| 27 matches found in 19 documents. Search time: 0.03 seconds. |
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| Title: Laboratory and field studies on the effect of molinate , clomazone , and thiobencarb on nontarget aquatic invertebrates .
| | Author: Burdett AS Stevens MM Macmillan DL .
| | Journal: Environ . Toxicol . Chem . Citation: V : 20 ( 10 ) P : 2229-36 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11596755 Accession (PMID): 11596755 | | Abstract: The midge Chironomus tepperi was used in laboratory experiments to assess the relative toxicity of formulated molinate , clomazone , and thiobencarb , three herbicides used in Australian rice crops .
Static bioassays were initiated with first-instar larvae at herbicide concentrations between 0 . 0625 and 2 times the anticipated field concentrations ( AFCs ) expected from the registered application rates .
Adult emergence success , development time , and wing length were used as indices of the effect of each herbicide .
Clomazone had no effect on any parameters at concentrations up to 0 . 288 mg/L ( p > 0 . 05 ) .
Molinate significantly increased development time at concentrations equivalent to the AFC ( 3 . 6 mg/L ) and above ( p < 0 . 05 ) .
Thiobencarb reduced emergence success of adult C tepperi at 0 . 0625 times the AFC ( 0 . 1875 mg/L ) as well as decreasing male adult size and increasing development time for males and females at 0 . 125 times the AFC ( p < 0 . 05 ) .
Nontarget effects of the herbicides on aquatic invertebrate communities were assessed in shallow experimental ponds using commercial application rates .
One week after treatment , only thiobencarb had a significant effect , suppressing populations of chironomids , calanoids , and cyclopoids ( p < 0 . 05 ) .
Four weeks later , all populations had recovered , equaling or exceeding control densities .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: One week after treatment , only thiobencarb had a significant effect , suppressing populations of chironomids , calanoids , and cyclopoids ( p < 0 . 05 ) .
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| Title: Traditional production , consumption and storage of Kunu--a non alcoholic cereal beverage .
| | Author: Gaffa T Jideani IA Nkama I | | Journal: Citation: V : 57 ( 1 ) P : 73-81 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11855622 Accession (PMID): 11855622 | | Abstract: A survey of the production , consumption and storage of Kunu was carried out .
Some of the information included consumption rate , processing techniques and equipment , producers status and grains used .
About 73% consume Kunu daily , 26% occasionally ; 1% know it is produced but may or may not be consuming it .
Millet ( Pennisetum typhoideum ) , sorghum ( Sorghum vulgare ) , maize ( Zea mays ) , rice ( Oryza sativa ) and acha ( Digitalis exilis ) were used in its production in decreasing order of preference .
The grains were used singly or combined ; sorghum/millet was the most common combination in a ratio of 1 : 2 ( w/w ) .
Steeping was done in ordinary water for 12-72 h , depending on the grain type , in local clay pots , plastic buckets , calabashes or basins or 5-7 h in warm water ( 60-70 degrees C ) .
The grains were dry or wet milled with or without spices such as ginger , red pepper , black pepper , clove and garlic .
Other ingredients introduced included : sweet potatoes , malted rice , malted sorghum and Cadaba farinosa crude extract .
Both dry and wet milling was done with grinding mills , mill stones or mortar and pestle , depending on locality .
The product was then cooked into a thin free flowing gruel .
The various types of kunu were : Kunun zaki , Kunun gyada , Kunun akamu , Kunun tsamiya , Kunun baule , Kunun jiko , Amshau and Kunun gayamba .
Kunun zaki was the most commonly consumed .
Production and consumption cut across all social classes of the society . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Steeping was done in ordinary water for 12-72 h , depending on the grain type , in local clay pots , plastic buckets , calabashes or basins or 5-7 h in warm water ( 60-70 degrees C ) .
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| Title: Arsenic groundwater contamination and sufferings of people in North 24-Parganas , one of the nine arsenic affected districts of West Bengal , India .
| | Author: Rahman MM Mandal BK Chowdhury TR Sengupta MK Chowdhury UK Lodh D Chanda CR Basu GK Mukherjee SC Saha KC Chakraborti D | | Journal: Citation: V : 38 ( 1 ) P : 25-59 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12635818 Accession (PMID): 12635818 | | Abstract: To understand the magnitude of the arsenic calamity in West Bengal , a detailed study spanning 7 years was made in North 24-Parganas , one of the nine arsenic affected districts .
Area and population of North 24-Parganas district are 4093 . 82 sq . km and 7 . 3 million , respectively .
Fourty eight thousand and thirty water samples were analyzed from hand tubewells of North 24-Parganas in use for drinking , cooking and 29 . 2% of the tubewells were found to have arsenic above 50 microg/L , the maximum permissible limit of World Health Organization ( WHO ) and 52 . 8% have arsenic above 10 microg/L , WHO recommended value of arsenic in drinking water .
Out of the 22 blocks of North 24-Parganas , in 20 blocks arsenic has been found above the maximum permissible limit and so far in 16 blocks people have been identified as suffering from arsenical skin lesions .
From the generated data , it is estimated that about 2 . 0 million and 1 . 0 million people are drinking arsenic contaminated water above 10 microg/L and 50 microg/L level , respectively in North 24-Parganas alone .
So far , in our preliminary study 33 , 000 people have been examined at random from arsenic affected villages in North 24-Parganas and 2274 people have been registered with arsenical skin lesions .
Extrapolation of the available data indicates about 0 . 1 million people may be suffering from arsenical skin lesions from North 24-Parganas alone .
A sum of 21 , 000 hair , nail , and urine samples analyses from arsenic affected villages show 56% , 80% , and 87% people have arsenic in biological specimen more than normal/toxic ( hair ) level , respectively .
Thus , many may be subclinically affected .
Due to use of arsenic contaminated groundwater for agricultural irrigation , rice and vegetable are getting arsenic contaminated .
Hence there is an additional arsenic burden from food chain .
People from arsenic affected villages are also suffering from arsenical neuropathy .
A followup study indicates that many of the victims suffering from severe arsenical skin lesions for several years are now suffering from cancer or have already died of cancer .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: To understand the magnitude of the arsenic calamity in West Bengal , a detailed study spanning 7 years was made in North 24-Parganas , one of the nine arsenic affected districts .
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| Title: Community ecology of small mammal populations in PanamEfollowing an outbreak of Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome .
| | Author: Ruedas LA Salazar-Bravo J Tinnin DS Armin B Cceres L Garc } A D } z MA Gracia F Suzn G Peters CJ Yates TL Mills JN .
| | Journal: J Vector Ecol .
Citation: V : 29 ( 1 ) P : 177-91 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15266755 Accession (PMID): 15266755 | | Abstract: In late 1999 and early 2000 , an outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome ( HPS ) occurred in and around Los Santos , on the Azuero Peninsula of southwestern PanamE This HPS episode , resulting in 22% case fatality , was linked to the Costa Rican pigmy rice rat , Oligoryzomys fulvescens costaricensis , which harbored a then undescribed hantavirus , Choclo virus .
In addition , Cherries cane rat , Zygodontomys brevicauda cherriei , was identified as carrying a distinct hantavirus , Calabazo virus with no known pathogenicity to humans .
Herein we present the ecological results of the outbreak investigations in the Azuero region .
A total of 164 animals were captured , of which 126 were potential small , non-volant mammal hosts of a hantavirus : rodents in the family Muridae .
There were significant differences in small mammal community structure between case sites and a negative control site .
Differences were manifest in ecological measures of species diversity and in species evenness and heterogeneity measures , as indicated by Pairwise Euclidian distances and Morisita indices of community similarity .
Our analyses suggest that human activities ( ie , deforestation for cattle ranching ) coupled with environmental factors ( ie , increased precipitation ) may have synergistically coalesced for an increased risk of HPS to area residents .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In addition , Cherries cane rat , Zygodontomys brevicauda cherriei , was identified as carrying a distinct hantavirus , Calabazo virus with no known pathogenicity to humans .
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| Title: [ Medical pots of Yakushi Buddha in Japan ] | | Author: Okuda J Noro Y Ito S | | Journal: Citation: V : 53 ( 345 ) P : 7-32 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16021752 Accession (PMID): 16021752 | | Abstract: The origin of Yakushi buddha ( Bhaisajyaguru in Sanscrit , buddha of healing ) is not clearly known .
It has been proposed the original statue of Yakushi buddha may have been conceived from Varna , a god in Brahminism , believed to be a god of justice who possessed medicines and prolonged life .
It is believed that Yakushi buddha appeared in Japan when the buddhism was imported from Korea and China in VI century , Yakushi buddha was believed more profoundly in Japan , compared with Korea and China . The reasons are probably as follows : Yakushi buddha is buddha of healing , Emperor Temmu ( 672-685 ) built Yakushi-ji temple in Nara , Emperor Shomu ( 724-749 ) built Kokubun-ji temples at principal towns .
The principal statues of buddha in these temples are Yakushi buddha .
In Japan , there are 252 Yakushi Buddha statues in Buddhistical Temples , which are listed in Important Cultural Property including 14 National Treasures .
Belief in Yakushi Buddha was especially prevalent from the 7th to the 13th centuries in Japan .
The oldest wooden Yakushi Buddha statue is in the Horin-ji temple in Nara .
Among the 252 Yakushi Buddha statues , 224 are in wood , 15 are in copper , 6 are in picture and etc 212 ( 84 , 1% ) have medicinal pots ( or rarely , a bowl ) on the palm of left hand .
However , these medicinal containers are wooden blocks .
Very recently , it was found that Yakushi Buddha statue in the Suho-Kokubun-ji temple ( Yamaguchi Prefecture , Japan ) has a medicinal pot on the palm of the left hand in which an offering ( 220 g materials ) was found .
The date on the reverse side of lid places the offering at October 12 , 1699 .
The offering is composed of five cereals ( rice , barley , wheat , soybean , adzuki bean ) , five medicinal plants ( Acori Graminei , Acori Calami , Radix Ginseng , Flos Caryophylli , Lignum Santali Albi ) , and five minerals ( rock crystals , purple and blue glasse , CaCO3 , particles , silver and golden foils ) .
DNA analysis proved those three randomly selected seeds of rice all belongs to the template japonica , which is predominant in the present variety of Japan . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: The offering is composed of five cereals ( rice , barley , wheat , soybean , adzuki bean ) , five medicinal plants ( Acori Graminei , Acori Calami , Radix Ginseng , Flos Caryophylli , Lignum Santali Albi ) , and five minerals ( rock crystals , purple and blue glasse , CaCO3 , particles , silver and golden foils ) .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
