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| Title: The WUSCHEL-related homeobox gene WOX11 is required to activate shoot-borne crown root development in rice .
| | Author: Zhao Y Hu Y Dai M Huang L Zhou DX | | Journal: Plant Cell Citation: V : 21 P : 736-48 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19258439 Accession (PMID): 19258439 | | Abstract: In rice ( Oryza sativa ) , the shoot-borne crown roots are the major root type and are initiated at lower stem nodes as part of normal plant development .
However , the regulatory mechanism of crown root development is poorly understood .
In this work , we show that a WUSCHEL-related Homeobox ( WOX ) gene , WOX11 , is involved in the activation of crown root emergence and growth .
WOX11 was found to be expressed in emerging crown roots and later in cell division regions of the root meristem .
The expression could be induced by exogenous auxin or cytokinin .
Loss-of-function mutation or downregulation of the gene reduced the number and the growth rate of crown roots , whereas overexpression of the gene induced precocious crown root growth and dramatically increased the root biomass by producing crown roots at the upper stem nodes and the base of florets .
The expressions of auxin and cytokinin-responsive genes were affected in WOX11 overexpression and RNA interference transgenic plants .
Further analysis showed that WOX11 directly repressed RR2 , a type-A cytokinin-responsive regulator gene that was found to be expressed in crown root primordia .
The results suggest that WOX11 may be an integrator of auxin and cytokinin signaling that feeds into RR2 to regulate cell proliferation during crown root development .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Further analysis showed that WOX11 directly repressed RR2 , a type-A cytokinin-responsive regulator gene that was found to be expressed in crown root primordia .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results suggest that WOX11 may be an integrator of auxin and cytokinin signaling that feeds into RR2 to regulate cell proliferation during crown root development .
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| Title: Histidine kinase and response regulator genes as they relate to salinity tolerance in rice .
| | Author: Karan R Singla-Pareek SL Pareek A | | Journal: Funct Integr Genomics Citation: V : P : Year: 2009 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19277738 Accession (PMID): 19277738 | | Abstract: We have previously shown that Oryza sativa L Pokkali maintains higher levels of transcripts under non-saline conditions , which are otherwise induced under salinity in the sensitive genotype-IR64 .
We wanted to test this hypothesis of differential gene regulation further , within the members of a given stress responsive gene family , which share significant structural and functional similarities .
For this purpose , we chose to work on the two-component system ( TCS family ) which plays an important role in stress perception and signal transduction under hormonal , abiotic stress , light and developmental regulation .
We present data to show that all members of TCS family , including sensory histidine kinases , phosphotransfer proteins and response regulators , are having differential transcript abundance ( under both non-stress and salinity stress conditions ) in contrasting rice genotypes .
Further , under non-stress conditions , transcript abundance for all TCS members ( except RR21 ) was found to be higher in the salt-tolerant genotype-Pokkali .
TCS transcripts are otherwise induced by salinity stress to a relatively higher level in the sensitive cultivar IR64 .
A few of these members were also found to be localised within important salinity-related quantitative trait loci identified earlier .
Based on the above findings , we propose that the TCS members may have a significant role in salinity tolerance in rice and can serve as useful candidate genes for raising salinity-tolerant crop plants .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Further , under non-stress conditions , transcript abundance for all TCS members ( except RR21 ) was found to be higher in the salt-tolerant genotype-Pokkali .
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| Title: Rhizomicrobium palustre gen . nov . , sp . nov . , a facultatively anaerobic , fermentative stalked bacterium in the class Alphaproteobacteria isolated from rice plant roots .
| | Author: Ueki A Kodama Y Kaku N Shiromura T Satoh A Watanabe K Ueki K | | Journal: J Gen Appl Microbiol Citation: V : 56 P : 193-203 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20647676 Accession (PMID): 20647676 | | Abstract: Facultatively anaerobic bacterial strains ( A48 ( T ) , RR25 and RR54 ) were isolated from roots of living rice plants in an irrigated rice-field in Japan .
The three strains had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and showed almost the same phenotypic properties examined .
Cells of the strains were Gram-negative , non-spore-forming rods .
Reproduction of cells was by binary fission as well as by budding .
Cells occurred singly or in pairs arranged angularly .
Some cells , including dividing cells , were motile with a single polar flagellum .
Cells developed a polar prostheca ( stalk ) with a holdfast-like structure and the cell with the stalk budded a daughter cell .
The strains were chemoorganotrophs and utilized various sugars as growth substrates .
The strains fermentatively produced acetate and lactate as well as small amounts of ethanol and H ( 2 ) from the substrates .
Growth temperature and pH ranges for growth were 15-40 degrees C and pH 5 . 5-7 . 3 with optimum growth at 30-35 degrees C and pH 6 . 8 .
NaCl concentration range for growth was 0-1 . 0% ( wt/vol ) with an optimum at 0% ( wt/vol ) .
Catalase and oxidase activities were not detected .
The strains reduced Fe ( III ) to Fe ( II ) in the presence of glucose , while they did not reduce nitrate , fumarate , malate or sulfate .
The major cellular fatty acids of the strains were C18 : 1omega7 , anteiso-C15 : 0 , iso-C15 : 0 , C16 : 0 and C18 : 0 .
Ubiquinone Q-10 was the major respiratory quinone and the genomic DNA G + C contents were 53 . 4-55 . 4 mol% .
Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed the strains in the class Alphaproteobacteria and the strains formed a novel deep branch in the phylogenetic trees constructed .
Based on the differences in 16S rRNA gene sequences and phenotypic properties of the novel strains from those of their relatives , we proposed that the strains be assigned in the novel genus and species as Rhizomicrobium palustre gen . nov . , sp . nov .
The type strain of the novel species is strain A48 ( T ) ( = JCM 14971 ( T ) = DSM 19867 ( T ) ) .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Facultatively anaerobic bacterial strains ( A48 ( T ) , RR25 and RR54 ) were isolated from roots of living rice plants in an irrigated rice-field in Japan .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
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| Title: The influence of environmental factors on the adhesion of combinations of probiotics to rice fibre fractions .
| | Author: Fernando WM Flint S Brennan CS Ranaweera KK Bamunuarachchi A | | Journal: World J Microbiol Biotechnol Citation: V : 28 P : 2293-302 Year: 2012 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22806103 Accession (PMID): 22806103 | | Abstract: Nine co-cultures of the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species were tested for their ability to adhere to insoluble dietary fibre ( IDF1 , IDF2 ) , soluble dietary fibre ( SDF1 , SDF2 ) , and total dietary fibre ( TDF1 , TDF2 ) from two rice varieties ( RR1 and RR2 ) .
Combinations of the same genus ( BB + BL and LA + LR ) showed 30-40 % ( poor ) adhesion , and combinations of different genera showed 40-50 % ( moderate ) adhesion , which is significantly higher ( p < 0 . 05 ) than the combinations of same genus .
The increase in adhesion with species from different genera suggests some synergistic activity .
The microbial combinations had the ability to adhere to dietary fibre fractions as early as 30 min .
Colonization of rice fibre by bacterial cells was affected by the temperature , with adhesion being higher at 37 degrees C than at room temperature .
The optimal pH value for adhesion was 4 . 2-4 . 5 .
This study observed that the combinations tested had a moderate percentage of adhesion in the presence of bile , low pH ( 4 . 3-4 . 5 ) and pancreatin , irrespective of the type of co-culture .
In addition , adhesion was not affected by an increase in NaCl and Tween 80 .
Adhesion was affected by disaccharides and polysaccharides .
The amount of adhesion of co-cultures was not significantly affected by the substrate ( p > 0 . 05 ) .
Results indicated that rice fibre fractions are suitable hosts for the probiotics tested .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nine co-cultures of the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species were tested for their ability to adhere to insoluble dietary fibre ( IDF1 , IDF2 ) , soluble dietary fibre ( SDF1 , SDF2 ) , and total dietary fibre ( TDF1 , TDF2 ) from two rice varieties ( RR1 and RR2 ) .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
