| 201 matches found in 91 documents. Search time: 0.121 seconds. |
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Score: 14.00 |
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| Title: d14 , a strigolactone-insensitive mutant of rice , shows an accelerated outgrowth of tillers .
| | Author: Arite T Umehara M Ishikawa S Hanada A Maekawa M Yamaguchi S Kyozuka J | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol Citation: V : 50 P : 1416-24 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19542179 Accession (PMID): 19542179 | | Abstract: Recent studies using highly branched mutants of pea , Arabidopsis and rice have demonstrated that strigolactones , a group of terpenoid lactones , act as a new hormone class , or its biosynthetic precursors , in inhibiting shoot branching .
Here , we provide evidence that DWARF14 ( D14 ) inhibits rice tillering and may act as a new compo-nent of the strigolactone-dependent branching inhibition pathway .
The d14 mutant exhibits increased shoot branch-ing with reduced plant height like the previously characterized strigolactone-deficient and -insensitive mutants d10 and d3 , respectively .
The d10-1 d14-1 double mutant is phenotypically indistinguishable from the d10-1 and d14-1 single mutants , consistent with the idea that D10 and D14 function in the same pathway .
However , unlike with d10 , the d14 branching phenotype could not be rescued by exogenous strigolactones .
In addition , the d14 mutant contained a higher level of 2-epi-5-deoxystrigol than the wild type .
Positional cloning revealed that D14 encodes a protein of the alpha/beta-fold hydrolase superfamily , some members of which play a role in metabolism or signaling of plant hormones .
We propose that D14 functions downstream of strigolactone synthesis , as a component of hormone signaling or as an enzyme that participates in the conversion of strigolactones to the bioactive form .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 6.00 ]: The d10-1 d14-1 double mutant is phenotypically indistinguishable from the d10-1 and d14-1 single mutants , consistent with the idea that D10 and D14 function in the same pathway .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: The d14 mutant exhibits increased shoot branch-ing with reduced plant height like the previously characterized strigolactone-deficient and -insensitive mutants d10 and d3 , respectively .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: However , unlike with d10 , the d14 branching phenotype could not be rescued by exogenous strigolactones .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Here , we provide evidence that DWARF14 ( D14 ) inhibits rice tillering and may act as a new compo-nent of the strigolactone-dependent branching inhibition pathway .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: In addition , the d14 mutant contained a higher level of 2-epi-5-deoxystrigol than the wild type .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Positional cloning revealed that D14 encodes a protein of the alpha/beta-fold hydrolase superfamily , some members of which play a role in metabolism or signaling of plant hormones .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: We propose that D14 functions downstream of strigolactone synthesis , as a component of hormone signaling or as an enzyme that participates in the conversion of strigolactones to the bioactive form .
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Score: 13.00 |
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| Title: Study of novel d1 alleles , defective mutants of the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G-protein in rice .
| | Author: Oki K Inaba N Kitano H Takahashi S Fujisawa Y Kato H Iwasaki Y | | Journal: Genes Genet Syst Citation: V : 84 P : 35-42 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19420799 Accession (PMID): 19420799 | | Abstract: It has been shown that the disruption of the alpha-subunit gene of heterotorimeric G-proteins ( Galpha ) results in dwarf traits , the erection of leaves and the setting of small seeds in rice .
These mutants are called d1 .
We have studied the expression profiles of the transcripts and translation products of rice Galpha in ten alleles of d1 including five additional alleles newly identified .
By RT-PCR , the transcripts of the Galpha gene were detected in the all d1 alleles .
By western blot , the Galpha proteins were not detected in the plasma membrane fractions of the d1 alleles with the exception of d1-4 .
In d1-4 , one amino acid change in the GTP-binding box A of the Galpha protein was occurred and even in this case the Galpha protein was only just detectable in the plasma membrane fraction .
Given that the Galpha protein did not accumulate in the plasma membrane fraction in d1-8 which has a deletion of just a single amino acid in the Galpha protein , it is likely that a proper conformation of the Galpha is necessary for accumulation of Galpha protein in the plasma membrane .
Nine alleles of d1 showed a severer phenotype whilst d1-4 exhibited a mild phenotype with respect to seed size and elongation pattern of internodes .
As brassinosteroid signaling was known to be partially impaired in d1s , the sensitivity to 24-epibrassinolide ( 24-epiBL ) was compared among d1 alleles in a T65 genetic background .
Only d1-4 showed responses similar to wild type rice .
The results show that the d1-4 mutant is a mild allele in terms of the phenotype and mild hyposensitivity to the exogenously applied 24-epiBL .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: By western blot , the Galpha proteins were not detected in the plasma membrane fractions of the d1 alleles with the exception of d1-4 .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: Nine alleles of d1 showed a severer phenotype whilst d1-4 exhibited a mild phenotype with respect to seed size and elongation pattern of internodes .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 2.00 ]: As brassinosteroid signaling was known to be partially impaired in d1s , the sensitivity to 24-epibrassinolide ( 24-epiBL ) was compared among d1 alleles in a T65 genetic background .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: These mutants are called d1 .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have studied the expression profiles of the transcripts and translation products of rice Galpha in ten alleles of d1 including five additional alleles newly identified .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: By RT-PCR , the transcripts of the Galpha gene were detected in the all d1 alleles .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: In d1-4 , one amino acid change in the GTP-binding box A of the Galpha protein was occurred and even in this case the Galpha protein was only just detectable in the plasma membrane fraction .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Given that the Galpha protein did not accumulate in the plasma membrane fraction in d1-8 which has a deletion of just a single amino acid in the Galpha protein , it is likely that a proper conformation of the Galpha is necessary for accumulation of Galpha protein in the plasma membrane .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Only d1-4 showed responses similar to wild type rice .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results show that the d1-4 mutant is a mild allele in terms of the phenotype and mild hyposensitivity to the exogenously applied 24-epiBL .
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Score: 11.00 |
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| Title: Rice dwarf mutant d1 , which is defective in the alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein , affects gibberellin signal transduction .
| | Author: Ueguchi-Tanaka M Fujisawa Y Kobayashi M Ashikari M Iwasaki Y Kitano H Matsuoka M | | Journal: Proc . Natl . Acad . Sci . USA Citation: V : 97 ( 21 ) P : 11638-43 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11027362 Accession (PMID): 11027362 | | Abstract: Previously , we reported that the rice dwarf mutant , d1 , is defective in the alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein ( Galpha ) .
In the present study , gibberellin ( GA ) signaling in d1 and the role of the Galpha protein in the GA-signaling pathway were investigated .
Compared with the wild type , GA induction of alpha-amylase activity in aleurone cells of d1 was greatly reduced .
Relative to the wild type , the GA ( 3 ) -treated aleurone layer of d1 had lower expression of Ramy1A , which encodes alpha-amylase , and OsGAMYB , which encodes a GA-inducible transcriptional factor , and no increase in expression of Ca ( 2 + ) -ATPase .
However , in the presence of high GA concentrations , alpha-amylase induction occurred even in d1 .
The GA sensitivity of second leaf sheath elongation in d1 was similar to that of the wild type in terms of dose responsiveness , but the response of internode elongation to GA was much lower in d1 .
Furthermore , Os20ox expression was up-regulated , and the GA content was elevated in the stunted internodes of d1 .
All these results suggest that d1 affects a part of the GA-signaling pathway , namely the induction of alpha-amylase in the aleurone layer and internode elongation .
In addition , a double mutant between d1 and another GA-signaling mutant , slr , revealed that SLR is epistatic to the D1 , supporting that the Galpha protein is involved in GA signaling .
However , the data also provide evidence for the presence of an alternative GA-signaling pathway that does not involve the Galpha protein .
It is proposed that GA signaling via the Galpha protein may be more sensitive than that of the alternative pathway , as indicated by the low GA responsiveness of this Galpha-independent pathway . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: The GA sensitivity of second leaf sheath elongation in d1 was similar to that of the wild type in terms of dose responsiveness , but the response of internode elongation to GA was much lower in d1 .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 2.00 ]: In addition , a double mutant between d1 and another GA-signaling mutant , slr , revealed that SLR is epistatic to the D1 , supporting that the Galpha protein is involved in GA signaling .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Previously , we reported that the rice dwarf mutant , d1 , is defective in the alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein ( Galpha ) .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In the present study , gibberellin ( GA ) signaling in d1 and the role of the Galpha protein in the GA-signaling pathway were investigated .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Compared with the wild type , GA induction of alpha-amylase activity in aleurone cells of d1 was greatly reduced .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Relative to the wild type , the GA ( 3 ) -treated aleurone layer of d1 had lower expression of Ramy1A , which encodes alpha-amylase , and OsGAMYB , which encodes a GA-inducible transcriptional factor , and no increase in expression of Ca ( 2 + ) -ATPase .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: However , in the presence of high GA concentrations , alpha-amylase induction occurred even in d1 .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , Os20ox expression was up-regulated , and the GA content was elevated in the stunted internodes of d1 .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: All these results suggest that d1 affects a part of the GA-signaling pathway , namely the induction of alpha-amylase in the aleurone layer and internode elongation .
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Score: 11.00 |
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| Title: The interactions among DWARF10 , auxin and cytokinin underlie lateral bud outgrowth in rice .
| | Author: Zhang S Li G Fang J Chen W Jiang H Zou J Liu X Zhao X Li X Chu C Xie Q Jiang X Zhu L | | Journal: J Integr Plant Biol Citation: V : 52 P : 626-38 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20590993 Accession (PMID): 20590993 | | Abstract: Previous studies have shown that DWARF10 ( D10 ) is a rice ortholog of MAX4/RMS1/DAD1 , encoding a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase and functioning in strigolactones/strigolactone-derivatives ( SL ) biosynthesis .
Here we use D10 RNA interference ( RNAi ) transgenic plants similar to d10 mutant in phenotypes to investigate the interactions among D10 , auxin and cytokinin in regulating rice shoot branching .
Auxin levels in node 1 of both decapitated D10-RNAi and wild type plants decreased significantly , showing that decapitation does reduce endogenous auxin concentration , but decapitation has no clear effects on auxin levels in node 2 of the same plants .
This implies that node 1 may be the location where a possible interaction between auxin and D10 gene would be detected .
D10 expression in node 1 is inhibited by decapitation , and this inhibition can be restored by exogenous auxin application , indicating that D10 may play an important role in auxin regulation of SL .
The decreased expression of most OsPINs in shoot nodes of D10-RNAi plants may cause a reduced auxin transport capacity .
Furthermore , effects of auxin treatment of decapitated plants on the expression of cytokinin biosynthetic genes suggest that D10 promotes cytokinin biosynthesis by reducing auxin levels .
Besides , in D10-RNAi plants , decreased storage cytokinin levels in the shoot node may partly account for the increased active cytokinin contents , resulting in more tillering phenotypes .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 3.00 ]: Here we use D10 RNA interference ( RNAi ) transgenic plants similar to d10 mutant in phenotypes to investigate the interactions among D10 , auxin and cytokinin in regulating rice shoot branching .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: D10 expression in node 1 is inhibited by decapitation , and this inhibition can be restored by exogenous auxin application , indicating that D10 may play an important role in auxin regulation of SL .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Previous studies have shown that DWARF10 ( D10 ) is a rice ortholog of MAX4/RMS1/DAD1 , encoding a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase and functioning in strigolactones/strigolactone-derivatives ( SL ) biosynthesis .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Auxin levels in node 1 of both decapitated D10-RNAi and wild type plants decreased significantly , showing that decapitation does reduce endogenous auxin concentration , but decapitation has no clear effects on auxin levels in node 2 of the same plants .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: This implies that node 1 may be the location where a possible interaction between auxin and D10 gene would be detected .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The decreased expression of most OsPINs in shoot nodes of D10-RNAi plants may cause a reduced auxin transport capacity .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , effects of auxin treatment of decapitated plants on the expression of cytokinin biosynthetic genes suggest that D10 promotes cytokinin biosynthesis by reducing auxin levels .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Besides , in D10-RNAi plants , decreased storage cytokinin levels in the shoot node may partly account for the increased active cytokinin contents , resulting in more tillering phenotypes .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 9.00 |
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| Title: DWARF10 , an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog , controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice .
| | Author: Arite T Iwata H Ohshima K Maekawa M Nakajima M Kojima M Sakakibara H Kyozuka J | | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 51 P : 1019-29 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17655651 Accession (PMID): 17655651 | | Abstract: Plant architecture is mostly determined by shoot branching patterns .
Apical dominance is a well-known control mechanism in the development of branching patterns , but little is known regarding its role in monocots such as rice .
Here , we show that the concept of apical dominance can be applied to tiller bud outgrowth of rice .
In dwarf10 ( d10 ) , an enhanced branching mutant of rice , apical dominance can be observed , but the inhibitory effects of the apical meristem was reduced .
D10 is a rice ortholog of MAX4/RMS1/DAD1 that encodes a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8 and is supposed to be involved in the synthesis of an unidentified inhibitor of shoot branching .
D10 expression predominantly occurs in vascular cells in most organs .
Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that accumulation of D10 mRNA is induced by exogenous auxin .
Moreover , D10 expression is upregulated in six branching mutants , d3 , d10 , d14 , d17 , d27 and high tillering dwarf ( htd1 ) .
No such effects were found for D3 or HTD1 , the MAX2 and MAX3 orthologs , respectively , of rice .
These findings imply that D10 transcription might be a critical step in the regulation of the branching inhibitor pathway .
In addition , we present observations that suggest that FINE CULM1 ( FC1 ) , a rice ortholog of teosinte branched 1 ( tb1 ) , possibly works independently of the branching inhibitor pathway .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 4.00 ]: Moreover , D10 expression is upregulated in six branching mutants , d3 , d10 , d14 , d17 , d27 and high tillering dwarf ( htd1 ) .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: In dwarf10 ( d10 ) , an enhanced branching mutant of rice , apical dominance can be observed , but the inhibitory effects of the apical meristem was reduced .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: D10 is a rice ortholog of MAX4/RMS1/DAD1 that encodes a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8 and is supposed to be involved in the synthesis of an unidentified inhibitor of shoot branching .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: D10 expression predominantly occurs in vascular cells in most organs .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that accumulation of D10 mRNA is induced by exogenous auxin .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: These findings imply that D10 transcription might be a critical step in the regulation of the branching inhibitor pathway .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
