| 16143 matches found in 10766 documents. Search time: 0.224 seconds. |
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| Title: The refolding , purification , and activity analysis of a rice Bowman-Birk inhibitor expressed in Escherichia coli .
| | Year: 1999 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10024476 | | Abstract: A putative rice trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor of the Bowman-Birk family , RBBI-8 of about 20 kDa , was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein bearing an N-terminal ( His ) 6 purification tag .
The expressed recombinant protein , rRBBI-8 , is insoluble and accumulates as inclusion bodies .
The insoluble protein was solubilized in 8 M urea under reducing environment and then refolded into its active conformation under optimized redox conditions .
Strategies used to optimize yield and efficiency include selecting the redox system , increasing protein concentration during refolding by adding the denatured protein in a stepwise way , utilizing additives to prevent aggregation , and selecting buffer-exchanging conditions .
A Ni-chelate affinity column was then employed to purify the renatured protein . rRBBI-8 shows strong inhibitory activity against trypsin and it can slightly inhibit chymotrypsin .
In this study , a refolding and purification system was set up for this cysteine-rich recombinant protein expressed in a prokaryotic system . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Strategies used to optimize yield and efficiency include selecting the redox system , increasing protein concentration during refolding by adding the denatured protein in a stepwise way , utilizing additives to prevent aggregation , and selecting buffer-exchanging conditions .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Isoform-specific effects of charged residues at borders of the M1-M2 loop of the Na , K-ATPase alpha subunit .
| | Year: 1999 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10029544 | | Abstract: The Na , K-ATPase is specifically inhibited by the cardiac glycoside , ouabain .
Via a largely undefined mechanism , the ouabain affinity of the Na , K-ATPase can be manipulated by mutating the residues at the borders of the first extracellular ( M1-M2 ) loop of the alpha subunit [ Price , E M , Rice , D A , and Lingrel , J B ( 1990 ) J Biol . Chem . 265 , 6638-6641 ] .
To address this issue , we compared the effects of two combinations of charged residues at the M1-M2 loop border , R113 , D124 and D113 , R124 ( numbered according to the rat alpha1 subunit ) , on the ouabain sensitivity of the alpha1 and alpha2 isoforms .
We report that ouabain sensitivity is dependent not only upon the identity of the residues at the M1-M2 loop border but also upon the context into which they are introduced .
Furthermore , at low concentrations of ATP , the identity of the residues at the M1-M2 loop border affects the regulation of ATP hydrolysis by potassium in an isoform-specific manner .
Analysis of chimeric alpha subunits reveals that the effects of potassium are determined primarily by the interaction of the N-terminus and M1-M2 loop with the C-terminal third of the alpha subunit .
M1-M2 loop border residues may , therefore , influence ouabain sensitivity indirectly by altering the stability or structure of the intermediate of the Na , K-ATPase catalytic cycle which is competent to bind ouabain .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: To address this issue , we compared the effects of two combinations of charged residues at the M1-M2 loop border , R113 , D124 and D113 , R124 ( numbered according to the rat alpha1 subunit ) , on the ouabain sensitivity of the alpha1 and alpha2 isoforms .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Analysis of chimeric alpha subunits reveals that the effects of potassium are determined primarily by the interaction of the N-terminus and M1-M2 loop with the C-terminal third of the alpha subunit .
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| Title: Identification of polypeptides associated with an enriched cytoskeleton-protein body fraction from developing rice endosperm .
| | Year: 1998 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10050310 | | Abstract: Recent evidence has shown that the prolamine polysomes are attached not only to the endoplasmic reticulum membranes that bound the prolamine protein bodies ( PBs ) but also to cytoskeleton elements associated with this subcellular fraction .
To learn more about the nature of the proteins that are associated with this supra-macromolecular complex , proteins extracted from an enriched cytoskeleton-PB fraction were resolved by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non-equilibrium conditions and analyzed for their composition by immunological and biochemical methods .
Immunoblot analysis indicated the presence of the cytoskeletal proteins , actin and tubulin , and the cytoskeletal-associated protein EF1 alpha in this fraction .
Microsequencing of selected polypeptides revealed a diversity of protein sequences .
In addition to contaminating storage proteins which are selectively solubilized by the isolation procedure , several ribosomal proteins and histone H3 were also identified .
Some of the remaining polypeptides showed partial homology to protein sequences deposited in the database , several of which are cytoskeleton-associated proteins . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Immunoblot analysis indicated the presence of the cytoskeletal proteins , actin and tubulin , and the cytoskeletal-associated protein EF1 alpha in this fraction .
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| Title: Large-scale sequencing of plant genomes .
| | Year: 1998 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10066574 | | Abstract: The large number of ESTs generated for Arabidopsis and rice in recent years now act as an important complement to whole genome sequencing projects .
The Arabidopsis Genome Initiative has begun a coordinated effort to sequence the entire genome and , as a result , increasing numbers of large sequence entries can be found in the public databases .
In addition , the mitochondrial genome of Arabidopsis has been completely sequenced .
Genome sequencing studies and the public sequence databases have begun to influence the direction of diverse areas of research from physiology to evolution .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The Arabidopsis Genome Initiative has begun a coordinated effort to sequence the entire genome and , as a result , increasing numbers of large sequence entries can be found in the public databases .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Molecular characterization of two endogenous double-stranded RNAs in rice and their inheritance by interspecific hybrids .
| | Year: 1999 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10066741 | | Abstract: We completely sequenced 13 , 936 nucleotides ( nt ) of a double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) of wild rice ( W-dsRNA ) .
A single long open reading frame ( 13 , 719 nt ) containing the conserved motifs of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and RNA helicase was located in the coding strand .
The identity between entire nucleotide sequence of W-dsRNA and that of the dsRNA of temperate japonica rice ( J-dsRNA , 13 , 952 nt ) was 75 . 5% .
A site-specific discontinuity ( nick ) was identified at nt 1 , 197 from the 5 end of the coding strand of W-dsRNA .
This nick is also located at nt 1 , 211 from the 5 end in the coding strand of J-dsRNA .
The dsRNA copy number was increased more than 10-fold in pollen grains of both rice plants .
This remarkable increase may be responsible for the highly efficient transmission of J-dsRNA via pollen that we already reported .
J-dsRNA and W-dsRNA were also efficiently transmitted to interspecific F1 hybrids .
Seed-mediated dsRNA transmission to F2 plants was also highly efficient when the maternal parent was wild rice .
The efficiency of dsRNA transmission to F2 plants was reduced when the maternal parent was temperate japonica rice ; however , the reduced rates in F2 plants were returned to high levels in F3 plants . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: This remarkable increase may be responsible for the highly efficient transmission of J-dsRNA via pollen that we already reported .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: J-dsRNA and W-dsRNA were also efficiently transmitted to interspecific F1 hybrids .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Seed-mediated dsRNA transmission to F2 plants was also highly efficient when the maternal parent was wild rice .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: The efficiency of dsRNA transmission to F2 plants was reduced when the maternal parent was temperate japonica rice ; however , the reduced rates in F2 plants were returned to high levels in F3 plants .
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| Title: Water balance and fecal moisture content in suckling calves as influenced by free access to dry feed .
| | Year: 1999 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10068954 | | Abstract: Holstein bull calves were used to examine the effect of dry feed on water balance and fecal moisture content during the suckling period .
In Experiment 1 ( n = 20 calves ) , free access to concentrate and timothy hay decreased urine volume and increased apparent water retention , fecal water excretion , and fecal moisture content by 2 wk , although daily amounts of milk replacer also affected water balance when DMI from dry feed was low .
In Experiment 2 ( n = 20 calves ) , free access to concentrate and hay from wk 1 increased reabsorption of water from renal tubules during wk 2 , resulting in reduced urine volume and increased plasma volume .
In Experiment 3 ( n = 10 calves ) , supplementation of 500 g/d of milk replacer plus free access to concentrate and hay from wk 1 increased plasma antidiuretic hormone by 2 wk compared with the concentration in calves receiving 200 g/d of milk replacer alone .
Plasma antidiuretic hormone concentrations were highly correlated with plasma concentrations of acetate and ketone bodies but not with glucose and urea .
In Experiment 4 ( n = 16 calves ) , apparent water retention and fecal moisture content during wk 2 were increased by free access to concentrate from wk 1 but were not affected by rice straw as an inert bulk source .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Holstein bull calves were used to examine the effect of dry feed on water balance and fecal moisture content during the suckling period .
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| Title: Nitrate-ammonium synergism in rice .
A subcellular flux analysis | | Year: 1999 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10069842 | | Abstract: Many reports have shown that plant growth and yield is superior on mixtures of NO3 and NH4+ compared with provision of either N source alone .
Despite its clear practical importance , the nature of this N-source synergism at the cellular level is poorly understood .
In the present study we have used the technique of compartmental analysis by efflux and the radiotracer 13N to measure cellular turnover kinetics , patterns of flux partitioning , and cytosolic pool sizes of both NO3 and NH4+ in seedling roots of rice ( Oryza sativa L cv IR72 ) , supplied simultaneously with the two N sources .
We show that plasma membrane fluxes for NH4+ , cytosolic NH4+ accumulation , and NH4+ metabolism are enhanced by the presence of NO3- , whereas NO3 fluxes , accumulation , and metabolism are strongly repressed by NH4+ .
However , net N acquisition and N translocation to the shoot with dual N-source provision are substantially larger than when NO3 or NH4+ is provided alone at identical N concentrations . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: In the present study we have used the technique of compartmental analysis by efflux and the radiotracer 13N to measure cellular turnover kinetics , patterns of flux partitioning , and cytosolic pool sizes of both NO3 and NH4+ in seedling roots of rice ( Oryza sativa L cv IR72 ) , supplied simultaneously with the two N sources .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: A "defeated" rice resistance gene acts as a QTL against a virulent strain of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae .
| | Year: 1999 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10071210 | | Abstract: The genetic components responsible for qualitative and quantitative resistance of rice plants to three strains ( CR4 , CXO8 , and CR6 ) of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) were investigated using a set of 315 recombinant inbred lines ( RILs ) from the cross Lemont ( japonica ) x Teqing ( indica ) and a complete linkage map with 182 well distributed RFLP markers .
We mapped a major gene ( Xa4 ) and ten quantitative trait loci ( QTLs ) which were largely responsible for segregation of the resistance phenotype in the RILs .
The Teqing allele at the Xa4 locus , Xa4T , acted as a dominant resistance gene against CR4 and CXO8 .
The breakdown of Xa4T-associated resistance mediated by the mutant allele at the avrXa4 locus in the virulent strain CR6 results from significant changes in both gene action ( lose of dominance ) and the magnitude of gene effect ( approximately 50% reduction ) .
Nevertheless , Xa4T still acted as a recessive QTL with a significant residual effect against CR6 .
The mutant alleles at the avrXa4 locus in CXO8 and CR6 that lead to a reduction in effect , or "breakdown" , of Xa4T were apparently accompanied by corresponding penalties for their fitness .
The quantitative component of resistance to Xoo in the RILs was largely due to a number of resistance QTLs .
Most resistance QTLs mapped to genomic locations where major resistance genes and/or QTLs for resistance to Xoo , blast and sheath blight were identified in the same cross .
Most QTLs showed consistent levels of resistance against all three Xoo strains .
Our results suggest that a high level of durable resistance to Xoo may be achieved by the cumulative effects of multiple QTLs , including the residual effects of "defeated" major resistance genes . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 2.00 ]: Our results suggest that a high level of durable resistance to Xoo may be achieved by the cumulative effects of multiple QTLs , including the residual effects of "defeated" major resistance genes .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The breakdown of Xa4T-associated resistance mediated by the mutant allele at the avrXa4 locus in the virulent strain CR6 results from significant changes in both gene action ( lose of dominance ) and the magnitude of gene effect ( approximately 50% reduction ) .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nevertheless , Xa4T still acted as a recessive QTL with a significant residual effect against CR6 .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The mutant alleles at the avrXa4 locus in CXO8 and CR6 that lead to a reduction in effect , or "breakdown" , of Xa4T were apparently accompanied by corresponding penalties for their fitness .
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| Title: Needs assessment following hurricane Georges--Dominican Republic , 1998 .
| | Year: 1999 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10072265 | | Abstract: Hurricane Georges struck the Carribean Islands in September 1998 , causing numerous deaths and extensive damage throughout the region .
The Dominican Republic was hardest hit , with approximately 300 deaths ; extensive infrastructure damage ; and severe agricultural losses , including staple crops of rice , plantain , and cassava .
Two months after the hurricane , the American Red Cross ( ARC ) was asked to provide food to an estimated 170 , 000 families affected by the storm throughout the country .
To assist in directing relief efforts , CDC performed a needs assessment to estimate the food and water availability , sanitation , and medical needs of the hurricane-affected population .
This report summarizes the results of that assessment , which indicate that , 2 months after the disaster , 40% of selected families had insufficient food > or =5 days per and 28% of families reported someone in need of medical attention .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: To assist in directing relief efforts , CDC performed a needs assessment to estimate the food and water availability , sanitation , and medical needs of the hurricane-affected population .
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| Title: Digestibility index and factors affecting rate of starch digestion in vitro in conventional food preparation .
| | Year: 1999 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10079465 | | Abstract: The rate of starch hydrolysis in ten cereal-based food preparations was studied using an in vitro dialysis system .
The foods were incubated with human saliva and porcine pancreatin .
The sugars released after 3 h digestion were expressed as digestibility index ( DI ) , the percentage starch digested was determined and correlated with the degree of gelatinization ( DG ) .
Granule morphology was also investigated and related with starch availability for hydrolysis .
Significant differences were observed in the in vitro starch digestibility of the 10 foods ( P < 0 . 05 ) .
The DI ranged from 53 for chapathi to 78 for rice flakes .
DI was inversely related to the protein ( r = -0 . 79 , P < 0 . 01 ) , fat ( r = -0 . 63 , P < 0 . 05 ) and energy ( r = -0 . 61 , P < 0 . 01 ) .
Percent starch digested was inversely related to the insoluble ( r = -0 . 49 , P < 0 . 05 ) and total dietary fiber ( r = -0 . 63 , P < 0 . 01 ) content of the foods .
The SEM results provided a better understanding of granular morphology on cooking and the effect of protein on limiting DG .
The results suggest that carbohydrate foods of potential use in the therapeutic diets may be identified by their in vitro digestion characteristics .
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[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The SEM results provided a better understanding of granular morphology on cooking and the effect of protein on limiting DG .
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