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Score: 12.00 |
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| Title: Transgenic rice expressing Allium sativum leaf agglutinin ( ASAL ) exhibits high-level resistance against major sap-sucking pests .
| | Author: Yarasi B Sadumpati V Immanni CP Vudem DR Khareedu VR | | Journal: BMC Plant Biol Citation: V : 8 P : 102 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18854007 Accession (PMID): 18854007 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Rice ( Oryza sativa ) productivity is adversely impacted by numerous biotic and abiotic factors .
An approximate 52% of the global production of rice is lost annually owing to the damage caused by biotic factors , of which approximately 21% is attributed to the attack of insect pests .
In this paper we report the isolation , cloning and characterization of Allium sativum leaf agglutinin ( asal ) gene , and its expression in elite indica rice cultivars using Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method .
The stable transgenic lines , expressing ASAL , showed explicit resistance against major sap-sucking pests .
RESULTS : Allium sativum leaf lectin gene ( asal ) , coding for mannose binding homodimeric protein ( ASAL ) from garlic plants , has been isolated and introduced into elite indica rice cultivars susceptible to sap-sucking insects , viz . , brown planthopper ( BPH ) , green leafhopper ( GLH ) and whitebacked planthopper ( WBPH ) .
Embryogenic calli of rice were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium harbouring pSB111 super-binary vector comprising garlic lectin gene asal along with the herbicide resistance gene bar , both under the control of CaMV35S promoter .
PCR and Southern blot analyses confirmed stable integration of transgenes into the genomes of rice plants .
Northern and western blot analyses revealed expression of ASAL in different transgenic rice lines .
In primary transformants , the level of ASAL protein , as estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay , varied between 0 . 74% and 1 . 45% of the total soluble proteins .
In planta insect bioassays on transgenic rice lines revealed potent entomotoxic effects of ASAL on BPH , GLH and WBPH insects , as evidenced by significant decreases in the survival , development and fecundity of the insects .
CONCLUSION : In planta insect bioassays were carried out on asal transgenic rice lines employing standard screening techniques followed in conventional breeding for selection of insect resistant plants .
The ASAL expressing rice plants , bestowed with high entomotoxic effects , imparted appreciable resistance against three major sap-sucking insects .
Our results amply demonstrate that transgenic indica rice harbouring asal exhibit surpassing resistance against BPH , GLH and WBPH insects .
The prototypic asal transgenic rice lines appear promising for direct commercial cultivation besides serving as a potential genetic resource in recombination breeding .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: RESULTS : Allium sativum leaf lectin gene ( asal ) , coding for mannose binding homodimeric protein ( ASAL ) from garlic plants , has been isolated and introduced into elite indica rice cultivars susceptible to sap-sucking insects , viz . , brown planthopper ( BPH ) , green leafhopper ( GLH ) and whitebacked planthopper ( WBPH ) .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this paper we report the isolation , cloning and characterization of Allium sativum leaf agglutinin ( asal ) gene , and its expression in elite indica rice cultivars using Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The stable transgenic lines , expressing ASAL , showed explicit resistance against major sap-sucking pests .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Embryogenic calli of rice were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium harbouring pSB111 super-binary vector comprising garlic lectin gene asal along with the herbicide resistance gene bar , both under the control of CaMV35S promoter .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Northern and western blot analyses revealed expression of ASAL in different transgenic rice lines .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: In primary transformants , the level of ASAL protein , as estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay , varied between 0 . 74% and 1 . 45% of the total soluble proteins .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: In planta insect bioassays on transgenic rice lines revealed potent entomotoxic effects of ASAL on BPH , GLH and WBPH insects , as evidenced by significant decreases in the survival , development and fecundity of the insects .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: CONCLUSION : In planta insect bioassays were carried out on asal transgenic rice lines employing standard screening techniques followed in conventional breeding for selection of insect resistant plants .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: The ASAL expressing rice plants , bestowed with high entomotoxic effects , imparted appreciable resistance against three major sap-sucking insects .
[ Sen. 13, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results amply demonstrate that transgenic indica rice harbouring asal exhibit surpassing resistance against BPH , GLH and WBPH insects .
[ Sen. 14, subscore: 1.00 ]: The prototypic asal transgenic rice lines appear promising for direct commercial cultivation besides serving as a potential genetic resource in recombination breeding .
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Score: 10.00 |
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| Title: The decline in ascorbic acid content is associated with cadmium toxicity of rice seedlings .
| | Author: Chao YY Hong CY Kao CH | | Journal: Plant Physiol Biochem Citation: V : 48 P : 374-81 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20144872 Accession (PMID): 20144872 | | Abstract: Cadmium ( Cd ) toxicity of rice ( Oryza sativa L cv .
Taichung Native 1 ) seedlings was evaluated by the decrease in chlorophyll content and the increase in malondialdehyde ( MDA ) in the second leaves of rice seedlings .
CdCl2 ( 5 microM ) treatment was accompanied by a decrease in the contents of ascorbic acid ( AsA ) and AsA + dehydroascorbate ( DHA ) and in the ratios of AsA/DHA in leaves .
However , CdCl2 treatment resulted in an increase in DHA content in leaves .
Moreover , the decrease in AsA content was prior to the occurrence of chlorosis and associated with the increase in MDA content in the leaves of seedlings treated with Cd .
Pretreatment with 0 . 5 mM AsA or L-galactono-1 , 4-lactone ( GalL ) , the biosynthetic precursor of AsA , for 6 h resulted in an increase in the contents of AsA and reduced glutathione ( GSH ) , the ratios of AsA/DHA and GSH/oxidized glutathione , and the activities of ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ) and glutathione reductase ( GR ) in the leaves of rice seedlings .
Quantitative RT-PCR was applied to quantify the mRNA levels for OsAPX and OsGR genes from rice leaves to examine the effect of AsA or GalL pretreatment on the expression of OsAPX and OsGR genes in rice leaves .
The expression of OsAPX2 , OsAPX3 , OsAPX4 , OsAPX5 , OsAPX6 , OsAPX7 , and OsGR1 was increased by AsA or GalL pretreatment .
Rice seedlings pretreated with AsA or GalL were observed to reduce the subsequent Cd-induced toxicity .
Our results suggest that AsA content may play a role in regulating Cd toxicity of rice seedlings .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 3.00 ]: Pretreatment with 0 . 5 mM AsA or L-galactono-1 , 4-lactone ( GalL ) , the biosynthetic precursor of AsA , for 6 h resulted in an increase in the contents of AsA and reduced glutathione ( GSH ) , the ratios of AsA/DHA and GSH/oxidized glutathione , and the activities of ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ) and glutathione reductase ( GR ) in the leaves of rice seedlings .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: CdCl2 ( 5 microM ) treatment was accompanied by a decrease in the contents of ascorbic acid ( AsA ) and AsA + dehydroascorbate ( DHA ) and in the ratios of AsA/DHA in leaves .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Moreover , the decrease in AsA content was prior to the occurrence of chlorosis and associated with the increase in MDA content in the leaves of seedlings treated with Cd .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Quantitative RT-PCR was applied to quantify the mRNA levels for OsAPX and OsGR genes from rice leaves to examine the effect of AsA or GalL pretreatment on the expression of OsAPX and OsGR genes in rice leaves .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The expression of OsAPX2 , OsAPX3 , OsAPX4 , OsAPX5 , OsAPX6 , OsAPX7 , and OsGR1 was increased by AsA or GalL pretreatment .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice seedlings pretreated with AsA or GalL were observed to reduce the subsequent Cd-induced toxicity .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Our results suggest that AsA content may play a role in regulating Cd toxicity of rice seedlings .
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Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: Effect of intermediates on ascorbic acid and oxalate biosynthesis of rice and in relation to its stress resistance .
| | Author: Guo Z Tan H Zhu Z Lu S Zhou B | | Journal: Plant Physiol . Biochem . Citation: V : 43 ( 10-11 ) P : 955-62 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16310370 Accession (PMID): 16310370 | | Abstract: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) roots were fed with L-ascorbic acid ( AsA ) and its putative precursors to observe AsA and oxalate concentrations and the resistance of rice to chilling , water stress , and Al toxicity .
AsA concentration was significantly enhanced in both shoots and roots of rice seedlings by feeding with D-glucose or L-galactono-gamma-lactone .
AsA or L-galactono-gamma-lactone treatment increased accumulation of oxalate mainly in soluble form , while these treatments decreased electrolyte leakage from root cells , H2O2 and lipid peroxidation level in rice seedlings subjected to chilling , water stress , and Al toxicity .
They also alleviated the inhibition on root growth by Al These results indicated that AsA and its immediate precursor protected plants against the oxidative damages induced by various stresses .
However , 0 . 5 mM AsA and 10 mM L-galactono-gamma-lactone treatment had no significant effect on superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and ascorbate-peroxidase activities .
Enhanced Al resistance caused by AsA and L-galactono-gamma-lactone may possibly be resulted from increased level of oxalate , which acts as metal chelator .
Thus it is proposed that manipulation of AsA and oxalate biosynthesis through enhancement of L-galactono-gamma-lactone level in plants could be a strategy for improving abiotic stress tolerance . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) roots were fed with L-ascorbic acid ( AsA ) and its putative precursors to observe AsA and oxalate concentrations and the resistance of rice to chilling , water stress , and Al toxicity .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: AsA concentration was significantly enhanced in both shoots and roots of rice seedlings by feeding with D-glucose or L-galactono-gamma-lactone .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: AsA or L-galactono-gamma-lactone treatment increased accumulation of oxalate mainly in soluble form , while these treatments decreased electrolyte leakage from root cells , H2O2 and lipid peroxidation level in rice seedlings subjected to chilling , water stress , and Al toxicity .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: They also alleviated the inhibition on root growth by Al These results indicated that AsA and its immediate precursor protected plants against the oxidative damages induced by various stresses .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: However , 0 . 5 mM AsA and 10 mM L-galactono-gamma-lactone treatment had no significant effect on superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and ascorbate-peroxidase activities .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Enhanced Al resistance caused by AsA and L-galactono-gamma-lactone may possibly be resulted from increased level of oxalate , which acts as metal chelator .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Thus it is proposed that manipulation of AsA and oxalate biosynthesis through enhancement of L-galactono-gamma-lactone level in plants could be a strategy for improving abiotic stress tolerance .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: A novel approach for developing resistance in rice against phloem limited viruses by antagonizing the phloem feeding hemipteran vectors .
| | Author: Saha P Dasgupta I Das S | | Journal: Plant Mol . Biol . Citation: V : 62 ( 4-5 ) P : 735-52 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16941213 Accession (PMID): 16941213 | | Abstract: Rice production is known to be severely affected by virus transmitting rice pests , brown planthopper ( BPH ) and green leafhopper ( GLH ) of the order hemiptera , feeding by phloem abstraction .
ASAL , a novel lectin from leaves of garlic ( Allium sativum ) was previously demonstrated to be toxic towards hemipteran pests when administered in artificial diet as well as in ASAL expressing transgenic plants .
In this report ASAL was targeted under the control of phloem-specific Agrobacterium rolC and rice sucrose synthase-1 ( RSs1 ) promoters at the insect feeding site into popular rice cultivar , susceptible to hemipteran pests .
PCR , Southern blot and C-PRINS analyses of transgenic plants have confirmed stable T-DNA integration and the transgenes were co-segregated among self-fertilized progenies .
The T ( 0 ) and T ( 1 ) plants , harbouring single copy of intact T-DNA expression cassette , exhibit stable expression of ASAL in northern and western blot analyses .
ELISA showed that the level of expressed ASAL was as high as 1 . 01% of total soluble protein .
Immunohistofluorescence localization of ASAL depicted the expected expression patterns regulated by each promoter type .
In-planta bioassay studies revealed that transgenic ASAL adversely affect survival , growth and population of BPH and GLH .
GLH resistant T ( 1 ) plants were further evaluated for the incidence of tungro disease , caused by co-infection of GLH vectored Rice tungro bacilliform virus ( RTBV ) and Rice tungro spherical virus ( RTSV ) , which appeared to be dramatically reduced .
The result presented here is the first report of such GLH mediated resistance to infection by RTBV/RTSV in ASAL expressing transgenic rice plant . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: ASAL , a novel lectin from leaves of garlic ( Allium sativum ) was previously demonstrated to be toxic towards hemipteran pests when administered in artificial diet as well as in ASAL expressing transgenic plants .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this report ASAL was targeted under the control of phloem-specific Agrobacterium rolC and rice sucrose synthase-1 ( RSs1 ) promoters at the insect feeding site into popular rice cultivar , susceptible to hemipteran pests .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The T ( 0 ) and T ( 1 ) plants , harbouring single copy of intact T-DNA expression cassette , exhibit stable expression of ASAL in northern and western blot analyses .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: ELISA showed that the level of expressed ASAL was as high as 1 . 01% of total soluble protein .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Immunohistofluorescence localization of ASAL depicted the expected expression patterns regulated by each promoter type .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: In-planta bioassay studies revealed that transgenic ASAL adversely affect survival , growth and population of BPH and GLH .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: The result presented here is the first report of such GLH mediated resistance to infection by RTBV/RTSV in ASAL expressing transgenic rice plant .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: Transgenic rice expressing Allium sativum leaf lectin with enhanced resistance against sap-sucking insect pests .
| | Author: Saha P Majumder P Dutta I Ray T Roy SC Das S | | Journal: Planta Citation: V : 223 ( 6 ) P : 1329-43 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16404581 Accession (PMID): 16404581 | | Abstract: Mannose binding Allium sativum leaf agglutinin ( ASAL ) has been shown to be antifeedant and insecticidal against sap-sucking insects .
In the present investigation , ASAL coding sequence was expressed under the control of CaMV35S promoter in a chimeric gene cassette containing plant selection marker , hpt and gusA reporter gene of pCAMBIA1301 binary vector in an elite indica rice cv .
IR64 .
Many fertile transgenic plants were generated using scutellar calli as initial explants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation technology .
GUS activity was observed in selected calli and in mature plants .
Transformation frequency was calculated to be approximately 12 . 1%+/-0 . 351 ( mean +/- SE ) .
Southern blot analyses revealed the integration of ASAL gene into rice genome with a predominant single copy insertion .
Transgene localization was detected on chromosomes of transformed plants using PRINS and C-PRINS techniques .
Northern and western blot analyses determined the expression of transgene in transformed lines .
ELISA analyses estimated ASAL expression up to 0 . 72 and 0 . 67% of total soluble protein in T0 and T1 plants , respectively .
Survival and fecundity of brown planthopper and green leafhopper were reduced to 36% ( P < 0 . 01 ) , 32% ( P < 0 . 05 ) and 40 . 5 , 29 . 5% ( P < 0 . 001 ) , respectively , when tested on selected plants in comparison to control plants .
Specific binding of expressed ASAL to receptor proteins of insect gut was analysed .
Analysis of T1 progenies confirmed the inheritance of the transgenes .
Thus , ASAL promises to be a potential component in insect resistance rice breeding programme . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Mannose binding Allium sativum leaf agglutinin ( ASAL ) has been shown to be antifeedant and insecticidal against sap-sucking insects .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In the present investigation , ASAL coding sequence was expressed under the control of CaMV35S promoter in a chimeric gene cassette containing plant selection marker , hpt and gusA reporter gene of pCAMBIA1301 binary vector in an elite indica rice cv .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Southern blot analyses revealed the integration of ASAL gene into rice genome with a predominant single copy insertion .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: ELISA analyses estimated ASAL expression up to 0 . 72 and 0 . 67% of total soluble protein in T0 and T1 plants , respectively .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: Specific binding of expressed ASAL to receptor proteins of insect gut was analysed .
[ Sen. 14, subscore: 1.00 ]: Thus , ASAL promises to be a potential component in insect resistance rice breeding programme .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
