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| | Author: Li N Qu LJ Liu Y Li Q Gu H Chen Z | | Journal: Protein Expr . Purif . Citation: V : 15 ( 1 ) P : 99-104 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10024476 Accession (PMID): 10024476 | | Abstract: A putative rice trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor of the Bowman-Birk family , RBBI-8 of about 20 kDa , was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein bearing an N-terminal ( His ) 6 purification tag .
The expressed recombinant protein , rRBBI-8 , is insoluble and accumulates as inclusion bodies .
The insoluble protein was solubilized in 8 M urea under reducing environment and then refolded into its active conformation under optimized redox conditions .
Strategies used to optimize yield and efficiency include selecting the redox system , increasing protein concentration during refolding by adding the denatured protein in a stepwise way , utilizing additives to prevent aggregation , and selecting buffer-exchanging conditions .
A Ni-chelate affinity column was then employed to purify the renatured protein . rRBBI-8 shows strong inhibitory activity against trypsin and it can slightly inhibit chymotrypsin .
In this study , a refolding and purification system was set up for this cysteine-rich recombinant protein expressed in a prokaryotic system . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: A putative rice trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor of the Bowman-Birk family , RBBI-8 of about 20 kDa , was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein bearing an N-terminal ( His ) 6 purification tag . The expressed recombinant protein , rRBBI-8 , is insoluble and accumulates as inclusion bodies . The insoluble protein was solubilized in 8 M urea under reducing environment and then refolded into its active conformation under optimized redox conditions . Strategies used to optimize yield and efficiency include selecting the redox system , increasing protein concentration during refolding by adding the denatured protein in a stepwise way , utilizing additives to prevent aggregation , and selecting buffer-exchanging conditions . A Ni-chelate affinity column was then employed to purify the renatured protein . rRBBI-8 shows strong inhibitory activity against trypsin and it can slightly inhibit chymotrypsin . In this study , a refolding and purification system was set up for this cysteine-rich recombinant protein expressed in a prokaryotic system .
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| | Author: Kristensen M Lok F Planchot V Svendsen I Leah R Svensson B | | Journal: Biochim . Biophys . Acta Citation: V : 1431 ( 2 ) P : 538-46 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10350630 Accession (PMID): 10350630 | | Abstract: The gene encoding the starch debranching enzyme limit dextrinase , LD , from barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) , was isolated from a genomic phage library using a barley cDNA clone as probe .
The gene encodes a protein of 904 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 98 . 6 kDa .
This is in agreement with a value of 105 kDa estimated by SDS-PAGE .
The coding sequence is interrupted by 26 introns varying in length from 93 bp to 825 bp .
The 27 exons vary in length from 53 bp to 197 bp .
Southern blot analysis shows that the limit dextrinase gene is present as a single copy in the barley genome .
Gene expression is high during germination and the steady state transcription level reaches a maximum at day 5 of germination .
The deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to the protein sequence of limit dextrinase purified from germinating malt , as determined by automated N-terminal sequencing of tryptic fragments coupled with matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry .
The sequenced peptide fragments cover 70% of the entire protein sequence , which shows 62% and 77% identity to that of starch debranching enzymes from spinach and rice and 37% identity to Klebsiella pullulanase .
Sequence alignment supports the multidomain architecture and identifies both secondary structure elements of the catalytic ( beta/alpha ) 8-barrel substrate , catalytic residues , and specificity associated motifs characteristic of members of the glycoside hydrolase family 13 which cleave alpha-1 , 6-glucosidic bonds .
A remarkable distribution of the secondary structure elements to individual exons is observed .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The coding sequence is interrupted by 26 introns varying in length from 93 bp to 825 bp . The 27 exons vary in length from 53 bp to 197 bp . Southern blot analysis shows that the limit dextrinase gene is present as a single copy in the barley genome . Gene expression is high during germination and the steady state transcription level reaches a maximum at day 5 of germination . The deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to the protein sequence of limit dextrinase purified from germinating malt , as determined by automated N-terminal sequencing of tryptic fragments coupled with matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry . The sequenced peptide fragments cover 70% of the entire protein sequence , which shows 62% and 77% identity to that of starch debranching enzymes from spinach and rice and 37% identity to Klebsiella pullulanase . Sequence alignment supports the multidomain architecture and identifies both secondary structure elements of the catalytic ( beta/alpha ) 8-barrel substrate , catalytic residues , and specificity associated motifs characteristic of members of the glycoside hydrolase family 13 which cleave alpha-1 , 6-glucosidic bonds . A remarkable distribution of the secondary structure elements to individual exons is observed .
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| | Author: Sanmiya K Ueno O Matsuoka M Yamamoto N | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 40 ( 3 ) P : 348-54 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10353221 Accession (PMID): 10353221 | | Abstract: The subcellular localization of plant farnesyl diphosphate synthase ( FPPS ) was examined .
Immunocytochemical staining using anti-FPPS1 antibody followed by electron microscopy showed that FPPS1 was localized to chloroplasts of rice mesophyll cells .
Subcellular fractions from wheat leaves were examined by immunoblot analysis .
FPPS was detected in the chloroplast fraction in wheat , and was protected from proteolysis following trypsin treatment of chloroplasts .
FPPS was also detected in the chloroplast fraction of a dicot plant , tobacco | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The subcellular localization of plant farnesyl diphosphate synthase ( FPPS ) was examined . Immunocytochemical staining using anti-FPPS1 antibody followed by electron microscopy showed that FPPS1 was localized to chloroplasts of rice mesophyll cells . Subcellular fractions from wheat leaves were examined by immunoblot analysis . FPPS was detected in the chloroplast fraction in wheat , and was protected from proteolysis following trypsin treatment of chloroplasts . FPPS was also detected in the chloroplast fraction of a dicot plant , tobacco
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| | Author: Clark HE Moon W-H Bailey LB Panemangelore M | | Journal: Am .
J Clin . Nutr . Citation: V : 29 ( 12 ) P : 1343-52 Year: 1976 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub1036663 Accession (PMID): 1036663 | | Abstract: Nitrogen retention and concentrations of plasma amino acids were compared when young adults consumed isonitrogenous diets containing proteins ( 3 . 0 g of N from rice plus 3 . 0 g of N from milk or 3 . 0 g of N from rice plus 3 . 0 g of N from wheat flour ) or mixtures of their constituent amino acids .
Diets containing proteins induced greater nitrogen retention than did those containing corresponding amounts of amino acids in crystalline form , and the difference between the combinations of proteins was delineated more sharply .
Concentrations of several amino acids were elevated by substituting crystalline amino acids for proteins , especially in postprandial plasma .
Subjects responded differently to addition of the limiting amino acids , lysine and tryptophan , to the diets containing amino acids instead of rice plus wheat .
Therefore , data obtained by means of combinations of cereals and by mixtures of their constituent amino acids can not always be used interchangeably . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nitrogen retention and concentrations of plasma amino acids were compared when young adults consumed isonitrogenous diets containing proteins ( 3 . 0 g of N from rice plus 3 . 0 g of N from milk or 3 . 0 g of N from rice plus 3 . 0 g of N from wheat flour ) or mixtures of their constituent amino acids . Diets containing proteins induced greater nitrogen retention than did those containing corresponding amounts of amino acids in crystalline form , and the difference between the combinations of proteins was delineated more sharply . Concentrations of several amino acids were elevated by substituting crystalline amino acids for proteins , especially in postprandial plasma . Subjects responded differently to addition of the limiting amino acids , lysine and tryptophan , to the diets containing amino acids instead of rice plus wheat . Therefore , data obtained by means of combinations of cereals and by mixtures of their constituent amino acids can not always be used interchangeably .
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| | Author: Mitsukawa N Konishi R Uchiki M Masumura T Tanaka K | | Journal: Biosci . Biotechnol . Biochem . Citation: V : 63 ( 11 ) P : 1851-8 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10635550 Accession (PMID): 10635550 | | Abstract: An alcohol-soluble storage protein , a 16 . 6-kDa prolamin found in rice seeds , was purified from both the total protein body and purified type I protein body fractions .
The partial amino acid sequences of three tryptic peptides generated from the purified polypeptide were analyzed .
A part of the 16 . 6-kDa prolamin cDNA was amplified from developing seed mRNA by the reverse transcribed polymerase chain reaction using an oligo ( dT ) primer and a primer which was synthesized based on the partial amino acid sequence .
The amplified product was used to isolate the full-length cDNA clone ( lambda RP16 ) from a developing seed cDNA library .
The cDNA has an open reading frame encoding a hydrophobic polypeptide of 149 amino acids .
The polypeptide was rich in glutamine ( 20 . 0% ) , cysteine ( 10 . 0% ) , and methionine ( 6 . 9% ) .
The cysteine content was higher than those of most other rice storage proteins .
Messenger RNA of the 16 . 6-kDa prolamin was detected in seeds , but not in other aerial it issues . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: An alcohol-soluble storage protein , a 16 . 6-kDa prolamin found in rice seeds , was purified from both the total protein body and purified type I protein body fractions . The partial amino acid sequences of three tryptic peptides generated from the purified polypeptide were analyzed . A part of the 16 . 6-kDa prolamin cDNA was amplified from developing seed mRNA by the reverse transcribed polymerase chain reaction using an oligo ( dT ) primer and a primer which was synthesized based on the partial amino acid sequence . The amplified product was used to isolate the full-length cDNA clone ( lambda RP16 ) from a developing seed cDNA library . The cDNA has an open reading frame encoding a hydrophobic polypeptide of 149 amino acids . The polypeptide was rich in glutamine ( 20 . 0% ) , cysteine ( 10 . 0% ) , and methionine ( 6 . 9% ) .
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| | Author: Mazumdar-Leighton S Babu CR Bennett J | | Journal: Insect Biochem . Mol . Biol . Citation: V : 30 ( 1 ) P : 57-68 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10646971 Accession (PMID): 10646971 | | Abstract: We have used RT PCR and 3RACE to identify diverse serine proteinase genes expressed in the midguts of the rice yellow stem borer ( Scirpophaga incertulas ) and Asian corn borer ( Helicoverpa armigera ) .
The RT-PCR primers encoded the conserved regions around the active site histidine57 and serine195 of Drosophila melanogaster alpha trypsin , including aspartate189 of the specificity pocket .
These primers amplified three transcripts ( SiP1-3 ) from midguts of S incertulas , and two transcripts ( HaP1-2 ) from midguts of H armigera .
The five RT PCR products were sequenced to permit design of gene-specific forward primers for use with anchored oligo dT primers in 3RACE .
Sequencing of the 3RACE products indicated that SiP1 , SiP2 and HaP1 encoded trypsin-like serine proteinases , while HaP2 encoded a chymotrypsin-like serine proteinases .
The SiP3 transcript proved to be an abundant 960 nt mRNA encoding a trypsin-like protein in which the active site serine195 was replaced by aspartate .
The possible functions of this unusual protein are discussed .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have used RT PCR and 3RACE to identify diverse serine proteinase genes expressed in the midguts of the rice yellow stem borer ( Scirpophaga incertulas ) and Asian corn borer ( Helicoverpa armigera ) . The RT-PCR primers encoded the conserved regions around the active site histidine57 and serine195 of Drosophila melanogaster alpha trypsin , including aspartate189 of the specificity pocket . These primers amplified three transcripts ( SiP1-3 ) from midguts of S incertulas , and two transcripts ( HaP1-2 ) from midguts of H armigera . The five RT PCR products were sequenced to permit design of gene-specific forward primers for use with anchored oligo dT primers in 3RACE . Sequencing of the 3RACE products indicated that SiP1 , SiP2 and HaP1 encoded trypsin-like serine proteinases , while HaP2 encoded a chymotrypsin-like serine proteinases . The SiP3 transcript proved to be an abundant 960 nt mRNA encoding a trypsin-like protein in which the active site serine195 was replaced by aspartate .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have used RT PCR and 3RACE to identify diverse serine proteinase genes expressed in the midguts of the rice yellow stem borer ( Scirpophaga incertulas ) and Asian corn borer ( Helicoverpa armigera ) . The RT-PCR primers encoded the conserved regions around the active site histidine57 and serine195 of Drosophila melanogaster alpha trypsin , including aspartate189 of the specificity pocket . These primers amplified three transcripts ( SiP1-3 ) from midguts of S incertulas , and two transcripts ( HaP1-2 ) from midguts of H armigera . The five RT PCR products were sequenced to permit design of gene-specific forward primers for use with anchored oligo dT primers in 3RACE . Sequencing of the 3RACE products indicated that SiP1 , SiP2 and HaP1 encoded trypsin-like serine proteinases , while HaP2 encoded a chymotrypsin-like serine proteinases . The SiP3 transcript proved to be an abundant 960 nt mRNA encoding a trypsin-like protein in which the active site serine195 was replaced by aspartate . The possible functions of this unusual protein are discussed .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The RT-PCR primers encoded the conserved regions around the active site histidine57 and serine195 of Drosophila melanogaster alpha trypsin , including aspartate189 of the specificity pocket . These primers amplified three transcripts ( SiP1-3 ) from midguts of S incertulas , and two transcripts ( HaP1-2 ) from midguts of H armigera . The five RT PCR products were sequenced to permit design of gene-specific forward primers for use with anchored oligo dT primers in 3RACE . Sequencing of the 3RACE products indicated that SiP1 , SiP2 and HaP1 encoded trypsin-like serine proteinases , while HaP2 encoded a chymotrypsin-like serine proteinases . The SiP3 transcript proved to be an abundant 960 nt mRNA encoding a trypsin-like protein in which the active site serine195 was replaced by aspartate . The possible functions of this unusual protein are discussed .
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| | Author: Yin Z Chen J Zeng L Goh M Leung H Khush GS Wang GL .
| | Journal: Mol .
Plant Microbe Interact .
Citation: V : 13 ( 8 ) P : 869-76 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10939258 Accession (PMID): 10939258 | | Abstract: Many plant mutants develop spontaneous lesions that resemble disease symptoms in the absence of pathogen attack .
In several pathosystems , lesion mimic mutations have been shown to be involved in programmed cell death , which in some instances leads to enhanced disease resistance to multiple pathogens .
We investigated the relationship between spontaneous cell death and disease resistance in rice with nine mutants with a range of lesion mimic phenotypes .
All nine mutations are controlled by recessive genes and some of these mutants have stunted growth and other abnormal characteristics .
The lesion mimics that appeared on the leaves of these mutants were caused by cell death as measured by trypan blue staining .
Activation of six defense-related genes was observed in most of the mutants when the mimic lesions developed .
Four mutants exhibited significant enhanced resistance to rice blast One of the mutants , spl11 , confers non-race-specific resistance not only to blast but also to bacterial blight .
The level of resistance in the spl11 mutant to the two pathogens correlates with the defense-related gene expression and lesion development on the leaves .
The results suggest that some lesion mimic mutations in rice may be involved in disease resistance , and cloning of these genes may provide a clue to developing broad-spectrum resistance to diverse pathogens . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Many plant mutants develop spontaneous lesions that resemble disease symptoms in the absence of pathogen attack . In several pathosystems , lesion mimic mutations have been shown to be involved in programmed cell death , which in some instances leads to enhanced disease resistance to multiple pathogens . We investigated the relationship between spontaneous cell death and disease resistance in rice with nine mutants with a range of lesion mimic phenotypes . All nine mutations are controlled by recessive genes and some of these mutants have stunted growth and other abnormal characteristics . The lesion mimics that appeared on the leaves of these mutants were caused by cell death as measured by trypan blue staining . Activation of six defense-related genes was observed in most of the mutants when the mimic lesions developed . Four mutants exhibited significant enhanced resistance to rice blast One of the mutants , spl11 , confers non-race-specific resistance not only to blast but also to bacterial blight . The level of resistance in the spl11 mutant to the two pathogens correlates with the defense-related gene expression and lesion development on the leaves . The results suggest that some lesion mimic mutations in rice may be involved in disease resistance , and cloning of these genes may provide a clue to developing broad-spectrum resistance to diverse pathogens .
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| | Author: Pastorello EA Farioli L Pravettoni V Ispano M Scibola E Trambaioli C Giuffrida MG Ansaloni R Godovac-Zimmermann J Conti A Fortunato D Ortolani C | | Journal: J Allergy Clin . Immunol . Citation: V : 106 ( 4 ) P : 744-51 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11031346 Accession (PMID): 11031346 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Cereals are the most important nutritional component in the human diet .
Food-induced allergic reactions to these substances therefore have serious implications , and exhaustive diagnosis is required .
Such diagnosis is still difficult because of the incomplete knowledge about major cereal allergens .
In particular , few food-induced allergic reactions to maize have been reported , and no information on the allergenic proteins is available .
OBJECTIVE : Having observed several anaphylactic reactions to maize , we planned a study to identify maize major allergens and cross-reactivity with other cereals , as well as to peach because the majority of patients also reacted to Prunoideae fruits .
METHODS : Twenty-two patients with systemic symptoms after maize ingestion and positive skin prick test responses and serum-specific IgE antibodies to maize were selected .
The IgE-reactivity pattern was identified by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting .
The major allergen identified was then purified by HPLC and characterized by mass spectrometry , determination of the isoelectric point value , and N-terminal amino acid sequencing .
RESULTS : Sera from 19 ( 86% ) of the 22 patients recognized a 9-kd protein , thus confirming this as the maize major allergen .
This protein had an isoelectric point of greater than 9 , a molecular mass of 9047 . 0 d , and no glycosylation .
Determination of its N-terminal sequence showed that it was a lipid transfer protein ( LTP ) .
By using immunoblotting-inhibition experiments , we demonstrated that the LTP cross-reacts completely with rice and peach LTPs but not with wheat or barley LTPs .
N-terminal sequence of the 16-kd allergen ( recognized by 36% of patients ) showed it to be the maize inhibitor of trypsin .
This protein cross-reacts completely with grass , wheat , barley , and rice trypsin inhibitors .
CONCLUSION : The major allergen of maize is an LTP with a molecular weight of 9 kd that is highly homologous with the peach LTP , the major allergen of the Prunoideae subfamily .
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[ Sen. 13, subscore: 1.00 ]: RESULTS : Sera from 19 ( 86% ) of the 22 patients recognized a 9-kd protein , thus confirming this as the maize major allergen . This protein had an isoelectric point of greater than 9 , a molecular mass of 9047 . 0 d , and no glycosylation . Determination of its N-terminal sequence showed that it was a lipid transfer protein ( LTP ) . By using immunoblotting-inhibition experiments , we demonstrated that the LTP cross-reacts completely with rice and peach LTPs but not with wheat or barley LTPs . N-terminal sequence of the 16-kd allergen ( recognized by 36% of patients ) showed it to be the maize inhibitor of trypsin . This protein cross-reacts completely with grass , wheat , barley , and rice trypsin inhibitors . CONCLUSION : The major allergen of maize is an LTP with a molecular weight of 9 kd that is highly homologous with the peach LTP , the major allergen of the Prunoideae subfamily .
[ Sen. 14, subscore: 1.00 ]: This protein had an isoelectric point of greater than 9 , a molecular mass of 9047 . 0 d , and no glycosylation . Determination of its N-terminal sequence showed that it was a lipid transfer protein ( LTP ) . By using immunoblotting-inhibition experiments , we demonstrated that the LTP cross-reacts completely with rice and peach LTPs but not with wheat or barley LTPs . N-terminal sequence of the 16-kd allergen ( recognized by 36% of patients ) showed it to be the maize inhibitor of trypsin . This protein cross-reacts completely with grass , wheat , barley , and rice trypsin inhibitors . CONCLUSION : The major allergen of maize is an LTP with a molecular weight of 9 kd that is highly homologous with the peach LTP , the major allergen of the Prunoideae subfamily .
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| | Author: Park JW Kang DB Kim CW koh SH Yum HY Kim KE Hong CS Lee KY .
| | Journal: Allergy Citation: V : 55 ( 11 ) P : 1035-41 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11097313 Accession (PMID): 11097313 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Buckwheat ( BW ) has been recognized as a common food allergen in Korea , Japan , and other countries .
Until now , serologic findings of BW food-allergic patients and its major allergenic components have not been clarified .
In this study , we analyzed the serologic findings of BW food allergy and characterized its major allergenic components .
METHODS : Nineteen BW-allergic subjects with symptoms after BW ingestion and 15 asymptomatic control subjects with positive skin prick test to BW were recruited .
BW-specific IgE was measured with the Pharmacia CAP kit .
Allergenic components of BW were analyzed by IgE immunoblotting , periodate oxidation , two-dimensonal PAGE , and sequencing of N-terminal amino acids .
RESULTS : From the BW-allergic patients and asymptomatic controls , the sensitivity ( 100% ) , specificity ( 53% ) , and negative ( 100% ) and positive predictive values ( 73% ) of Pharmacia CAP specific IgE for diagnosis were estimated .
The prevalence of IgE binding to 24-kDa ( pI 8 . 3 ) , 16-kDa ( pI 5 . 6 ) , and 9-kDa ( pI 5 . 0/ 6 . 0 ) allergens was higher than 50% in BW-allergic and asymptomatic subjects .
However , the specific IgE to split 19-kDa ( pI 6 . 5/7 . 0 ) allergens were more specifically found in BW-allergic patients than in asymptomatic subjects ( 78% vs 7% ) .
N-terminal amino-acid sequences of 19-kDa and 16-kDa allergens showed moderate and weak homology to the 19-kDa globulin protein of rice and alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor of millet , respectively .
The N-terminus of the 9-kDa isoallergens were not different from each other and were identified as the reported trypsin inhibitors of BW .
Attenuation of the IgE binding to the 9-kDa allergen was found with periodate oxidation .
CONCLUSIONS : The allergens of 24 , 19 , 16 , and 9 kDa are strong candidates to be major allergens , and the 19-kDa allergen was relatively specific for BW-allergic patients .
Moreover , measurement of BW-specific IgE and the features of immunoblotting should be very useful tools in the diagnosis of BW allergy .
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[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: RESULTS : From the BW-allergic patients and asymptomatic controls , the sensitivity ( 100% ) , specificity ( 53% ) , and negative ( 100% ) and positive predictive values ( 73% ) of Pharmacia CAP specific IgE for diagnosis were estimated . The prevalence of IgE binding to 24-kDa ( pI 8 . 3 ) , 16-kDa ( pI 5 . 6 ) , and 9-kDa ( pI 5 . 0/ 6 . 0 ) allergens was higher than 50% in BW-allergic and asymptomatic subjects . However , the specific IgE to split 19-kDa ( pI 6 . 5/7 . 0 ) allergens were more specifically found in BW-allergic patients than in asymptomatic subjects ( 78% vs 7% ) . N-terminal amino-acid sequences of 19-kDa and 16-kDa allergens showed moderate and weak homology to the 19-kDa globulin protein of rice and alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor of millet , respectively . The N-terminus of the 9-kDa isoallergens were not different from each other and were identified as the reported trypsin inhibitors of BW . Attenuation of the IgE binding to the 9-kDa allergen was found with periodate oxidation . CONCLUSIONS : The allergens of 24 , 19 , 16 , and 9 kDa are strong candidates to be major allergens , and the 19-kDa allergen was relatively specific for BW-allergic patients . Moreover , measurement of BW-specific IgE and the features of immunoblotting should be very useful tools in the diagnosis of BW allergy .
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| | Author: Ghosh S Bagchi S Lahiri Majumder A | | Journal: Citation: V : 160 ( 6 ) P : 1171-1181 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11337074 Accession (PMID): 11337074 | | Abstract: Salinity exerted a distinctly differential effect on fructose-1 , 6-bisphosphatase ( EC .
3 . 1 . 3 . 11 ) isolated from salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice ( Oryza sativa ) varieties .
Cytosolic and chloroplastic isoforms of the enzyme from salt-sensitive rice seedlings exhibited decreased catalytic activity during growth in the presence of salt .
Furthermore , chloroplastic fructose 1 , 6-bisphosphatase purified from salt-sensitive ( O sativa cv .
IR26 ) and from the wild halophytic rice Porteresia coarctata differed in their in vitro salt tolerance property although they exhibited otherwise identical biochemical and immunological properties .
This decline in enzyme activity was not correlated with de novo synthesis of the chloroplastic fructose-1 , 6-bisphosphatase protein in the presence of salt .
The inhibitory effect of increasing concentration of NaCl on in vitro enzymatic activity could be prevented by preincubation of the enzyme with a number of osmolytes with an effectiveness in the order polyol>sugars .
Further , the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of the purified rice enzyme is altered in vitro with increasing NaCl concentration which could be prevented by preincubation with inositol .
Purified chloroplastic fructose-1 . 6-bisphosphatase from P coarctata however , exhibits no such inhibition of enzyme activity in vitro or alteration in tryptophan fluorescence with increasing NaCl concentration . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , chloroplastic fructose 1 , 6-bisphosphatase purified from salt-sensitive ( O sativa cv . IR26 ) and from the wild halophytic rice Porteresia coarctata differed in their in vitro salt tolerance property although they exhibited otherwise identical biochemical and immunological properties . This decline in enzyme activity was not correlated with de novo synthesis of the chloroplastic fructose-1 , 6-bisphosphatase protein in the presence of salt . The inhibitory effect of increasing concentration of NaCl on in vitro enzymatic activity could be prevented by preincubation of the enzyme with a number of osmolytes with an effectiveness in the order polyol>sugars . Further , the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of the purified rice enzyme is altered in vitro with increasing NaCl concentration which could be prevented by preincubation with inositol . Purified chloroplastic fructose-1 . 6-bisphosphatase from P coarctata however , exhibits no such inhibition of enzyme activity in vitro or alteration in tryptophan fluorescence with increasing NaCl concentration .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: IR26 ) and from the wild halophytic rice Porteresia coarctata differed in their in vitro salt tolerance property although they exhibited otherwise identical biochemical and immunological properties . This decline in enzyme activity was not correlated with de novo synthesis of the chloroplastic fructose-1 , 6-bisphosphatase protein in the presence of salt . The inhibitory effect of increasing concentration of NaCl on in vitro enzymatic activity could be prevented by preincubation of the enzyme with a number of osmolytes with an effectiveness in the order polyol>sugars . Further , the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of the purified rice enzyme is altered in vitro with increasing NaCl concentration which could be prevented by preincubation with inositol . Purified chloroplastic fructose-1 . 6-bisphosphatase from P coarctata however , exhibits no such inhibition of enzyme activity in vitro or alteration in tryptophan fluorescence with increasing NaCl concentration .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| | Author: Tozawa Y Hasegawa H Terakawa T Wakasa K | | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 126 ( 4 ) P : 1493-506 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11500548 Accession (PMID): 11500548 | | Abstract: Anthranilate synthase ( AS ) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of tryptophan ( Trp ) , indole-3-acetic acid , and indole alkaloids .
Two genes , OASA1 and OASA2 , encoding AS alpha-subunits were isolated from a monocotyledonous plant , rice ( Oryza sativa cv Nipponbare ) , and were characterized .
A phylogenetic tree of AS alpha-subunits from various species revealed a close evolutionary relationship among OASA1 and Arabidopsis ASA2 , Ruta graveolens AS alpha 2 , and tobacco ASA2 , whereas OASA2 , Arabidopsis ASA1 , and R graveolens AS alpha 1 were more distantly related .
OASA1 is expressed in all it issues tested , but the amount of its mRNA was greater in panicles than in leaves and roots .
The abundance of OASA2 transcripts is similar among it issues and greater than that of OASA1 transcripts ; furthermore , OASA2 expression was induced by a chitin heptamer , a potent elicitor , suggesting that OASA2 participates in secondary metabolism .
Expression of wild-type OASA1 or OASA2 transgenes did not affect the Trp content of rice calli or plants .
However , transformed calli and plants expressing a mutated OASA1 gene , OASA1 ( D323N ) , that encodes a protein in which aspartate-323 is replaced with asparagine manifested up to 180 and 35-fold increases , respectively , in Trp accumulation .
These transgenic calli and plants were resistant to 300 microM 5-methyl-Trp , and AS activity of the calli showed a markedly reduced sensitivity to Trp .
These results show that OASA1 is important in the regulation of free Trp concentration , and that mutation of OASA1 to render the encoded protein insensitive to feedback inhibition results in accumulation of Trp at high levels .
The OASA1 ( D323N ) transgene may prove useful for the generation of crops with an increased Trp content . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Anthranilate synthase ( AS ) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of tryptophan ( Trp ) , indole-3-acetic acid , and indole alkaloids . Two genes , OASA1 and OASA2 , encoding AS alpha-subunits were isolated from a monocotyledonous plant , rice ( Oryza sativa cv Nipponbare ) , and were characterized . A phylogenetic tree of AS alpha-subunits from various species revealed a close evolutionary relationship among OASA1 and Arabidopsis ASA2 , Ruta graveolens AS alpha 2 , and tobacco ASA2 , whereas OASA2 , Arabidopsis ASA1 , and R graveolens AS alpha 1 were more distantly related . OASA1 is expressed in all it issues tested , but the amount of its mRNA was greater in panicles than in leaves and roots . The abundance of OASA2 transcripts is similar among it issues and greater than that of OASA1 transcripts ; furthermore , OASA2 expression was induced by a chitin heptamer , a potent elicitor , suggesting that OASA2 participates in secondary metabolism .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| | Author: Ansari MM Sridhar R | | Journal: Folia Microbiol .
( Praha ) Citation: V : 45 ( 6 ) P : 531-7 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11501419 Accession (PMID): 11501419 | | Abstract: Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae , the causal organism of bacterial blight of rice which produces leaf blight as well as kresek ( wilt ) symptoms in plants were tested for indole , auxin production in culture supplemented with L-tryptophan .
On the basis of indoleacetic acid ( IAA ) production the isolates were grouped into IAA-positive and IAA-negative .
Out of 17 isolates , 11 were IAA-positive while 6 were IAA-negative .
The isolates metabolized tryptophan through two different routes and the isolates vary in the pathway of tryptophan utilization .
The IAA-positive isolates converted tryptophan to IAA as the end product , whereas the IAA-negative isolates formed anthranilate as an intermediate metabolite and finally produced pyrocatechol via the kynurenine pathway .
Quantification of tryptophan metabolism revealed that the maximum production of IAA and pyrocatechol in culture occurred during 2-d incubation at 30 +/- 2 degrees C | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae , the causal organism of bacterial blight of rice which produces leaf blight as well as kresek ( wilt ) symptoms in plants were tested for indole , auxin production in culture supplemented with L-tryptophan . On the basis of indoleacetic acid ( IAA ) production the isolates were grouped into IAA-positive and IAA-negative . Out of 17 isolates , 11 were IAA-positive while 6 were IAA-negative . The isolates metabolized tryptophan through two different routes and the isolates vary in the pathway of tryptophan utilization . The IAA-positive isolates converted tryptophan to IAA as the end product , whereas the IAA-negative isolates formed anthranilate as an intermediate metabolite and finally produced pyrocatechol via the kynurenine pathway . Quantification of tryptophan metabolism revealed that the maximum production of IAA and pyrocatechol in culture occurred during 2-d incubation at 30 +/- 2 degrees C
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae , the causal organism of bacterial blight of rice which produces leaf blight as well as kresek ( wilt ) symptoms in plants were tested for indole , auxin production in culture supplemented with L-tryptophan . On the basis of indoleacetic acid ( IAA ) production the isolates were grouped into IAA-positive and IAA-negative . Out of 17 isolates , 11 were IAA-positive while 6 were IAA-negative . The isolates metabolized tryptophan through two different routes and the isolates vary in the pathway of tryptophan utilization . The IAA-positive isolates converted tryptophan to IAA as the end product , whereas the IAA-negative isolates formed anthranilate as an intermediate metabolite and finally produced pyrocatechol via the kynurenine pathway . Quantification of tryptophan metabolism revealed that the maximum production of IAA and pyrocatechol in culture occurred during 2-d incubation at 30 +/- 2 degrees C
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: On the basis of indoleacetic acid ( IAA ) production the isolates were grouped into IAA-positive and IAA-negative . Out of 17 isolates , 11 were IAA-positive while 6 were IAA-negative . The isolates metabolized tryptophan through two different routes and the isolates vary in the pathway of tryptophan utilization . The IAA-positive isolates converted tryptophan to IAA as the end product , whereas the IAA-negative isolates formed anthranilate as an intermediate metabolite and finally produced pyrocatechol via the kynurenine pathway . Quantification of tryptophan metabolism revealed that the maximum production of IAA and pyrocatechol in culture occurred during 2-d incubation at 30 +/- 2 degrees C
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Score: 1.00 |
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| | Author: Lee Y Kende H | | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 127 ( 2 ) P : 645-54 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11598238 Accession (PMID): 11598238 | | Abstract: Fourteen putative rice ( Oryza sativa ) beta-expansin genes , Os-EXPB1 through Os-EXPB14 , were identified in the expressed sequence tag and genomic databases .
The DNA and deduced amino acid sequences are highly conserved in all 14 beta-expansins .
They have a series of conserved C ( cysteine ) residues in the N-terminal half of the protein , an HFD ( histidine-phenylalanine-aspartate ) motif in the central region , and a series of W ( tryptophan ) residues near the carboxyl terminus .
Five beta-expansin genes are expressed in deepwater rice internodes , with especially high transcript levels in the growing region .
Expression of four beta-expansin genes in the internode was induced by treatment with gibberellin and by wounding .
The wound response resulted from excising stem sections or from piercing pinholes into the stem of intact plants .
The level of wound-induced beta-expansin transcripts declined rapidly 5 h after cutting of stem sections .
We conclude that the expression of beta-expansin genes is correlated with rapid elongation of deepwater rice internodes , it is induced by gibberellin and wounding , and wound-induced beta-expansin mRNA appears to turn over rapidly . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Fourteen putative rice ( Oryza sativa ) beta-expansin genes , Os-EXPB1 through Os-EXPB14 , were identified in the expressed sequence tag and genomic databases . The DNA and deduced amino acid sequences are highly conserved in all 14 beta-expansins . They have a series of conserved C ( cysteine ) residues in the N-terminal half of the protein , an HFD ( histidine-phenylalanine-aspartate ) motif in the central region , and a series of W ( tryptophan ) residues near the carboxyl terminus . Five beta-expansin genes are expressed in deepwater rice internodes , with especially high transcript levels in the growing region . Expression of four beta-expansin genes in the internode was induced by treatment with gibberellin and by wounding . The wound response resulted from excising stem sections or from piercing pinholes into the stem of intact plants . The level of wound-induced beta-expansin transcripts declined rapidly 5 h after cutting of stem sections .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| | Author: Liu GZ Pi LY Walker JC Ronald PC Song WY .
| | Journal: J Biol . Chem . Citation: V : 277 ( 23 ) P : 20264-9 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11927577 Accession (PMID): 11927577 | | Abstract: The rice disease resistance gene , Xa21 , encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain .
The putative XA21 kinase domain was expressed as maltose-binding and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli .
The fusion proteins are capable of autophosphorylation .
Phosphoamino acid analysis of the glutathione S-transferase fusion protein indicates that only serine and threonine residues are phosphorylated .
The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism .
Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase .
The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) .
The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively .
Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated .
Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism . Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase . The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) . The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively . Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated . Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| | Author: Terna G Jideani IA Nkama I | | Journal: Citation: V : 53 ( 2 ) P : 109-15 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11939105 Accession (PMID): 11939105 | | Abstract: Kunun zaki--a cereal-based non-alcoholic , non-carbonated beverage--was studied .
The ratio of blends of major ingredients , nutrient , amino acid content and sensory qualities of kunun zaki generated with different saccharifying agents were investigated .
The main ingredients of the formulations were malted rice , sweet potato , soybeans and Cadaba farinosa ( Dangarafa or Legel in Hausa ) , each used separately with sorghum to produce a kunun zaki type .
The weight ratios of the major ingredients were 8 : 91 for malted rice-sorghum , 7 : 92 for sweet potato-sorghum , 9 : 90 for soybean-sorghum and 4 : 95 for Cadaba farinosa-sorghum blends with ginger contributing 1% in each case as a spice .
The nutrient composition of kunun zaki samples from different saccharifying agents ranged from 87 to 91% for moisture , 3 . 19 to 7 . 86% for crude protein , 0 . 37 to 0 . 75% for fat , 0 . 93 to 1 . 20% for ash and 2 . 69 to 5 . 84% for carbohydrate .
Glutamic acid ( 4 . 49-11 . 66 g ) was the most abundant amino acid in the samples while cysteine was the least abundant ( 0 . 34-1 . 45 g ) in all the samples .
The lowest concentration of all the essential amino acids except for tryptophan occurred when malted rice was used ( 0 . 44-1 . 40 g ) .
Among the essential amino acids , cysteine , valine , isoleucine and methionine occurred in extremely low quantities compared with FAO/WHO reference protein values .
The dual role ( saccharification and enrichment ) of soybean in kunun zaki processing is a desirable attribute and offers an advantage over the other agents .
The different saccharifying agents had no significant effect ( P > 0 . 05 ) on colour and flavour of kunun zaki but did influence sweetness , mouthfeel and overall acceptability .
The beverage made with malted rice was most liked overall .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The main ingredients of the formulations were malted rice , sweet potato , soybeans and Cadaba farinosa ( Dangarafa or Legel in Hausa ) , each used separately with sorghum to produce a kunun zaki type . The weight ratios of the major ingredients were 8 : 91 for malted rice-sorghum , 7 : 92 for sweet potato-sorghum , 9 : 90 for soybean-sorghum and 4 : 95 for Cadaba farinosa-sorghum blends with ginger contributing 1% in each case as a spice . The nutrient composition of kunun zaki samples from different saccharifying agents ranged from 87 to 91% for moisture , 3 . 19 to 7 . 86% for crude protein , 0 . 37 to 0 . 75% for fat , 0 . 93 to 1 . 20% for ash and 2 . 69 to 5 . 84% for carbohydrate . Glutamic acid ( 4 . 49-11 . 66 g ) was the most abundant amino acid in the samples while cysteine was the least abundant ( 0 . 34-1 . 45 g ) in all the samples . The lowest concentration of all the essential amino acids except for tryptophan occurred when malted rice was used ( 0 . 44-1 . 40 g ) . Among the essential amino acids , cysteine , valine , isoleucine and methionine occurred in extremely low quantities compared with FAO/WHO reference protein values . The dual role ( saccharification and enrichment ) of soybean in kunun zaki processing is a desirable attribute and offers an advantage over the other agents . The different saccharifying agents had no significant effect ( P > 0 . 05 ) on colour and flavour of kunun zaki but did influence sweetness , mouthfeel and overall acceptability . The beverage made with malted rice was most liked overall .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| | Author: Yamanouchi U Yano M Lin H Ashikari M Yamada K | | Journal: Proc . Natl . Acad . Sci . USA Citation: V : 99 ( 11 ) P : 7530-5 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12032317 Accession (PMID): 12032317 | | Abstract: A rice spotted leaf ( lesion-mimic ) gene , Spl7 , was identified by map-based cloning .
High-resolution mapping with cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers enabled us to define a genomic region of 3 kb as a candidate for Spl7 .
We found one ORF that showed high similarity to a heat stress transcription factor ( HSF ) .
Transgenic analysis verified the function of the candidate gene for Spl7 : leaf spot development was suppressed in spl7 mutants with a wild-type Spl7 transgene .
Thus , we conclude that Spl7 encodes the HSF protein .
The transcript of spl7 was observed in mutant plants .
The levels of mRNAs ( Spl7 in wild type and spl7 in mutant ) increased under heat stress .
Sequence analysis revealed only one base substitution in the HSF DNA-binding domain of the mutant allele , causing a change from tryptophan to cysteine . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Transgenic analysis verified the function of the candidate gene for Spl7 : leaf spot development was suppressed in spl7 mutants with a wild-type Spl7 transgene . Thus , we conclude that Spl7 encodes the HSF protein . The transcript of spl7 was observed in mutant plants . The levels of mRNAs ( Spl7 in wild type and spl7 in mutant ) increased under heat stress . Sequence analysis revealed only one base substitution in the HSF DNA-binding domain of the mutant allele , causing a change from tryptophan to cysteine .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| | Author: He MC Wong JW Yan JR .
| | Journal: Citation: V : 37 ( 4 ) P : 541-51 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12046654 Accession (PMID): 12046654 | | Abstract: The protein-binding forms of cadmium in polluted rice and wheat seeds and their stability were investigated using the methods of Sephadex chromatography .
Three absorption peaks ( F-I , F-II and F-III ) were identified in Tris-HCl extraction of rice and wheat on Sephadex G 75 .
The Cd in the protein extracts from rice and wheat seeds was distributed mainly in the fractions of F-I and F-III .
The apparent molecular weights of Cd-binding proteins for F-I and F-III were 54 . 5 and 5 . 5 KD , respectively .
The components of amino acid for the protein bound with heavy metals were different .
There were high contents of glutamic acid , cysteine , valine , isoleucine , leucine and tyrosine in the protein extracts of rice and wheat .
After cooking , the Cd-binding proteins were destroyed .
High molecular weight protein-binding form ( 54 . 5 KD ) was broken into low molecular weight complex ( 5 . 5 KD ) or tiny peptide chain .
Simultaneously , Cd bound with protein was released , or mainly bound with protein of smaller molecular size .
Enzyme treatment ( pepsin and trypsin ) also caused a destruction of Cd binding protein and a change in the distribution of Cd in the eluent .
The concentrations of Cd in the elution of first and third peak decreased markedly , and the Cd distribution was observed in the elution after third peak ( F-III ) . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: There were high contents of glutamic acid , cysteine , valine , isoleucine , leucine and tyrosine in the protein extracts of rice and wheat . After cooking , the Cd-binding proteins were destroyed . High molecular weight protein-binding form ( 54 . 5 KD ) was broken into low molecular weight complex ( 5 . 5 KD ) or tiny peptide chain . Simultaneously , Cd bound with protein was released , or mainly bound with protein of smaller molecular size . Enzyme treatment ( pepsin and trypsin ) also caused a destruction of Cd binding protein and a change in the distribution of Cd in the eluent . The concentrations of Cd in the elution of first and third peak decreased markedly , and the Cd distribution was observed in the elution after third peak ( F-III ) .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| | Author: Liu YJ Samuel D Lin CH Lyu PC .
| | Journal: Biochem . Biophys . Res . Commun . Citation: V : 294 ( 3 ) P : 535-40 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12056799 Accession (PMID): 12056799 | | Abstract: A novel 7-kDa non-specific lipid transfer protein-2 ( nsLTP2 ) has been isolated from rice ( Oryza sativa ) seeds .
In contrast to nsLTP1s , few nsLTP2s have been purified and characterized .
Complete amino acid sequence of rice nsLTP2 was determined by N-terminal Edman degradation of the intact protein as well as the peptide fragments resulted from trypsin digestions .
Rice nsLTP2 consists of 69 amino acid residues with eight conserved cysteines forming four disulfide bonds .
The secondary structure of rice nsLTP2 is predominantly alpha-helical as determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy .
Cysteine pairings of nsLTP2 have one miss match at Cys ( 35 ) -X-Cys ( 37 ) motif compared to nsLTP1 .
Primary structure analysis of various plant nsLTP2s revealed an interesting conservation of sequence features among nsLTP2 family . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: A novel 7-kDa non-specific lipid transfer protein-2 ( nsLTP2 ) has been isolated from rice ( Oryza sativa ) seeds . In contrast to nsLTP1s , few nsLTP2s have been purified and characterized . Complete amino acid sequence of rice nsLTP2 was determined by N-terminal Edman degradation of the intact protein as well as the peptide fragments resulted from trypsin digestions . Rice nsLTP2 consists of 69 amino acid residues with eight conserved cysteines forming four disulfide bonds . The secondary structure of rice nsLTP2 is predominantly alpha-helical as determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy . Cysteine pairings of nsLTP2 have one miss match at Cys ( 35 ) -X-Cys ( 37 ) motif compared to nsLTP1 . Primary structure analysis of various plant nsLTP2s revealed an interesting conservation of sequence features among nsLTP2 family .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| | Author: Xu F Jiang G Li W He X Jin Y Wang D | | Journal: Biochemistry Citation: V : 41 ( 25 ) P : 8087-92 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12069601 Accession (PMID): 12069601 | | Abstract: Acceptor stem is an essential region in the recognition of tRNAs by their cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase .
In this study , a library containing 20 nt random region and tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase ( TrpRS ) from Bacillus subtilis were used for in vitro selection to find a new structural feature in the tRNA ( Trp ) acceptor stem sequence that is required for B subtilis TrpRS recognition .
After three rounds of selection , the TrpRS binding RNAs dominate the RNA pool .
The aptamers share a common structure of three GC base pairs , which was also found in the acceptor stem of wild-type B subtilis tRNA ( Trp ) .
A series of tRNA ( Trp ) variants was prepared by in vitro transcription , and their efficiencies of tryptophanylation ( k ( cat ) /K ( M ) ) were measured with the aid of TrpRS from B subtilis .
The mutants that possess the three GC base pairs and G73 discriminator base exhibit almost the same aminoacylation efficiencies as B subtilis tRNA ( Trp ) , while the G73 discriminator base itself can not confer efficient aminoacylation to the tRNA ( Trp ) molecule .
Thus , these three base pairs ( G2 . C71 , G3 . C70 , and G4 . C69 ) in the B subtilis tRNA ( Trp ) acceptor stem were established to be new identity elements , and their importance was between the previously characterized major element G73 and minor elements A1/U72 and G5/C68 .
The minimum set of identity elements that is required to confer efficient aminoacylation by B subtilis TrpRS included G73 , G2 . C71 , G3 . C70 , and G4 . C69 . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Acceptor stem is an essential region in the recognition of tRNAs by their cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase . In this study , a library containing 20 nt random region and tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase ( TrpRS ) from Bacillus subtilis were used for in vitro selection to find a new structural feature in the tRNA ( Trp ) acceptor stem sequence that is required for B subtilis TrpRS recognition . After three rounds of selection , the TrpRS binding RNAs dominate the RNA pool . The aptamers share a common structure of three GC base pairs , which was also found in the acceptor stem of wild-type B subtilis tRNA ( Trp ) . A series of tRNA ( Trp ) variants was prepared by in vitro transcription , and their efficiencies of tryptophanylation ( k ( cat ) /K ( M ) ) were measured with the aid of TrpRS from B subtilis . The mutants that possess the three GC base pairs and G73 discriminator base exhibit almost the same aminoacylation efficiencies as B subtilis tRNA ( Trp ) , while the G73 discriminator base itself can not confer efficient aminoacylation to the tRNA ( Trp ) molecule .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Acceptor stem is an essential region in the recognition of tRNAs by their cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase . In this study , a library containing 20 nt random region and tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase ( TrpRS ) from Bacillus subtilis were used for in vitro selection to find a new structural feature in the tRNA ( Trp ) acceptor stem sequence that is required for B subtilis TrpRS recognition . After three rounds of selection , the TrpRS binding RNAs dominate the RNA pool . The aptamers share a common structure of three GC base pairs , which was also found in the acceptor stem of wild-type B subtilis tRNA ( Trp ) . A series of tRNA ( Trp ) variants was prepared by in vitro transcription , and their efficiencies of tryptophanylation ( k ( cat ) /K ( M ) ) were measured with the aid of TrpRS from B subtilis . The mutants that possess the three GC base pairs and G73 discriminator base exhibit almost the same aminoacylation efficiencies as B subtilis tRNA ( Trp ) , while the G73 discriminator base itself can not confer efficient aminoacylation to the tRNA ( Trp ) molecule . Thus , these three base pairs ( G2 . C71 , G3 . C70 , and G4 . C69 ) in the B subtilis tRNA ( Trp ) acceptor stem were established to be new identity elements , and their importance was between the previously characterized major element G73 and minor elements A1/U72 and G5/C68 . The minimum set of identity elements that is required to confer efficient aminoacylation by B subtilis TrpRS included G73 , G2 . C71 , G3 . C70 , and G4 . C69 .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| | Author: Fontaine J Schirmer B Hrr J | | Journal: J Agric .
Food Chem .
Citation: V : 50 ( 14 ) P : 3902-11 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12083857 Accession (PMID): 12083857 | | Abstract: Further NIRS calibrations were developed for the accurate and fast prediction of the total contents of methionine , cystine , lysine , threonine , tryptophan , and other essential amino acids , protein , and moisture in the most important cereals and brans or middlings for animal feed production .
More than 1100 samples of global origin collected over five years were analyzed for amino acids following the Official Methods of the United States and European Union .
Detailed data and graphics are given to characterize the obtained calibration equations .
NIRS was validated with 98 independent samples for wheat and 78 samples for corn and compared to amino acid predictions using linear crude protein regression equations .
With a few exceptions , validation showed that 70-98% of the amino acid variance in the samples could be explained using NIRS .
Especially for lysine and methionine , the most limiting amino acids for farm animals , NIRS can predict contents in cereals much better than crude protein regressions .
Through low cost and high speed of analysis NIRS enables the amino acid analysis of many samples in order to improve the accuracy of feed formulation and obtain better quality and lower production costs . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Further NIRS calibrations were developed for the accurate and fast prediction of the total contents of methionine , cystine , lysine , threonine , tryptophan , and other essential amino acids , protein , and moisture in the most important cereals and brans or middlings for animal feed production . More than 1100 samples of global origin collected over five years were analyzed for amino acids following the Official Methods of the United States and European Union . Detailed data and graphics are given to characterize the obtained calibration equations . NIRS was validated with 98 independent samples for wheat and 78 samples for corn and compared to amino acid predictions using linear crude protein regression equations . With a few exceptions , validation showed that 70-98% of the amino acid variance in the samples could be explained using NIRS .
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