Citation: V : 92 P : 2214-21 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21613445 Accession (PMID): 21613445 | | Abstract: The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae .
Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV .
When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter .
Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope .
Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography .
Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available , a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus , NSP2 , forms similar octamers , an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 3.00 ]: Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available , a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus , NSP2 , forms similar octamers , an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| Title: Molecular marker dissection of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plant architecture under temperate and tropical climates .
| | Author: Kobayashi S Fukuta Y Sato T Osaki M Khush GS .
| | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 107 ( 8 ) P : 1350-6 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12920520 Accession (PMID): 12920520 | | Abstract: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants develop vertically with shoot elongation and horizontally with tillering .
The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize genomic regions influencing the rice plant architecture by quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) analysis for the component traits : culm length ( CL ) , panicle length ( PnL ) , panicle number ( PnN ) and tiller number ( TN ) .
For this QTL analysis , 191 recombinant inbred lines ( F ( 7 ) ) derived from a cross of Milyang 23 ( M23 ) and Akihikari ( AK ) were grown in 1995 , 1996 and 1997 ( May-Oct ) in Joetsu , Japan ( temperate climate ) , and in the 2000 dry season ( Jan-Apr ) , the 2000 wet season ( Jun-Oct ) and the 2001 dry season in Los Baos , The Philippines ( tropical climate ) .
Results showed that rice plant architecture was influenced by 19 genomic regions categorized into five groups .
In Group I , two regions ( on chrs .
6 and 11 ) affected shoot elongation ( CL and PnL ) and tillering ( PnN and TN ) in opposite directions more significantly in Los Baos than in Joetsu .
In Group II , two regions ( chrs .
3 and 12 ) affected shoot elongation , whereas in Group III , five regions [ chrs .
1 ( two ) , 2 , 3 and 9 ] affected only culm length ( CL ) .
Expressions of four regions of Group III were influenced by either tropical or temperate environments .
In Group IV , seven regions ( chrs .
1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 and 9 ) controlled panicle development ( PnN or PnL ) , and in Group V , three regions ( chrs .
1 , 2 and 3 ) regulated tillering ( PnN or TN ) .
Characterizing these 19 genomic regions provided a detailed analysis of rice plant architecture with emphasis on the multiple effect and environmental responsive regions . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize genomic regions influencing the rice plant architecture by quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) analysis for the component traits : culm length ( CL ) , panicle length ( PnL ) , panicle number ( PnN ) and tiller number ( TN ) .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: 6 and 11 ) affected shoot elongation ( CL and PnL ) and tillering ( PnN and TN ) in opposite directions more significantly in Los Baos than in Joetsu .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 2.00 ]: 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 and 9 ) controlled panicle development ( PnN or PnL ) , and in Group V , three regions ( chrs .
[ Sen. 13, subscore: 1.00 ]: 1 , 2 and 3 ) regulated tillering ( PnN or TN ) .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| Title: Silencing by RNAi of the gene for Pns12 , a viroplasm matrix protein of Rice dwarf virus , results in strong resistance of transgenic rice plants to the virus .
| | Author: Shimizu T Yoshii M Wei T Hirochika H Omura T | | Journal: Plant Biotechnol J Citation: V : 7 P : 24-32 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18761654 Accession (PMID): 18761654 | | Abstract: The non-structural protein Pns12 of Rice dwarf virus is one of the early proteins expressed in cultured insect cells , and it is one of 12 proteins that initiate the formation of the viroplasm , the putative site of viral replication .
Pns4 is also a non-structural protein , visible as minitubules after nucleation of the viroplasm .
We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants .
The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific to the constructs .
The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection .
By contrast , resistance was less apparent in the case of rice plants with Pns4-specific RNAi constructs , and delayed symptoms appeared in some plants of each line .
Our results suggest that interference with the expression of a protein that is critical for viral replication , such as the viroplasm matrix protein Pns12 , might be a practical and effective way to control viral infection in crop plants .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The non-structural protein Pns12 of Rice dwarf virus is one of the early proteins expressed in cultured insect cells , and it is one of 12 proteins that initiate the formation of the viroplasm , the putative site of viral replication .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pns4 is also a non-structural protein , visible as minitubules after nucleation of the viroplasm .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: By contrast , resistance was less apparent in the case of rice plants with Pns4-specific RNAi constructs , and delayed symptoms appeared in some plants of each line .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results suggest that interference with the expression of a protein that is critical for viral replication , such as the viroplasm matrix protein Pns12 , might be a practical and effective way to control viral infection in crop plants .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| Title: Mortality from infectious pneumonia in metal workers : a comparison with deaths from asthma in occupations exposed to respiratory sensitisers .
| | Author: Palmer KT Cullinan P Rice S Brown T Coggon D | | Journal: Thorax Citation: V : 64 P : 983-6 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19703831 Accession (PMID): 19703831 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : National analyses of mortality in England and Wales have repeatedly shown excess deaths from pneumonia in welders .
During 1979-90 the excess was attributable largely to deaths from lobar pneumonia and pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia , limited to men of working age and apparent in other occupations with exposure to metal fumes .
The findings for 1991-2000 were assessed and compared with the mortality pattern from asthma in occupations exposed to known respiratory sensitisers .
METHODS : The Office of National Statistics supplied data on deaths by underlying cause among men aged 16-74 years in England and Wales during 1991-2000 , including age and last held occupation .
Data were abstracted on pneumonia for occupations with exposure to metal fumes and on asthma for occupations commonly reported to surveillance schemes as at risk of occupational asthma .
The expected numbers of deaths were estimated by applying age-specific proportions of deaths by cause in the population to the total deaths by age in each occupational group .
Observed and expected numbers were compared for each cause of death .
RESULTS : Among men of working age in occupations with exposure to metal fumes there was excess mortality from pneumococcal and lobar pneumonia ( 54 deaths vs 27 . 3 expected ) and from pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia ( 71 vs 52 . 4 ) , but no excess from these causes at older ages or from bronchopneumonia at any age .
The attributable mortality from metal fume exposure was 45 . 3 excess deaths compared with an estimated 62 . 6 deaths from occupational asthma .
CONCLUSION : Exposure to metal fumes is a material cause of occupational mortality .
The hazard deserves far more attention than it presently receives .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 3.00 ]: RESULTS : Among men of working age in occupations with exposure to metal fumes there was excess mortality from pneumococcal and lobar pneumonia ( 54 deaths vs 27 . 3 expected ) and from pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia ( 71 vs 52 . 4 ) , but no excess from these causes at older ages or from bronchopneumonia at any age .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: During 1979-90 the excess was attributable largely to deaths from lobar pneumonia and pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia , limited to men of working age and apparent in other occupations with exposure to metal fumes .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : National analyses of mortality in England and Wales have repeatedly shown excess deaths from pneumonia in welders .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Data were abstracted on pneumonia for occupations with exposure to metal fumes and on asthma for occupations commonly reported to surveillance schemes as at risk of occupational asthma .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| Title: Clinical evidence of efficacy of red yeast rice and berberine in a large controlled study versus diet .
| | Author: Trimarco B Benvenuti C Rozza F Cimmino CS Giudice R Crispo S | | Journal: Med J Nutrition Metab Citation: V : 4 P : 133-139 Year: 2011 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21909461 Accession (PMID): 21909461 | | Abstract: Efficacy of a new patented proprietary combination of natural nutraceuticals ( PN ) containing natural hypolipidemic as red yeast , policosanol and berberine was tested in a large study on dyslipidemic patients in clinical practice .
A parallel , controlled , randomized , multicenter study was designed .
After 2 weeks on a stable dietary regimen , the patients were randomized to PN 1 tablet/day associated with diet ( PN + D ) or diet alone ( D ) for 16 weeks .
Entry criteria were : Tot-Chol >200 mg/dL or LDL-Chol >150 mg/dL without a clear indication for statins , or plasma triglycerides >150 mg/dL .
Lipid pattern and CV parameters were evaluated at baseline and monthly .
1 , 751 patients were enrolled in 248 Italian units , 933 patients on PN + D and 818 on D The baseline lipid values were : Tot-Chol 255 . 4 versus 243 . 1 mg/dL , LDL-Chol 170 . 1 versus 162 . 2 mg/dL , HDL-Chol 50 . 0 versus 48 . 8 mg/dL , and TG 190 . 5 versus 184 . 4 mg/dL .
PN constantly and significantly improved lipid parameters versus D group : at 16 weeks -19 . 1 versus -9 . 4% for Tot-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -23 . 5 versus -10 . 8% for LDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , +11 . 6 versus +4 . 0% for HDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -17 . 9 versus -11 . 3% for TG ( p < 0 . 001 ) .
In conclusions , PN plus diet allows an effective improvement of blood lipids with a significant reduction of global CV risk , suggesting a role for PN in CHD prevention .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: After 2 weeks on a stable dietary regimen , the patients were randomized to PN 1 tablet/day associated with diet ( PN + D ) or diet alone ( D ) for 16 weeks .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: In conclusions , PN plus diet allows an effective improvement of blood lipids with a significant reduction of global CV risk , suggesting a role for PN in CHD prevention .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Efficacy of a new patented proprietary combination of natural nutraceuticals ( PN ) containing natural hypolipidemic as red yeast , policosanol and berberine was tested in a large study on dyslipidemic patients in clinical practice .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: 1 , 751 patients were enrolled in 248 Italian units , 933 patients on PN + D and 818 on D The baseline lipid values were : Tot-Chol 255 . 4 versus 243 . 1 mg/dL , LDL-Chol 170 . 1 versus 162 . 2 mg/dL , HDL-Chol 50 . 0 versus 48 . 8 mg/dL , and TG 190 . 5 versus 184 . 4 mg/dL .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: PN constantly and significantly improved lipid parameters versus D group : at 16 weeks -19 . 1 versus -9 . 4% for Tot-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -23 . 5 versus -10 . 8% for LDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , +11 . 6 versus +4 . 0% for HDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -17 . 9 versus -11 . 3% for TG ( p < 0 . 001 ) .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| Title: Rice BGlu1 glycosynthase and wild type transglycosylation activities distinguished by cyclophellitol inhibition .
| | Author: Pengthaisong S Chen CF Withers SG Kuaprasert B Ketudat Cairns JR | | Journal: Carbohydr Res Citation: V : 352 P : 51-9 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22418094 Accession (PMID): 22418094 | | Abstract: The rice BGlu1 beta-D-glucosidase nucleophile mutant E386G is a glycosynthase that catalyzes the synthesis of cellooligosaccharides from alpha-d-glucopyranosyl fluoride ( GlcF ) donor and p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) cellobioside ( Glc2-pNP ) or cello-oligosaccharide acceptors .
When activity with other donors and acceptors was tested , the initial enzyme preparation cleaved pNP-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( Glc-pNP ) and pNP-beta-D-fucopyranoside ( Fuc-pNP ) to pNP and glucose and fucose , suggesting contamination with wild type BGlu1 beta-glucosidase .
The products from reaction of GlcF and Fuc-pNP included Fuc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , Glc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , and Fuc-beta- ( 1-->4 ) -Glc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , suggesting the presence of both wild type BGlu1 and its glycosynthase .
Inhibition of the BGlu1 beta-glucosidase activity within this preparation by cyclophellitol confirmed that the E386G glycosynthase preparation was contaminated with wild type BGlu1 .
Rice BGlu1 E386G-2 , generated from a new construct designed to minimize back-mutation , showed glycosynthase activity without wild type hydrolytic or transglycosylation activity .
E386G-2 catalyzed transfer of glycosyl residues from GlcF , alpha-L-arabinosyl fluoride , alpha-D-fucosyl fluoride , alpha-D-galactosyl fluoride , alpha-D-mannosyl fluoride , and alpha-D-xylosyl fluoride donors to Glc2-pNP acceptor .
The synthetic products from the reactions of alpha-fucosyl fluoride and alpha-mannosyl fluoride donors were confirmed to result from addition of a beta- ( 1-->4 ) -linked glycosyl residue .
Moreover , the E386G glycosynthase transferred glucose from GlcF donor to glucose , cellobiose , Glc-pNP , Fuc-pNP , pNP-beta-D-galactopyranoside , and pNP-beta-D-xylopyranoside acceptors , but little to pNP-beta-D-mannopyranoside .
Production of longer oligosaccharides occurred most readily on acceptors with an equatorial 4-OH .
Elimination of wild type contamination thereby allowed a clear assessment of BGlu1 E386G glycosynthase catalytic abilities .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 3.00 ]: When activity with other donors and acceptors was tested , the initial enzyme preparation cleaved pNP-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( Glc-pNP ) and pNP-beta-D-fucopyranoside ( Fuc-pNP ) to pNP and glucose and fucose , suggesting contamination with wild type BGlu1 beta-glucosidase .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 3.00 ]: Moreover , the E386G glycosynthase transferred glucose from GlcF donor to glucose , cellobiose , Glc-pNP , Fuc-pNP , pNP-beta-D-galactopyranoside , and pNP-beta-D-xylopyranoside acceptors , but little to pNP-beta-D-mannopyranoside .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice BGlu1 beta-D-glucosidase nucleophile mutant E386G is a glycosynthase that catalyzes the synthesis of cellooligosaccharides from alpha-d-glucopyranosyl fluoride ( GlcF ) donor and p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) cellobioside ( Glc2-pNP ) or cello-oligosaccharide acceptors .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| Title: Rice dwarf phytoreovirus segment S11 encodes a nucleic acid binding protein .
| | Author: Xu H Li Y Mao Z Li Y Wu Z Qu L An C Ming X Schiemann J Casper R Chen Z | | Journal: Virology Citation: V : 240 ( 2 ) P : 267-72 Year: 1998 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9454700 Accession (PMID): 9454700 | | Abstract: The function of rice dwarf virus segment 11 and the corresponding segments of other phytoreoviruses is not yet determined .
The amino acid sequence of Pns11 , encoded by segment 11 , contains a putative zinc finger and five flanking basic regions at the C-terminus .
The full-length Pns11 protein and three truncated derivatives , which lack the N-terminus , the zinc-finger or the C-terminal five basic regions were expressed in Escherichia coli and their nucleic acid binding properties were studied .
Pns11 interacts with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner .
The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 .
However , removal of either of these domains prevents binding activity .
The binding activity of Pns11 was drastically reduced when the blots were treated with a high concentration of EDTA .
Moreover , Pns11 extracted from infected rice also binds to single-stranded RNA .
These data suggest that RDV Pns11 binding activity is structure-dependent and it may play an important role in virus replication and/or genome assortment .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The amino acid sequence of Pns11 , encoded by segment 11 , contains a putative zinc finger and five flanking basic regions at the C-terminus .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The full-length Pns11 protein and three truncated derivatives , which lack the N-terminus , the zinc-finger or the C-terminal five basic regions were expressed in Escherichia coli and their nucleic acid binding properties were studied .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pns11 interacts with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The binding activity of Pns11 was drastically reduced when the blots were treated with a high concentration of EDTA .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Moreover , Pns11 extracted from infected rice also binds to single-stranded RNA .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These data suggest that RDV Pns11 binding activity is structure-dependent and it may play an important role in virus replication and/or genome assortment .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 6.00 |
|---|
| Title: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 cytoplasmic nonstructural protein .
| | Author: Suzuki N Hosokawa D Matsuura Y Kikuchi A Omura T | | Journal: Arch . Virol . Citation: V : 144 ( 7 ) P : 1371-80 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10481743 Accession (PMID): 10481743 | | Abstract: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and intracellular location of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 , which is encoded by one of the twelve dsRNA genome segments , S12 , and comprises 312 amino acids , was investigated .
When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody .
Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 .
Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well .
Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch .
These results demonstrated that RDV Pns12 was a cytoplasmic nonstructural phosphoprotein . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and intracellular location of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 , which is encoded by one of the twelve dsRNA genome segments , S12 , and comprises 312 amino acids , was investigated .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results demonstrated that RDV Pns12 was a cytoplasmic nonstructural phosphoprotein .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 6.00 |
|---|
| Title: Developmentally regulated expression of a peptide : N-glycanase during germination of rice seeds ( Oryza sativa ) and its purification and characterization .
| | Author: Chang T Kuo MC Khoo KH Inoue S Inoue Y | | Journal: J Biol . Chem . Citation: V : 275 ( 1 ) P : 129-34 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10617595 Accession (PMID): 10617595 | | Abstract: Peptide : N-glycanase ( PNGase ; EC 3 . 5 . 1 . 52 ) activity was detected in dormant rice seeds ( Oryza sativa ) and the imbibed rice grains .
Time-course studies revealed that the enzyme activity remained almost constant until about 30 h after imbibition in both of endosperm and embryo it issue-containing areas , and started to increase only in growing germ part , reached a peak at about 3-day stage , followed by a gradual decrease concomitant with a sharp increase in the coleoptile .
The specific activity increased about 6-fold at about 3-day stage .
PNGase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the extracts of germinated rice seeds at 24 h , and the apparent molecular weight of the purified enzyme , estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE ) , was about 80 , 000 .
The purified enzyme was designated PNGase Os to denote its origin .
The N-terminal sequence of the 10 residues was determined to be SYNVASVAGL .
The purified PNGase Os in SDS-PAGE appeared as a rather broad band , consistent with the presence of multiple glycoforms as indicated by chromatographic behavior on a Sephadex G-75 column .
PNGase expressed in coleoptile under anoxia condition was also purified , and both of the purified enzymes were found to exhibit very similar , if not identical , electrophoretic mobility in SDS-PAGE .
PNGase Os exhibited a broad pH-activity profile with an optimum of 4-5 and , interestingly , was significantly inactivated by K ( + ) and Na ( + ) at near the physiological concentration , 100 mM .
These results are discussed in relation to other work . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Peptide : N-glycanase ( PNGase ; EC 3 . 5 . 1 . 52 ) activity was detected in dormant rice seeds ( Oryza sativa ) and the imbibed rice grains .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: PNGase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the extracts of germinated rice seeds at 24 h , and the apparent molecular weight of the purified enzyme , estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE ) , was about 80 , 000 .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The purified enzyme was designated PNGase Os to denote its origin .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The purified PNGase Os in SDS-PAGE appeared as a rather broad band , consistent with the presence of multiple glycoforms as indicated by chromatographic behavior on a Sephadex G-75 column .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: PNGase expressed in coleoptile under anoxia condition was also purified , and both of the purified enzymes were found to exhibit very similar , if not identical , electrophoretic mobility in SDS-PAGE .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: PNGase Os exhibited a broad pH-activity profile with an optimum of 4-5 and , interestingly , was significantly inactivated by K ( + ) and Na ( + ) at near the physiological concentration , 100 mM .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 6.00 |
|---|
| Title: Pns12 protein of Rice dwarf virus is essential for formation of viroplasms and nucleation of viral-assembly complexes .
| | Author: Wei T Shimizu T Hagiwara K Kikuchi A Moriyasu Y Suzuki N Chen H Omura T | | Journal: J Gen . Virol . Citation: V : 87 ( Pt 2 ) P : 429-38 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16432031 Accession (PMID): 16432031 | | Abstract: Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies , known as viroplasms or viral factories , are assumed to be the sites of replication of members of the family Reoviridae .
Immunocytochemical and biochemical analyses were carried out to characterize the poorly understood viroplasms of the phytoreovirus Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) .
Within 6 h of inoculation of cells , viroplasms , namely discrete cytoplasmic inclusions , were formed that contained the non-structural proteins Pns6 , Pns11 and Pns12 of RDV , which appeared to be the constituents of the inclusions .
Formation of similar inclusions in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns12 in a baculovirus system and the association of molecules of Pns12 in vitro suggested that the inclusions observed in RDV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns12 .
Core proteins P1 , P3 , P5 and P7 and core virus particles were identified in the interior region of the inclusions .
In contrast , accumulation of the outer capsid proteins P2 , P8 and P9 and of intact virus particles was evident in the peripheral regions of the inclusions .
These observations suggest that core particles were constructed inside the inclusions , whereas outer capsid proteins were assembled at the periphery of the inclusions .
Viral inclusions were shown to be the sites of viral RNA synthesis by labelling infected cells with 5-bromouridine 5-triphosphate .
The number of viroplasms decreased with time post-inoculation as their sizes increased , suggesting that inclusions might fuse with one another during the virus-propagation process .
Our results are consistent with a model , proposed for vertebrate reoviruses , in which viroplasms play a pivotal role in virus assembly . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 3.00 ]: Within 6 h of inoculation of cells , viroplasms , namely discrete cytoplasmic inclusions , were formed that contained the non-structural proteins Pns6 , Pns11 and Pns12 of RDV , which appeared to be the constituents of the inclusions .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 3.00 ]: Formation of similar inclusions in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns12 in a baculovirus system and the association of molecules of Pns12 in vitro suggested that the inclusions observed in RDV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns12 .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 6.00 |
|---|
| Title: Responses of Rice Cultivars with Different Nitrogen Use Efficiency to Partial Nitrate Nutrition .
| | Author: Duan YH Zhang YL Ye LT Fan XR Xu GH Shen QR .
| | Journal: Citation: V : ( ) P : Year: 2007 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17428833 Accession (PMID): 17428833 | | Abstract: Background and Aims There is increased evidence that partial nitrate ( NO ( 3 ) ( - ) ) nutrition ( PNN ) improves growth of rice ( Oryza sativa ) , although the crop prefers ammonium ( NH ( 4 ) ( + ) ) to NO ( 3 ) ( - ) nutrition .
It is not known whether the response to NO ( 3 ) ( - ) supply is related to nitrogen ( N ) use efficiency ( NUE ) in rice cultivars .
Methods Solution culture experiments were carried out to study the response of two rice cultivars , Nanguang ( High-NUE ) and Elio ( Low-NUE ) , to partial NO ( 3 ) ( - ) supply in terms of dry weight , N accumulation , grain yield , NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake and ammonium transporter expression [ real-time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) ] .
Key Results A ratio of 75/25 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N increased dry weight , N accumulation and grain yield of Nanguang by 30 , 36 and 21 % , respectively , but no effect was found in Elio when compared with those of 100/0 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N Uptake experiments with ( 15 ) N-NH ( 4 ) ( + ) showed that NO ( 3 ) ( - ) increased NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake efficiency in Nanguang by increasing V ( max ) ( 14 % ) , but there was no effect on K ( m ) .
This indicated that partial replacement of NH ( 4 ) ( + ) by NO ( 3 ) ( - ) could increase the number of the ammonium transporters but did not affect the affinity of the transporters for NH ( 4 ) ( + ) .
Real-time PCR showed that expression of OsAMT1s in Nanguang was improved by PNN , while that in Elio did not change , which is in accordance with the differing responses of these two cultivars to PNN .
Conclusions Increased NUE by PNN can be attributed to improved N uptake .
The rice cultivar with a higher NUE has a more positive response to PNN than that with a low NUE , suggesting that there might be a relationship between PNN and NUE .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: Real-time PCR showed that expression of OsAMT1s in Nanguang was improved by PNN , while that in Elio did not change , which is in accordance with the differing responses of these two cultivars to PNN .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: The rice cultivar with a higher NUE has a more positive response to PNN than that with a low NUE , suggesting that there might be a relationship between PNN and NUE .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Background and Aims There is increased evidence that partial nitrate ( NO ( 3 ) ( - ) ) nutrition ( PNN ) improves growth of rice ( Oryza sativa ) , although the crop prefers ammonium ( NH ( 4 ) ( + ) ) to NO ( 3 ) ( - ) nutrition .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Conclusions Increased NUE by PNN can be attributed to improved N uptake .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 6.00 |
|---|
| Title: [ Therapeutic trial for promotion of fecal excretion of PCDFs and PCBs by the administration of cholestyramine in Yusho patients ] | | Author: Iida T Hirakawa H Matsueda T Nakagawa R Takenaka S Morita K Narazaki Y Fukamachi K Tokiwa H Takahashi K | | Journal: Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi Citation: V : 82 ( 5 ) P : 317-25 Year: 1991 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub1916604 Accession (PMID): 1916604 | | Abstract: Any effective therapy for elimination of causal agents remaining in Yusho patients was not found until now .
To know the profile of fecal excretion of polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) , the amounts of PCDFs and PCBs in the stool of six Yusho patients with the typical symptoms were determined .
The stool samples of Yusho patients were collected in 1989 .
PCDFs , ie , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran ( TCDF ) , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-heptachlorodibenzofuran ( HpCDF ) and octachlorodibenzofuran ( OCDF ) were detected in all of the samples .
PCDFs found in the stool samples were mostly PnCDF and HxCDFs .
Of PCDFs detected , PnCDF and HxCDFs contributed to 42 +/- 4 . 7% and 43 +/- 5 . 5% as mean +/- SE , respectively .
The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was 720 +/- 490 pg/day and 790 +/- 620 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively .
On the other hand , the fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in normal controls was 32 +/- 13 pg/day and 47 +/- 5 . 2 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively .
The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was about 23 times and 17 times each higher than that in normal controls .
The fecal excretion of PCBs in Yusho patients and normal controls was 400 +/- 430 ng/day and 150 +/- 39 ng/day , respectively , as mean +/- SE .
In order to promote the excretion of these toxic chemicals in the stool of Yusho patients , the patients were continuously administered with cholestyramine , an anion exchange resin , at a dose of 4 g , 3 times a day , for 6 months . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: PCDFs , ie , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran ( TCDF ) , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-heptachlorodibenzofuran ( HpCDF ) and octachlorodibenzofuran ( OCDF ) were detected in all of the samples .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: PCDFs found in the stool samples were mostly PnCDF and HxCDFs .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Of PCDFs detected , PnCDF and HxCDFs contributed to 42 +/- 4 . 7% and 43 +/- 5 . 5% as mean +/- SE , respectively .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was 720 +/- 490 pg/day and 790 +/- 620 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: On the other hand , the fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in normal controls was 32 +/- 13 pg/day and 47 +/- 5 . 2 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was about 23 times and 17 times each higher than that in normal controls .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 6.00 |
|---|
| Title: Thermo-responsive polymer coated fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction and its application to on-line determination of Co , Ni and Cd by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS ) .
| | Author: Zheng F Hu B | | Journal: Talanta Citation: V : 85 P : 1166-73 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21726754 Accession (PMID): 21726754 | | Abstract: The poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide ) ( PNIPA ) gel is a widely studied thermo-responsive material that exhibits discontinuous change in volume when the external temperature is increased .
In this paper , PNIPA gel was prepared and applied as a novel polymer coating for fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction of trace Co , Ni and Cd followed by on-line ICP-MS detection .
The PNIPA coating was synthesized by using ethylene triethoxysilane ( ETEOS ) as the cross-linking agent under acidic conditions .
This siloxane incorporated PNIPA gel achieves a dramatically rapid response rate when the external temperature is changed .
The micro-structure of PNIPA coating was examined by scanning electron micrograph ( SEM ) .
Various experimental parameters including pH , temperature , sample flow rate and volume , elution solution and interfering ions affecting the extraction of the target analytes have been carefully investigated and optimized .
Under the optimized conditions , the limits of detection were 0 . 45 , 4 . 6 and 6 . 9 ng L ( -1 ) for Co , Ni and Cd , respectively .
With a sampling frequency of 13 h ( -1 ) , the relative standard deviations ( RSDs ) for Co , Ni and Cd were 4 . 8 , 5 . 1 and 6 . 4% ( C=1 mug L ( -1 ) , n=7 ) , respectively .
The proposed method had been successfully applied to the determination of Co , Ni and Cd in human urine .
To validate the proposed method , certified reference materials of NIES No 10-b rice flour and GBW07601 ( GSH-1 ) human hair were analyzed and the determined values were in a good agreement with the certified values .
The PNIPA coated fiber-in-tube capillary can be reused for more than 150 times without decreasing the extraction efficiency .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide ) ( PNIPA ) gel is a widely studied thermo-responsive material that exhibits discontinuous change in volume when the external temperature is increased .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this paper , PNIPA gel was prepared and applied as a novel polymer coating for fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction of trace Co , Ni and Cd followed by on-line ICP-MS detection .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The PNIPA coating was synthesized by using ethylene triethoxysilane ( ETEOS ) as the cross-linking agent under acidic conditions .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: This siloxane incorporated PNIPA gel achieves a dramatically rapid response rate when the external temperature is changed .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The micro-structure of PNIPA coating was examined by scanning electron micrograph ( SEM ) .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: The PNIPA coated fiber-in-tube capillary can be reused for more than 150 times without decreasing the extraction efficiency .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
