| 285 matches found in 115 documents. Search time: 0.005 seconds. |
|---|
|
Score: 1.00 |
|---|
| | Author: van der Knaap E Song WY Ruan DL Sauter M Ronald PC Kende H | | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 120 ( 2 ) P : 559-70 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10364408 Accession (PMID): 10364408 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: We identified in deepwater rice ( Oryza sativa L ) a gene encoding a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like transmembrane protein kinase , OsTMK ( O sativa transmembrane kinase ) . The transcript levels of OsTMK increased in the rice internode in response to gibberellin . Expression of OsTMK was especially high in regions undergoing cell division and elongation . The kinase domain of OsTMK was enzymatically active , autophosphorylating on serine and threonine residues . A cDNA encoding a rice ortholog of a kinase-associated type 2C protein phosphatase ( OsKAPP ) was cloned . KAPPs are putative downstream components in kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways . The kinase interaction domain of OsKAPP was phosphorylated in vitro by the kinase domain of OsTMK . RNA gel-blot analysis indicated that the expression of OsTMK and OsKAPP was similar in different it issues of the rice plant . In protein-binding assays , OsKAPP interacted with a receptor-like protein kinase , RLK5 of Arabidopsis , but not with the protein kinase domains of the rice and maize receptor-like protein kinases Xa21 and ZmPK1 , respectively .
| |
Score: 7.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Century KS Lagman RA Adkisson M Morlan J Tobias R Schwartz K Smith A Love J Ronald PC Whalen MC .
| | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 20 ( 2 ) P : 231-6 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10571882 Accession (PMID): 10571882 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 3.00 ]: The rice resistance gene Xa21 confers resistance against the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) . The molecular genetic mechanism controlling the integration of the Xa21-mediated disease resistance response with the developmental program in rice is under study in this model system . Reproducible means of infecting plants at certain developmental stages were designed based on the timing of full expansion of the leaf . Xa21-resistance progressively increases from the susceptible juvenile leaf 2 stage through later stages , with 100% resistance at the adult leaf 9/10 stage . We found that Xa21 expression is independent of plant developmental stage , infection with Xoo , or wounding . Expression of the Xa21 gene transcript is not correlated with expression of Xa21 disease resistance indicating that the developmental regulation of Xa21-resistance is either controlled post-transcriptionally or by other factors .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice resistance gene Xa21 confers resistance against the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) . The molecular genetic mechanism controlling the integration of the Xa21-mediated disease resistance response with the developmental program in rice is under study in this model system . Reproducible means of infecting plants at certain developmental stages were designed based on the timing of full expansion of the leaf . Xa21-resistance progressively increases from the susceptible juvenile leaf 2 stage through later stages , with 100% resistance at the adult leaf 9/10 stage . We found that Xa21 expression is independent of plant developmental stage , infection with Xoo , or wounding . Expression of the Xa21 gene transcript is not correlated with expression of Xa21 disease resistance indicating that the developmental regulation of Xa21-resistance is either controlled post-transcriptionally or by other factors .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice resistance gene Xa21 confers resistance against the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) . The molecular genetic mechanism controlling the integration of the Xa21-mediated disease resistance response with the developmental program in rice is under study in this model system . Reproducible means of infecting plants at certain developmental stages were designed based on the timing of full expansion of the leaf . Xa21-resistance progressively increases from the susceptible juvenile leaf 2 stage through later stages , with 100% resistance at the adult leaf 9/10 stage . We found that Xa21 expression is independent of plant developmental stage , infection with Xoo , or wounding . Expression of the Xa21 gene transcript is not correlated with expression of Xa21 disease resistance indicating that the developmental regulation of Xa21-resistance is either controlled post-transcriptionally or by other factors .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice resistance gene Xa21 confers resistance against the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) . The molecular genetic mechanism controlling the integration of the Xa21-mediated disease resistance response with the developmental program in rice is under study in this model system . Reproducible means of infecting plants at certain developmental stages were designed based on the timing of full expansion of the leaf . Xa21-resistance progressively increases from the susceptible juvenile leaf 2 stage through later stages , with 100% resistance at the adult leaf 9/10 stage . We found that Xa21 expression is independent of plant developmental stage , infection with Xoo , or wounding . Expression of the Xa21 gene transcript is not correlated with expression of Xa21 disease resistance indicating that the developmental regulation of Xa21-resistance is either controlled post-transcriptionally or by other factors .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice resistance gene Xa21 confers resistance against the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) . The molecular genetic mechanism controlling the integration of the Xa21-mediated disease resistance response with the developmental program in rice is under study in this model system . Reproducible means of infecting plants at certain developmental stages were designed based on the timing of full expansion of the leaf . Xa21-resistance progressively increases from the susceptible juvenile leaf 2 stage through later stages , with 100% resistance at the adult leaf 9/10 stage . We found that Xa21 expression is independent of plant developmental stage , infection with Xoo , or wounding . Expression of the Xa21 gene transcript is not correlated with expression of Xa21 disease resistance indicating that the developmental regulation of Xa21-resistance is either controlled post-transcriptionally or by other factors .
| |
Score: 1.00 |
|---|
| | Author: He Z Wang ZY Li J Zhu Q Lamb C Ronald P Chory J | | Journal: Science Citation: V : 288 ( 5475 ) P : 2360-3 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10875920 Accession (PMID): 10875920 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: An assay was developed to study plant receptor kinase activation and signaling mechanisms . The extracellular leucine-rich repeat ( LRR ) and transmembrane domains of the Arabidopsis receptor kinase BRI1 , which is implicated in brassinosteroid signaling , were fused to the serine/threonine kinase domain of XA21 , the rice disease resistance receptor . The chimeric receptor initiates plant defense responses in rice cells upon treatment with brassinosteroids . These results , which indicate that the extracellular domain of BRI1 perceives brassinosteroids , suggest a general signaling mechanism for the LRR receptor kinases of plants . This system should allow the discovery of ligands for the LRR kinases , the largest group of plant receptor kinases .
| |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Zhao B Wang WM Zheng XW Wang CL Ma BJ Xue QZ Zhu LH Zhai WX .
| | Journal: Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao Citation: V : 16 ( 2 ) P : 137-41 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10976312 Accession (PMID): 10976312 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of two-line genic male sterile Indica rice variety Peiai 64S was conducted using a cloned gene , Xa21 , as the foreign gene and mature embryo calli as the recipients . A total of 46 transgenic plants had been obtained . The PCR analysis and Southern blotting showed the integration of Xa21 gene into the genome the transgenic plants . Results of inoculation with philippine race 6 of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae indicated that most of transgenic plants obtained high resistance to rice bacterial blight disease ( Xoo ) . Analyses of T1 plants of the tested transgenic lines showed that integrated Xa21 gene could be steadily inherited and segregated in a 3 : 1 ratio .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of two-line genic male sterile Indica rice variety Peiai 64S was conducted using a cloned gene , Xa21 , as the foreign gene and mature embryo calli as the recipients . A total of 46 transgenic plants had been obtained . The PCR analysis and Southern blotting showed the integration of Xa21 gene into the genome the transgenic plants . Results of inoculation with philippine race 6 of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae indicated that most of transgenic plants obtained high resistance to rice bacterial blight disease ( Xoo ) . Analyses of T1 plants of the tested transgenic lines showed that integrated Xa21 gene could be steadily inherited and segregated in a 3 : 1 ratio .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of two-line genic male sterile Indica rice variety Peiai 64S was conducted using a cloned gene , Xa21 , as the foreign gene and mature embryo calli as the recipients . A total of 46 transgenic plants had been obtained . The PCR analysis and Southern blotting showed the integration of Xa21 gene into the genome the transgenic plants . Results of inoculation with philippine race 6 of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae indicated that most of transgenic plants obtained high resistance to rice bacterial blight disease ( Xoo ) . Analyses of T1 plants of the tested transgenic lines showed that integrated Xa21 gene could be steadily inherited and segregated in a 3 : 1 ratio .
| |
Score: 1.00 |
|---|
| | Author: He ZH Dong HT Dong JX Li DB Ronald PC .
| | Journal: Mol . Gen . Genet . Citation: V : 264 ( 1-2 ) P : 2-10 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11016827 Accession (PMID): 11016827 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: A rice transcript , Rim2 , was identified that accumulated in both incompatible and compatible interactions between rice and Magnaporthe grisea . The Rim2 transcript also accumulated in response to treatment with a cell wall elicitor derived from M grisea . A 3 . 3-kb RIM2 cDNA clone was isolated and is predicted to encode a protein of 653 amino acids , which shares 32 55% identity with TNP2-like proteins encoded by CACTA transposons of other plants . A 1 . 05-kb segment of the Rim2 sequence shows 82% nucleotide sequence identity with sequences flanking the A1 and C members of the rice Xa21 disease resistance gene family . The 5-upstream region of Rim2 was cloned and the transcriptional start sites were identified . The 5 and 3 noncoding termini of Rim2 are AT-rich . A cis-element showing similarity to a sequence that mediates defense-associated transcriptional activation of the tobacco retrotransposon Tnt1 , and four motifs that fit the consensus sequence of the elicitor-responsive elements in the promoters of the parsley PR-1 genes were found in the 5-upstream region . Four imperfect tandem repeats were identified in the 3 noncoding terminus . Southern analysis with genomic DNA from different rice species indicated that Rim2 is present in 3-4 copies per genome . These results suggest that Rim2 may be one component of a large CACTA-like element , whose transcript accumulates in response to attack by pathogens .
| |
Score: 2.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Fang J Zhai WX Wang WM Li SW Zhu LH .
| | Journal: Yi Chuan Xue Bao Citation: V : 28 ( 4 ) P : 345-51 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11329876 Accession (PMID): 11329876 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens has technically matured to some extent , but the mechanics of T-DNA integration in transgenic rice remains largely unknown . Using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR ( TAIL-PCR ) , we analyzed the flanking sequences of T-DNAs in transgenic rice plants , in which the resistance gene for rice bacterial blight disease , Xa21 , had been integrated stably . Sequence analysis of 24 fragments amplified by TAIL-PCR showed that of them 14 were rice genomic DNA , 9 contained vector backbone sequences , and one was a fragment of the exogenous gene Xa21 . The characteristics of the 14 rice genomic DNA sequences at T-DNA integrated sites are significantly different from those of the reported rice genomic sequences into which exogenous genes were integrated through direct DNA transformation methods . T-DNA border sequences integrated in rice genome have similar features as those integrated in dicotyledonous genomes . In the backbone containing flanking sequences ( 37 . 5% , 9/24 ) vector backbones appeared in different types .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens has technically matured to some extent , but the mechanics of T-DNA integration in transgenic rice remains largely unknown . Using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR ( TAIL-PCR ) , we analyzed the flanking sequences of T-DNAs in transgenic rice plants , in which the resistance gene for rice bacterial blight disease , Xa21 , had been integrated stably . Sequence analysis of 24 fragments amplified by TAIL-PCR showed that of them 14 were rice genomic DNA , 9 contained vector backbone sequences , and one was a fragment of the exogenous gene Xa21 . The characteristics of the 14 rice genomic DNA sequences at T-DNA integrated sites are significantly different from those of the reported rice genomic sequences into which exogenous genes were integrated through direct DNA transformation methods . T-DNA border sequences integrated in rice genome have similar features as those integrated in dicotyledonous genomes . In the backbone containing flanking sequences ( 37 . 5% , 9/24 ) vector backbones appeared in different types .
| |
Score: 1.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Yang ZN Ye XR Choi S Molina J Moonan F Wing RA Roose ML Mirkov TE .
| | Journal: Genome Citation: V : 44 ( 3 ) P : 382-93 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11444697 Accession (PMID): 11444697 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The citrus tristeza virus resistance gene ( Ctv ) is a single dominant gene in Poncirus trifoliata , a sexually compatible relative of citrus . To clone this gene , a bacterial artificial chromosome ( BAC ) library has been constructed from an individual plant that was homozygous for Ctv . This library contains 45 , 696 clones with an average insert size of 80 kb , corresponding to 9 . 6 genome equivalents . Screening of the BAC library with five chloroplast DNA probes indicated that 0 . 58% of the BAC clones contained chloroplast-derived inserts . The chromosome walk across the Ctv locus was initiated using three closely linked genetic markers : C19 , AD8 , and Z16 . The walk has been completed and a contig of ca 1 . 2 Mb was constructed . Based on new data , the genetic map in the Ctv region was revised , with Ctv being located between AD8-Z16 and C19 at distances of 1 . 2 and 0 . 6 cM , respectively . Utilizing DNA fragments isolated from the contig as RFLP markers , the Ctv locus was further mapped to a region of ca 300 kb . This contig contains several putative disease-resistance genes similar to the rice Xa21 gene , the tomato Cf-2 gene , and the Arabidopsis thaliana RPS2 gene . This library will therefore allow cloning of Ctv and other putative disease-resistance genes .
| |
Score: 2.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Davierwala AP Reddy AP Lagu MD Ranjekar PK Gupta VS .
| | Journal: Biochem . Genet . Citation: V : 39 ( 7-8 ) P : 261-78 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11590832 Accession (PMID): 11590832 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae is one of the most important diseases affecting rice production in Asia . We were interested in surveying rice genotypes that are popularly used in the Indian breeding program for conferring resistance to bacterial blight , using 11 STMS and 6 STS markers . The basis of selection of these DNA markers was their close linkage to xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 genes and their positions on the rice genetic map relative to bacterial blight resistance genes . Eight lines were found to contain the xa5 gene while two lines contained Xa21 gene and none of the lines contained the xa13 gene with the exception of its near-isogenic line . Using the polymorphic markers obtained in the initial survey , marker-assisted selection was performed in the F3 population of a cross between IR-64 and IET-14444 to detect lines containing multiple resistance genes . Of the 59 progeny lines analyzed , eight lines contained both the resistance genes , xa5 and Xa4 .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae is one of the most important diseases affecting rice production in Asia . We were interested in surveying rice genotypes that are popularly used in the Indian breeding program for conferring resistance to bacterial blight , using 11 STMS and 6 STS markers . The basis of selection of these DNA markers was their close linkage to xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 genes and their positions on the rice genetic map relative to bacterial blight resistance genes . Eight lines were found to contain the xa5 gene while two lines contained Xa21 gene and none of the lines contained the xa13 gene with the exception of its near-isogenic line . Using the polymorphic markers obtained in the initial survey , marker-assisted selection was performed in the F3 population of a cross between IR-64 and IET-14444 to detect lines containing multiple resistance genes . Of the 59 progeny lines analyzed , eight lines contained both the resistance genes , xa5 and Xa4 .
| |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Li ZK Sanchez A Angeles E Singh S Domingo J Huang N Khush GS .
| | Journal: Genetics Citation: V : 159 ( 2 ) P : 757-65 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11606550 Accession (PMID): 11606550 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The resistance of rice to its bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) has both qualitative and quantitative components that were investigated using three near-isogenic line sets for four resistance ( R ) genes ( Xa4 , xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 ) and 12 Xoo races . Our results indicate that these two resistance components of rice plants were associated with the properties of the R genes . The qualitative component of the R genes was reflected by their large effects against corresponding avirulent Xoo races . The quantitative component of the R genes was their residual effects against corresponding virulent races and their epistatic effects , which together could lead to high-level resistance in a race-specific manner . Our results revealed important differences between the different types of R genes . Two R genes , Xa4 and Xa21 , showed complete dominance against the avirulent Xoo races and had large residual effects against virulent ones . They acted independently and cumulatively , suggesting they are involved in different pathways of the rice defensive system . The third R gene , xa5 , showed partial dominance or additivity to the avirulent Xoo races and had relatively small but significant residual effects against the virulent races . In contrast , xa13 was completely recessive , had no residual effects against the virulent races , and showed more pronounced race specificity . There was a strong interaction leading to increased resistance between xa13 and xa5 and between either of them and Xa4 or Xa21 , suggesting their regulatory roles in the rice defensive pathway ( s ) .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The resistance of rice to its bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) has both qualitative and quantitative components that were investigated using three near-isogenic line sets for four resistance ( R ) genes ( Xa4 , xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 ) and 12 Xoo races . Our results indicate that these two resistance components of rice plants were associated with the properties of the R genes . The qualitative component of the R genes was reflected by their large effects against corresponding avirulent Xoo races . The quantitative component of the R genes was their residual effects against corresponding virulent races and their epistatic effects , which together could lead to high-level resistance in a race-specific manner . Our results revealed important differences between the different types of R genes . Two R genes , Xa4 and Xa21 , showed complete dominance against the avirulent Xoo races and had large residual effects against virulent ones . They acted independently and cumulatively , suggesting they are involved in different pathways of the rice defensive system . The third R gene , xa5 , showed partial dominance or additivity to the avirulent Xoo races and had relatively small but significant residual effects against the virulent races . In contrast , xa13 was completely recessive , had no residual effects against the virulent races , and showed more pronounced race specificity . There was a strong interaction leading to increased resistance between xa13 and xa5 and between either of them and Xa4 or Xa21 , suggesting their regulatory roles in the rice defensive pathway ( s ) . Our results indicated that high-level and durable resistance to Xoo should be more efficiently achieved by pyramiding different types of R genes .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: The resistance of rice to its bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) has both qualitative and quantitative components that were investigated using three near-isogenic line sets for four resistance ( R ) genes ( Xa4 , xa5 , xa13 , and Xa21 ) and 12 Xoo races . Our results indicate that these two resistance components of rice plants were associated with the properties of the R genes . The qualitative component of the R genes was reflected by their large effects against corresponding avirulent Xoo races . The quantitative component of the R genes was their residual effects against corresponding virulent races and their epistatic effects , which together could lead to high-level resistance in a race-specific manner . Our results revealed important differences between the different types of R genes . Two R genes , Xa4 and Xa21 , showed complete dominance against the avirulent Xoo races and had large residual effects against virulent ones . They acted independently and cumulatively , suggesting they are involved in different pathways of the rice defensive system . The third R gene , xa5 , showed partial dominance or additivity to the avirulent Xoo races and had relatively small but significant residual effects against the virulent races . In contrast , xa13 was completely recessive , had no residual effects against the virulent races , and showed more pronounced race specificity . There was a strong interaction leading to increased resistance between xa13 and xa5 and between either of them and Xa4 or Xa21 , suggesting their regulatory roles in the rice defensive pathway ( s ) . Our results indicated that high-level and durable resistance to Xoo should be more efficiently achieved by pyramiding different types of R genes .
| |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Li XB Yi CD Zhai WX Yang ZY Zhu LH .
| | Journal: Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao Citation: V : 17 ( 4 ) P : 380-4 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11702691 Accession (PMID): 11702691 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The cloned bacterial blight ( BB ) resistance gene Xa21 was transferred into C418 , a major restorer line of japonica hybrid rice in China , using an Agrobacterium-mediated system . The integrated single copy of transgene displayed a 3 : 1 segregation ratio in T1 generation in PCR and resistance analyses . The transgenic homozygous C418-Xa21 lines were selected in T2 generation through PCR and resistance analyses . The selected transgenic restorer lines were then crossed with a commonly used sterile line , TijinA , to produce Xa21 transgenic hybrid rice . Molecular analysis revealed that the produced hybrid rice , named as Tiyou418-Xa21 , inherited the transgene . Both C418-Xa21 and Tiyou418-Xa21 plants displayed high resistance with a broad spectrum to Xoo races and maintained their normal elite agronomic characters . We also observed that the resistance level of Tiyou418-Xa21 was obviously higher than that of C418-Xa21 which may be attributed to their differences in genetic background . The propagation of this BB resistant hybrid variety with the transgene Xa21 with extend hybrid rice production in north China .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The cloned bacterial blight ( BB ) resistance gene Xa21 was transferred into C418 , a major restorer line of japonica hybrid rice in China , using an Agrobacterium-mediated system . The integrated single copy of transgene displayed a 3 : 1 segregation ratio in T1 generation in PCR and resistance analyses . The transgenic homozygous C418-Xa21 lines were selected in T2 generation through PCR and resistance analyses . The selected transgenic restorer lines were then crossed with a commonly used sterile line , TijinA , to produce Xa21 transgenic hybrid rice . Molecular analysis revealed that the produced hybrid rice , named as Tiyou418-Xa21 , inherited the transgene . Both C418-Xa21 and Tiyou418-Xa21 plants displayed high resistance with a broad spectrum to Xoo races and maintained their normal elite agronomic characters . We also observed that the resistance level of Tiyou418-Xa21 was obviously higher than that of C418-Xa21 which may be attributed to their differences in genetic background . The propagation of this BB resistant hybrid variety with the transgene Xa21 with extend hybrid rice production in north China .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The cloned bacterial blight ( BB ) resistance gene Xa21 was transferred into C418 , a major restorer line of japonica hybrid rice in China , using an Agrobacterium-mediated system . The integrated single copy of transgene displayed a 3 : 1 segregation ratio in T1 generation in PCR and resistance analyses . The transgenic homozygous C418-Xa21 lines were selected in T2 generation through PCR and resistance analyses . The selected transgenic restorer lines were then crossed with a commonly used sterile line , TijinA , to produce Xa21 transgenic hybrid rice . Molecular analysis revealed that the produced hybrid rice , named as Tiyou418-Xa21 , inherited the transgene . Both C418-Xa21 and Tiyou418-Xa21 plants displayed high resistance with a broad spectrum to Xoo races and maintained their normal elite agronomic characters . We also observed that the resistance level of Tiyou418-Xa21 was obviously higher than that of C418-Xa21 which may be attributed to their differences in genetic background . The propagation of this BB resistant hybrid variety with the transgene Xa21 with extend hybrid rice production in north China .
| |
Score: 9.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Liu GZ Pi LY Walker JC Ronald PC Song WY .
| | Journal: J Biol . Chem . Citation: V : 277 ( 23 ) P : 20264-9 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11927577 Accession (PMID): 11927577 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: The rice disease resistance gene , Xa21 , encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain . The putative XA21 kinase domain was expressed as maltose-binding and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli . The fusion proteins are capable of autophosphorylation . Phosphoamino acid analysis of the glutathione S-transferase fusion protein indicates that only serine and threonine residues are phosphorylated . The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism . Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase . The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) . The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively . Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated . Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice disease resistance gene , Xa21 , encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain . The putative XA21 kinase domain was expressed as maltose-binding and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli . The fusion proteins are capable of autophosphorylation . Phosphoamino acid analysis of the glutathione S-transferase fusion protein indicates that only serine and threonine residues are phosphorylated . The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism . Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase . The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) . The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively . Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated . Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice disease resistance gene , Xa21 , encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain . The putative XA21 kinase domain was expressed as maltose-binding and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli . The fusion proteins are capable of autophosphorylation . Phosphoamino acid analysis of the glutathione S-transferase fusion protein indicates that only serine and threonine residues are phosphorylated . The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism . Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase . The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) . The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively . Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated . Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice disease resistance gene , Xa21 , encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain . The putative XA21 kinase domain was expressed as maltose-binding and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli . The fusion proteins are capable of autophosphorylation . Phosphoamino acid analysis of the glutathione S-transferase fusion protein indicates that only serine and threonine residues are phosphorylated . The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism . Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase . The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) . The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively . Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated . Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice disease resistance gene , Xa21 , encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain . The putative XA21 kinase domain was expressed as maltose-binding and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli . The fusion proteins are capable of autophosphorylation . Phosphoamino acid analysis of the glutathione S-transferase fusion protein indicates that only serine and threonine residues are phosphorylated . The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism . Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase . The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) . The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively . Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated . Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice disease resistance gene , Xa21 , encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain . The putative XA21 kinase domain was expressed as maltose-binding and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli . The fusion proteins are capable of autophosphorylation . Phosphoamino acid analysis of the glutathione S-transferase fusion protein indicates that only serine and threonine residues are phosphorylated . The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism . Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase . The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) . The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively . Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated . Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice disease resistance gene , Xa21 , encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain . The putative XA21 kinase domain was expressed as maltose-binding and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli . The fusion proteins are capable of autophosphorylation . Phosphoamino acid analysis of the glutathione S-transferase fusion protein indicates that only serine and threonine residues are phosphorylated . The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism . Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase . The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) . The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively . Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated . Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice disease resistance gene , Xa21 , encodes a receptor kinase-like protein consisting of leucine-rich repeats in the putative extracellular domain and a serine/threonine kinase in the putative intracellular domain . The putative XA21 kinase domain was expressed as maltose-binding and glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in Escherichia coli . The fusion proteins are capable of autophosphorylation . Phosphoamino acid analysis of the glutathione S-transferase fusion protein indicates that only serine and threonine residues are phosphorylated . The relative phosphorylation rate of the XA21 kinase against increasing enzyme concentrations follows a first-order rather than second-order kinetics , indicating an intramolecular phosphorylation mechanism . Moreover , the active XA21 kinase can not phosphorylate a kinase-deficient mutant of XA21 kinase . The enzymatic activity of the XA21 kinase in a buffer containing Mn ( 2+ ) is at least 15 times higher than that with Mg ( 2+ ) . The K ( m ) and V ( max ) of XA21 kinase for ATP are 0 . 3 microm and 8 . 4 nmol/mg/min , respectively . Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping reveals that multiple sites on the XA21 kinase are phosphorylated . Finally , our data suggest that the region of XA21 kinase corresponding to the RD kinase activation domain is not phosphorylated , revealing a distinct mode of action compared with the tomato Pto serine/threonine kinase conferring disease resistance .
| |
Score: 3.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Shen Y Sharma P da Silva FG Ronald P | | Journal: Mol . Microbiol . Citation: V : 44 ( 1 ) P : 37-48 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11967067 Accession (PMID): 11967067 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) Philippine race 6 ( PR6 ) is unable to cause bacterial blight disease on rice lines containing the rice resistance gene Xa21 but is virulent on non-Xa21 rice lines , indicating that PR6 carries avirulence ( avrXa21 ) determinants required for recognition by XA21 . Here we show that two Xoo genes , raxP and raxQ , are required for AvrXa21 activity . raxP and raxQ , which reside in a genomic cluster of sulphur assimilation genes , encode an ATP sulphurylase and APS ( adenosine-5-phosphosulphate ) kinase . These enzymes function together to produce activated forms of sulphate , APS and PAPS ( 3-phosphoadenosine-5-phosphosulphate ) . Xoo PR6 strains carrying disruptions in either gene , PR6DeltaraxP or PR6DeltaraxQ , are unable to produce APS and PAPS and are virulent on Xa21-containing rice lines . RaxP and RaxQ are similar to the bacterial symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti host specificity proteins , NodP and NodQ and the Escherichia coli cysteine synthesis proteins CysD , CysN and CysC . The APS and PAPS produced by RaxP and RaxQ are used for both cysteine synthesis and sulphation of other molecules . Mutation in Xoo xcysI , a homologue of Escherichia coli cysI that is required for cysteine synthesis , blocked APS or PAPS-dependent cysteine synthesis but did not affect AvrXa21 activity , suggesting that AvrXa21 activity is related to sulphation rather than cysteine synthesis . Taken together , these results demonstrate that APS and PAPS production plays a critical role in determining avirulence of a phytopathogen and reveal a commonality between symbiotic and phytopathogenic bacteria .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) Philippine race 6 ( PR6 ) is unable to cause bacterial blight disease on rice lines containing the rice resistance gene Xa21 but is virulent on non-Xa21 rice lines , indicating that PR6 carries avirulence ( avrXa21 ) determinants required for recognition by XA21 . Here we show that two Xoo genes , raxP and raxQ , are required for AvrXa21 activity . raxP and raxQ , which reside in a genomic cluster of sulphur assimilation genes , encode an ATP sulphurylase and APS ( adenosine-5-phosphosulphate ) kinase . These enzymes function together to produce activated forms of sulphate , APS and PAPS ( 3-phosphoadenosine-5-phosphosulphate ) . Xoo PR6 strains carrying disruptions in either gene , PR6DeltaraxP or PR6DeltaraxQ , are unable to produce APS and PAPS and are virulent on Xa21-containing rice lines . RaxP and RaxQ are similar to the bacterial symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti host specificity proteins , NodP and NodQ and the Escherichia coli cysteine synthesis proteins CysD , CysN and CysC . The APS and PAPS produced by RaxP and RaxQ are used for both cysteine synthesis and sulphation of other molecules . Mutation in Xoo xcysI , a homologue of Escherichia coli cysI that is required for cysteine synthesis , blocked APS or PAPS-dependent cysteine synthesis but did not affect AvrXa21 activity , suggesting that AvrXa21 activity is related to sulphation rather than cysteine synthesis . Taken together , these results demonstrate that APS and PAPS production plays a critical role in determining avirulence of a phytopathogen and reveal a commonality between symbiotic and phytopathogenic bacteria .
| |
Score: 1.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Xie B Zhu XF Zhai WX Lu RL Zhu LH .
| | Journal: Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao Citation: V : 18 ( 1 ) P : 102-5 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11977586 Accession (PMID): 11977586 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: By using rice SSRP , RAPD and AFLP molecular markers , the genome of rice transgenic line "Minghui 63-Xa21" was analyzed . 32 SSRP primers , 42 RAPD primers and 8 AFLP primers could produce obvious PCR bands in the analysis of at least 12 individual plants selected randomly from "Minghui 63-Xa21" T3 generation . Totally 550 PCR bands , equivalent to 550 genomic sites , were detected . Different individual plants of the transgenic homozygous line displayed almost the same PCR pattern . Compared with the control "Minghui 63" , no difference was found in their PCR patterns . This indicated that the introduction of Xa21 into the genome of "Minghui 63" did not change these 550 genome sites and their heredity . Very few variant PCR bands were observed in some individual plants from both "Minghui 63-Xa21" and "Minghui 63" . However , the variant percentage was equivalent between the transgenic line and the non-transgenic control line .
| |
Score: 4.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Zhu XF Chen XW Li XB Qian Q Huang DN Zhu LH Zhai WX .
| | Journal: Yi Chuan Xue Bao Citation: V : 29 ( 10 ) P : 880-6 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12561472 Accession (PMID): 12561472 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: The transformation mediated by Agrobacterium has been successfully applied to rice in recent years . In the previous research we have transferred the Xa21 gene into five rice varieties of China , using Agrobacterium-mediated trasformation . In this study , T-DNA flanking sequences of Xa21 transgenic rice lines were obtained by using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR ( TAIL-PCR ) . The flanking sequences which are actual rice DNA were identified and located on molecular linkage map developed from a ZYQ8/JX17 double haploid ( DH ) population . A total of 22 T-DNA flanking rice sequences were isolated . Nineteen of them displayed RFLPs between the two parents , ZYQ8 and JX17 , and were mapped on the rice chromosomes , 3 , 4 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 and 12 , respectively . The genetic mapping of T-DNA integration sites in Xa21 transgenic rice will benefit the study of position effect and stable inheritance of the transgene Xa21 .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The transformation mediated by Agrobacterium has been successfully applied to rice in recent years . In the previous research we have transferred the Xa21 gene into five rice varieties of China , using Agrobacterium-mediated trasformation . In this study , T-DNA flanking sequences of Xa21 transgenic rice lines were obtained by using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR ( TAIL-PCR ) . The flanking sequences which are actual rice DNA were identified and located on molecular linkage map developed from a ZYQ8/JX17 double haploid ( DH ) population . A total of 22 T-DNA flanking rice sequences were isolated . Nineteen of them displayed RFLPs between the two parents , ZYQ8 and JX17 , and were mapped on the rice chromosomes , 3 , 4 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 and 12 , respectively . The genetic mapping of T-DNA integration sites in Xa21 transgenic rice will benefit the study of position effect and stable inheritance of the transgene Xa21 .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The transformation mediated by Agrobacterium has been successfully applied to rice in recent years . In the previous research we have transferred the Xa21 gene into five rice varieties of China , using Agrobacterium-mediated trasformation . In this study , T-DNA flanking sequences of Xa21 transgenic rice lines were obtained by using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR ( TAIL-PCR ) . The flanking sequences which are actual rice DNA were identified and located on molecular linkage map developed from a ZYQ8/JX17 double haploid ( DH ) population . A total of 22 T-DNA flanking rice sequences were isolated . Nineteen of them displayed RFLPs between the two parents , ZYQ8 and JX17 , and were mapped on the rice chromosomes , 3 , 4 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 and 12 , respectively . The genetic mapping of T-DNA integration sites in Xa21 transgenic rice will benefit the study of position effect and stable inheritance of the transgene Xa21 .
| |
Score: 1.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Datta K Baisakh N Thet KM Tu J Datta SK .
| | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 106 ( 1 ) P : 1-8 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12582865 Accession (PMID): 12582865 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Here we describe the development of transgene-pyramided stable elite rice lines resistant to disease and insect pests by conventional crossing of two transgenic parental lines transformed independently with different genes . The Xa21 gene ( resistance to bacterial blight ) , the Bt fusion gene ( for insect resistance ) and the chitinase gene ( for tolerance of sheath blight ) were combined in a single rice line by reciprocal crossing of two transgenic homozygous IR72 lines . F4 plant lines carrying all the genes of interest stably were identified using molecular methods . The identified lines , when exposed to infection caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae , showed resistance to bacterial blight . Neonate larval mortality rates of yellow stem borer ( Scirpophaga incertulas ) in an insect bioassay of the same identified lines were 100% . The identified line pyramided with different genes to protect against yield loss showed high tolerance of sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani .
| |
Score: 1.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Hunger S Di Gaspero G Mhring S Bellin D Schfer-Pregl R Borchardt DC Durel CE Werber M Weisshaar B Salamini F Schneider K | | Journal: Genome Citation: V : 46 ( 1 ) P : 70-82 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12669798 Accession (PMID): 12669798 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Sequence conservation among resistance genes ( R genes ) was exploited to identify 47 R gene analogues ( RGAs ) from sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L ) . Using degenerate primers , 11 RGAs were amplified from genomic DNA and 7 from leaf or beet cDNA . Twenty-nine were selected from an EST sequencing program . Twenty-one RGAs contained structures similar to the nucleotide binding site ( NBS ) --leucine rich repeat ( LRR ) domain , a motif commonly found in several R genes . Among the remaining RGAs , 19 revealed similarity to the serine ( threonine ) protein kinase domain of R genes , 4 showed features related to the LRR region of the rice disease resistance gene Xa21 , 1 RGA resembled the sugar beet nematode resistance gene Hs1pro-1 , and 2 had homologies to other gene products associated with disease resistance . For 20 EST-derived RGAs , transcript levels were compared in leaf and root it issue revealing organ-specific transcription in 7 cases . Thirty-three RGAs were spread over all nine sugar beet chromosomes , except for a cluster of nine closely linked RGAs on chromosome 7 . The analysis of linkage between RGAs and loci for rhizomania and Cercospora resistance identified alleles associated with resistance in both cases .
| |
Score: 1.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Neu C Keller B Feuillet C | | Journal: Mol .
Plant Microbe Interact .
Citation: V : 16 ( 7 ) P : 626-33 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12848428 Accession (PMID): 12848428 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Cultivated barley , Hordeum vulgare L , is considered to be a nonhost or intermediate host species for the wheat leaf rust fungus Puccinia triticina . Here , we have investigated , at the microscopic and molecular levels , the reaction of barley cultivars to wheat leaf rust infection . In the nonhost resistant cultivar Cebada Capa , abortion of fungal growth occurred at both pre and posthaustorial stages , suggesting that defense genes are expressed throughout the development of the inappropriate fungus during the nonhost resistance reaction . In the two barley lines L94 and Bowman , a low level of prehaustorial resistance to P triticina was observed and susceptibility was comparable to that of wheat control plants . Suppression subtractive hybridization was used to identify genes that are differentially expressed during the nonhost resistance reaction in Cebada Capa as well as during the successful establishment of the inappropriate wheat leaf rust fungus in L94 . Northern analysis indicated that two candidate genes , including a barley ortholog of the rice resistance gene Xa21 , are putatively involved in nonhost and non-race-specific resistance reactions . In addition , a new gene that is specifically induced during the successful development of the inappropriate fungus P triticina in barley has been identified .
| |
Score: 8.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Ronald PC Albano B Tabien R Abenes L Wu KS McCouch S Tanksley SD .
| | Journal: Mol . Gen . Genet . Citation: V : 236 ( 1 ) P : 113-20 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub1362973 Accession (PMID): 1362973 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nearly isogenic lines ( NILs ) of rice ( Oryza sativa ) differing at a locus conferring resistance to the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae were surveyed with 123 DNA markers and 985 random primers using restriction fragment length plymorphism ( RFLP ) and random amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) analysis . One chromosome 11 marker ( RG103 ) detected polymorphism between the NILs that cosegregated with Xa21 . All other chromosome 11 DNA markers tested were monomorphic between the NILs , localizing the Xa21 introgressed region to an 8 . 3 cM interval on chromosome 11 . Furthermore , we identified two polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) products ( RAPD2148 and RAPD818 ) that detected polymorphisms between the NILs . Genomic sequences hybridizing with RAPD818 , RAPD248 and RG103 were duplicated specifically in the Xa21 NIL . All three markers cosegregated with the resistance locus , Xa21 , in a F2 population of 386 progeny . Based on the frequency with which we recovered polymorphic Xa21-linked markers , we estimated the physical size of the introgressed region to be approximately 800 kb . This estimation was supported by physical mapping ( using pulsed field gel electrophoresis ) of the sequences hybridizing with the three Xa21-linked DNA markers . The results showed that the three Xa21-linked markers are physically close to each other , with one copy of the RAPD818 sequences located within 60 kb of RAPD248 and the other copy within 270 kb of RG103 . None of the enzymes tested generated a DNA fragment that hybridized with all three of the markers indicating that the introgressed region containing the resistance locus Xa21 is probably larger than 270 kb .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nearly isogenic lines ( NILs ) of rice ( Oryza sativa ) differing at a locus conferring resistance to the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae were surveyed with 123 DNA markers and 985 random primers using restriction fragment length plymorphism ( RFLP ) and random amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) analysis . One chromosome 11 marker ( RG103 ) detected polymorphism between the NILs that cosegregated with Xa21 . All other chromosome 11 DNA markers tested were monomorphic between the NILs , localizing the Xa21 introgressed region to an 8 . 3 cM interval on chromosome 11 . Furthermore , we identified two polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) products ( RAPD2148 and RAPD818 ) that detected polymorphisms between the NILs . Genomic sequences hybridizing with RAPD818 , RAPD248 and RG103 were duplicated specifically in the Xa21 NIL . All three markers cosegregated with the resistance locus , Xa21 , in a F2 population of 386 progeny . Based on the frequency with which we recovered polymorphic Xa21-linked markers , we estimated the physical size of the introgressed region to be approximately 800 kb . This estimation was supported by physical mapping ( using pulsed field gel electrophoresis ) of the sequences hybridizing with the three Xa21-linked DNA markers . The results showed that the three Xa21-linked markers are physically close to each other , with one copy of the RAPD818 sequences located within 60 kb of RAPD248 and the other copy within 270 kb of RG103 . None of the enzymes tested generated a DNA fragment that hybridized with all three of the markers indicating that the introgressed region containing the resistance locus Xa21 is probably larger than 270 kb .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nearly isogenic lines ( NILs ) of rice ( Oryza sativa ) differing at a locus conferring resistance to the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae were surveyed with 123 DNA markers and 985 random primers using restriction fragment length plymorphism ( RFLP ) and random amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) analysis . One chromosome 11 marker ( RG103 ) detected polymorphism between the NILs that cosegregated with Xa21 . All other chromosome 11 DNA markers tested were monomorphic between the NILs , localizing the Xa21 introgressed region to an 8 . 3 cM interval on chromosome 11 . Furthermore , we identified two polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) products ( RAPD2148 and RAPD818 ) that detected polymorphisms between the NILs . Genomic sequences hybridizing with RAPD818 , RAPD248 and RG103 were duplicated specifically in the Xa21 NIL . All three markers cosegregated with the resistance locus , Xa21 , in a F2 population of 386 progeny . Based on the frequency with which we recovered polymorphic Xa21-linked markers , we estimated the physical size of the introgressed region to be approximately 800 kb . This estimation was supported by physical mapping ( using pulsed field gel electrophoresis ) of the sequences hybridizing with the three Xa21-linked DNA markers . The results showed that the three Xa21-linked markers are physically close to each other , with one copy of the RAPD818 sequences located within 60 kb of RAPD248 and the other copy within 270 kb of RG103 . None of the enzymes tested generated a DNA fragment that hybridized with all three of the markers indicating that the introgressed region containing the resistance locus Xa21 is probably larger than 270 kb .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nearly isogenic lines ( NILs ) of rice ( Oryza sativa ) differing at a locus conferring resistance to the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae were surveyed with 123 DNA markers and 985 random primers using restriction fragment length plymorphism ( RFLP ) and random amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) analysis . One chromosome 11 marker ( RG103 ) detected polymorphism between the NILs that cosegregated with Xa21 . All other chromosome 11 DNA markers tested were monomorphic between the NILs , localizing the Xa21 introgressed region to an 8 . 3 cM interval on chromosome 11 . Furthermore , we identified two polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) products ( RAPD2148 and RAPD818 ) that detected polymorphisms between the NILs . Genomic sequences hybridizing with RAPD818 , RAPD248 and RG103 were duplicated specifically in the Xa21 NIL . All three markers cosegregated with the resistance locus , Xa21 , in a F2 population of 386 progeny . Based on the frequency with which we recovered polymorphic Xa21-linked markers , we estimated the physical size of the introgressed region to be approximately 800 kb . This estimation was supported by physical mapping ( using pulsed field gel electrophoresis ) of the sequences hybridizing with the three Xa21-linked DNA markers . The results showed that the three Xa21-linked markers are physically close to each other , with one copy of the RAPD818 sequences located within 60 kb of RAPD248 and the other copy within 270 kb of RG103 . None of the enzymes tested generated a DNA fragment that hybridized with all three of the markers indicating that the introgressed region containing the resistance locus Xa21 is probably larger than 270 kb .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nearly isogenic lines ( NILs ) of rice ( Oryza sativa ) differing at a locus conferring resistance to the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae were surveyed with 123 DNA markers and 985 random primers using restriction fragment length plymorphism ( RFLP ) and random amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) analysis . One chromosome 11 marker ( RG103 ) detected polymorphism between the NILs that cosegregated with Xa21 . All other chromosome 11 DNA markers tested were monomorphic between the NILs , localizing the Xa21 introgressed region to an 8 . 3 cM interval on chromosome 11 . Furthermore , we identified two polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) products ( RAPD2148 and RAPD818 ) that detected polymorphisms between the NILs . Genomic sequences hybridizing with RAPD818 , RAPD248 and RG103 were duplicated specifically in the Xa21 NIL . All three markers cosegregated with the resistance locus , Xa21 , in a F2 population of 386 progeny . Based on the frequency with which we recovered polymorphic Xa21-linked markers , we estimated the physical size of the introgressed region to be approximately 800 kb . This estimation was supported by physical mapping ( using pulsed field gel electrophoresis ) of the sequences hybridizing with the three Xa21-linked DNA markers . The results showed that the three Xa21-linked markers are physically close to each other , with one copy of the RAPD818 sequences located within 60 kb of RAPD248 and the other copy within 270 kb of RG103 . None of the enzymes tested generated a DNA fragment that hybridized with all three of the markers indicating that the introgressed region containing the resistance locus Xa21 is probably larger than 270 kb .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nearly isogenic lines ( NILs ) of rice ( Oryza sativa ) differing at a locus conferring resistance to the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae were surveyed with 123 DNA markers and 985 random primers using restriction fragment length plymorphism ( RFLP ) and random amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) analysis . One chromosome 11 marker ( RG103 ) detected polymorphism between the NILs that cosegregated with Xa21 . All other chromosome 11 DNA markers tested were monomorphic between the NILs , localizing the Xa21 introgressed region to an 8 . 3 cM interval on chromosome 11 . Furthermore , we identified two polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) products ( RAPD2148 and RAPD818 ) that detected polymorphisms between the NILs . Genomic sequences hybridizing with RAPD818 , RAPD248 and RG103 were duplicated specifically in the Xa21 NIL . All three markers cosegregated with the resistance locus , Xa21 , in a F2 population of 386 progeny . Based on the frequency with which we recovered polymorphic Xa21-linked markers , we estimated the physical size of the introgressed region to be approximately 800 kb . This estimation was supported by physical mapping ( using pulsed field gel electrophoresis ) of the sequences hybridizing with the three Xa21-linked DNA markers . The results showed that the three Xa21-linked markers are physically close to each other , with one copy of the RAPD818 sequences located within 60 kb of RAPD248 and the other copy within 270 kb of RG103 . None of the enzymes tested generated a DNA fragment that hybridized with all three of the markers indicating that the introgressed region containing the resistance locus Xa21 is probably larger than 270 kb .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nearly isogenic lines ( NILs ) of rice ( Oryza sativa ) differing at a locus conferring resistance to the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae were surveyed with 123 DNA markers and 985 random primers using restriction fragment length plymorphism ( RFLP ) and random amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) analysis . One chromosome 11 marker ( RG103 ) detected polymorphism between the NILs that cosegregated with Xa21 . All other chromosome 11 DNA markers tested were monomorphic between the NILs , localizing the Xa21 introgressed region to an 8 . 3 cM interval on chromosome 11 . Furthermore , we identified two polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) products ( RAPD2148 and RAPD818 ) that detected polymorphisms between the NILs . Genomic sequences hybridizing with RAPD818 , RAPD248 and RG103 were duplicated specifically in the Xa21 NIL . All three markers cosegregated with the resistance locus , Xa21 , in a F2 population of 386 progeny . Based on the frequency with which we recovered polymorphic Xa21-linked markers , we estimated the physical size of the introgressed region to be approximately 800 kb . This estimation was supported by physical mapping ( using pulsed field gel electrophoresis ) of the sequences hybridizing with the three Xa21-linked DNA markers . The results showed that the three Xa21-linked markers are physically close to each other , with one copy of the RAPD818 sequences located within 60 kb of RAPD248 and the other copy within 270 kb of RG103 . None of the enzymes tested generated a DNA fragment that hybridized with all three of the markers indicating that the introgressed region containing the resistance locus Xa21 is probably larger than 270 kb .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nearly isogenic lines ( NILs ) of rice ( Oryza sativa ) differing at a locus conferring resistance to the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae were surveyed with 123 DNA markers and 985 random primers using restriction fragment length plymorphism ( RFLP ) and random amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) analysis . One chromosome 11 marker ( RG103 ) detected polymorphism between the NILs that cosegregated with Xa21 . All other chromosome 11 DNA markers tested were monomorphic between the NILs , localizing the Xa21 introgressed region to an 8 . 3 cM interval on chromosome 11 . Furthermore , we identified two polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) products ( RAPD2148 and RAPD818 ) that detected polymorphisms between the NILs . Genomic sequences hybridizing with RAPD818 , RAPD248 and RG103 were duplicated specifically in the Xa21 NIL . All three markers cosegregated with the resistance locus , Xa21 , in a F2 population of 386 progeny . Based on the frequency with which we recovered polymorphic Xa21-linked markers , we estimated the physical size of the introgressed region to be approximately 800 kb . This estimation was supported by physical mapping ( using pulsed field gel electrophoresis ) of the sequences hybridizing with the three Xa21-linked DNA markers . The results showed that the three Xa21-linked markers are physically close to each other , with one copy of the RAPD818 sequences located within 60 kb of RAPD248 and the other copy within 270 kb of RG103 . None of the enzymes tested generated a DNA fragment that hybridized with all three of the markers indicating that the introgressed region containing the resistance locus Xa21 is probably larger than 270 kb .
| |
Score: 4.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Deng Z Gmitter FG .
| | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 108 ( 1 ) P : 53-61 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub13679986 Accession (PMID): 13679986 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene Xa21 represents a unique class of plant disease resistance ( R ) genes with distinct protein structure and broad-spectrum specificity ; few sequences or genes of this class have been cloned and characterized in other plant species . Degenerate primers were designed from the conserved motifs in the kinase domains of Xa21 and tomato Pto , and used in PCR amplification to identify this class of resistance gene candidate ( RGC ) sequences from citrus for future evaluation of possible association with citrus canker resistance . Twenty-nine RGC sequences highly similar to the kinase domain of Xa21 ( 55%-60% amino-acid identity ) were cloned and characterized . To facilitate recovery of full-length gene structures and to overcome RGC mapping limitations , large-insert genomic clones ( BACs ) were identified , fingerprinted and assembled into contigs . Southern hybridization revealed the presence of 1-3 copies of receptor-like kinase sequences ( ie , clustering ) in each BAC . Some of these sequences were sampled by PCR amplification and direct sequencing . Twenty-three sequences were thus obtained and classified into five groups and eight subgroups , which indicates the possibility of enhancing RGC sequence diversity from BACs . A primer-walking strategy was employed to derive full-length gene structures from two BAC clones ; both sequences 17o6RLK and 26m19RLK contained all the features of the rice Xa21 protein , including a signal peptide , the same number of leucine-rich-repeats , and transmembrane and kinase domains . These results demonstrate that PCR amplification with appropriately designed degenerate primers is an efficient approach for cloning receptor-like kinase class RGCs . Utilization of BAC clones can facilitate this approach in multiple ways by improving sequence diversity , providing full-length genes , and assisting in understanding gene structures and distribution .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene Xa21 represents a unique class of plant disease resistance ( R ) genes with distinct protein structure and broad-spectrum specificity ; few sequences or genes of this class have been cloned and characterized in other plant species . Degenerate primers were designed from the conserved motifs in the kinase domains of Xa21 and tomato Pto , and used in PCR amplification to identify this class of resistance gene candidate ( RGC ) sequences from citrus for future evaluation of possible association with citrus canker resistance . Twenty-nine RGC sequences highly similar to the kinase domain of Xa21 ( 55%-60% amino-acid identity ) were cloned and characterized . To facilitate recovery of full-length gene structures and to overcome RGC mapping limitations , large-insert genomic clones ( BACs ) were identified , fingerprinted and assembled into contigs . Southern hybridization revealed the presence of 1-3 copies of receptor-like kinase sequences ( ie , clustering ) in each BAC . Some of these sequences were sampled by PCR amplification and direct sequencing . Twenty-three sequences were thus obtained and classified into five groups and eight subgroups , which indicates the possibility of enhancing RGC sequence diversity from BACs . A primer-walking strategy was employed to derive full-length gene structures from two BAC clones ; both sequences 17o6RLK and 26m19RLK contained all the features of the rice Xa21 protein , including a signal peptide , the same number of leucine-rich-repeats , and transmembrane and kinase domains . These results demonstrate that PCR amplification with appropriately designed degenerate primers is an efficient approach for cloning receptor-like kinase class RGCs . Utilization of BAC clones can facilitate this approach in multiple ways by improving sequence diversity , providing full-length genes , and assisting in understanding gene structures and distribution .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene Xa21 represents a unique class of plant disease resistance ( R ) genes with distinct protein structure and broad-spectrum specificity ; few sequences or genes of this class have been cloned and characterized in other plant species . Degenerate primers were designed from the conserved motifs in the kinase domains of Xa21 and tomato Pto , and used in PCR amplification to identify this class of resistance gene candidate ( RGC ) sequences from citrus for future evaluation of possible association with citrus canker resistance . Twenty-nine RGC sequences highly similar to the kinase domain of Xa21 ( 55%-60% amino-acid identity ) were cloned and characterized . To facilitate recovery of full-length gene structures and to overcome RGC mapping limitations , large-insert genomic clones ( BACs ) were identified , fingerprinted and assembled into contigs . Southern hybridization revealed the presence of 1-3 copies of receptor-like kinase sequences ( ie , clustering ) in each BAC . Some of these sequences were sampled by PCR amplification and direct sequencing . Twenty-three sequences were thus obtained and classified into five groups and eight subgroups , which indicates the possibility of enhancing RGC sequence diversity from BACs . A primer-walking strategy was employed to derive full-length gene structures from two BAC clones ; both sequences 17o6RLK and 26m19RLK contained all the features of the rice Xa21 protein , including a signal peptide , the same number of leucine-rich-repeats , and transmembrane and kinase domains . These results demonstrate that PCR amplification with appropriately designed degenerate primers is an efficient approach for cloning receptor-like kinase class RGCs . Utilization of BAC clones can facilitate this approach in multiple ways by improving sequence diversity , providing full-length genes , and assisting in understanding gene structures and distribution .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene Xa21 represents a unique class of plant disease resistance ( R ) genes with distinct protein structure and broad-spectrum specificity ; few sequences or genes of this class have been cloned and characterized in other plant species . Degenerate primers were designed from the conserved motifs in the kinase domains of Xa21 and tomato Pto , and used in PCR amplification to identify this class of resistance gene candidate ( RGC ) sequences from citrus for future evaluation of possible association with citrus canker resistance . Twenty-nine RGC sequences highly similar to the kinase domain of Xa21 ( 55%-60% amino-acid identity ) were cloned and characterized . To facilitate recovery of full-length gene structures and to overcome RGC mapping limitations , large-insert genomic clones ( BACs ) were identified , fingerprinted and assembled into contigs . Southern hybridization revealed the presence of 1-3 copies of receptor-like kinase sequences ( ie , clustering ) in each BAC . Some of these sequences were sampled by PCR amplification and direct sequencing . Twenty-three sequences were thus obtained and classified into five groups and eight subgroups , which indicates the possibility of enhancing RGC sequence diversity from BACs . A primer-walking strategy was employed to derive full-length gene structures from two BAC clones ; both sequences 17o6RLK and 26m19RLK contained all the features of the rice Xa21 protein , including a signal peptide , the same number of leucine-rich-repeats , and transmembrane and kinase domains . These results demonstrate that PCR amplification with appropriately designed degenerate primers is an efficient approach for cloning receptor-like kinase class RGCs . Utilization of BAC clones can facilitate this approach in multiple ways by improving sequence diversity , providing full-length genes , and assisting in understanding gene structures and distribution .
| |
Score: 8.00 |
|---|
| | Author: Wang GL Wu C Zeng L He C Baraoidan M de Assis Goes da Silva F Williams CE Ronald PC Leung H | | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 108 ( 3 ) P : 379-84 | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub14523518 Accession (PMID): 14523518 | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: The rice gene , Xa21 , confers resistance to diverse races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) and encodes a receptor-like kinase with leucine-rich repeats in the extra-cellular domain . To identify genes essential for the function of the Xa21 gene , 4 , 500 IRBB21 ( Xa21 isogenic line in IR24 background ) mutants , induced by diepoxybutane and fast neutrons , were screened against Philippine race six ( PR6 ) Xoo for a change from resistance to susceptibility . From two greenhouse screens , 23 mutants were identified that had changed from resistant to fully ( 6 ) or partially ( 17 ) susceptible to PR6 . All fully susceptible mutants carried rearrangements at the Xa21 locus as detected by PCR and Southern hybridization . For the partially susceptible mutants , no changes were detected at the Xa21 locus based on Southern and PCR analyses . However , two of these mutants were confirmed via genetic analysis to have mutations at the Xa21 locus . Partially susceptible mutants exhibited variation in level of susceptibility to different Xoo strains , suggesting that they may carry different mutations required for the Xa21-mediated resistance . The mutants identified in this study provide useful materials for dissecting the Xa21-mediated resistance pathway in rice .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene , Xa21 , confers resistance to diverse races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) and encodes a receptor-like kinase with leucine-rich repeats in the extra-cellular domain . To identify genes essential for the function of the Xa21 gene , 4 , 500 IRBB21 ( Xa21 isogenic line in IR24 background ) mutants , induced by diepoxybutane and fast neutrons , were screened against Philippine race six ( PR6 ) Xoo for a change from resistance to susceptibility . From two greenhouse screens , 23 mutants were identified that had changed from resistant to fully ( 6 ) or partially ( 17 ) susceptible to PR6 . All fully susceptible mutants carried rearrangements at the Xa21 locus as detected by PCR and Southern hybridization . For the partially susceptible mutants , no changes were detected at the Xa21 locus based on Southern and PCR analyses . However , two of these mutants were confirmed via genetic analysis to have mutations at the Xa21 locus . Partially susceptible mutants exhibited variation in level of susceptibility to different Xoo strains , suggesting that they may carry different mutations required for the Xa21-mediated resistance . The mutants identified in this study provide useful materials for dissecting the Xa21-mediated resistance pathway in rice .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene , Xa21 , confers resistance to diverse races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) and encodes a receptor-like kinase with leucine-rich repeats in the extra-cellular domain . To identify genes essential for the function of the Xa21 gene , 4 , 500 IRBB21 ( Xa21 isogenic line in IR24 background ) mutants , induced by diepoxybutane and fast neutrons , were screened against Philippine race six ( PR6 ) Xoo for a change from resistance to susceptibility . From two greenhouse screens , 23 mutants were identified that had changed from resistant to fully ( 6 ) or partially ( 17 ) susceptible to PR6 . All fully susceptible mutants carried rearrangements at the Xa21 locus as detected by PCR and Southern hybridization . For the partially susceptible mutants , no changes were detected at the Xa21 locus based on Southern and PCR analyses . However , two of these mutants were confirmed via genetic analysis to have mutations at the Xa21 locus . Partially susceptible mutants exhibited variation in level of susceptibility to different Xoo strains , suggesting that they may carry different mutations required for the Xa21-mediated resistance . The mutants identified in this study provide useful materials for dissecting the Xa21-mediated resistance pathway in rice .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene , Xa21 , confers resistance to diverse races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) and encodes a receptor-like kinase with leucine-rich repeats in the extra-cellular domain . To identify genes essential for the function of the Xa21 gene , 4 , 500 IRBB21 ( Xa21 isogenic line in IR24 background ) mutants , induced by diepoxybutane and fast neutrons , were screened against Philippine race six ( PR6 ) Xoo for a change from resistance to susceptibility . From two greenhouse screens , 23 mutants were identified that had changed from resistant to fully ( 6 ) or partially ( 17 ) susceptible to PR6 . All fully susceptible mutants carried rearrangements at the Xa21 locus as detected by PCR and Southern hybridization . For the partially susceptible mutants , no changes were detected at the Xa21 locus based on Southern and PCR analyses . However , two of these mutants were confirmed via genetic analysis to have mutations at the Xa21 locus . Partially susceptible mutants exhibited variation in level of susceptibility to different Xoo strains , suggesting that they may carry different mutations required for the Xa21-mediated resistance . The mutants identified in this study provide useful materials for dissecting the Xa21-mediated resistance pathway in rice .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene , Xa21 , confers resistance to diverse races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) and encodes a receptor-like kinase with leucine-rich repeats in the extra-cellular domain . To identify genes essential for the function of the Xa21 gene , 4 , 500 IRBB21 ( Xa21 isogenic line in IR24 background ) mutants , induced by diepoxybutane and fast neutrons , were screened against Philippine race six ( PR6 ) Xoo for a change from resistance to susceptibility . From two greenhouse screens , 23 mutants were identified that had changed from resistant to fully ( 6 ) or partially ( 17 ) susceptible to PR6 . All fully susceptible mutants carried rearrangements at the Xa21 locus as detected by PCR and Southern hybridization . For the partially susceptible mutants , no changes were detected at the Xa21 locus based on Southern and PCR analyses . However , two of these mutants were confirmed via genetic analysis to have mutations at the Xa21 locus . Partially susceptible mutants exhibited variation in level of susceptibility to different Xoo strains , suggesting that they may carry different mutations required for the Xa21-mediated resistance . The mutants identified in this study provide useful materials for dissecting the Xa21-mediated resistance pathway in rice .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene , Xa21 , confers resistance to diverse races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) and encodes a receptor-like kinase with leucine-rich repeats in the extra-cellular domain . To identify genes essential for the function of the Xa21 gene , 4 , 500 IRBB21 ( Xa21 isogenic line in IR24 background ) mutants , induced by diepoxybutane and fast neutrons , were screened against Philippine race six ( PR6 ) Xoo for a change from resistance to susceptibility . From two greenhouse screens , 23 mutants were identified that had changed from resistant to fully ( 6 ) or partially ( 17 ) susceptible to PR6 . All fully susceptible mutants carried rearrangements at the Xa21 locus as detected by PCR and Southern hybridization . For the partially susceptible mutants , no changes were detected at the Xa21 locus based on Southern and PCR analyses . However , two of these mutants were confirmed via genetic analysis to have mutations at the Xa21 locus . Partially susceptible mutants exhibited variation in level of susceptibility to different Xoo strains , suggesting that they may carry different mutations required for the Xa21-mediated resistance . The mutants identified in this study provide useful materials for dissecting the Xa21-mediated resistance pathway in rice .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice gene , Xa21 , confers resistance to diverse races of Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae ( Xoo ) and encodes a receptor-like kinase with leucine-rich repeats in the extra-cellular domain . To identify genes essential for the function of the Xa21 gene , 4 , 500 IRBB21 ( Xa21 isogenic line in IR24 background ) mutants , induced by diepoxybutane and fast neutrons , were screened against Philippine race six ( PR6 ) Xoo for a change from resistance to susceptibility . From two greenhouse screens , 23 mutants were identified that had changed from resistant to fully ( 6 ) or partially ( 17 ) susceptible to PR6 . All fully susceptible mutants carried rearrangements at the Xa21 locus as detected by PCR and Southern hybridization . For the partially susceptible mutants , no changes were detected at the Xa21 locus based on Southern and PCR analyses . However , two of these mutants were confirmed via genetic analysis to have mutations at the Xa21 locus . Partially susceptible mutants exhibited variation in level of susceptibility to different Xoo strains , suggesting that they may carry different mutations required for the Xa21-mediated resistance . The mutants identified in this study provide useful materials for dissecting the Xa21-mediated resistance pathway in rice .
| |
