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| Title: Comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes between a wheat K-type cytoplasmic male sterility ( CMS ) line and its maintainer line .
| | Author: Liu H Cui P Zhan K Lin Q Zhuo G Guo X Ding F Yang W Liu D Hu S Yu J Zhang A | | Journal: BMC Genomics Citation: V : 12 P : 163 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21443807 Accession (PMID): 21443807 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Plant mitochondria , semiautonomous organelles that function as manufacturers of cellular ATP , have their own genome that has a slow rate of evolution and rapid rearrangement .
Cytoplasmic male sterility ( CMS ) , a common phenotype in higher plants , is closely associated with rearrangements in mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) , and is widely used to produce F1 hybrid seeds in a variety of valuable crop species .
Novel chimeric genes deduced from mtDNA rearrangements causing CMS have been identified in several plants , such as rice , sunflower , pepper , and rapeseed , but there are very few reports about mtDNA rearrangements in wheat .
In the present work , we describe the mitochondrial genome of a wheat K-type CMS line and compare it with its maintainer line .
RESULTS : The complete mtDNA sequence of a wheat K-type ( with cytoplasm of Aegilops kotschyi ) CMS line , Ks3 , was assembled into a master circle ( MC ) molecule of 647 , 559 bp and found to harbor 34 known protein-coding genes , three rRNAs ( 18 S , 26 S , and 5 S rRNAs ) , and 16 different tRNAs .
Compared to our previously published sequence of a K-type maintainer line , Km3 , we detected Ks3-specific mtDNA ( > 100 bp , 11 . 38% ) and repeats ( > 100 bp , 29 units ) as well as genes that are unique to each line : rpl5 was missing in Ks3 and trnH was absent from Km3 .
We also defined 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) in 13 protein-coding , albeit functionally irrelevant , genes , and predicted 22 unique ORFs in Ks3 , representing potential candidates for K-type CMS .
All these sequence variations are candidates for involvement in CMS .
A comparative analysis of the mtDNA of several angiosperms , including those from Ks3 , Km3 , rice , maize , Arabidopsis thaliana , and rapeseed , showed that non-coding sequences of higher plants had mostly divergent multiple reorganizations during the mtDNA evolution of higher plants .
CONCLUSION : The complete mitochondrial genome of the wheat K-type CMS line Ks3 is very different from that of its maintainer line Km3 , especially in non-coding sequences .
Sequence rearrangement has produced novel chimeric ORFs , which may be candidate genes for CMS .
Comparative analysis of several angiosperm mtDNAs indicated that non-coding sequences are the most frequently reorganized during mtDNA evolution in higher plants .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: Compared to our previously published sequence of a K-type maintainer line , Km3 , we detected Ks3-specific mtDNA ( > 100 bp , 11 . 38% ) and repeats ( > 100 bp , 29 units ) as well as genes that are unique to each line : rpl5 was missing in Ks3 and trnH was absent from Km3 .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: RESULTS : The complete mtDNA sequence of a wheat K-type ( with cytoplasm of Aegilops kotschyi ) CMS line , Ks3 , was assembled into a master circle ( MC ) molecule of 647 , 559 bp and found to harbor 34 known protein-coding genes , three rRNAs ( 18 S , 26 S , and 5 S rRNAs ) , and 16 different tRNAs .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: We also defined 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) in 13 protein-coding , albeit functionally irrelevant , genes , and predicted 22 unique ORFs in Ks3 , representing potential candidates for K-type CMS .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: A comparative analysis of the mtDNA of several angiosperms , including those from Ks3 , Km3 , rice , maize , Arabidopsis thaliana , and rapeseed , showed that non-coding sequences of higher plants had mostly divergent multiple reorganizations during the mtDNA evolution of higher plants .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: CONCLUSION : The complete mitochondrial genome of the wheat K-type CMS line Ks3 is very different from that of its maintainer line Km3 , especially in non-coding sequences .
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