| 81 matches found in 74 documents. Search time: 0.029 seconds. |
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| Title: [ Marking-release-recapture methods for determining the size of the natural population of Anopheles albitarsis l . s ( Diptera : Culicidae ) ] | | Author: Santos RL Forattini OP .
| | Journal: Citation: V : 33 ( 3 ) P : 309-13 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10457005 Accession (PMID): 10457005 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : In order to evaluate the size of the Anopheles albitarsis s . l . population in the Ribeira Valley region of the south-eastern S Paulo State , Brazil , marking-release-recapture experiments were carried out on the Experimental Farm in Pariquera-Au county where an artificial irrigation system for the cultivation of rice has been installed .
The experiments aimed at determining the vectorial capacity of this species .
METHODS : During the summer ( January , February and March ) , three marking-release-recapture experiments with field and laboratory reared populations were conducted to evaluate the population size .
Simultaneous human bait collections were also carried out to estimate the human biting rate .
RESULTS : The population sizes of the three experiments were estimated to be 64 , 560 , 50 , 503 and 22 , 684 mosquitoes .
The bite/man/night rate varied from 41 . 5 to 524 , 5 .
DISCUSSION : The results indicated high mosquito density in the summer which allow one to infer that , even though the survival rate is low , the number of remaining females is large enough to outlive the parasites extrinsic developmental period .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: OBJECTIVE : In order to evaluate the size of the Anopheles albitarsis s . l . population in the Ribeira Valley region of the south-eastern S Paulo State , Brazil , marking-release-recapture experiments were carried out on the Experimental Farm in Pariquera-Au county where an artificial irrigation system for the cultivation of rice has been installed .
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| Title: [ Mite contamination in polished rice and beans sold at markets ] | | Author: Franzolin MR Baggio D | | Journal: Citation: V : 34 ( 1 ) P : 77-83 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10769365 Accession (PMID): 10769365 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : To evaluate mite contamination rate in grains commercialized in nine municipal markets of the city of So Paulo , in the period from November 1989 to November 1990 .
METHODS : 23 samples of polished rice and 53 samples of beans were microscopically examined after sieving , once a week and during 42 days at air temperature .
Other sample fractions were kept in an incubator at 25 degrees C and 75% Relative Humidity ( RH ) during 28 days .
RESULTS : Samples were negative for mites in the first day of analysis and were detected after incubation .
Samples incubated revealed a higher percentage of positive examinations for mites ( incidence ) : 31 . 7% ( and 1 , 845 mites ) ; while samples kept at air temperature showed only 6 . 9% ( and 45 mites ) .
Samples of polished rice were more contaminated in comparison to the ones of beans .
There was a larger amount of mites when the mean monthly temperature of the laboratory was between 21 . 5 degrees C to 22 . 5 degrees C ( 37 .
8% ) and humidity between 73 . 5% to 74 . 5% ( 31 . 1% ) .
CONCLUSIONS : The predominant species was Tyrophagus putrescentiae and other identified species were Blomia tropicalis , Cheyletus spp . , Blattisocius tarsalis , and others .
Mite population had a higher proliferation rate during spring , summer and in the beginning of autumn , due to highest temperature and humidity .
These results confirm the importance of improving grains storage , to avoid mites proliferation . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: OBJECTIVE : To evaluate mite contamination rate in grains commercialized in nine municipal markets of the city of So Paulo , in the period from November 1989 to November 1990 .
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| Title: Design strategy for assessing multi-pathway exposure for children : the Minnesota Childrens Pesticide Exposure Study ( MNCPES ) .
| | Author: Quackenboss JJ Pellizzari ED Shubat P Whitmore RW Adgate JL Thomas KW Freeman NC Stroebel C Lioy PJ Clayton AC Sexton K | | Journal: Citation: V : 10 ( 2 ) P : 145-58 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10791596 Accession (PMID): 10791596 | | Abstract: Although children are exposed to a variety of environmental hazards , including pesticides , there is a scarcity of information available to estimate exposures realistically .
This article reports on one of the first attempts to measure multi-pathway pesticide exposures in a population-based sample of urban and non-urban children .
A design strategy was developed to assess multi-pathway pesticide exposures in children using personal exposure measurements in combination with complimentary measurements of biological markers of exposure , concentrations in relevant environmental media , and time spent in important microenvironments and participating in exposure-related activities .
Sample collection and analysis emphasized measurement of three insecticides ( ie , chlorpyrifos , diazinon , and malathion ) and one herbicide ( ie , atrazine ) .
These compounds were selected because of their frequent use , presence in multiple environmental media , expected population exposures , and related hazard/toxicity .
The study was conducted during the summer of 1997 in Minnesota and involved a stratified sample of households with children ages 3-12 years .
Participants resided in either ( a ) the cities of Minneapolis and St Paul ( urban households ) , or ( b ) Rice and Goodhue Counties just south of the metropolitan area ( non-urban households ) .
Results from a residential inventory documenting storage and use of products containing the target pesticides were used to preferentially select households where children were likely to have higher exposures .
The study successfully obtained pesticide exposure data for 102 children , including measurements of personal exposures ( air , hand rinse , duplicate diet ) , environmental concentrations ( residential indoor/outdoor air , drinking water , residential surfaces , soil ) , activity patterns ( obtained by questionnaire , diary , videotaping ) , and internal dose ( metabolites in urine ) .
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[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Participants resided in either ( a ) the cities of Minneapolis and St Paul ( urban households ) , or ( b ) Rice and Goodhue Counties just south of the metropolitan area ( non-urban households ) .
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| Title: Preferential occurrence of diazotrophic endophytes , Azoarcus spp . , in wild rice species and land races of Oryza sativa in comparison with modern races .
| | Author: Engelhard M Hurek T Reinhold-Hurek B | | Journal: Environ . Microbiol . Citation: V : 2 ( 2 ) P : 131-41 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11220300 Accession (PMID): 11220300 | | Abstract: Several diazotrophic species of Azoarcus spp . occur as endophytes in the pioneer plant Kallar grass .
The purpose of this study was to screen Asian wild rice and cultivated Oryza sativa varieties for natural association with these endophytes .
Populations of culturable diazotrophs in surface-sterilized roots were characterized by 16S rDNA sequence analysis , and Azoarcus species were identified by genomic fingerprints .
A indigens and Azoarcus sp . group C were detected only rarely , whereas Azoarcus sp . group D occurred frequently in samples of flooded plants : in 75% of wild rice , 80% of land races of O sativa from Nepal and 33% of modern cultivars from Nepal and Italy .
The putatively endophytic populations of diazotrophs differed with the rice genotype .
The diversity of cultured diazotrophs was significantly lower in wild rice species than in modern cultivars .
In Oryza officinalis ( from Nepal ) and O minuta ( from the Philippines ) , Azoarcus sp . group D were the predominant diazotrophic putative endophytes in roots .
In contrast , their number was significantly lower in modern cultivars of O sativa , whereas numbers and diversity of other diazotrophs , such as Azospirillum spp . , Klebsiella sp . , Sphingomonas paucimobilis , Burkholderia sp . and Azorhizobium caulinodans , were increased .
In land races of O sativa , the diazotrophic diversity was equally high ; however , Azoarcus sp . was found in high apparent numbers .
Similar differences in populations were also observed in a culture-independent approach comparing a wild rice ( O officinalis ) and a modern-type O sativa plant : in clone libraries of root-associated nitrogenase ( nifH ) gene fragments , the diazotrophic diversity was lower in the wild rice species .
New lineages of nifH genes were detected , eg one deeply branching cluster within the anf ( iron ) nitrogenases .
Our studies demonstrate that the natural host range of Azoarcus spp . extends to rice , wild rice species and old varieties being preferred over modern cultivars . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: In contrast , their number was significantly lower in modern cultivars of O sativa , whereas numbers and diversity of other diazotrophs , such as Azospirillum spp . , Klebsiella sp . , Sphingomonas paucimobilis , Burkholderia sp . and Azorhizobium caulinodans , were increased .
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| Title: Comparison of selenium status between Japanese living in Tokyo and Japanese brazilians in So Paulo , Brazil .
| | Author: Karita K Hamada GS Tsugane S | | Journal: Citation: V : 10 ( 3 ) P : 197-9 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11708308 Accession (PMID): 11708308 | | Abstract: Selenium ( Se ) concentrations were determined in human serum , rice and wheat flour sampled in the city of So Paulo , Brazil , and compared with those sampled in Tokyo . Japan . Serum levels of Se were significantly lower in Japanese Brazilians than Japanese living in Tokyo .
The samples of rice consumed by Japanese Brazilians in So Paulo contained 22 . 7 ng Se/g on average , which was about half the selenium level in rice consumed in Tokyo .
Rice commonly consumed in So Paulo might be one of the factors to lower the serum level of Se . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Selenium ( Se ) concentrations were determined in human serum , rice and wheat flour sampled in the city of So Paulo , Brazil , and compared with those sampled in Tokyo . Japan . Serum levels of Se were significantly lower in Japanese Brazilians than Japanese living in Tokyo .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The samples of rice consumed by Japanese Brazilians in So Paulo contained 22 . 7 ng Se/g on average , which was about half the selenium level in rice consumed in Tokyo .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice commonly consumed in So Paulo might be one of the factors to lower the serum level of Se .
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| Title: Diet of eared doves ( Zenaida auriculata , Aves , Columbidae ) in a sugar-cane colony in South-eastern Brazil .
| | Author: Ranvaud R de Freitas KC Bucher EH Dias HS Avanzo VC Alberts CC .
| | Journal: Citation: V : 61 ( 4 ) P : 651-60 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12071322 Accession (PMID): 12071322 | | Abstract: Farmers in the Paranapanema Valley ( So Paulo , Brazil ) have reported problems with flocks of Eared Doves ( Zenaida auriculata ) eating sprouting soybeans .
In this region these birds breed colonially in sugar-cane , and eat four crop seeds , using 70% of the dry weight , in the following order of importance : maize , wheat , rice , and soybeans .
Three weeds ( Euphorbia heterophylla , Brachiaria plantaginea , and Commelina benghalensis ) were important .
This information suggests that the doves adapted particularly well to the landscape created by the agricultural practices in the region , exploiting many available foods .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Farmers in the Paranapanema Valley ( So Paulo , Brazil ) have reported problems with flocks of Eared Doves ( Zenaida auriculata ) eating sprouting soybeans .
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| Title: Relationship between lifestyle factors and defecation in a Japanese population .
| | Author: Nakaji S Tokunaga S Sakamoto J Todate M Shimoyama T Umeda T Sugawara K | | Journal: Citation: V : 41 ( 6 ) P : 244-8 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12474067 Accession (PMID): 12474067 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : There is a paucity of accurate data regarding any association in the general population between defecation and lifestyle factors such as diet , exercise , physique , and childbirth .
AIMS OF THE STUDY : To evaluate the effects of such lifestyle factors on defecation among regional residents of Japan .
METHODS : Residents ( n = 1 , 699 ) of northern Japan , aged over 40 years , were surveyed in 1995 using a questionnaire to assess their lifestyle factors ( diet , beverage consumption , exercise , physique , and childbirth ) , and examining their defecation status .
We evaluated the relationship between these lifestyle factors and defecation using logistic regression analysis .
The authors used four measures ( defecation frequency , subjective defecation state , subjective fecal properties , and fecal consistency ) and assigned the subjects to a group defined by their defecatory status : constipation , diarrhea , or normal , depending on the responses of the subjects to all four criteria .
RESULTS : The tendency for constipation correlated positively with age in males ( p = 0 . 130 ) , although this trend was not observed in females ( p = 0 . 641 ) .
Of the dietary factors examined , only rice , which accounts for the largest proportion of daily dietary fiber intake in Japan , demonstrated a preventive effect on constipation in both sexes ( p = 0 . 050 in males and 0 . 003 in females ) .
Walking was a preventive factor for constipation among males ( p = 0 . 049 ) , and alcohol also inhibited constipation among males ( p = 0 . 007 ) .
CONCLUSIONS : These results suggest that exercise , such as walking , and a high intake of dietary fiber , such as rice , were useful in the maintenance of defecation .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : There is a paucity of accurate data regarding any association in the general population between defecation and lifestyle factors such as diet , exercise , physique , and childbirth .
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| Title: Predicting childrens short-term exposure to pesticides : results of a questionnaire screening approach .
| | Author: Sexton K Adgate JL Eberly LE Clayton CA Whitmore RW Pellizzari ED Lioy PJ Quackenboss JJ .
| | Journal: Environ .
Health Perspect .
Citation: V : 111 ( 1 ) P : 123-8 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12515690 Accession (PMID): 12515690 | | Abstract: The ability of questionnaires to predict childrens exposure to pesticides was examined as part of the Minnesota Childrens Pesticide Exposure Study ( MNCPES ) .
The MNCPES focused on a probability sample of 102 children between the ages of 3 and 13 years living in either urban ( Minneapolis and St Paul , MN ) or nonurban ( Rice and Goodhue Counties in Minnesota ) households .
Samples were collected in a variety of relevant media ( air , food , beverages , tap water , house dust , soil , urine ) , and chemical analyses emphasized three organophosphate insecticides ( chlorpyrifos , diazinon , malathion ) and a herbicide ( atrazine ) .
Results indicate that the residential pesticide-use questions and overall screening approach used in the MNCPES were ineffective for identifying and oversampling children/households with higher levels of individual target pesticides .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The MNCPES focused on a probability sample of 102 children between the ages of 3 and 13 years living in either urban ( Minneapolis and St Paul , MN ) or nonurban ( Rice and Goodhue Counties in Minnesota ) households .
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| Title: Distributions , associations , and partial aggregate exposure of pesticides and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the Minnesota Childrens Pesticide Exposure Study ( MNCPES ) .
| | Author: Andrew Clayton C Pellizzari ED Whitmore RW Quackenboss JJ Adgate J Sefton K | | Journal: Citation: V : 13 ( 2 ) P : 100-11 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12679790 Accession (PMID): 12679790 | | Abstract: The Minnesota Childrens Pesticide Exposure Study ( MNCPES ) provides exposure , environmental , and biologic data relating to multipathway exposures of children for four primary pesticides ( chlorpyrifos , malathion , diazinon , and atrazine ) , 14 secondary pesticides , and 13 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) .
Monitoring was performed on a probability-based sample of 102 children aged 3-12 in Minneapolis/St Paul and in a nearby rural area ( Goodhue and Rice counties ) .
This paper provides estimated distributions of this populations exposures and exposure-related measurements and examines associations among the various measures via rank ( Spearman ) correlations .
In addition , it provides some aggregate and cumulative exposure estimates for pesticides , and compares the relative intakes from inhalation and dietary ingestion .
Intakes for the four primary pesticides appeared to come principally from the ingestion rather than the inhalation route ; this was clearly true for chlorpyrifos but was less certain for the other three primary pesticides because of their higher degree of nondetects .
Solid food rather than beverages was clearly the main contributor to the ingestion intake .
Despite the dominance of the ingestion route , the urinary metabolite of chlorpyrifos exhibited a stronger association with the air measurements than with the dietary measures .
Personal-air samples exhibited strong rank correlations with indoor air samples for chlorpyrifos , malathion , and diazinon ( 0 . 81 , 0 . 51 , and 0 . 62 , respectively ) , while personal-air atrazine levels correlated well with outdoor levels ( 0 . 69 ) ; personal-air diazinon levels also correlated well with outdoor levels ( 0 . 67 ) .
For the PAHs , many significant associations were evident among the various air samples and for the air samples with the dust samples , especially for those compounds with consistently high percent measurable values ( particularly fluoranthene , phenanthrene , and pyrene ) .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Monitoring was performed on a probability-based sample of 102 children aged 3-12 in Minneapolis/St Paul and in a nearby rural area ( Goodhue and Rice counties ) .
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| Title: Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and proteoglycan synthesis rates in young rats : a comparative study between the regional diet of So Paulo state and casein diets .
| | Author: Cardoso MA Tirapegui JO .
| | Journal: Braz .
J Med . Biol . Res . Citation: V : 25 ( 10 ) P : 1009-13 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub1342821 Accession (PMID): 1342821 | | Abstract: Insulin-like growth factor-I ( IGF-I ) , also known as somatomedin-C , is an important mediator of growth regulation .
Serum concentrations of IGF-I and proteoglycan synthesis rates in the tibial epiphysis , an estimate of the biological response to IGF-I in a target it issue , were compared in weanling Wistar rats fed ad libitum ( group 1 ) and with 50% restriction ( group 2 ) with the regional diet of So Paulo State ( RDSPS--a mean diet consumed by low-income families with rice , beans , sugar , meat , milk , fruits and other vegetables ) and in pair-fed animals fed with casein diets ( groups 3 and 4 ) .
Data are reported as mean +/- SD for 8 rats in each group .
Proteoglycan synthesis rates ( cpm/mg ) were significantly higher in rats fed with the RDSPS-based diet ( groups 1 and 2 : 210 . 8 +/- 58 . 8 , 136 . 6 +/- 17 . 6 ) than in pair-fed animals fed with an 11% casein diet ( groups 3 and 4 : 62 . 9 +/- 11 . 6 , 37 . 7 +/- 13 . 7 ) and in control animals fed ad libitum with a 20% casein diet ( group 5 : 58 . 1 +/- 22 . 7 ) .
Furthermore , these rates were higher in animals fed ad libitum than in those fed with the same diets but with 50% restriction .
However , similar differences between groups 1 to 4 were not observed in serum concentrations ( ng/100 microliters ) of IGF-I ( group 1 : 44 . 1 +/- 7 . 1 ; group 2 : 40 . 8 +/- 3 . 8 ; group 3 : 46 . 0 +/- 3 . 6 ; group 4 : 41 . 6 +/- 3 . 4 , and group 5 : 63 . 2 +/- 7 . 8 ) .
These results suggest that serum IGF-I levels are not reliable indicators of IGF-I status in this experimental model .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Serum concentrations of IGF-I and proteoglycan synthesis rates in the tibial epiphysis , an estimate of the biological response to IGF-I in a target it issue , were compared in weanling Wistar rats fed ad libitum ( group 1 ) and with 50% restriction ( group 2 ) with the regional diet of So Paulo State ( RDSPS--a mean diet consumed by low-income families with rice , beans , sugar , meat , milk , fruits and other vegetables ) and in pair-fed animals fed with casein diets ( groups 3 and 4 ) .
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