| 137 matches found in 62 documents. Search time: 0.018 seconds. |
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Score: 11.00 |
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| Title: The blast resistance gene Pi37 encodes a nucleotide binding site leucine-rich repeat protein and is a member of a resistance gene cluster on rice chromosome 1 .
| | Author: Lin F Chen S Que Z Wang L Liu X Pan Q | | Journal: Genetics Citation: V : 177 P : 1871-80 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17947408 Accession (PMID): 17947408 | | Abstract: The resistance ( R ) gene Pi37 , present in the rice cultivar St No 1 , was isolated by an in silico map-based cloning procedure .
The equivalent genetic region in Nipponbare contains four nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat ( NBS-LRR ) type loci .
These four candidates for Pi37 ( Pi37-1 , -2 , -3 , and -4 ) were amplified separately from St No 1 via long-range PCR , and cloned into a binary vector .
Each construct was individually transformed into the highly blast susceptible cultivar Q1063 .
The subsequent complementation analysis revealed Pi37-3 to be the functional gene , while -1 , -2 , and -4 are probably pseudogenes .
Pi37 encodes a 1290 peptide NBS-LRR product , and the presence of substitutions at two sites in the NBS region ( V239A and I247M ) is associated with the resistance phenotype .
Semiquantitative expression analysis showed that in St No 1 , Pi37 was constitutively expressed and only slightly induced by blast infection .
Transient expression experiments indicated that the Pi37 product is restricted to the cytoplasm .
Pi37-3 is thought to have evolved recently from -2 , which in turn was derived from an ancestral -1 sequence .
Pi37-4 is likely the most recently evolved member of the cluster and probably represents a duplication of -3 .
The four Pi37 paralogs are more closely related to maize rp1 than to any of the currently isolated rice blast R genes Pita , Pib , Pi9 , Pi2 , Piz-t , and Pi36 .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: These four candidates for Pi37 ( Pi37-1 , -2 , -3 , and -4 ) were amplified separately from St No 1 via long-range PCR , and cloned into a binary vector .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 2.00 ]: The four Pi37 paralogs are more closely related to maize rp1 than to any of the currently isolated rice blast R genes Pita , Pib , Pi9 , Pi2 , Piz-t , and Pi36 .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The resistance ( R ) gene Pi37 , present in the rice cultivar St No 1 , was isolated by an in silico map-based cloning procedure .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The subsequent complementation analysis revealed Pi37-3 to be the functional gene , while -1 , -2 , and -4 are probably pseudogenes .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pi37 encodes a 1290 peptide NBS-LRR product , and the presence of substitutions at two sites in the NBS region ( V239A and I247M ) is associated with the resistance phenotype .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Semiquantitative expression analysis showed that in St No 1 , Pi37 was constitutively expressed and only slightly induced by blast infection .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Transient expression experiments indicated that the Pi37 product is restricted to the cytoplasm .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pi37-3 is thought to have evolved recently from -2 , which in turn was derived from an ancestral -1 sequence .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pi37-4 is likely the most recently evolved member of the cluster and probably represents a duplication of -3 .
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Score: 11.00 |
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| Title: Ras-dependent and Ras-independent effects of PI3K in Drosophila motor neurons .
| | Author: Johnson C Chun-Jen Lin C Stern M | | Journal: Genes Brain Behav Citation: V : P : Year: 2012 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22783951 Accession (PMID): 22783951 | | Abstract: The lipid kinase PI3K plays key roles in cellular responses to activation of receptor tyrosine kinases or G protein coupled receptors such as the metabotropic glutamate receptor ( mGluR ) .
Activation of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110 occurs when the PI3K regulatory subunit p85 binds to phosphotyrosine residues present in upstream activating proteins .
In addition , Ras is uniquely capable of activating PI3K in a p85-independent manner by binding to p110 at amino acids distinct from those recognized by p85 .
Because Ras , like p85 , is activated by phosphotyrosines in upstream activators , it can be difficult to determine if particular PI3K-dependent processes require p85 or Ras .
Here , we ask if PI3K requires Ras activity for either of two different PI3K-regulated processes within Drosophila larval motor neurons .
To address this question , we determined the effects on each process of transgenes and chromosomal mutations that decrease Ras activity , or mutations that eliminate the ability of PI3K to respond to activated Ras .
We found that PI3K requires Ras activity to decrease motor neuron excitability , an effect mediated by ligand activation of the single Drosophila mGluR DmGluRA .
In contrast , the ability of PI3K to increase nerve terminal growth is Ras-independent .
These results suggest that distinct regulatory mechanisms underlie the effects of PI3K on distinct phenotypic outputs .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: Activation of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110 occurs when the PI3K regulatory subunit p85 binds to phosphotyrosine residues present in upstream activating proteins .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: Here , we ask if PI3K requires Ras activity for either of two different PI3K-regulated processes within Drosophila larval motor neurons .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The lipid kinase PI3K plays key roles in cellular responses to activation of receptor tyrosine kinases or G protein coupled receptors such as the metabotropic glutamate receptor ( mGluR ) .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: In addition , Ras is uniquely capable of activating PI3K in a p85-independent manner by binding to p110 at amino acids distinct from those recognized by p85 .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Because Ras , like p85 , is activated by phosphotyrosines in upstream activators , it can be difficult to determine if particular PI3K-dependent processes require p85 or Ras .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: To address this question , we determined the effects on each process of transgenes and chromosomal mutations that decrease Ras activity , or mutations that eliminate the ability of PI3K to respond to activated Ras .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: We found that PI3K requires Ras activity to decrease motor neuron excitability , an effect mediated by ligand activation of the single Drosophila mGluR DmGluRA .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: In contrast , the ability of PI3K to increase nerve terminal growth is Ras-independent .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results suggest that distinct regulatory mechanisms underlie the effects of PI3K on distinct phenotypic outputs .
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Score: 10.00 |
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| Title: Breeding of commercially acceptable allelopathic rice cultivars in China .
| | Author: Kong CH Chen XH Hu F Zhang SZ | | Journal: Pest Manag Sci Citation: V : P : Year: 2011 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21520392 Accession (PMID): 21520392 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : One promising area of paddy weed control is the potential for exploiting the weed-suppressing ability of rice .
This study was conducted to develop commercially acceptable allelopathic rice cultivars using crosses between allelopathic rice variety PI312777 and commercial Chinese cultivars ( N2S , N9S , Huahui354 , Peiai64S and Tehuazhan35 ) , and to assess their weed suppression and grain yield in paddy fields in relation to their parents .
RESULTS : There was a positive dominance in the crosses Huahui354 x PI312777 and N2S x PI312777 but recessive or negative dominance in N9S x PI312777 , Peiai64S x PI312777 and Tehuazhan35 x PI312777 .
Huahui354 x PI312777 and N2S x PI312777 showed stronger weed suppression than their parents and other crosses .
Finally , an F ( 8 ) line with an appearance close to Huahui354 and a magnitude of weed suppression close to PI312777 was obtained from Huahui354 x PI312777 .
This line , named Huagan-3 , was released as a first commercially acceptable allelopathic rice cultivar in China .
The grain yield and quality of Huagan-3 met the commercial standard of the local rice industry .
Huagan-3 greatly suppressed paddy weeds , although suppression was influenced by year-to-year variation and plant density .
There was no certain yield reduction in Huagan-3 even under a slight infestation of barnyard grass in paddy fields .
CONCLUSION : The successful breeding of Huagan-3 with high yield and strong weed suppression may be incorporated into present rice production systems to minimise the amount of herbicide used .
Copyright ( c ) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 5.00 ]: RESULTS : There was a positive dominance in the crosses Huahui354 x PI312777 and N2S x PI312777 but recessive or negative dominance in N9S x PI312777 , Peiai64S x PI312777 and Tehuazhan35 x PI312777 .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Huahui354 x PI312777 and N2S x PI312777 showed stronger weed suppression than their parents and other crosses .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: Finally , an F ( 8 ) line with an appearance close to Huahui354 and a magnitude of weed suppression close to PI312777 was obtained from Huahui354 x PI312777 .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: This study was conducted to develop commercially acceptable allelopathic rice cultivars using crosses between allelopathic rice variety PI312777 and commercial Chinese cultivars ( N2S , N9S , Huahui354 , Peiai64S and Tehuazhan35 ) , and to assess their weed suppression and grain yield in paddy fields in relation to their parents .
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Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase plays a vital role in regulation of rice seed vigor via altering NADPH oxidase activity .
| | Author: Liu J Zhou J Xing D | | Journal: PLoS One Citation: V : 7 P : e33817 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22448275 Accession (PMID): 22448275 | | Abstract: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ( PI3K ) has been reported to be important in normal plant growth and stress responses .
In this study , it was verified that PI3K played a vital role in rice seed germination through regulating NADPH oxidase activity .
Suppression of PI3K activity by inhibitors wortmannin or LY294002 could abate the reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) formation , which resulted in disturbance to the seed germination .
And then , the signal cascades that PI3K promoted the ROS liberation was also evaluated .
Diphenylene iodonium ( DPI ) , an NADPH oxidase inhibitor , suppressed most of ROS generation in rice seed germination , which suggested that NADPH oxidase was the main source of ROS in this process .
Pharmacological experiment and RT-PCR demonstrated that PI3K promoted the expression of Os rboh9 .
Moreover , functional analysis by native PAGE and the measurement of the 2 , 3-bis- ( 2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl ) -2H-tetrazo-lium-5 carboxanilide ( XTT ) formazan concentration both showed that PI3K promoted the activity of NADPH oxidase .
Furthermore , the western blot analysis of OsRac-1 demonstrated that the translocation of Rac-1 from cytoplasm to plasma membrane , which was known as a key factor in the assembly of NADPH oxidase , was suppressed by treatment with PI3K inhibitors , resulting in the decreased activity of NADPH oxidase .
Taken together , these data favored the novel conclusion that PI3K regulated NADPH oxidase activity through modulating the recruitment of Rac-1 to plasma membrane and accelerated the process of rice seed germination .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ( PI3K ) has been reported to be important in normal plant growth and stress responses .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this study , it was verified that PI3K played a vital role in rice seed germination through regulating NADPH oxidase activity .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Suppression of PI3K activity by inhibitors wortmannin or LY294002 could abate the reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) formation , which resulted in disturbance to the seed germination .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: And then , the signal cascades that PI3K promoted the ROS liberation was also evaluated .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pharmacological experiment and RT-PCR demonstrated that PI3K promoted the expression of Os rboh9 .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Moreover , functional analysis by native PAGE and the measurement of the 2 , 3-bis- ( 2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl ) -2H-tetrazo-lium-5 carboxanilide ( XTT ) formazan concentration both showed that PI3K promoted the activity of NADPH oxidase .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , the western blot analysis of OsRac-1 demonstrated that the translocation of Rac-1 from cytoplasm to plasma membrane , which was known as a key factor in the assembly of NADPH oxidase , was suppressed by treatment with PI3K inhibitors , resulting in the decreased activity of NADPH oxidase .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Taken together , these data favored the novel conclusion that PI3K regulated NADPH oxidase activity through modulating the recruitment of Rac-1 to plasma membrane and accelerated the process of rice seed germination .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: A PI3-kinase-mediated negative feedback regulates neuronal excitability .
| | Author: Howlett E Lin CC Lavery W Stern M | | Journal: PLoS Genet Citation: V : 4 P : e1000277 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19043547 Accession (PMID): 19043547 | | Abstract: Use-dependent downregulation of neuronal activity ( negative feedback ) can act as a homeostatic mechanism to maintain neuronal activity at a particular specified value .
Disruption of this negative feedback might lead to neurological pathologies , such as epilepsy , but the precise mechanisms by which this feedback can occur remain incompletely understood .
At one glutamatergic synapse , the Drosophila neuromuscular junction , a mutation in the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor gene ( DmGluRA ) increased motor neuron excitability by disrupting an autocrine , glutamate-mediated negative feedback .
We show that DmGluRA mutations increase neuronal excitability by preventing PI3 kinase ( PI3K ) activation and consequently hyperactivating the transcription factor Foxo .
Furthermore , glutamate application increases levels of phospho-Akt , a product of PI3K signaling , within motor nerve terminals in a DmGluRA-dependent manner .
Finally , we show that PI3K increases both axon diameter and synapse number via the Tor/S6 kinase pathway , but not Foxo .
In humans , PI3K and group II mGluRs are implicated in epilepsy , neurofibromatosis , autism , schizophrenia , and other neurological disorders ; however , neither the link between group II mGluRs and PI3K , nor the role of PI3K-dependent regulation of Foxo in the control of neuronal excitability , had been previously reported .
Our work suggests that some of the deficits in these neurological disorders might result from disruption of glutamate-mediated homeostasis of neuronal excitability .
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[ Sen. 7, subscore: 3.00 ]: In humans , PI3K and group II mGluRs are implicated in epilepsy , neurofibromatosis , autism , schizophrenia , and other neurological disorders ; however , neither the link between group II mGluRs and PI3K , nor the role of PI3K-dependent regulation of Foxo in the control of neuronal excitability , had been previously reported .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: We show that DmGluRA mutations increase neuronal excitability by preventing PI3 kinase ( PI3K ) activation and consequently hyperactivating the transcription factor Foxo .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , glutamate application increases levels of phospho-Akt , a product of PI3K signaling , within motor nerve terminals in a DmGluRA-dependent manner .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Finally , we show that PI3K increases both axon diameter and synapse number via the Tor/S6 kinase pathway , but not Foxo .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
