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Score: 16.00 |
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| Title: Iron status and dietary intake of Chinese pregnant women with anaemia in the third trimester .
| | Author: Ma A Chen X Zheng M Wang Y Xu R Li J | | Journal: Citation: V : 11 ( 3 ) P : 171-5 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12230229 Accession (PMID): 12230229 | | Abstract: Anaemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem in China .
Anaemia in pregnant women may be related to dietary intake of nutrients .
To examine the relationship between iron status and dietary nutrients , a cross-sectional study in pregnant women was carried out .
The intake of foods and food ingredients were surveyed by using 24-h dietary recall .
Blood haemoglobin , haematocrit , serum iron , serum ferritin , transferrin and soluble transferrin receptor were measured in 1189 clinically normal pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy .
The results showed that the average daily intake of rice and wheat was 504 . 2 g in the anaemia group and 468 . 6 g in the normal group .
Carbohydrates accounted for 63 . 69% and 63 . 09% of energy in the anaemia and normal groups , respectively .
Intake of fat was very low ; 18 . 38% of energy in anaemia group and 19 . 23% of energy in normal group .
Soybean intake was 109 . 4 g/day and 63 . 6 g/day in the anaemia and normal groups , respectively ( P < 0 . 001 ) .
There were lower intakes of green vegetables ( 172 . 1 g/day ) and fruits ( 154 . 9 g/day ) in the anaemia group than in the normal group ( 246 . 2 g/day green vegetables ( P < 0 . 001 ) and 196 . 4 g/day fruit ( P < 0 . 001 ) ) .
Intakes of retinol and ascorbic acid were much lower in the anaemia than in the normal group ( P < 0 . 001 ) .
In the anaemia group , vitamin A intake was only 54 . 76% of the Chinese recommended daily allowance ( RDA ) and ascorbic acid intake was 53 . 35% of the Chinese RDA .
Intake of total vitamin E was 14 . 55 mg/day in the anaemia group compared with 17 . 35 mg/day in the normal group ( P < 0 . 016 ) .
Moreover , intake of iron in pregnant women with anaemia was slightly lower than that in the normal group .
Comparison of iron status between the anaemia and normal groups found serum iron in women with anaemia at 0 . 89 microg/L , which was significantly lower than 1 . 09 microg/L in the normal group ( P < 0 . 001 ) .
There were lower average values of ferritin ( 14 . 70 ) microg/L ) and transferrin ( 3 . 34 g/L ) in the anaemia group than in the normal group ( 20 . 40 microg/L ferritin ( P < 0 . 001 ) and 3 . 44 g/L transferrin ( P < 0 . 001 ) ) .
Soluble transferrin receptor was significantly higher ( 32 . 90 nmol/L ) in the anaemia than in the normal group ( 23 . 58 nmol/L ; P < 0 . 001 ) .
The results of this study indicate that anaemia might be attributed to a low iron intake , a low intake of enhancers of iron absorption and a high intake of inhibitors of iron absorption from a traditional Chinese diet rich in grains .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 15, subscore: 2.00 ]: Comparison of iron status between the anaemia and normal groups found serum iron in women with anaemia at 0 . 89 microg/L , which was significantly lower than 1 . 09 microg/L in the normal group ( P < 0 . 001 ) .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Anaemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem in China .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Anaemia in pregnant women may be related to dietary intake of nutrients .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results showed that the average daily intake of rice and wheat was 504 . 2 g in the anaemia group and 468 . 6 g in the normal group .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Carbohydrates accounted for 63 . 69% and 63 . 09% of energy in the anaemia and normal groups , respectively .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Intake of fat was very low ; 18 . 38% of energy in anaemia group and 19 . 23% of energy in normal group .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Soybean intake was 109 . 4 g/day and 63 . 6 g/day in the anaemia and normal groups , respectively ( P < 0 . 001 ) .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: There were lower intakes of green vegetables ( 172 . 1 g/day ) and fruits ( 154 . 9 g/day ) in the anaemia group than in the normal group ( 246 . 2 g/day green vegetables ( P < 0 . 001 ) and 196 . 4 g/day fruit ( P < 0 . 001 ) ) .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Intakes of retinol and ascorbic acid were much lower in the anaemia than in the normal group ( P < 0 . 001 ) .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: In the anaemia group , vitamin A intake was only 54 . 76% of the Chinese recommended daily allowance ( RDA ) and ascorbic acid intake was 53 . 35% of the Chinese RDA .
[ Sen. 13, subscore: 1.00 ]: Intake of total vitamin E was 14 . 55 mg/day in the anaemia group compared with 17 . 35 mg/day in the normal group ( P < 0 . 016 ) .
[ Sen. 14, subscore: 1.00 ]: Moreover , intake of iron in pregnant women with anaemia was slightly lower than that in the normal group .
[ Sen. 16, subscore: 1.00 ]: There were lower average values of ferritin ( 14 . 70 ) microg/L ) and transferrin ( 3 . 34 g/L ) in the anaemia group than in the normal group ( 20 . 40 microg/L ferritin ( P < 0 . 001 ) and 3 . 44 g/L transferrin ( P < 0 . 001 ) ) .
[ Sen. 17, subscore: 1.00 ]: Soluble transferrin receptor was significantly higher ( 32 . 90 nmol/L ) in the anaemia than in the normal group ( 23 . 58 nmol/L ; P < 0 . 001 ) .
[ Sen. 18, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results of this study indicate that anaemia might be attributed to a low iron intake , a low intake of enhancers of iron absorption and a high intake of inhibitors of iron absorption from a traditional Chinese diet rich in grains .
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Score: 13.00 |
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| Title: Endocannabinoids and pain : spinal and peripheral analgesia in inflammation and neuropathy .
| | Author: Rice AS Farquhar-Smith WP Nagy I | | Journal: Prostaglandins Leukot . Essent . Fatty Acids Citation: V : 66 ( 2-3 ) P : 243-56 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12052040 Accession (PMID): 12052040 | | Abstract: Analgesia is an important physiological function of the endocannabinoid system and one of significant clinical relevance .
This review discusses the analgesic effects of endocannabinoids at spinal and peripheral levels , firstly by describing the physiological framework for analgesia and secondly by reviewing the evidence for analgesic effects of endocannabinoids obtained using animal models of clinical pain conditions . In the spinal cord , CB ( 1 ) receptors have been demonstrated in laminae of the dorsal horn intimately concerned with the processing of nociceptive information and the modulation thereof .
Similarly , CB ( 1 ) receptors have been demonstrated on the cell bodies of primary afferent neurones ; however , the exact phenotype of cells which express this receptor requires further elucidation .
Local administration , peptide release and electrophysiological studies support the concept of spinally mediated endocannabinoid-induced analgesia .
Whilst a proportion of the peripheral analgesic effect of endocannabinoids can be attributed to a neuronal mechanism acting through CB ( 1 ) receptors expressed by primary afferent neurones , the antiinflammatory actions of endocannabinoids , mediated through CB ( 2 ) receptors , also appears to contribute to local analgesic effects .
Possible mechanisms of this CB ( 2 ) -mediated effect include the attenuation of NGF-induced mast cell degranulation and of neutrophil accumulation , both of which are processes known to contribute to the generation of inflammatory hyperalgesia . The analgesic effects of cannabinoids have been demonstrated in models of somatic and visceral inflammatory pain and of neuropathic pain , the latter being an important area of therapeutic need . Analgesia is one of the principal therapeutic targets of cannabinoids .
This review will discuss the analgesic effects of endocannabinoids in relation to two areas of therapeutic need , persistent inflammation and neuropathic pain .
The more general aspects of the role of cannabinoids , endogenous and exogenous , in analgesia have been recently reviewed elsewhere ( Rice , Curr Opi Invest Drugs 2001 ; 2 : 399-414 ; Pertwee , Prog Neurobil 2001 ; 63 : 569-611 ; Rice , Mackie , In : Evers A S , ed .
Anesthetic Pharmacology : Physiologic Principles and Clinical Practice .
St Louis : Harcourt Health Sciences , 2002 ) .
Since a major goal in the development of cannabinoid-based analgesics is to divorce the antinociceptive effects from the psychotrophic effects , the discussion will focus on the antinociceptive effects produced at the spinal cord and/or peripheral level as these areas are the most attractive targets in this regard .
A mechanistic discussion of the "framework" for analgesia will be followed by a description of studies examining the role of endocannabinoids in relieving pain ; since the elucidation of these effects was undertaken using synthetic cannabinoids , reference will also be made to such studies , in the context of endocannabinoids .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 3.00 ]: This review discusses the analgesic effects of endocannabinoids at spinal and peripheral levels , firstly by describing the physiological framework for analgesia and secondly by reviewing the evidence for analgesic effects of endocannabinoids obtained using animal models of clinical pain conditions . In the spinal cord , CB ( 1 ) receptors have been demonstrated in laminae of the dorsal horn intimately concerned with the processing of nociceptive information and the modulation thereof .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: Whilst a proportion of the peripheral analgesic effect of endocannabinoids can be attributed to a neuronal mechanism acting through CB ( 1 ) receptors expressed by primary afferent neurones , the antiinflammatory actions of endocannabinoids , mediated through CB ( 2 ) receptors , also appears to contribute to local analgesic effects .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: Possible mechanisms of this CB ( 2 ) -mediated effect include the attenuation of NGF-induced mast cell degranulation and of neutrophil accumulation , both of which are processes known to contribute to the generation of inflammatory hyperalgesia . The analgesic effects of cannabinoids have been demonstrated in models of somatic and visceral inflammatory pain and of neuropathic pain , the latter being an important area of therapeutic need . Analgesia is one of the principal therapeutic targets of cannabinoids .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Analgesia is an important physiological function of the endocannabinoid system and one of significant clinical relevance .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Local administration , peptide release and electrophysiological studies support the concept of spinally mediated endocannabinoid-induced analgesia .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: This review will discuss the analgesic effects of endocannabinoids in relation to two areas of therapeutic need , persistent inflammation and neuropathic pain .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The more general aspects of the role of cannabinoids , endogenous and exogenous , in analgesia have been recently reviewed elsewhere ( Rice , Curr Opi Invest Drugs 2001 ; 2 : 399-414 ; Pertwee , Prog Neurobil 2001 ; 63 : 569-611 ; Rice , Mackie , In : Evers A S , ed .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Since a major goal in the development of cannabinoid-based analgesics is to divorce the antinociceptive effects from the psychotrophic effects , the discussion will focus on the antinociceptive effects produced at the spinal cord and/or peripheral level as these areas are the most attractive targets in this regard .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: A mechanistic discussion of the "framework" for analgesia will be followed by a description of studies examining the role of endocannabinoids in relieving pain ; since the elucidation of these effects was undertaken using synthetic cannabinoids , reference will also be made to such studies , in the context of endocannabinoids .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 12.00 |
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| Title: Constitutive and Inducible Aerobic and Anaerobic Stress Proteins in the Echinochloa Complex and Rice .
| | Author: Mujer CV Rumpho ME Lin JJ Kennedy RA .
| | Journal: Citation: V : 101 ( 1 ) P : 217-226 Year: 1993 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12231678 Accession (PMID): 12231678 | | Abstract: Anaerobic stress resulted in a change in the protein accumulation patterns in shoots of several Echinochloa ( barnyard grass ) species and Oryza sativa ( L ) ( rice ) as resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis .
Of the six Echinochloa species investigated , E phyllopogon ( Stev . ) Koss , E muricata ( Beauv . ) Fern , E oryzoides ( Ard . ) Fritsch Clayton , and E crus-galli ( L ) Beauv . are tolerant of anaerobiosis and germinate in the absence of oxygen , as does rice .
In contrast , E crus-pavonis ( HBK ) Schult and E colonum ( L ) Link are intolerant and do not germinate without oxygen .
Computer analysis of the protein patterns from the four tolerant species and rice indicated that the anaerobic response is of five classes : class 1 proteins , enhanced under anaerobiosis ( 9 to 13 polypeptides ranging from 16-68 kD ) ; class 2 proteins , unique to anaerobiosis ( 1 to 5 polypeptides ranging from 17-69 kD ) ; class 3 proteins , remained constant under aerobiosis and anaerobiosis ; class 4 proteins , prominent only in air and repressed under anoxia ( 3 to 7 polypeptides ranging from 19-45 kD ) ; and class 5 proteins , unique to aerobiosis ( 1 to 4 polypeptides ranging from 18-63 kD ) .
In the intolerant species , E colonum and E crus-pavonis , no polypeptides were enhanced or repressed under anoxia ( class 1 and class 4 , respectively ) , whereas in the tolerant Echinochloa species and rice , a total of at least 9 to 13 anaerobic stress proteins and 4 to 7 "aerobic" proteins were noted .
Immunoblotting identified two of the major anaerobic stress proteins as fructose-1 , 6-bisphosphate aldolase and pyruvate decarboxylase .
Based on the differential response of the intolerant species to anaerobiosis , we suggest that another set of genes , whose products may not necessarily be among the major anaerobic stress polypeptides , might confer tolerance in Echinochloa under prolonged anaerobic stress . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 5.00 ]: Computer analysis of the protein patterns from the four tolerant species and rice indicated that the anaerobic response is of five classes : class 1 proteins , enhanced under anaerobiosis ( 9 to 13 polypeptides ranging from 16-68 kD ) ; class 2 proteins , unique to anaerobiosis ( 1 to 5 polypeptides ranging from 17-69 kD ) ; class 3 proteins , remained constant under aerobiosis and anaerobiosis ; class 4 proteins , prominent only in air and repressed under anoxia ( 3 to 7 polypeptides ranging from 19-45 kD ) ; and class 5 proteins , unique to aerobiosis ( 1 to 4 polypeptides ranging from 18-63 kD ) .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 3.00 ]: Based on the differential response of the intolerant species to anaerobiosis , we suggest that another set of genes , whose products may not necessarily be among the major anaerobic stress polypeptides , might confer tolerance in Echinochloa under prolonged anaerobic stress .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Anaerobic stress resulted in a change in the protein accumulation patterns in shoots of several Echinochloa ( barnyard grass ) species and Oryza sativa ( L ) ( rice ) as resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Of the six Echinochloa species investigated , E phyllopogon ( Stev . ) Koss , E muricata ( Beauv . ) Fern , E oryzoides ( Ard . ) Fritsch Clayton , and E crus-galli ( L ) Beauv . are tolerant of anaerobiosis and germinate in the absence of oxygen , as does rice .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In the intolerant species , E colonum and E crus-pavonis , no polypeptides were enhanced or repressed under anoxia ( class 1 and class 4 , respectively ) , whereas in the tolerant Echinochloa species and rice , a total of at least 9 to 13 anaerobic stress proteins and 4 to 7 "aerobic" proteins were noted .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Immunoblotting identified two of the major anaerobic stress proteins as fructose-1 , 6-bisphosphate aldolase and pyruvate decarboxylase .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 12.00 |
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| Title: Characterization of ambient air quality during a rice straw burning episode .
| | Author: Tai-Yi Y | | Journal: J Environ Monit Citation: V : 14 P : 817-29 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22245854 Accession (PMID): 22245854 | | Abstract: Spatiotemporal characteristics and impact of ambient air-quality attributed to open burning of rice straw were analyzed and estimated with measured data .
Two multivariate analytic methods , factor analysis and cluster analysis , were adopted to analyze the temporal and spatial impact on ambient air-quality during the rice straw burning episode .
Temporal features of three scenarios were cited to compare the concentrations for ambient air-quality between the rice straw burning episode and non-episodes over two typical stations by factor analysis .
Factor analysis demonstrated that the first rotational component , identified as being highly correlated to the open burning of rice straw , accounts for about 40% of the concentration variance for ambient air-quality .
In typical air-quality stations , the average hourly incremental concentrations between the episode and non-episodes were greater than 300 mug m ( -3 ) for PM ( 10 ) , 1 . 0 ppm for CO and 35 ppb for NO ( 2 ) during the impact of rice straw burning .
Factor analysis presented that the first rotated component was highly correlated with several primary pollutants ( NO ( 2 ) , NMHC , PM ( 10 ) and CO ) during the rice straw burning episode , while every component was only highly correlated with a unique air pollutant during non-episodes .
The delineation isopleths indicated that factor analysis could serve as a better method than cluster analysis and provides cross-county cooperation for local governments located in the same separated district during the rice straw burning season .
The results of factor analysis revealed that CO is the best index to demonstrate the impact of rice straw burning than the other six air pollutants measured during the episode .
Backward trajectory analysis supplied a cause-effect relationship between measured stations and specific rice planted regions during the rice straw burning episode .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 4.00 ]: Two multivariate analytic methods , factor analysis and cluster analysis , were adopted to analyze the temporal and spatial impact on ambient air-quality during the rice straw burning episode .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: The delineation isopleths indicated that factor analysis could serve as a better method than cluster analysis and provides cross-county cooperation for local governments located in the same separated district during the rice straw burning season .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Spatiotemporal characteristics and impact of ambient air-quality attributed to open burning of rice straw were analyzed and estimated with measured data .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Temporal features of three scenarios were cited to compare the concentrations for ambient air-quality between the rice straw burning episode and non-episodes over two typical stations by factor analysis .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Factor analysis demonstrated that the first rotational component , identified as being highly correlated to the open burning of rice straw , accounts for about 40% of the concentration variance for ambient air-quality .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Factor analysis presented that the first rotated component was highly correlated with several primary pollutants ( NO ( 2 ) , NMHC , PM ( 10 ) and CO ) during the rice straw burning episode , while every component was only highly correlated with a unique air pollutant during non-episodes .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results of factor analysis revealed that CO is the best index to demonstrate the impact of rice straw burning than the other six air pollutants measured during the episode .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Backward trajectory analysis supplied a cause-effect relationship between measured stations and specific rice planted regions during the rice straw burning episode .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 11.00 |
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| Title: Anaconda , a new class of transposon belonging to the Mu superfamily , has diversified by acquiring host genes during rice evolution .
| | Author: Ohtsu K Hirano HY Tsutsumi N Hirai A Nakazono M | | Journal: Mol . Genet . Genomics Citation: V : 274 ( 6 ) P : 606-15 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16208489 Accession (PMID): 16208489 | | Abstract: A new type of transposon , named Anaconda ( Anac ) has been found in rice ( Oryza sativa ) .
In this paper , we demonstrate that Anaconda elements have diversified by acquisition of host cellular genes , amplification of the elements , and substitution and deletion of short segments .
We identified four Anaconda elements in studies of rice alternative oxidase ( AOX ) genes , and subsequently isolated an additional 23 elements based on the identity of their terminal inverted repeats ( TIRs ) .
The Anaconda elements have long TIRs ( 114-458 bp ) .
They also have direct repeats of 9 or 10 bp in their flanking regions that are thought to have been generated upon transposition .
These structural features reveal that the Anaconda elements belong to the Mu superfamily .
The most prominent feature of the Anaconda elements is the high frequency with which they have acquired host cellular genes .
Of the 27 elements found here , 19 appear to have sequences presumably derived from rice genes , for example , the genes for AOX1c ( four elements ) , cytochrome P450 ( five elements ) , L : -asparaginase ( five elements ) , and PCF8 ( two elements ) .
Four elements , AnacA1-A4 , have both the AOX1c and P450 genes .
One element , AnacB14 , involves a gene similar to mudrA of maize MuDR .
Database analyses revealed that the loci of 26 of the 27 Anaconda elements in the subspecies japonica are the same as those in the subspecies indica .
This suggests that these elements were incorporated before the divergence of these two subspecies . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: A new type of transposon , named Anaconda ( Anac ) has been found in rice ( Oryza sativa ) .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 2.00 ]: Database analyses revealed that the loci of 26 of the 27 Anaconda elements in the subspecies japonica are the same as those in the subspecies indica .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this paper , we demonstrate that Anaconda elements have diversified by acquisition of host cellular genes , amplification of the elements , and substitution and deletion of short segments .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: We identified four Anaconda elements in studies of rice alternative oxidase ( AOX ) genes , and subsequently isolated an additional 23 elements based on the identity of their terminal inverted repeats ( TIRs ) .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The Anaconda elements have long TIRs ( 114-458 bp ) .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: These structural features reveal that the Anaconda elements belong to the Mu superfamily .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The most prominent feature of the Anaconda elements is the high frequency with which they have acquired host cellular genes .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Four elements , AnacA1-A4 , have both the AOX1c and P450 genes .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: One element , AnacB14 , involves a gene similar to mudrA of maize MuDR .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
