| 21 matches found in 10 documents. Search time: 0.011 seconds. |
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| Title: Isolation and characterization of a rice dwarf mutant with a defect in brassinosteroid biosynthesis .
| | Author: Mori M Nomura T Ooka H Ishizaka M Yokota T Sugimoto K Okabe K Kajiwara H Satoh K Yamamoto K Hirochika H Kikuchi S | | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 130 ( 3 ) P : 1152-61 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12427982 Accession (PMID): 12427982 | | Abstract: We have isolated a new recessive dwarf mutant of rice ( Oryza sativa L cv Nipponbare ) .
Under normal growth conditions , the mutant has very short leaf sheaths ; has short , curled , and frizzled leaf blades ; has few tillers ; and is sterile .
Longitudinal sections of the leaf sheaths revealed that the cell length along the longitudinal axis is reduced , which explains the short leaf sheaths .
Transverse sections of the leaf blades revealed enlargement of the motor cells along the dorsal-ventral axis , which explains the curled and frizzled leaf blades .
In addition , the number of crown roots was smaller and the growth of branch roots was weaker than those in the wild-type plant .
Because exogenously supplied brassinolide considerably restored the normal phenotypes , we designated the mutant brassinosteroid-dependent 1 ( brd1 ) .
Further , under darkness , brd1 showed constitutive photomorphogenesis .
Quantitative analyses of endogenous sterols and brassinosteroids ( BRs ) indicated that BR-6-oxidase , a BR biosynthesis enzyme , would be defective .
In fact , a 0 . 2-kb deletion was detected in the genomic region of OsBR6ox ( a rice BR-6-oxidase gene ) in the brd1 mutant .
These results indicate that BRs are involved in many morphological and physiological processes in rice , including the elongation and unrolling of leaves , development of tillers , skotomorphogenesis , root differentiation , and reproductive growth , and that the defect of BR-6-oxidase caused the brd1 phenotype . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Because exogenously supplied brassinolide considerably restored the normal phenotypes , we designated the mutant brassinosteroid-dependent 1 ( brd1 ) .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Further , under darkness , brd1 showed constitutive photomorphogenesis .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: In fact , a 0 . 2-kb deletion was detected in the genomic region of OsBR6ox ( a rice BR-6-oxidase gene ) in the brd1 mutant .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results indicate that BRs are involved in many morphological and physiological processes in rice , including the elongation and unrolling of leaves , development of tillers , skotomorphogenesis , root differentiation , and reproductive growth , and that the defect of BR-6-oxidase caused the brd1 phenotype .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Loss-of-function of a rice brassinosteroid biosynthetic enzyme , C-6 oxidase , prevents the organized arrangement and polar elongation of cells in the leaves and stem .
| | Author: Hong Z Ueguchi-Tanaka M Shimizu-Sato S Inukai Y Fujioka S Shimada Y Takatsuto S Agetsuma M Yoshida S Watanabe Y Uozu S Kitano H Ashikari M Matsuoka M | | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 32 ( 4 ) P : 495-508 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12445121 Accession (PMID): 12445121 | | Abstract: Molecular genetic and physiological studies on brassinosteroid ( BR ) -related mutants of dicot plants have revealed that BRs play important roles in normal plant growth and development .
However , little is known about the function of BR in monocots ( grasses ) , except for the phenotypic analysis of a rice mutant partially insensitive to BR signaling .
To investigate the function of BR in monocots , we identified and characterized BR-deficient mutants of rice , BR-deficient dwarf1 ( brd1 ) .
The brd1 mutants showed a range of abnormalities in organ development and growth , the most striking of which were defects in the elongation of the stem and leaves .
Light microscopic observations revealed that this abnormality was primarily owing to a failure in the organization and polar elongation of the leaf and stem cells .
The accumulation profile of BR compounds in the brd1 mutants suggested that these plants may be deficient in the activity of BR C-6 oxidase .
Therefore , we cloned a rice gene , OsDWARF , which has a high sequence similarity to the tomato C-6 oxidase gene , DWARF .
Introduction of the wild-type OsDWARF gene into brd1 rescued the abnormal phenotype of the mutants .
The OsDWARF gene was expressed at a low level in all of the examined it issues , with preferential expression in the leaf sheath , and the expression was negatively regulated by brassinolide treatment .
On the basis of these findings , we discuss the biological function of BRs in rice plants . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: To investigate the function of BR in monocots , we identified and characterized BR-deficient mutants of rice , BR-deficient dwarf1 ( brd1 ) .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The brd1 mutants showed a range of abnormalities in organ development and growth , the most striking of which were defects in the elongation of the stem and leaves .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The accumulation profile of BR compounds in the brd1 mutants suggested that these plants may be deficient in the activity of BR C-6 oxidase .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Introduction of the wild-type OsDWARF gene into brd1 rescued the abnormal phenotype of the mutants .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: The Rice brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf2 mutant , defective in the rice homolog of Arabidopsis DIMINUTO/DWARF1 , is rescued by the endogenously accumulated alternative bioactive brassinosteroid , dolichosterone .
| | Author: Hong Z Ueguchi-Tanaka M Fujioka S Takatsuto S Yoshida S Hasegawa Y Ashikari M Kitano H Matsuoka M | | Journal: Plant Cell Citation: V : 17 ( 8 ) P : 2243-54 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15994910 Accession (PMID): 15994910 | | Abstract: We have identified a rice ( Oryza sativa ) brassinosteroid ( BR ) -deficient mutant , BR-deficient dwarf2 ( brd2 ) .
The brd2 locus contains a single base deletion in the coding region of Dim/dwf1 , a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana DIMINUTO/DWARF1 ( DIM/DWF1 ) .
Introduction of the wild-type Dim/dwf1 gene into brd2 restored the normal phenotype .
Overproduction and repression of Dim/dwf1 resulted in contrasting phenotypes , with repressors mimicking the brd2 phenotype and overproducers having large stature with increased numbers of flowers and seeds .
Although brd2 contains low levels of common 6-oxo-type BRs , the severity of the brd2 phenotype is much milder than brd1 mutants and most similar to d2 and d11 , which show a semidwarf phenotype at the young seedling stage .
Quantitative analysis suggested that in brd2 , the 24-methylene BR biosynthesis pathway is activated and the uncommon BR , dolichosterone ( DS ) , is produced .
DS enhances the rice lamina joint bending angle , rescues the brd1 dwarf phenotype , and inhibits root elongation , indicating that DS is a bioactive BR in rice .
Based on these observations , we discuss an alternative BR biosynthetic pathway that produces DS when Dim/dwf1 is defective . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Although brd2 contains low levels of common 6-oxo-type BRs , the severity of the brd2 phenotype is much milder than brd1 mutants and most similar to d2 and d11 , which show a semidwarf phenotype at the young seedling stage .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: DS enhances the rice lamina joint bending angle , rescues the brd1 dwarf phenotype , and inhibits root elongation , indicating that DS is a bioactive BR in rice .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: OsBLE3 , a brassinolide-enhanced gene , is involved in the growth of rice .
| | Author: Yang G Nakamura H Ichikawa H Kitano H Komatsu S | | Journal: Phytochemistry Citation: V : 67 ( 14 ) P : 1442-54 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16808934 Accession (PMID): 16808934 | | Abstract: Brassinosteroids ( BRs ) are a group of plant hormones involved in a wide range of plant growth and developmental processes .
To investigate the mechanism of BR action in monocots , a brassinolide ( BL ) upregulated gene designated OsBLE3 was identified , cloned and characterized in rice .
It was mainly expressed in roots and leaf sheaths with levels of expression directly dependent on the dose of BL .
In situ hybridization detected OsBLE3 mRNA in the shoot apical meristem , organ primordia and vascular it issue .
Furthermore , its expression was enhanced by co-treatment with BL and low concentrations of IAA .
These results , and the existence of auxin response elements in the 5-flanking region of the OsBLE3 gene , indicate that OsBLE3 expression is under control of both BR and auxin .
The GUS reporter gene driven by a 2277 bp OsBLE3 putative promoter was mainly expressed in vascular it issues , branch root primordia and was responsive to exogenous BL treatment .
OsBLE3 transcript levels were greatly reduced in brd1 plants , a BL deficient mutant , compared to the wild type control .
In OsBRI1 antisense transgenic rice and OsBLE3 , the BR-insensitive mutant expression of OsBLE3 in response to exogenous BL treatment was significantly lower compared to that in control plants transformed with a vacant vector .
Reduced OsBLE3 expression and growth retardation was also observed in OsBLE3 antisense transgenic rice plants .
Internode cell length of the OsBLE3 antisense transgenic lines was about 70% of that in the vacant vector transformed control lines .
These results suggest that OsBLE3 is involved in cell elongation in rice through dual regulation by BL and IAA . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: OsBLE3 transcript levels were greatly reduced in brd1 plants , a BL deficient mutant , compared to the wild type control .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Involvement of C-22-hydroxylated brassinosteroids in auxin-induced lamina joint bending in rice .
| | Author: Nakamura A Fujioka S Takatsuto S Tsujimoto M Kitano H Yoshida S Asami T Nakano T | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol Citation: V : 50 P : 1627-35 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19605414 Accession (PMID): 19605414 | | Abstract: The rice lamina joint is ideal material for investigating the activity of brassinosteroids ( BRs ) and auxin because of its high sensitivity to these compounds .
Using a series of rice BR biosynthetic and receptor mutants , we conducted lamina joint tests to elucidate the mechanism of cross-talk between BR and auxin signaling in lamina joint bending .
In BR biosynthetic mutants d2 and brd1 , which are defective in C-23 hydroxylase and C-6 oxidase , respectively , the lamina joint response to auxin was significantly higher than that of wild-type plants .
The other BR-biosynthetic mutants , brd2 , osdwarf4 and d11 , which are defective in C-22-hydroxylated BRs , showed less or no response to auxin .
These results suggest that C-22-hydroxylated BRs are involved in auxin-induced lamina joint bending .
The results were supported by the observation that inhibition of the hyper-response to auxin in d2 was reduced by treatment with brassinazole , which inhibits the function of DWARF4 , the C-22 hydroxylase .
In d61 , which is defective in OsBRI1 , a possible BR receptor in rice , the bending angle of the lamina joint in response to auxin and C-22-hydroxylated 6-deoxoBRs was nearly the same as that in wild-type plants .
This implies that C-22-hydroxylated BRs function in auxin signaling independently of OsBRI1 .
From these observations , we propose that C-22-hydroxylated BRs participate in auxin signaling via a novel OsBRI1-independent signaling pathway .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: In BR biosynthetic mutants d2 and brd1 , which are defective in C-23 hydroxylase and C-6 oxidase , respectively , the lamina joint response to auxin was significantly higher than that of wild-type plants .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: BRASSINOSTEROID UPREGULATED1 , encoding a helix-loop-helix protein , is a novel gene involved in brassinosteroid signaling and controls bending of the lamina joint in rice .
| | Author: Tanaka A Nakagawa H Tomita C Shimatani Z Ohtake M Nomura T Jiang CJ Dubouzet JG Kikuchi S Sekimoto H Yokota T Asami T Kamakura T Mori M | | Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : 151 P : 669-80 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19648232 Accession (PMID): 19648232 | | Abstract: Brassinosteroids ( BRs ) are involved in many developmental processes and regulate many subsets of downstream genes throughout the plant kingdom .
However , little is known about the BR signal transduction and response network in monocots .
To identify novel BR-related genes in rice ( Oryza sativa ) , we monitored the transcriptomic response of the brassinosteroid deficient1 ( brd1 ) mutant , with a defective BR biosynthetic gene , to brassinolide treatment .
Here , we describe a novel BR-induced rice gene BRASSINOSTEROID UPREGULATED1 ( BU1 ) , encoding a helix-loop-helix protein .
Rice plants overexpressing BU1 ( BU1 : OX ) showed enhanced bending of the lamina joint , increased grain size , and resistance to brassinazole , an inhibitor of BR biosynthesis .
In contrast to BU1 : OX , RNAi plants designed to repress both BU1 and its homologs displayed erect leaves .
In addition , compared to the wild type , the induction of BU1 by exogenous brassinolide did not require de novo protein synthesis and it was weaker in a BR receptor mutant OsbriI ( Oryza sativa brassinosteroid insensitive1 , d61 ) and a rice G protein alpha subunit ( RGA1 ) mutant d1 .
These results indicate that BU1 protein is a positive regulator of BR response : it controls bending of the lamina joint in rice and it is a novel primary response gene that participates in two BR signaling pathways through OsBRI1 and RGA1 .
Furthermore , expression analyses showed that BU1 is expressed in several organs including lamina joint , phloem , and epithelial cells in embryos .
These results indicate that BU1 may participate in some other unknown processes modulated by BR in rice .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: To identify novel BR-related genes in rice ( Oryza sativa ) , we monitored the transcriptomic response of the brassinosteroid deficient1 ( brd1 ) mutant , with a defective BR biosynthetic gene , to brassinolide treatment .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Expression of BrD1 , a plant defensin from Brassica rapa , confers resistance against brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens ) in transgenic rices .
| | Author: Choi MS Kim YH Park HM Seo BY Jung JK Kim ST Kim MC Shin DB Yun HT Choi IS Kim CK Lee JY | | Journal: Mol Cells Citation: V : 28 P : 131-7 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19714315 Accession (PMID): 19714315 | | Abstract: Plant defensins are small ( 5-10 kDa ) basic peptides thought to be an important component of the defense pathway against fungal and/or bacterial pathogens .
To understand the role of plant defensins in protecting plants against the brown planthopper , a type of insect herbivore , we isolated the Brassica rapa Defensin 1 ( BrD1 ) gene and introduced it into rice ( Oryza sativa L ) to produce stable transgenic plants .
The BrD1 protein is homologous to other plant defensins and contains both an N-terminal endoplasmic reticulum signal sequence and a defensin domain , which are highly conserved in all plant defensins .
Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the defensin domain of various plant defensins , we established that BrD1 belongs to a distinct subgroup of plant defensins .
Relative to the wild type , transgenic rices expressing BrD1 exhibit strong resistance to brown planthopper nymphs and female adults .
These results suggest that BrD1 exhibits insecticidal activity , and might be useful for developing cereal crop plants resistant to sap-sucking insects , such as the brown planthopper .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: To understand the role of plant defensins in protecting plants against the brown planthopper , a type of insect herbivore , we isolated the Brassica rapa Defensin 1 ( BrD1 ) gene and introduced it into rice ( Oryza sativa L ) to produce stable transgenic plants .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The BrD1 protein is homologous to other plant defensins and contains both an N-terminal endoplasmic reticulum signal sequence and a defensin domain , which are highly conserved in all plant defensins .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the defensin domain of various plant defensins , we established that BrD1 belongs to a distinct subgroup of plant defensins .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Relative to the wild type , transgenic rices expressing BrD1 exhibit strong resistance to brown planthopper nymphs and female adults .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results suggest that BrD1 exhibits insecticidal activity , and might be useful for developing cereal crop plants resistant to sap-sucking insects , such as the brown planthopper .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: RAV-Like1 maintains brassinosteroid homeostasis via the coordinated activation of BRI1 and biosynthetic genes in rice .
| | Author: Je BI Piao HL Park SJ Park SH Kim CM Xuan YH Park SH Huang J Do Choi Y An G Wong HL Fujioka S Kim MC Shimamoto K Han CD | | Journal: Plant Cell Citation: V : 22 P : 1777-91 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20581303 Accession (PMID): 20581303 | | Abstract: Temporal and spatial variation in the levels of and sensitivity to hormones are essential for the development of higher organisms .
Traditionally , end-product feedback regulation has been considered as the key mechanism for the achievement of cellular homeostasis .
Brassinosteroids ( BRs ) are plant steroid hormones that are perceived by the cell surface receptor kinase Brassinosteroid Insensitive1 .
Binding of these hormones to the receptor activates BR signaling and eventually suppresses BR synthesis .
This report shows that RAVL1 regulates the expression of the BR receptor .
Furthermore , RAVL1 is also required for the expression of the BR biosynthetic genes D2 , D11 , and BRD1 that are subject to BR negative feedback .
Activation by RAVL1 was coordinated via E-box cis-elements in the promoters of the receptor and biosynthetic genes .
Also , RAVL1 is necessary for the response of these genes to changes in cellular BR homeostasis .
Genetic evidence is presented to strengthen the observation that the primary action of RAVL1 mediates the expression of genes involved in BR signaling and biosynthesis .
This study thus describes a regulatory circuit modulating the homeostasis of BR in which RAVL1 ensures the basal activity of both the signaling and the biosynthetic pathways .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Furthermore , RAVL1 is also required for the expression of the BR biosynthetic genes D2 , D11 , and BRD1 that are subject to BR negative feedback .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Proteomic study identifies proteins involved in brassinosteroid regulation of rice growth .
| | Author: Wang F Bai MY Deng Z Oses-Prieto JA Burlingame AL Lu T Chong K Wang ZY | | Journal: J Integr Plant Biol Citation: V : 52 P : 1075-85 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21106006 Accession (PMID): 21106006 | | Abstract: Brassinosteroids ( BRs ) are essential hormones for growth and development of plant .
In rice , BRs regulate multiple developmental processes and affect many important traits such as height , leaf angle , fertility and seed filling .
We identified brassinosteroid-regulated proteins in rice using proteomic approaches and performed functional analysis of some BR-regulated proteins by overexpression experiments .
Using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis ( 2-D DIGE ) followed by protein identification by mass spectrometry , we compared proteomic differences in the shoots and roots of the BR-insensitive mutant d61-4 and BR-deficient mutant brd1-3 .
We identified a large number of proteins differentially expressed in the mutants compared with wild type control .
These include a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein ( OsGRP1 ) and a DREPP2 protein , which showed reduced levels in the BR mutants .
Overexpression of these two proteins partially suppressed the dwarf phenotype of the Arabidopsis BR-insensitive mutant bri1-5 .
In contrast to the reduced protein level , the RNA level of OsGRP1 was not significantly affected in the BR mutants or by BR treatment , suggesting BR regulation of OsGRP1 at the posttranslational level .
This study identifies many BR-regulated proteins and demonstrates that OsGRP1 functions downstream in the BR signal transduction pathway to promote cell expansion .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis ( 2-D DIGE ) followed by protein identification by mass spectrometry , we compared proteomic differences in the shoots and roots of the BR-insensitive mutant d61-4 and BR-deficient mutant brd1-3 .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Expression of BrD1 , a plant defensin from Brassica rapa , confers resistance against brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens ) in transgenic rices .
| | Author: Choi MS Kim YH Park HM Seo BY Jung JK Kim ST Kim MC Shin DB Yun HT Choi IS Kim CK Lee JY | | Journal: Mol Cells Citation: V : 28 P : 131-7 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub19714315 Accession (PMID): 19714315 | | Abstract: Plant defensins are small ( 5-10 kDa ) basic peptides thought to be an important component of the defense pathway against fungal and/or bacterial pathogens .
To understand the role of plant defensins in protecting plants against the brown planthopper , a type of insect herbivore , we isolated the Brassica rapa Defensin 1 ( BrD1 ) gene and introduced it into rice ( Oryza sativa L ) to produce stable transgenic plants .
The BrD1 protein is homologous to other plant defensins and contains both an N-terminal endoplasmic reticulum signal sequence and a defensin domain , which are highly conserved in all plant defensins .
Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the defensin domain of various plant defensins , we established that BrD1 belongs to a distinct subgroup of plant defensins .
Relative to the wild type , transgenic rices expressing BrD1 exhibit strong resistance to brown planthopper nymphs and female adults .
These results suggest that BrD1 exhibits insecticidal activity , and might be useful for developing cereal crop plants resistant to sap-sucking insects , such as the brown planthopper .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Expression of BrD1 , a plant defensin from Brassica rapa , confers resistance against brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens ) in transgenic rices .
| | Supplemental links/files: reference in endnote online text related articles pubmed citation | |
