| 39 matches found in 19 documents. Search time: 0.078 seconds. |
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| Title: Breeding of commercially acceptable allelopathic rice cultivars in China .
| | Author: Kong CH Chen XH Hu F Zhang SZ | | Journal: Pest Manag Sci Citation: V : P : Year: 2011 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21520392 Accession (PMID): 21520392 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : One promising area of paddy weed control is the potential for exploiting the weed-suppressing ability of rice .
This study was conducted to develop commercially acceptable allelopathic rice cultivars using crosses between allelopathic rice variety PI312777 and commercial Chinese cultivars ( N2S , N9S , Huahui354 , Peiai64S and Tehuazhan35 ) , and to assess their weed suppression and grain yield in paddy fields in relation to their parents .
RESULTS : There was a positive dominance in the crosses Huahui354 x PI312777 and N2S x PI312777 but recessive or negative dominance in N9S x PI312777 , Peiai64S x PI312777 and Tehuazhan35 x PI312777 .
Huahui354 x PI312777 and N2S x PI312777 showed stronger weed suppression than their parents and other crosses .
Finally , an F ( 8 ) line with an appearance close to Huahui354 and a magnitude of weed suppression close to PI312777 was obtained from Huahui354 x PI312777 .
This line , named Huagan-3 , was released as a first commercially acceptable allelopathic rice cultivar in China .
The grain yield and quality of Huagan-3 met the commercial standard of the local rice industry .
Huagan-3 greatly suppressed paddy weeds , although suppression was influenced by year-to-year variation and plant density .
There was no certain yield reduction in Huagan-3 even under a slight infestation of barnyard grass in paddy fields .
CONCLUSION : The successful breeding of Huagan-3 with high yield and strong weed suppression may be incorporated into present rice production systems to minimise the amount of herbicide used .
Copyright ( c ) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 5.00 ]: RESULTS : There was a positive dominance in the crosses Huahui354 x PI312777 and N2S x PI312777 but recessive or negative dominance in N9S x PI312777 , Peiai64S x PI312777 and Tehuazhan35 x PI312777 .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Huahui354 x PI312777 and N2S x PI312777 showed stronger weed suppression than their parents and other crosses .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: Finally , an F ( 8 ) line with an appearance close to Huahui354 and a magnitude of weed suppression close to PI312777 was obtained from Huahui354 x PI312777 .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: This study was conducted to develop commercially acceptable allelopathic rice cultivars using crosses between allelopathic rice variety PI312777 and commercial Chinese cultivars ( N2S , N9S , Huahui354 , Peiai64S and Tehuazhan35 ) , and to assess their weed suppression and grain yield in paddy fields in relation to their parents .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Allelopathic enhancement and differential gene expression in rice under low nitrogen treatment .
| | Author: Song B Xiong J Fang C Qiu L Lin R Liang Y Lin W | | Journal: J Chem Ecol Citation: V : 34 P : 688-95 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18392895 Accession (PMID): 18392895 | | Abstract: The allelopathy-competition separation ( ACS ) based approach was used to explore the biointerference relationship between rice accessions and barnyardgrass exposed to different nitrogen ( N ) supplies in hydroponics .
Rice accession PI312777 exhibited high allelopathic potential to suppress the growth of accompanying weeds , especially when the culture solution had low N content .
The non-allelopathic rice Lemont showed an opposite result .
Additionally , subtractive hybridization suppression ( SSH ) was used to construct a forward SSH-cDNA library of PI312777 to investigate gene expression profiles under low N treatment .
A total of 35 positive clones from the SSH-cDNA library were sequenced and annotated .
According to the function category , 24 genes were classified into five groups related to primary metabolism , phenolic allelochemical synthesis , plant growth/cell cycle regulation , stress response/signal transduction , and protein synthesis/degradation .
Among them , two up-regulated genes that encode PAL and cytochrome P450 were selected .
Their transcript abundance at low N level was compared further between the allelopathic rice and its counterpart by utilizing real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( qRT-PCR ) .
The transcription levels of the two genes increased in both rice accessions when exposed to low N supply , but PI312777 at a higher magnitude than Lemont .
At 1 , 3 , and 7 days of the treatments , the corresponding relative expression levels of PAL were 11 . 38 , 4 . 83 , and 3 . 57 fold higher in PI312777 root , but there were 1 . 15 , 2 . 74 , and 2 . 94 fold increases for Lemont , compared with the control plants fed with regular nutrient .
The same trend was found for cytochrome P450 .
These findings suggest that the stronger ability of PI312777 to suppress target weeds , especially in low N nutrient conditions , might be attributed to the stronger activation of the genes that function in de novo synthesis of allelochemicals .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice accession PI312777 exhibited high allelopathic potential to suppress the growth of accompanying weeds , especially when the culture solution had low N content .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Additionally , subtractive hybridization suppression ( SSH ) was used to construct a forward SSH-cDNA library of PI312777 to investigate gene expression profiles under low N treatment .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The transcription levels of the two genes increased in both rice accessions when exposed to low N supply , but PI312777 at a higher magnitude than Lemont .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: At 1 , 3 , and 7 days of the treatments , the corresponding relative expression levels of PAL were 11 . 38 , 4 . 83 , and 3 . 57 fold higher in PI312777 root , but there were 1 . 15 , 2 . 74 , and 2 . 94 fold increases for Lemont , compared with the control plants fed with regular nutrient .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: These findings suggest that the stronger ability of PI312777 to suppress target weeds , especially in low N nutrient conditions , might be attributed to the stronger activation of the genes that function in de novo synthesis of allelochemicals .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: [ Differential expression of proteins in Oryza sativa leaves in response to cadmium stress ] .
| | Author: Xiao QT Rong H Zhou LY Liu J Lin WX Lin RY | | Journal: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao Citation: V : 22 P : 1013-9 Year: 2011 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21774326 Accession (PMID): 21774326 | | Abstract: In order to explore the cadmium ( Cd ) -tolerance mechanism of rice ( Oryza sativa ) , a hydroponic experiment with Cd-tolerant rice cultivar PI312777 and Cd-sensitive rice cultivar IR24 was conducted .
The cultivars were treated with 0 ( control ) , 50 , and 100 micromol L ( -1 ) of Cd ( 2+ ) for 7 days , and the differential expression of proteins in their leaves were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF/MS approach .
Under Cd stress , 31 protein spots in PI312777 leaves and 19 protein spots in IR24 leaves had significantly different expression , compared with the control .
In PI312777 leaves , the 24 of 31 proteins had 4 proteins related to photosynthesis , 11 proteins related to cell metabolism and defense , 3 proteins related to other metabolism pathway , and 2 proteins were unknown proteins ; in IR24 leaves , the 15 of 19 proteins were identified .
Under Cd-stress , the heat shock protein , glutathione-diulfide reductase , poteasome subunit alpha type-6 , 1 , 6-bisphosphate aldolase , thioredoxin , and DNA repair-recombination protein in PI312777 leaves were up-regulated expressed , while these proteins in IR24 were not significantly changed except the down-regulation of 1 , 6-bisphosphate aldolase and thioredoxin .
The higher Cd-tolerance of PI312777 could have close relations with the differentially expressed proteins .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: In order to explore the cadmium ( Cd ) -tolerance mechanism of rice ( Oryza sativa ) , a hydroponic experiment with Cd-tolerant rice cultivar PI312777 and Cd-sensitive rice cultivar IR24 was conducted .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Under Cd stress , 31 protein spots in PI312777 leaves and 19 protein spots in IR24 leaves had significantly different expression , compared with the control .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: In PI312777 leaves , the 24 of 31 proteins had 4 proteins related to photosynthesis , 11 proteins related to cell metabolism and defense , 3 proteins related to other metabolism pathway , and 2 proteins were unknown proteins ; in IR24 leaves , the 15 of 19 proteins were identified .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Under Cd-stress , the heat shock protein , glutathione-diulfide reductase , poteasome subunit alpha type-6 , 1 , 6-bisphosphate aldolase , thioredoxin , and DNA repair-recombination protein in PI312777 leaves were up-regulated expressed , while these proteins in IR24 were not significantly changed except the down-regulation of 1 , 6-bisphosphate aldolase and thioredoxin .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The higher Cd-tolerance of PI312777 could have close relations with the differentially expressed proteins .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Separation of allelopathy from resource competition using rice/barnyardgrass mixed-cultures .
| | Author: He HB Wang HB Fang CX Lin ZH Yu ZM Lin WX | | Journal: PLoS One Citation: V : 7 P : e37201 Year: 2012 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22590655 Accession (PMID): 22590655 | | Abstract: Plant-plant interference is the combined effect of allelopathy , resource competition , and many other factors .
Separating allelopathy from resource competition is almost impossible in natural systems but it is important to evaluate the relative contribution of each of the two mechanisms on plant interference .
Research on allelopathy in natural and cultivated plant communities has been hindered in the absence of a reliable method that can separate allelopathic effect from resource competition .
In this paper , the interactions between allelopathic rice accession PI312777 , non-allelopathic rice accession Lemont and barnyardgrass were explored respectively by using a target ( rice ) -neighbor ( barnyardgrass ) mixed-culture in hydroponic system .
The relative competitive intensity ( RCI ) , the relative neighbor effect ( RNE ) and the competitive ratio ( CR ) were used to quantify the intensity of competition between each of the two different potentially allelopathic rice accessions and barnyardgrass .
Use of hydroponic culture system enabled us to exclude any uncontrolled factors that might operate in the soil and we were able to separate allelopathy from resource competition between each rice accession and barnyardgrass .
The RCI and RNE values showed that the plant-plant interaction was positive ( facilitation ) for PI312777 but that was negative ( competition ) for Lemont and barnyardgrass in rice/barnyardgrass mixed-cultures .
The CR values showed that one PI312777 plant was more competitive than 2 barnyardgrass plants .
The allelopathic effects of PI312777 were much more intense than the resource competition in rice/barnyardgrass mixed cultures .
The reverse was true for Lemont .
These results demonstrate that the allelopathic effect of PI312777 was predominant in rice/barnyardgrass mixed-cultures .
The most significant result of our study is the discovery of an experimental design , target-neighbor mixed-culture in combination with competition indices , can successfully separate allelopathic effects from competition .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this paper , the interactions between allelopathic rice accession PI312777 , non-allelopathic rice accession Lemont and barnyardgrass were explored respectively by using a target ( rice ) -neighbor ( barnyardgrass ) mixed-culture in hydroponic system .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The RCI and RNE values showed that the plant-plant interaction was positive ( facilitation ) for PI312777 but that was negative ( competition ) for Lemont and barnyardgrass in rice/barnyardgrass mixed-cultures .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The CR values showed that one PI312777 plant was more competitive than 2 barnyardgrass plants .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The allelopathic effects of PI312777 were much more intense than the resource competition in rice/barnyardgrass mixed cultures .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results demonstrate that the allelopathic effect of PI312777 was predominant in rice/barnyardgrass mixed-cultures .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: [ Regulation effect of exogenous salicylic acid on weed suppression and molecular physiological characteristics of allelopathic rice ] | | Author: Qiu L Wang HB Xiong J Fang CX Wu WX He HB Lin WX | | Journal: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao Citation: V : 19 P : 330-6 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18464639 Accession (PMID): 18464639 | | Abstract: To investigate the feasibility of using exogenous salicylic acid ( SA ) to regulate the allelopathic weed suppression of rice , this paper studied the effects of different concentrations exogenous SA on the weed-suppression and physiological-biochemical characteristics of allelopathic rice PI312777 , and the relative expression quantity of gene ZB8 in the rice by real time quantitative RT-PCR ( FQ-PCR ) .
The results showed that exogenous SA induced the enhancement of the allelopathic potential of donor rice in suppressing target weed plants , and this inducing effect was SA dose and treatment time dependent .
After foliar spraying SA , the inhibitory effect of PI312777 on barnyardgrass increased significantly , and the root vigor and superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) and perocidase ( POD ) activities of PI312777 increased , while its catalase ( CAT ) activity decreased .
The reverse was true for the target weed barnyardgrass .
At the same time , the phenylalanine ammonialyase ( PAL ) activity of PI312777 increased significantly , leading to an increase of the total content of phenols .
Among the test concentrations of SA , 0 . 2 mmol x L ( -1 ) had the best inducing effect , under which , the relative expression quantity of ZB8 increased first and decreased then , with a peak at 24 hours after treatment .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: After foliar spraying SA , the inhibitory effect of PI312777 on barnyardgrass increased significantly , and the root vigor and superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) and perocidase ( POD ) activities of PI312777 increased , while its catalase ( CAT ) activity decreased .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: To investigate the feasibility of using exogenous salicylic acid ( SA ) to regulate the allelopathic weed suppression of rice , this paper studied the effects of different concentrations exogenous SA on the weed-suppression and physiological-biochemical characteristics of allelopathic rice PI312777 , and the relative expression quantity of gene ZB8 in the rice by real time quantitative RT-PCR ( FQ-PCR ) .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: At the same time , the phenylalanine ammonialyase ( PAL ) activity of PI312777 increased significantly , leading to an increase of the total content of phenols .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
