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| Title: A rice homolog of Cdk7/MO15 phosphorylates both cyclin-dependent protein kinases and the carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II .
| | Author: Yamaguchi M Umeda M Uchimiya H | | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 16 ( 5 ) P : 613-9 Year: 1998 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10036778 Accession (PMID): 10036778 | | Abstract: The activation of cyclin-dependent protein kinases ( CDKs ) requires phosphorylation of a threonine residue within the T-loop by a CDK-activating kinase ( CAK ) .
The R2 protein of rice is very similar to CAKs of animals and fission yeast at the amino acid level but phosphorylation by R2 has not yet been demonstrated .
When R2 was overexpressed in a CAK-deficient mutant of budding yeast , it suppressed the temperature sensitivity of the mutation .
Immunoprecipitates of rice proteins with the anti-R2 antibody phosphorylated human CDK2 , one of the rice CDKs ( Cdc2Os1 ) , and the carboxy-terminal domain ( CTD ) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II of Arabidopsis .
Mutational analysis indicated that R2 phosphorylated the threonine residue within the T-loop of CDK2 and Cdc2Os1 .
R2 was found mainly in two protein complexes which had molecular masses of 190 kDa and 70 kDa , respectively , whilst the CDK and CTD-kinase activities associated with R2 were identified in a complex of 105 kDa .
These results indicate that R2 is closely related to CAKs of animals and fission yeast in terms of its phosphorylation activity and , moreover , that this CAK of rice is distinct from a CAK of the dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: R2 was found mainly in two protein complexes which had molecular masses of 190 kDa and 70 kDa , respectively , whilst the CDK and CTD-kinase activities associated with R2 were identified in a complex of 105 kDa .
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| Title: The status of ORT ( oral rehydration therapy ) in Bangladesh : how widely is it used?
| | Author: Chowdhury AM Karim F Sarkar SK Cash RA Bhuiya A | | Journal: Citation: V : 12 ( 1 ) P : 58-66 Year: 1997 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10166103 Accession (PMID): 10166103 | | Abstract: During 1980-1990 BRAC , a Bangladeshi non-governmental organization , taught over 12 million mothers how to prepare oral rehydration therapy ( ORT ) at home with lobon ( common salt ) and gur ( unrefined brown sugar ) .
This was followed by a strong promotion and distribution of prepackaged ORS by various agencies including the government .
In 1993 we assessed knowledge of ORT preparation , its local availability and its use for the management of diarrhoea .
Over 9000 households in 90 villages were revisited ; 306 government outreach health workers , 296 drug sellers , and 237 village doctors were interviewed ; 152 government facilities and 495 pharmacies/shops were visited .
ORT prepared by mothers in a sub-sample of the households was analyzed for chloride content and interviewers collected information on use of ORT for diarrhoeal episodes occurring in the preceding two weeks .
The data quality was assessed through a resurvey of sample respondents within two weeks of the first interview .
Over 70% of the mothers could prepare a chemically safe and effective ORS .
A significant proportion of these mothers were very young at the time of the mass campaigns using house to house teaching , implying an intergenerational transfer of the knowledge on ORT .
ORT was found to be used in 60% of all diarrhoeal episodes , but the rate varied with the type of diarrhoea , being highest for daeria ( severe watery diarrhoea ) and lowest for amasha ( dysentery ) .
Drug sellers and village doctors now recommend ORT much more frequently than before .
Members of the medical profession ( qualified and unqualified ) still lag behind in prescribing the use of ORT .
The availability of pre-packaged ORS in rural pharmacies has improved enormously .
There is convincing evidence that the widescale promotion in the past of ORS for dehydration in diarrhoea has led to this marked improvement today .
Nevertheless the use of rice-based ORS , culturally appropriate messages and the promotion of ORS with food offer opportunities to further improve the utilization of ORT .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: A significant proportion of these mothers were very young at the time of the mass campaigns using house to house teaching , implying an intergenerational transfer of the knowledge on ORT .
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| Title: Genetic effects on weight change and food intake in Swedish adult twins .
| | Author: Heitmann BL Harris JR Lissner L Pedersen NL .
| | Journal: Am .
J Clin . Nutr . Citation: V : 69 ( 4 ) P : 597-602 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10197559 Accession (PMID): 10197559 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Obesity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors .
Additionally , synergistic effects of genes and environments may be important in the development of obesity .
OBJECTIVE : The aim of this study was to test for genetic effects on food consumption frequency , food preferences , and their interaction with subsequent weight gain .
DESIGN : Complete data on the frequencies of consumption of 11 foods typical of the Swedish diet were available for 98 monozygotic and 176 dizygotic twin pairs aged 25-59 y who are part of the Swedish Twin Registry .
The data were collected in 1973 as part of a questionnaire study .
Body mass index was measured in 1973 and again in 1984 .
RESULTS : There was some evidence that genetic effects influenced the frequency of intake of some foods .
Similarity among monozygotic twins exceeded that among dizygotic twins for intake of flour and grain products and fruit in men and women , intake of milk in men , and intake of vegetables and rice in women , suggesting that genes influence preferences for these foods .
Analyses conducted for twins reared together and apart also suggested greater monozygotic than dizygotic correlations , but cross-twin , cross-trait correlations were all insignificant , suggesting that the genes that affect consumption frequencies are not responsible for mediating the relation between the frequency of intake and weight change .
CONCLUSIONS : Genetic effects and the frequency of intake are independently related to change in body mass index However , there was no suggestion of differential genetic effects on weight gain that were dependent on the consumption frequency of the foods studied .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Body mass index was measured in 1973 and again in 1984 .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: CONCLUSIONS : Genetic effects and the frequency of intake are independently related to change in body mass index However , there was no suggestion of differential genetic effects on weight gain that were dependent on the consumption frequency of the foods studied .
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| Title: Isolation and characterization of the gene encoding the starch debranching enzyme limit dextrinase from germinating barley .
| | Author: Kristensen M Lok F Planchot V Svendsen I Leah R Svensson B | | Journal: Biochim . Biophys . Acta Citation: V : 1431 ( 2 ) P : 538-46 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10350630 Accession (PMID): 10350630 | | Abstract: The gene encoding the starch debranching enzyme limit dextrinase , LD , from barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) , was isolated from a genomic phage library using a barley cDNA clone as probe .
The gene encodes a protein of 904 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 98 . 6 kDa .
This is in agreement with a value of 105 kDa estimated by SDS-PAGE .
The coding sequence is interrupted by 26 introns varying in length from 93 bp to 825 bp .
The 27 exons vary in length from 53 bp to 197 bp .
Southern blot analysis shows that the limit dextrinase gene is present as a single copy in the barley genome .
Gene expression is high during germination and the steady state transcription level reaches a maximum at day 5 of germination .
The deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to the protein sequence of limit dextrinase purified from germinating malt , as determined by automated N-terminal sequencing of tryptic fragments coupled with matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry .
The sequenced peptide fragments cover 70% of the entire protein sequence , which shows 62% and 77% identity to that of starch debranching enzymes from spinach and rice and 37% identity to Klebsiella pullulanase .
Sequence alignment supports the multidomain architecture and identifies both secondary structure elements of the catalytic ( beta/alpha ) 8-barrel substrate , catalytic residues , and specificity associated motifs characteristic of members of the glycoside hydrolase family 13 which cleave alpha-1 , 6-glucosidic bonds .
A remarkable distribution of the secondary structure elements to individual exons is observed .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The gene encodes a protein of 904 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 98 . 6 kDa .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to the protein sequence of limit dextrinase purified from germinating malt , as determined by automated N-terminal sequencing of tryptic fragments coupled with matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry .
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| Title: The evaluation of antianaphylactic effect of Oryza sativa L in rats .
| | Author: Kim HM Yi DK Shin HY .
| | Journal: Am .
J Chin . Med . Citation: V : 27 ( 1 ) P : 63-71 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10354818 Accession (PMID): 10354818 | | Abstract: This study was carried out to examine the effect of methanol extract of Oryza sativa L ( Dong-Jin in Korean , abbreviate as Os-DJ hereafter ) on anaphylaxis .
Os-DJ ( 10 ( -5 ) to 1 g/kg ) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in rats .
When Os-DJ was pretreated at concentration ranging from 10 ( -5 ) to 1 g/kg , the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner .
Os-DJ ( 1 g/kg ) also significantly inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl ( DNP ) IgE .
Moreover , Os-DJ dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells ( RPMC ) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE .
These results indicate that Os-DJ possess antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Moreover , Os-DJ dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells ( RPMC ) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results indicate that Os-DJ possess antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro .
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| Title: Under-reporting of dietary intake by smoking and non-smoking subjects counselled for hypercholesterolaemia .
| | Author: Tonstad S Grbitz C Sivertsen M Ose L | | Journal: J Intern . Med . Citation: V : 245 ( 4 ) P : 337-44 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10356595 Accession (PMID): 10356595 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVES : We asked whether under-reporting of energy and cigarette smoking were associated with choice of foods and dietary composition amongst subjects with hypercholesterolaemia who had received dietary instruction to lower serum cholesterol .
DESIGN , SETTING AND SUBJECTS : Dietary intake was assessed with a 4-day weighed food record in 205 women and 141 men , aged 20-73 years , being treated at a lipid clinic ( tertiary referral centre ) .
Under-reporting was assessed by calculating the ratio of energy intake ( EI ) to estimated basal metabolic rate ( BMR ) .
RESULTS : The median EI/BMR was 1 . 1 for both men and women .
EI/BMR did not differ according to smoking status , but correlated negatively with body mass index ( Spearmans rho = -0 . 32 , P = 0 . 0001 ) .
EI/BMR was inversely associated with energy-adjusted intakes of potatoes , vegetables , fish and low-fat meats , and positively associated with intakes of nuts , potato crisps , chocolate , sour and ice cream , oils , fatty meat spreads , cakes and biscuits , and with alcohol .
Thus , low EI/BMR was associated with increased energy-adjusted intakes of protein , thiamine , riboflavin , niacin , iron and cholesterol and with decreased intakes of sugar , poly and monounsaturated fats and vitamin E ( all P < 0 . 05 ) .
Cigarette smokers had a higher energy percentage ( E% ) from fat than non-smokers ( 29 +/- 6 vs 26 +/- 6 ) , a lower E% from carbohydrates ( 50 +/- 7 vs 54 +/- 7 ) and a lower intake of vitamin C ( 11 +/- 7 vs 16 +/- 9 mg MJ-1 ; all P = 0 . 0001 ) , reflecting an increased intake of fatty meats and a decreased intake of skimmed cheese , fruit , rice and pasta , and cakes and biscuits ( all P < 0 . 05 ) .
CONCLUSION : Weighed dietary records reflected a healthier intake of fat , protein , sugar , alcohol and some micronutrients amongst under-reporters , suggesting that self-reported dietary intakes are biased in patients with hypercholesterolaemia .
Lack of responsiveness to the diet should not be assumed when dietary data are based on self-report .
Smokers report a higher intake of fat and lower intake of vitamin C than non-smokers , even after dietary counsel , and may require more intensive interventions to optimize the diet .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: EI/BMR did not differ according to smoking status , but correlated negatively with body mass index ( Spearmans rho = -0 . 32 , P = 0 . 0001 ) .
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| Title: Structural analysis of the lipopolysaccharide from Chlamydia trachomatis serotype L2 .
| | Author: Rund S Lindner B Brade H Holst O | | Journal: J Biol . Chem . Citation: V : 274 ( 24 ) P : 16819-24 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10358025 Accession (PMID): 10358025 | | Abstract: The lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) of Chlamydia trachomatis L2 was isolated from it issue culture-grown elementary bodies using a modified phenol/water procedure followed by extraction with phenol/chloroform/light petroleum .
From a total of 5 x 10 ( 4 ) cm2 of infected monolayers , 22 . 3 mg of LPS were obtained .
Compositional analysis indicated the presence of 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosonic acid ( Kdo ) , GlcN , phosphorus , and fatty acids in a molar ratio of 2 . 8 : 2 : 2 . 1 : 4 . 5 .
Matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization mass spectrometry performed on the de-O-acylated LPS gave a major molecular ion peak at m/z 1781 . 1 corresponding to a molecule of 3 Kdo , 2 GlcN , 2 phosphates , and two 3-hydroxyeicosanoic acid residues .
The structure of deacylated LPS obtained after successive treatment with hydrazine and potassium hydroxide was determined by 600 MHz NMR spectroscopy as Kdoalpha2-->8Kdoalpha2-->4Kdoalpha2-->6D-GlcpNbeta1 -->6D-GlcpNalpha 1 , 4-bisphosphate .
These data , together with those published recently on the acylation pattern of chlamydial lipid A ( Qureshi , N , Kaltashov , I , Walker , K , Doroshenko , V , Cotter , R J , Takayama , K , Sievert , T R , Rice , P A , Lin , J-S L , and Golenbock , D T ( 1997 ) J Biol . Chem . 272 , 10594-10600 ) allow us to present for the first time the complete structure of a major molecular species of a chlamydial LPS .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization mass spectrometry performed on the de-O-acylated LPS gave a major molecular ion peak at m/z 1781 . 1 corresponding to a molecule of 3 Kdo , 2 GlcN , 2 phosphates , and two 3-hydroxyeicosanoic acid residues .
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| Title: The evaluation of the antianaphylactic effect of Oryza sativa L subsp . hsien Ting in rats .
| | Author: Kim HM Kang CS Lee EH Shin TY .
| | Journal: Pharmacol . Res . Citation: V : 40 ( 1 ) P : 31-6 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10378987 Accession (PMID): 10378987 | | Abstract: We studied the effect of the methanol extract of Oryza sativa L subsp . hsien Ting ( OSHT ) on anaphylaxis .
OSHT ( 0 . 001-1 . 0 mg g-1body weight ( BW ) ) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in rats .
When OSHT was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 0 . 001 to 1 . 0 mg g-1BW , the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner .
OSHT ( 0 .
001-1 . 0 mg g-1BW ) also inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl ( DNP ) IgE .
Moreover , OSHT dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells ( RPMC ) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE .
The level of cAMP in RPMC , when OSHT was added , significantly increased approx .
20-fold compared with that of basal cells .
These results indicate that OSHT possesses strong antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Moreover , OSHT dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells ( RPMC ) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These results indicate that OSHT possesses strong antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro .
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| Title: [ Association between the results of blood test and blood PCB level of chronic Yusho patients twenty five years after the outbreak ] | | Author: Tokunaga S Hirota Y Kataoka K | | Journal: Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi Citation: V : 90 ( 5 ) P : 157-61 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10396871 Accession (PMID): 10396871 | | Abstract: A cross-sectional study on the association between the results of blood test and the blood concentration of PCB was conducted on the chronic Yusho patients .
The subjects were 265 Yusho patients ( 134 men and 131 women ) who received the annual nationwide health examination for Yusho in 1993 .
The results of the blood test and questionnaire survey at the annual health examination were used for the analyses using ANCOVA .
Serum levels of triglycerides , total cholesterol , GOT , GPT , gamma-GTP , total bilirubin , and conjugated bilirubin were associated with the blood concentration of PCB adjusting for sex , age , drinking habit , smoking habit and body mass index ( BMI ) .
Because the distribution of the serum levels was strongly skewed to the right except that of serum concentration of total cholesterol , they were log transformed to approximate to the Normal distribution .
The association between age and the blood concentration of PCB was significant ( P < 0 . 001 ) , although the associations of sex , drinking habit , smoking habit and BMI to the blood concentration of PCB were not significant .
With the adjustment for sex , age , drinking habit , smoking habit and BMI , the serum concentrations of triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly associated with the blood PCB level expressed by loge ( blood concentration of PCB in ppb-1 ) ( P = 0 . 02 and P < 0 . 001 , respectively ) .
The associations of serum levels of GOT , GPT , gamma-GTP , total bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin to the PCB level were not significant .
The results of this study suggests the need of careful observation on the serum lipids of Yusho patients , especially those with high concentration of blood PCB , because the serum concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides are prominent risk factors of heart diseases . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Serum levels of triglycerides , total cholesterol , GOT , GPT , gamma-GTP , total bilirubin , and conjugated bilirubin were associated with the blood concentration of PCB adjusting for sex , age , drinking habit , smoking habit and body mass index ( BMI ) .
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| Title: [ Blood PCB analysis by capillary column-gas chromatograph/quadruple mass spectrometer--comparison with packed column-electron capture detector/gas chromatograph ] | | Author: Nakagawa R Nakamura M Hirakawa H Hori T Iida T | | Journal: Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi Citation: V : 90 ( 5 ) P : 184-91 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10396874 Accession (PMID): 10396874 | | Abstract: The contents of polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) in the blood of Yusho patients ( Y ) and normal subjects ( N ) were analyzed , using a gas-chromatograph equipped with a capillary column/quadruple mass spectrometer ( capillary column GC/MS ) .
While the average of the content of blood PCBs was 679 ppt in N , those were 2960 , 1480 and 1090 ppt in Y diagnosed previously as A , B and C patterns , respectively .
The contents of non-ortho coplanar PCBs ( 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 Tetra- , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5-Penta plus 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5 , 5-Hexa-CB ) were 0 . 9-2 . 1 ppt in Y , and 0 . 8 ppt in N The contents of eight mono-ortho coplanar PCBs having the toxic equivalency factors ( TEFs ) were 118-424 ( Y ) and 78 ppt ( N ) , respectively .
The differences between Y and N in the species of mono-ortho coplanar PCBs contained were observed as follows : 2 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5 and 2 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5-Hexa-CB were predominant in Y , whereas 2 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5-Penta-CB was a major congener in N The levels of di-ortho coplanar PCBs ( 2 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5 , 5 plus 2 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 45-Hepta-CB ) were determined to be 195-608 and 98 ppt in Y and N , respectively .
In both groups , the content of the former isomer was greater than the latter .
Total TEQ values were 0 . 214-1 . 226 ppt in Y , and 0 . 148 ppt in N The analyses were also performed by a conventional method in which a GC equipped with a packed column/electron capture detector ( packed column GC/ECD ) was used , and the results obtained were compared with those by capillary column GC/MS method .
The results showed that the total PCB levels obtained by capillary column GC/MS method were 56-61% in Y and 67% in N of those obtained by packed column GC/ECD method . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The contents of polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) in the blood of Yusho patients ( Y ) and normal subjects ( N ) were analyzed , using a gas-chromatograph equipped with a capillary column/quadruple mass spectrometer ( capillary column GC/MS ) .
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