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| Title: A rice homolog of Cdk7/MO15 phosphorylates both cyclin-dependent protein kinases and the carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II .
| | Author: Yamaguchi M Umeda M Uchimiya H | | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 16 ( 5 ) P : 613-9 Year: 1998 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10036778 Accession (PMID): 10036778 | | Abstract: The activation of cyclin-dependent protein kinases ( CDKs ) requires phosphorylation of a threonine residue within the T-loop by a CDK-activating kinase ( CAK ) .
The R2 protein of rice is very similar to CAKs of animals and fission yeast at the amino acid level but phosphorylation by R2 has not yet been demonstrated .
When R2 was overexpressed in a CAK-deficient mutant of budding yeast , it suppressed the temperature sensitivity of the mutation .
Immunoprecipitates of rice proteins with the anti-R2 antibody phosphorylated human CDK2 , one of the rice CDKs ( Cdc2Os1 ) , and the carboxy-terminal domain ( CTD ) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II of Arabidopsis .
Mutational analysis indicated that R2 phosphorylated the threonine residue within the T-loop of CDK2 and Cdc2Os1 .
R2 was found mainly in two protein complexes which had molecular masses of 190 kDa and 70 kDa , respectively , whilst the CDK and CTD-kinase activities associated with R2 were identified in a complex of 105 kDa .
These results indicate that R2 is closely related to CAKs of animals and fission yeast in terms of its phosphorylation activity and , moreover , that this CAK of rice is distinct from a CAK of the dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: R2 was found mainly in two protein complexes which had molecular masses of 190 kDa and 70 kDa , respectively , whilst the CDK and CTD-kinase activities associated with R2 were identified in a complex of 105 kDa .
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| Title: The status of ORT ( oral rehydration therapy ) in Bangladesh : how widely is it used?
| | Author: Chowdhury AM Karim F Sarkar SK Cash RA Bhuiya A | | Journal: Citation: V : 12 ( 1 ) P : 58-66 Year: 1997 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10166103 Accession (PMID): 10166103 | | Abstract: During 1980-1990 BRAC , a Bangladeshi non-governmental organization , taught over 12 million mothers how to prepare oral rehydration therapy ( ORT ) at home with lobon ( common salt ) and gur ( unrefined brown sugar ) .
This was followed by a strong promotion and distribution of prepackaged ORS by various agencies including the government .
In 1993 we assessed knowledge of ORT preparation , its local availability and its use for the management of diarrhoea .
Over 9000 households in 90 villages were revisited ; 306 government outreach health workers , 296 drug sellers , and 237 village doctors were interviewed ; 152 government facilities and 495 pharmacies/shops were visited .
ORT prepared by mothers in a sub-sample of the households was analyzed for chloride content and interviewers collected information on use of ORT for diarrhoeal episodes occurring in the preceding two weeks .
The data quality was assessed through a resurvey of sample respondents within two weeks of the first interview .
Over 70% of the mothers could prepare a chemically safe and effective ORS .
A significant proportion of these mothers were very young at the time of the mass campaigns using house to house teaching , implying an intergenerational transfer of the knowledge on ORT .
ORT was found to be used in 60% of all diarrhoeal episodes , but the rate varied with the type of diarrhoea , being highest for daeria ( severe watery diarrhoea ) and lowest for amasha ( dysentery ) .
Drug sellers and village doctors now recommend ORT much more frequently than before .
Members of the medical profession ( qualified and unqualified ) still lag behind in prescribing the use of ORT .
The availability of pre-packaged ORS in rural pharmacies has improved enormously .
There is convincing evidence that the widescale promotion in the past of ORS for dehydration in diarrhoea has led to this marked improvement today .
Nevertheless the use of rice-based ORS , culturally appropriate messages and the promotion of ORS with food offer opportunities to further improve the utilization of ORT .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: A significant proportion of these mothers were very young at the time of the mass campaigns using house to house teaching , implying an intergenerational transfer of the knowledge on ORT .
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| Title: Genetic effects on weight change and food intake in Swedish adult twins .
| | Author: Heitmann BL Harris JR Lissner L Pedersen NL .
| | Journal: Am .
J Clin . Nutr . Citation: V : 69 ( 4 ) P : 597-602 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10197559 Accession (PMID): 10197559 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Obesity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors .
Additionally , synergistic effects of genes and environments may be important in the development of obesity .
OBJECTIVE : The aim of this study was to test for genetic effects on food consumption frequency , food preferences , and their interaction with subsequent weight gain .
DESIGN : Complete data on the frequencies of consumption of 11 foods typical of the Swedish diet were available for 98 monozygotic and 176 dizygotic twin pairs aged 25-59 y who are part of the Swedish Twin Registry .
The data were collected in 1973 as part of a questionnaire study .
Body mass index was measured in 1973 and again in 1984 .
RESULTS : There was some evidence that genetic effects influenced the frequency of intake of some foods .
Similarity among monozygotic twins exceeded that among dizygotic twins for intake of flour and grain products and fruit in men and women , intake of milk in men , and intake of vegetables and rice in women , suggesting that genes influence preferences for these foods .
Analyses conducted for twins reared together and apart also suggested greater monozygotic than dizygotic correlations , but cross-twin , cross-trait correlations were all insignificant , suggesting that the genes that affect consumption frequencies are not responsible for mediating the relation between the frequency of intake and weight change .
CONCLUSIONS : Genetic effects and the frequency of intake are independently related to change in body mass index However , there was no suggestion of differential genetic effects on weight gain that were dependent on the consumption frequency of the foods studied .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Body mass index was measured in 1973 and again in 1984 .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: CONCLUSIONS : Genetic effects and the frequency of intake are independently related to change in body mass index However , there was no suggestion of differential genetic effects on weight gain that were dependent on the consumption frequency of the foods studied .
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| Title: Isolation and characterization of the gene encoding the starch debranching enzyme limit dextrinase from germinating barley .
| | Author: Kristensen M Lok F Planchot V Svendsen I Leah R Svensson B | | Journal: Biochim . Biophys . Acta Citation: V : 1431 ( 2 ) P : 538-46 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10350630 Accession (PMID): 10350630 | | Abstract: The gene encoding the starch debranching enzyme limit dextrinase , LD , from barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) , was isolated from a genomic phage library using a barley cDNA clone as probe .
The gene encodes a protein of 904 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 98 . 6 kDa .
This is in agreement with a value of 105 kDa estimated by SDS-PAGE .
The coding sequence is interrupted by 26 introns varying in length from 93 bp to 825 bp .
The 27 exons vary in length from 53 bp to 197 bp .
Southern blot analysis shows that the limit dextrinase gene is present as a single copy in the barley genome .
Gene expression is high during germination and the steady state transcription level reaches a maximum at day 5 of germination .
The deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to the protein sequence of limit dextrinase purified from germinating malt , as determined by automated N-terminal sequencing of tryptic fragments coupled with matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry .
The sequenced peptide fragments cover 70% of the entire protein sequence , which shows 62% and 77% identity to that of starch debranching enzymes from spinach and rice and 37% identity to Klebsiella pullulanase .
Sequence alignment supports the multidomain architecture and identifies both secondary structure elements of the catalytic ( beta/alpha ) 8-barrel substrate , catalytic residues , and specificity associated motifs characteristic of members of the glycoside hydrolase family 13 which cleave alpha-1 , 6-glucosidic bonds .
A remarkable distribution of the secondary structure elements to individual exons is observed .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The gene encodes a protein of 904 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 98 . 6 kDa .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to the protein sequence of limit dextrinase purified from germinating malt , as determined by automated N-terminal sequencing of tryptic fragments coupled with matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry .
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| Title: The evaluation of antianaphylactic effect of Oryza sativa L in rats .
| | Author: Kim HM Yi DK Shin HY .
| | Journal: Am .
J Chin . Med . Citation: V : 27 ( 1 ) P : 63-71 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10354818 Accession (PMID): 10354818 | | Abstract: This study was carried out to examine the effect of methanol extract of Oryza sativa L ( Dong-Jin in Korean , abbreviate as Os-DJ hereafter ) on anaphylaxis .
Os-DJ ( 10 ( -5 ) to 1 g/kg ) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in rats .
When Os-DJ was pretreated at concentration ranging from 10 ( -5 ) to 1 g/kg , the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner .
Os-DJ ( 1 g/kg ) also significantly inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl ( DNP ) IgE .
Moreover , Os-DJ dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells ( RPMC ) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE .
These results indicate that Os-DJ possess antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Moreover , Os-DJ dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells ( RPMC ) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results indicate that Os-DJ possess antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro .
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| Title: Under-reporting of dietary intake by smoking and non-smoking subjects counselled for hypercholesterolaemia .
| | Author: Tonstad S Grbitz C Sivertsen M Ose L | | Journal: J Intern . Med . Citation: V : 245 ( 4 ) P : 337-44 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10356595 Accession (PMID): 10356595 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVES : We asked whether under-reporting of energy and cigarette smoking were associated with choice of foods and dietary composition amongst subjects with hypercholesterolaemia who had received dietary instruction to lower serum cholesterol .
DESIGN , SETTING AND SUBJECTS : Dietary intake was assessed with a 4-day weighed food record in 205 women and 141 men , aged 20-73 years , being treated at a lipid clinic ( tertiary referral centre ) .
Under-reporting was assessed by calculating the ratio of energy intake ( EI ) to estimated basal metabolic rate ( BMR ) .
RESULTS : The median EI/BMR was 1 . 1 for both men and women .
EI/BMR did not differ according to smoking status , but correlated negatively with body mass index ( Spearmans rho = -0 . 32 , P = 0 . 0001 ) .
EI/BMR was inversely associated with energy-adjusted intakes of potatoes , vegetables , fish and low-fat meats , and positively associated with intakes of nuts , potato crisps , chocolate , sour and ice cream , oils , fatty meat spreads , cakes and biscuits , and with alcohol .
Thus , low EI/BMR was associated with increased energy-adjusted intakes of protein , thiamine , riboflavin , niacin , iron and cholesterol and with decreased intakes of sugar , poly and monounsaturated fats and vitamin E ( all P < 0 . 05 ) .
Cigarette smokers had a higher energy percentage ( E% ) from fat than non-smokers ( 29 +/- 6 vs 26 +/- 6 ) , a lower E% from carbohydrates ( 50 +/- 7 vs 54 +/- 7 ) and a lower intake of vitamin C ( 11 +/- 7 vs 16 +/- 9 mg MJ-1 ; all P = 0 . 0001 ) , reflecting an increased intake of fatty meats and a decreased intake of skimmed cheese , fruit , rice and pasta , and cakes and biscuits ( all P < 0 . 05 ) .
CONCLUSION : Weighed dietary records reflected a healthier intake of fat , protein , sugar , alcohol and some micronutrients amongst under-reporters , suggesting that self-reported dietary intakes are biased in patients with hypercholesterolaemia .
Lack of responsiveness to the diet should not be assumed when dietary data are based on self-report .
Smokers report a higher intake of fat and lower intake of vitamin C than non-smokers , even after dietary counsel , and may require more intensive interventions to optimize the diet .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: EI/BMR did not differ according to smoking status , but correlated negatively with body mass index ( Spearmans rho = -0 . 32 , P = 0 . 0001 ) .
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| Title: Structural analysis of the lipopolysaccharide from Chlamydia trachomatis serotype L2 .
| | Author: Rund S Lindner B Brade H Holst O | | Journal: J Biol . Chem . Citation: V : 274 ( 24 ) P : 16819-24 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10358025 Accession (PMID): 10358025 | | Abstract: The lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) of Chlamydia trachomatis L2 was isolated from it issue culture-grown elementary bodies using a modified phenol/water procedure followed by extraction with phenol/chloroform/light petroleum .
From a total of 5 x 10 ( 4 ) cm2 of infected monolayers , 22 . 3 mg of LPS were obtained .
Compositional analysis indicated the presence of 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosonic acid ( Kdo ) , GlcN , phosphorus , and fatty acids in a molar ratio of 2 . 8 : 2 : 2 . 1 : 4 . 5 .
Matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization mass spectrometry performed on the de-O-acylated LPS gave a major molecular ion peak at m/z 1781 . 1 corresponding to a molecule of 3 Kdo , 2 GlcN , 2 phosphates , and two 3-hydroxyeicosanoic acid residues .
The structure of deacylated LPS obtained after successive treatment with hydrazine and potassium hydroxide was determined by 600 MHz NMR spectroscopy as Kdoalpha2-->8Kdoalpha2-->4Kdoalpha2-->6D-GlcpNbeta1 -->6D-GlcpNalpha 1 , 4-bisphosphate .
These data , together with those published recently on the acylation pattern of chlamydial lipid A ( Qureshi , N , Kaltashov , I , Walker , K , Doroshenko , V , Cotter , R J , Takayama , K , Sievert , T R , Rice , P A , Lin , J-S L , and Golenbock , D T ( 1997 ) J Biol . Chem . 272 , 10594-10600 ) allow us to present for the first time the complete structure of a major molecular species of a chlamydial LPS .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization mass spectrometry performed on the de-O-acylated LPS gave a major molecular ion peak at m/z 1781 . 1 corresponding to a molecule of 3 Kdo , 2 GlcN , 2 phosphates , and two 3-hydroxyeicosanoic acid residues .
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| Title: The evaluation of the antianaphylactic effect of Oryza sativa L subsp . hsien Ting in rats .
| | Author: Kim HM Kang CS Lee EH Shin TY .
| | Journal: Pharmacol . Res . Citation: V : 40 ( 1 ) P : 31-6 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10378987 Accession (PMID): 10378987 | | Abstract: We studied the effect of the methanol extract of Oryza sativa L subsp . hsien Ting ( OSHT ) on anaphylaxis .
OSHT ( 0 . 001-1 . 0 mg g-1body weight ( BW ) ) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in rats .
When OSHT was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 0 . 001 to 1 . 0 mg g-1BW , the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner .
OSHT ( 0 .
001-1 . 0 mg g-1BW ) also inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl ( DNP ) IgE .
Moreover , OSHT dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells ( RPMC ) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE .
The level of cAMP in RPMC , when OSHT was added , significantly increased approx .
20-fold compared with that of basal cells .
These results indicate that OSHT possesses strong antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Moreover , OSHT dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells ( RPMC ) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results indicate that OSHT possesses strong antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro .
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| Title: [ Association between the results of blood test and blood PCB level of chronic Yusho patients twenty five years after the outbreak ] | | Author: Tokunaga S Hirota Y Kataoka K | | Journal: Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi Citation: V : 90 ( 5 ) P : 157-61 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10396871 Accession (PMID): 10396871 | | Abstract: A cross-sectional study on the association between the results of blood test and the blood concentration of PCB was conducted on the chronic Yusho patients .
The subjects were 265 Yusho patients ( 134 men and 131 women ) who received the annual nationwide health examination for Yusho in 1993 .
The results of the blood test and questionnaire survey at the annual health examination were used for the analyses using ANCOVA .
Serum levels of triglycerides , total cholesterol , GOT , GPT , gamma-GTP , total bilirubin , and conjugated bilirubin were associated with the blood concentration of PCB adjusting for sex , age , drinking habit , smoking habit and body mass index ( BMI ) .
Because the distribution of the serum levels was strongly skewed to the right except that of serum concentration of total cholesterol , they were log transformed to approximate to the Normal distribution .
The association between age and the blood concentration of PCB was significant ( P < 0 . 001 ) , although the associations of sex , drinking habit , smoking habit and BMI to the blood concentration of PCB were not significant .
With the adjustment for sex , age , drinking habit , smoking habit and BMI , the serum concentrations of triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly associated with the blood PCB level expressed by loge ( blood concentration of PCB in ppb-1 ) ( P = 0 . 02 and P < 0 . 001 , respectively ) .
The associations of serum levels of GOT , GPT , gamma-GTP , total bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin to the PCB level were not significant .
The results of this study suggests the need of careful observation on the serum lipids of Yusho patients , especially those with high concentration of blood PCB , because the serum concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides are prominent risk factors of heart diseases . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Serum levels of triglycerides , total cholesterol , GOT , GPT , gamma-GTP , total bilirubin , and conjugated bilirubin were associated with the blood concentration of PCB adjusting for sex , age , drinking habit , smoking habit and body mass index ( BMI ) .
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| Title: [ Blood PCB analysis by capillary column-gas chromatograph/quadruple mass spectrometer--comparison with packed column-electron capture detector/gas chromatograph ] | | Author: Nakagawa R Nakamura M Hirakawa H Hori T Iida T | | Journal: Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi Citation: V : 90 ( 5 ) P : 184-91 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10396874 Accession (PMID): 10396874 | | Abstract: The contents of polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) in the blood of Yusho patients ( Y ) and normal subjects ( N ) were analyzed , using a gas-chromatograph equipped with a capillary column/quadruple mass spectrometer ( capillary column GC/MS ) .
While the average of the content of blood PCBs was 679 ppt in N , those were 2960 , 1480 and 1090 ppt in Y diagnosed previously as A , B and C patterns , respectively .
The contents of non-ortho coplanar PCBs ( 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 Tetra- , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5-Penta plus 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5 , 5-Hexa-CB ) were 0 . 9-2 . 1 ppt in Y , and 0 . 8 ppt in N The contents of eight mono-ortho coplanar PCBs having the toxic equivalency factors ( TEFs ) were 118-424 ( Y ) and 78 ppt ( N ) , respectively .
The differences between Y and N in the species of mono-ortho coplanar PCBs contained were observed as follows : 2 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5 and 2 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5-Hexa-CB were predominant in Y , whereas 2 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5-Penta-CB was a major congener in N The levels of di-ortho coplanar PCBs ( 2 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5 , 5 plus 2 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 45-Hepta-CB ) were determined to be 195-608 and 98 ppt in Y and N , respectively .
In both groups , the content of the former isomer was greater than the latter .
Total TEQ values were 0 . 214-1 . 226 ppt in Y , and 0 . 148 ppt in N The analyses were also performed by a conventional method in which a GC equipped with a packed column/electron capture detector ( packed column GC/ECD ) was used , and the results obtained were compared with those by capillary column GC/MS method .
The results showed that the total PCB levels obtained by capillary column GC/MS method were 56-61% in Y and 67% in N of those obtained by packed column GC/ECD method . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The contents of polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) in the blood of Yusho patients ( Y ) and normal subjects ( N ) were analyzed , using a gas-chromatograph equipped with a capillary column/quadruple mass spectrometer ( capillary column GC/MS ) .
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| Title: [ Analysis of 209 PCB congeners by high separation gas chromatography/low resolution mass spectrometer ] | | Author: Mimura K Tamura M Haraguchi K Masuda Y | | Journal: Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi Citation: V : 90 ( 5 ) P : 192-201 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10396875 Accession (PMID): 10396875 | | Abstract: All PCB congeners were analyzed by high separation gas chromatography/low resolution mass spectrometer , using 209 PCB congeners as standards .
They were separated into 169 peaks , including 28 peaks containing 2 PCBs and 8 peaks containing 3 PCBs .
The rice oil samples of Fukuoka and Taiwan Poisonings were analyzed for PCB congeners .
They showed 115 separated peaks of PCB congeners .
Total PCB concentrations were 879 and 769 ppm in 2 samples of Fukuoka rice oil and 57 and 83 ppm in 2 samples of Taiwan rice oil . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: All PCB congeners were analyzed by high separation gas chromatography/low resolution mass spectrometer , using 209 PCB congeners as standards .
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| Title: [ Analysis of all PCB congeners in breast milk and blood of Yusho patients ] | | Author: Mimura K Tamura M Haraguchi K Masuda Y | | Journal: Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi Citation: V : 90 ( 5 ) P : 202-9 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10396876 Accession (PMID): 10396876 | | Abstract: Breast milk and blood of Yusho patients were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyl ( PCB ) congeners by High separation gas chromatography/Low resolution mass spectrometer .
Seventy-one and forty-nine PCB congeners were identified and quantified in the breast milk and blood , respectively .
Total PCB concentrations ( Whole base ) in breast milk of 2 Yusho patients were 69 . 9 and 15 . 1 ppb , respectively , being 11 . 6 and 2 . 5 times higher than those of 4 control breast milk .
Average total PCB concentration of 5 . 0 ppb in whole blood of 13 Yusho patients was 3 . 6 times higher than those of control persons .
Fourteen PCB congeners , such as 99 , 117 , 130 , 137 , 138 , 156 , 157 , 164 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 189 , 191 and 195 , were particularly higher concentration in breast milk and blood of Yusho patients than in those of control persons .
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins ( PCDDs ) and dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) and coplanar PCBs were also analyzed in the breast milk of Yusho patients and control persons .
Large portions , 83 and 74% , of Dioxin toxic equivalency ( TEQ ) in the 2 Yusho breast milk were consisted of TEQ of 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentaCDF only , while total TEQ in the breast milk of control persons was consisted of PCDFs 48% .
PCDDs 29% and coplanar PCBs 23% . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Breast milk and blood of Yusho patients were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyl ( PCB ) congeners by High separation gas chromatography/Low resolution mass spectrometer .
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| Title: Selection of RAPD marker for growth of seedlings at low temperature in rice .
| | Author: Kim KM Park GH Kim JH Kwon YS Sohn JK .
| | Journal: Mol .
Cells Citation: V : 9 ( 3 ) P : 265-9 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10420984 Accession (PMID): 10420984 | | Abstract: We have developed a polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) -based assay that could effectively reduce the time period required to screen and select the cold tolerance gene of rice seedlings under field conditions .
The two specific random amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) fragments for the assay were identified on the basis of quantitative trait loci ( QTL ) analysis which were found to be tightly linked to cold sensitivity .
The two RAPD fragments , OPT8 ( 600 ) in the cold sensitivity rice cultivar Dular ( indica ) and OPU20 ( 1200 ) in the resistance rice cultivar Toyohatamochi ( japonica ) , were identified after screening 11 RAPD fragments using 2 random primers on the genomic DNAs of Dular and Toyohatamochi .
These primers , when used in a multiplexed PCR , specifically amplified a 0 . 6 kb and a 1 . 2 kb fragment in the sensitive and resistant rice cultivars , respectively .
When this assay was performed on the genomic DNAs of 16 japonica , 3 Tongil ( indica/ japonica ) , and 2 indica rice cultivars , the primers amplified a 0 . 6 kb fragment in all of the cold sensitivity rice cultivars or 1 . 2 kb fragment in all of the resistance ones .
These markers can be of potential use in the marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) for cold tolerance in rice seedling .
As screening for resistance can now be conducted independent of the availability of low temperature , the breeding of cold tolerance cultivars can be hastened . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: These markers can be of potential use in the marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) for cold tolerance in rice seedling .
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| Title: Molecular characterization of ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase in rice leaves .
| | Author: To KY Suen DF Chen SC .
| | Journal: Planta Citation: V : 209 ( 1 ) P : 66-76 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10467032 Accession (PMID): 10467032 | | Abstract: A full-length cDNA ( designated rcaII ) encoding the Rubisco activase ( RCA ) of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) has been cloned from a cDNA library constructed with mRNA from green leaves .
Sequence analysis resulted in a reading frame of 432 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 47 . 9 kDa and an estimated isoelectric point of 5 . 97 .
The deduced amino acid sequence showed 74-89% identity with other Rubisco activases from higher plants .
Two highly conserved motifs were identified .
Southern blot analysis suggested the presence of a single rca gene in the rice genome .
The accumulation of leaf rca mRNA was found to be regulated by an oscillating circadian rhythm , in rice plants grown in a light-dark photoperiod .
To purify the rice RCA protein , total soluble protein from rice green leaves was fractionated by ammonium sulfate precipitation , followed by preparative gel electrophoresis .
Two polypeptides , designated RCAI and RCAII , were isolated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and further confirmed by N-terminal sequencing .
The polyclonal antibodies prepared against rice RCAI and RCAII were found to cross-react with two RCA polypeptides present in leaf extracts of spinach and tobacco Furthermore , two different 3 ends of rca mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis .
These cDNA fragments and the related genomic DNA fragment were cloned and sequenced .
The sequence of rcaI is almost identical to the corresponding sequence of rcaII , except for its having 33 additional amino acids at the C-terminal portion .
It can be concluded that a novel alternative splicing mechanism for a common rca mRNA precursor near the 3 end exists in rice plants . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Sequence analysis resulted in a reading frame of 432 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 47 . 9 kDa and an estimated isoelectric point of 5 . 97 .
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| Title: Comparison of meal-stimulated serum gastrin response in Helicobacter pylori-positive duodenal ulcer and asymptomatic volunteers with and without H pylori infection .
| | Author: Kamada T Haruma K Komoto K Mihara M Sumii K Kajiyama G | | Journal: Helicobacter Citation: V : 4 ( 3 ) P : 170-7 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10469191 Accession (PMID): 10469191 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Duodenal ulcer ( DU ) patients exhibit raised postprandial gastrin release as compared to that in healthy controls .
It is believed that serum pepsinogen I ( PG I ) concentration reflects the chief cell mass and that hyperpepsinogenemia I plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DU .
Currently , strong evidence suggests that Helicobacter pylori ( H pylori ) infection plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DU .
MATERIALS AND METHODS : Subjects consisted of 15 patients with H pylori-positive DU , 10 H pylori-positive volunteers , and 35 H pylori-negative volunteers .
Blood samples were taken before and at 15 , 30 , and 60 minutes after eating the test meal , which consisted of 100 gm rice , 130 gm chicken , and 1 egg .
The 1-hour integrated gastrin response ( IGR ) was taken as the area under the serum gastrin time curve , calculated by the trapezoid method .
Serum gastrin ( SG ) and fasting serum PG I concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay .
RESULTS : Meal-stimulated SG response and fasting PG I concentration were significantly higher in DU patients than in H pylori-positive and -negative volunteers .
The DU patients were divided into two groups in accordance with their IGR levels as follows : hyper-IGR and normo-IGR .
Serum PG I concentration was significantly higher in the hyper-IGR than in the normo-IGR group .
CONCLUSIONS : The DU patients differed in some way ( other than H pylori infection ) from the H pylori-positive healthy volunteers .
The fact that hyper-IGR DU patients had higher serum PG I concentrations suggests that patients in this group may be acid hypersecretors .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: It is believed that serum pepsinogen I ( PG I ) concentration reflects the chief cell mass and that hyperpepsinogenemia I plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DU .
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| Title: Fluorescent antibiotic resistance marker for tracking plastid transformation in higher plants .
| | Author: Khan MS Maliga P | | Journal: Nat . Biotechnol . Citation: V : 17 ( 9 ) P : 910-5 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10471936 Accession (PMID): 10471936 | | Abstract: Plastid transformation in higher plants is accomplished through a gradual process , during which all the 300-10 , 000 plastid genome copies are uniformly altered .
Antibiotic resistance genes incorporated in the plastid genome facilitate maintenance of transplastomes during this process .
Given the high number of plastid genome copies in a cell , transformation unavoidably yields chimeric it issues , which requires the identification of transplastomic cells in order to regenerate plants .
In the chimeric it issue , however , antibiotic resistance is not cell autonomous : transplastomic and wild-type sectors both have a resistant phenotype because of phenotypic masking by the transgenic cells .
We report a system of marker genes for plastid transformation , termed FLARE-S , which is obtained by translationally fusing aminoglycoside 3"-adenyltransferase with the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein .
3"-adenyltransferase ( FLARE-S ) confers resistance to both spectinomycin and streptomycin .
The utility of FLARE-S is shown by tracking segregation of individual transformed and wild-type plastids in tobacco and rice plants after bombardment with FLARE-S vector DNA and selection for spectinomycin and streptomycin resistance , respectively .
This method facilitates the extension of plastid transformation to nongreen plastids in embryogenic cells of cereal crops . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: In the chimeric it issue , however , antibiotic resistance is not cell autonomous : transplastomic and wild-type sectors both have a resistant phenotype because of phenotypic masking by the transgenic cells .
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| Title: Effect of consumption of a ready-to-eat breakfast cereal containing inulin on the intestinal milieu and blood lipids in healthy male volunteers .
| | Author: Brighenti F Casiraghi MC Canzi E Ferrari A | | Journal: Citation: V : 53 ( 9 ) P : 726-33 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10509770 Accession (PMID): 10509770 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : To investigate the effect of a breakfast cereal containing inulin on blood lipids and colonic ecosystem in normolipidemic young men .
SETTING : Department of Food Science and Microbiology , University of Milan , Italy .
SUBJECTS : Twelve healthy male volunteers , age 23 . 3 +/- 0 . 5 y , body mass index ( BMI ) 25 . 7 +/- 1 . 2 kg/m2 ( mean +/- s . e . m . ) .
INTERVENTIONS : Subjects consumed daily , for three periods of four weeks , 50 g of a rice-based ready-to-eat cereal ( placebo ) and the same cereal containing 18% inulin ( test ) in substitution of their habitual breakfast , then returned to the habitual diet ( wash-out ) .
They followed no other dietary restrictions .
RESULTS : No changes in body weight , dietary habits , faecal and bile acid output , faecal short-chain fatty acid ( SCFA ) and faecal pH , were observed at the end of each period , whereas plasma total cholesterol and triacylglycerols significantly decreased at the end of test period by 7 . 9 +/- 5 . 4 ( P < 0 . 05 ) and 21 . 2 +/- 7 . 8% ( P < 0 . 005 ) respectively .
Meal glucose tolerance test ( MTT ) resulted in the same incremental area under the curve for both cereals ( IAUC test 124 +/- 35 ; placebo 118 +/- 33 mmol x min/l , ns ) .
Inulin markedly enhanced breath H2 excretion ( IAUC test 280 +/- 40 ; placebo 78 +/- 26 ppm x h , P < 0 . 005 ) , as well as faecal concentration of L-lactate .
Total facultative anaerobes significantly decreased after test , and bifidobacteria increased after correction for total anaerobes ( P < 0 . 05 ) .
Changes in blood lipids were negatively correlated with bifidobacteria counts and positively with secondary bile acid excretion ( P < 0 . 05 ) .
CONCLUSIONS : Inulin seems to have a lipid lowering potential in normolipidemic men possibly mediated by mechanisms related to colonic fermentation .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: SUBJECTS : Twelve healthy male volunteers , age 23 . 3 +/- 0 . 5 y , body mass index ( BMI ) 25 . 7 +/- 1 . 2 kg/m2 ( mean +/- s . e . m . ) .
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| Title: Production , purification and characterization of thermophilic lipase from Bacillus sp .
THL027 .
| | Author: Dharmsthiti S Luchai S | | Journal: FEMS Microbiol . Lett . Citation: V : 179 ( 2 ) P : 241-6 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10518722 Accession (PMID): 10518722 | | Abstract: A low-cost medium , MGRS , has been developed for growth and lipase production from Bacillus THL027 at 65 degrees C and pH 7 . 0 .
MGRS was composed of 2% ( v/v ) buffer solution ( 7 . 3% ( w/v ) Na ( 2 ) HPO ( 4 ) , 3 . 2% ( w/v ) KH ( 2 ) PO ( 4 ) , pH 7 . 2 ) , 40 microg ml ( -1 ) FeSO ( 4 ) and 40 microg ml ( -1 ) MgSO ( 4 ) , 0 . 1% ( w/v ) ( NH ( 4 ) ) ( 2 ) SO ( 4 ) supplemented with 3% NaCl , 0 . 1% glucose , 1 . 0% rice bran oil and 0 . 5% ( w/v ) rice bran .
The lipase was purified 2 . 6-fold to apparent homogeneity by ultrafiltration and gel filtration chromatography .
Its molecular mass was 69 kDa .
The purified enzyme was characterized for its general physical properties .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Its molecular mass was 69 kDa .
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| Title: Purification and identification of components of gamma-oryzanol in rice bran Oil .
| | Author: Xu Z Godber JS .
| | Journal: J Agric .
Food Chem .
Citation: V : 47 ( 7 ) P : 2724-8 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10552553 Accession (PMID): 10552553 | | Abstract: High-purity gamma-oryzanol was obtained from crude rice bran oil using a normal-phase preparative scale HPLC .
A reverse-phase HPLC method was used for separating the individual components of gamma-oryzanol present in rice bran oil .
Ten fractions were isolated and collected using the reverse-phase HPLC method , and their structures were identified .
Identification was accomplished using GC/MS with an electron impact mass spectrum after components were transformed into trimethylsilyl ether derivatives .
The 10 components of gamma-oryzanol were identified as Delta ( 7 ) -stigmastenyl ferulate , stigmasteryl ferulate , cycloartenyl ferulate , 24-methylenecycloartanyl ferulate , Delta ( 7 ) -campestenyl ferulate , campesteryl ferulate , Delta ( 7 ) -sitostenyl ferulate , sitosteryl ferulate , compestanyl ferulate , and sitostanyl ferulate .
Three of these , cycloartenyl ferulate , 24-methylenecycloartanyl ferulate , and campesteryl ferulate , were major components of gamma-oryzanol .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Identification was accomplished using GC/MS with an electron impact mass spectrum after components were transformed into trimethylsilyl ether derivatives .
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| Title: Isolation , antifungal activity , and structure elucidation of the glutarimide antibiotic , streptimidone , produced by Micromonospora coerulea .
| | Author: Kim BS Moon SS Hwang BK .
| | Journal: J Agric .
Food Chem .
Citation: V : 47 ( 8 ) P : 3372-80 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10552660 Accession (PMID): 10552660 | | Abstract: The antibiotic Ao58A , which showed strong antifungal activity against some plant pathogenic fungi , was purified from the culture broth and mycelial mats of Micromonospora coerulea strain Ao58 using various chromatographic procedures .
The molecular formula of the antibiotic Ao58A was deduced to be C ( 16 ) H ( 23 ) NO ( 4 ) ( M + H , m/z 294 . 1707 ) by high-resolution FAB mass spectroscopy .
Analyses of ( 1 ) H NMR , ( 13 ) C NMR , and 2D NMR spectral data revealed that the antibiotic Ao58A is the glutarimide antibiotic streptimidone , 4- ( 2-hydroxy-5 , 7-dimethyl-4-oxo-6 , 8-nonadienyl ) -2 , 6-piperidinedione .
The antibiotic Ao58A was very effective in inhibiting growth of Phytophthora capsici , Didymella bryoniae , Magnaporthe grisea , and Botrytis cinerea in the range approximately 3-10 microg mL ( - ) ( 1 ) of MICs .
In vivo evaluation of the antibiotic Ao58A under greenhouse condition showed strong control efficacies against the development of P capsici , B cinerea , and M grisea on pepper , cucumber , and rice plants , respectively .
The antibiotic Ao58A was equally as effective as metalaxyl , vinclozolin , and tricyclazole in the control of these plant diseases .
However , it did not show any phytotoxicity on the plants even when treated with 500 microg mL ( - ) ( 1 ) .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The molecular formula of the antibiotic Ao58A was deduced to be C ( 16 ) H ( 23 ) NO ( 4 ) ( M + H , m/z 294 . 1707 ) by high-resolution FAB mass spectroscopy .
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