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Score: 8.00 | Title: Wheat granule-bound starch synthase I and II are encoded by separate genes that are expressed in different it issues .
| Author: Vrinten PL Nakamura T | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 122 ( 1 ) P : 255-64 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10631269 Accession (PMID): 10631269 | Matching Sentences: [ Sen. 3, subscore: 3.00 ]: Studies of waxy mutations in wheat and other cereals have shown that null mutations in genes encoding granule-bound starch synthase I ( GBSSI ) result in amylose-free starch in endosperm and pollen grains , whereas starch in other it issues may contain amylose . We have isolated a cDNA from waxy wheat that encodes GBSSII , which is thought to be responsible for the elongation of amylose chains in non-storage it issues . The deduced amino acid sequences of wheat GBSSI and GBSSII were almost 66% identical , while those of wheat GBSSII and potato GBSSI were 72% identical GBSSII was expressed in leaf , culm , and pericarp it issue , but transcripts were not detected in endosperm it issue . In contrast , GBSSI expression was high in endosperm it issue . The expression of GBSSII mRNA in pericarp it issue was similar at the midpoints of the day and night periods . The GBSSII genes were mapped to chromosomes 2AL , 2B , and 2D , whereas GBSSI genes are located on group 7 chromosomes . Gel-blot analysis indicated that genes related to GBSSII also occur in barley , rice , and maize . [ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Studies of waxy mutations in wheat and other cereals have shown that null mutations in genes encoding granule-bound starch synthase I ( GBSSI ) result in amylose-free starch in endosperm and pollen grains , whereas starch in other it issues may contain amylose . We have isolated a cDNA from waxy wheat that encodes GBSSII , which is thought to be responsible for the elongation of amylose chains in non-storage it issues . The deduced amino acid sequences of wheat GBSSI and GBSSII were almost 66% identical , while those of wheat GBSSII and potato GBSSI were 72% identical GBSSII was expressed in leaf , culm , and pericarp it issue , but transcripts were not detected in endosperm it issue . In contrast , GBSSI expression was high in endosperm it issue . The expression of GBSSII mRNA in pericarp it issue was similar at the midpoints of the day and night periods . The GBSSII genes were mapped to chromosomes 2AL , 2B , and 2D , whereas GBSSI genes are located on group 7 chromosomes . [ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Studies of waxy mutations in wheat and other cereals have shown that null mutations in genes encoding granule-bound starch synthase I ( GBSSI ) result in amylose-free starch in endosperm and pollen grains , whereas starch in other it issues may contain amylose . We have isolated a cDNA from waxy wheat that encodes GBSSII , which is thought to be responsible for the elongation of amylose chains in non-storage it issues . The deduced amino acid sequences of wheat GBSSI and GBSSII were almost 66% identical , while those of wheat GBSSII and potato GBSSI were 72% identical GBSSII was expressed in leaf , culm , and pericarp it issue , but transcripts were not detected in endosperm it issue . In contrast , GBSSI expression was high in endosperm it issue . The expression of GBSSII mRNA in pericarp it issue was similar at the midpoints of the day and night periods . The GBSSII genes were mapped to chromosomes 2AL , 2B , and 2D , whereas GBSSI genes are located on group 7 chromosomes . Gel-blot analysis indicated that genes related to GBSSII also occur in barley , rice , and maize . The possible role of GBSSII in starch synthesis is discussed . [ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have isolated a cDNA from waxy wheat that encodes GBSSII , which is thought to be responsible for the elongation of amylose chains in non-storage it issues . The deduced amino acid sequences of wheat GBSSI and GBSSII were almost 66% identical , while those of wheat GBSSII and potato GBSSI were 72% identical GBSSII was expressed in leaf , culm , and pericarp it issue , but transcripts were not detected in endosperm it issue . In contrast , GBSSI expression was high in endosperm it issue . The expression of GBSSII mRNA in pericarp it issue was similar at the midpoints of the day and night periods . The GBSSII genes were mapped to chromosomes 2AL , 2B , and 2D , whereas GBSSI genes are located on group 7 chromosomes . Gel-blot analysis indicated that genes related to GBSSII also occur in barley , rice , and maize . The possible role of GBSSII in starch synthesis is discussed . [ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The deduced amino acid sequences of wheat GBSSI and GBSSII were almost 66% identical , while those of wheat GBSSII and potato GBSSI were 72% identical GBSSII was expressed in leaf , culm , and pericarp it issue , but transcripts were not detected in endosperm it issue . In contrast , GBSSI expression was high in endosperm it issue . The expression of GBSSII mRNA in pericarp it issue was similar at the midpoints of the day and night periods . The GBSSII genes were mapped to chromosomes 2AL , 2B , and 2D , whereas GBSSI genes are located on group 7 chromosomes . Gel-blot analysis indicated that genes related to GBSSII also occur in barley , rice , and maize . The possible role of GBSSII in starch synthesis is discussed . [ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: In contrast , GBSSI expression was high in endosperm it issue . The expression of GBSSII mRNA in pericarp it issue was similar at the midpoints of the day and night periods . The GBSSII genes were mapped to chromosomes 2AL , 2B , and 2D , whereas GBSSI genes are located on group 7 chromosomes . Gel-blot analysis indicated that genes related to GBSSII also occur in barley , rice , and maize . The possible role of GBSSII in starch synthesis is discussed .
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Score: 1.00 | Title: A comprehensive expression analysis of the starch synthase gene family in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
| Author: Hirose T Terao T | Journal: Planta Citation: V : 220 ( 1 ) P : 9-16 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15232694 Accession (PMID): 15232694 | Matching Sentences: [ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Extensive searches for starch synthase genes were done in the databases of both the whole genome and full-length cDNAs of rice , and ten genes were revealed to comprise the starch synthase gene family . Multi-sequence alignment analysis of the starch synthase proteins from rice and other plant species suggested that they were grouped into five classes , soluble starch synthase I ( SSI ) , SSII , SSIII , SSIV and granule-bound starch synthase ( GBSS ) . In rice , there was one gene for SSI , three for SSII and two each for SSIII , IV and GBSS . The expression pattern of the ten genes in the developing caryopsis was examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis . Based on the temporal expression patterns , the ten genes could be divided into three groups : ( i ) early expressers ( SSII-2 , III-1 , GBSSII ) , which are expressed in the early stage of grain filling ; ( ii ) late expressers ( SSII-3 , III-2 , GBSSI ) , which are expressed in the mid to later stage of grain filling ; and ( iii ) steady expressers ( SSI , II-1 , IV-1 , IV-2 ) , which are expressed relatively constantly during grain filling . Within a caryopsis , the three gene groups spatially share their expression , ie "early expressers" in the pericarp , the "late expressers" in the endosperm" and the "steady expressers" in both it issues . In addition , this grouping was reflected in the expression pattern of various rice it issues : expression in non-endosperm , endosperm or all it issues examined . The implications in this spatio-temporal work sharing of starch synthesis isogenes are discussed .
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Score: 1.00 | Title: Comparison of the starch synthesis genes between maize and rice : copies , chromosome location and expression divergence .
| Author: Yan HB Pan XX Jiang HW Wu GJ | Journal: Theor Appl Genet Citation: V : 119 P : 815-25 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19593540 Accession (PMID): 19593540 | Matching Sentences: [ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this study we compared the fate of the genes involved in the core pathway of starch biosynthesis following the ancient and second WGDs in maize and rice . In total , thirty starch synthesis genes were detected in the maize genome , which covered all the starch synthesis gene families encoded by 27 genes in rice . All of these genes , except ZmGBSSIIb and ZmBEIII , are anchored within large-scale synteny blocks of rice and maize chromosomes . Previous findings and our results indicate that two of the current copies of many starch synthesis genes ( including AGPL , AGPS , GBSS , SSII , SSIII , and BEII ) probably arose from the ancient WGD in the Gramineae and are still present in the maize and rice genome . Furthermore , two copies of at least six genes ( AGPS1 , SSIIb , SSIIIb , GBSSII , BEI , and ISA3 ) appear to have been retained in the maize genome after its second WGD , although complete coding regions were only detected among the duplicate sets of AGPS1 , SSIIb , and SSIIIb . The expression patterns of the remaining duplicate sets of starch synthesis genes ( AGPL1/2 , AGPS1/2 , SSIIa/b , SSIIIa/b , GBSSI/II , and BEIIa/b ) differ in their expression and could be classified into two groups in maize . The first group is mainly expressed in the endosperm , whereas the second is expressed in other organs and the early endosperm development . The four duplicate sets of ZmGBSSII , ZmSSIIb , ZmSSIIIb and AGPS1 , which arose from the second WGD diverged in gene structure and/or expression patterns in maize . These results indicated that some duplicated starch synthesis genes were remained , whereas others diverged in gene structure and/or expression pattern in maize .
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Score: 1.00 | Title: Starch branching enzymes belonging to distinct enzyme families are differentially expressed during pea embryo development .
| Author: Burton RA Bewley JD Smith AM Bhattacharyya MK Tatge H Ring S Bull V Hamilton WD Martin C | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 7 ( 1 ) P : 3-15 Year: 1995 Type: ARTICLE | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub7894509 Accession (PMID): 7894509 | Matching Sentences: [ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: cDNA clones for two isoforms of starch branching enzyme ( SBEI and SBEII ) have been isolated from pea embryos and sequenced . The deduced amino acid sequences of pea SBEI and SBEII are closely related to starch branching enzymes of maize , rice , potato and cassava and a number of glycogen branching enzymes from yeast , mammals and several prokaryotic species . In comparison with SBEI , the deduced amino acid sequence of SBEII lacks a flexible domain at the N-terminus of the mature protein . This domain is also present in maize SBEII and rice SBEIII and resembles one previously reported for pea granule-bound starch synthase II ( GBSSII ) . However , in each case it is missing from the other isoform of SBE from the same species . On the basis of this structural feature ( which exists in some isoforms from both monocots and dicots ) and other differences in sequence , SBEs from plants may be divided into two distinct enzyme families . There is strong evidence from our own and other work that the amylopectin products of the enzymes from these two families are qualitatively different . Pea SBEI and SBEII are differentially expressed during embryo development .
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