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Title: Rice Virescent3 and Stripe1 Encoding the Large and Small Subunits of Ribonucleotide Reductase Are Required for Chloroplast Biogenesis during Early Leaf Development .
Author: Yoo SC Cho SH Sugimoto H Li J Kusumi K Koh HJ Iba K Paek NC
Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : 150 P : 388-401 Year: 2009 Type: In-Data-Review
Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19297585 Accession (PMID): 19297585
Abstract: The virescent3 ( v3 ) and stripe1 ( st1 ) mutants in rice ( Oryza sativa ) produce chlorotic leaves in a growth stage-dependent manner under field conditions . They are temperature-conditional mutants that produce bleached leaves at a constant 20 degrees C or 30 degrees C but almost green leaves under diurnal 30 degrees C/20 degrees C conditions . Here , we show V3 and St1 , which encode the large and small subunits of ribonucleotide reductase ( RNR ) , RNRL1 , and RNRS1 , respectively . RNR regulates the rate of deoxyribonucleotide production for DNA synthesis and repair . RNRL1 and RNRS1 are highly expressed in the shoot base and in young leaves , and the expression of the genes that function in plastid transcription/translation and in photosynthesis is altered in v3 and st1 mutants , indicating that a threshold activity of RNR is required for chloroplast biogenesis in developing leaves . There are additional RNR homologs in rice , RNRL2 and RNRS2 , and eukaryotic RNRs comprise alpha ( 2 ) beta ( 2 ) heterodimers . In yeast , RNRL1 interacts with RNRS1 ( RNRL1 : RNRS1 ) and RNRL2 : RNRS2 , but no interaction occurs between other combinations of the large and small subunits . The interacting activities are RNRL1 : RNRS1 > RNRL1 : rnrs1 ( st1 ) > rnrl1 ( v3 ) : RNRS1 > rnrl1 ( v3 ) : rnrs1 ( st1 ) , which correlate with the degree of chlorosis for each genotype . This suggests that missense mutations in rnrl1 ( v3 ) and rnrs1 ( st1 ) attenuate the first alphabeta dimerization . Moreover , wild-type plants exposed to a low concentration of an RNR inhibitor , hydroxyurea , produce chlorotic leaves without growth retardation , reminiscent of v3 and st1 mutants . We thus propose that upon insufficient activity of RNR , plastid DNA synthesis is preferentially arrested to allow nuclear genome replication in developing leaves , leading to continuous plant growth .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: There are additional RNR homologs in rice , RNRL2 and RNRS2 , and eukaryotic RNRs comprise alpha ( 2 ) beta ( 2 ) heterodimers .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: In yeast , RNRL1 interacts with RNRS1 ( RNRL1 : RNRS1 ) and RNRL2 : RNRS2 , but no interaction occurs between other combinations of the large and small subunits .
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