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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 cytoplasmic nonstructural protein .
| | Author: Suzuki N Hosokawa D Matsuura Y Kikuchi A Omura T | | Journal: Arch . Virol . Citation: V : 144 ( 7 ) P : 1371-80 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10481743 Accession (PMID): 10481743 | | Abstract: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and intracellular location of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 , which is encoded by one of the twelve dsRNA genome segments , S12 , and comprises 312 amino acids , was investigated .
When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody .
Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 .
Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well .
Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch .
These results demonstrated that RDV Pns12 was a cytoplasmic nonstructural phosphoprotein . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and intracellular location of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 , which is encoded by one of the twelve dsRNA genome segments , S12 , and comprises 312 amino acids , was investigated . When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody . Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 . Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well . Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and intracellular location of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 , which is encoded by one of the twelve dsRNA genome segments , S12 , and comprises 312 amino acids , was investigated . When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody . Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 . Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well . Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch . These results demonstrated that RDV Pns12 was a cytoplasmic nonstructural phosphoprotein .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and intracellular location of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 , which is encoded by one of the twelve dsRNA genome segments , S12 , and comprises 312 amino acids , was investigated . When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody . Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 . Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well . Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch . These results demonstrated that RDV Pns12 was a cytoplasmic nonstructural phosphoprotein .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and intracellular location of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 , which is encoded by one of the twelve dsRNA genome segments , S12 , and comprises 312 amino acids , was investigated . When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody . Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 . Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well . Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch . These results demonstrated that RDV Pns12 was a cytoplasmic nonstructural phosphoprotein .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and intracellular location of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 , which is encoded by one of the twelve dsRNA genome segments , S12 , and comprises 312 amino acids , was investigated . When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody . Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 . Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well . Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch . These results demonstrated that RDV Pns12 was a cytoplasmic nonstructural phosphoprotein .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody . Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 . Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well . Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch . These results demonstrated that RDV Pns12 was a cytoplasmic nonstructural phosphoprotein .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Glutelin basic subunits have a mammalian mucin-type O-linked disaccharide side chain .
| | Author: Kishimoto T Watanabe M Mitsui T Hori H | | Journal: Arch . Biochem . Biophys . Citation: V : 370 ( 2 ) P : 271-7 Year: 1999 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10510286 Accession (PMID): 10510286 | | Abstract: Characterization was done on the sugar chains of glutelin , a major storage protein in rice seeds .
The basic subunits of glutelin were shown to be glycoproteins by staining with PAS and the lectins concanavalin A ( Con A ) and peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) .
The binding of PNA to the basic subunits was substantially reduced by treatment of the glutelin with NaIO4 , NaOH , or O-glycanase .
The sugar chains of the subunits , obtained by hydrazinolysis and O-glycanase , were pyridylaminated and subjected to 2-dimensional HPLC analysis using C ( 18 ) and acrylamide-derivatized columns .
It was found that the Galbeta-1 , 3GalNAc disaccharide , which was previously identified as a core 1 structure of mucin-type sugar chains , is conjugated to the glutelin subunits .
Furthermore , amino acid sequencing of an 11-kDa peptide of the subunits , recognized by both PNA and Con A , suggested that both N-linked and O-linked glycosylation occurs in the carboxy-terminal region of these subunits . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Characterization was done on the sugar chains of glutelin , a major storage protein in rice seeds . The basic subunits of glutelin were shown to be glycoproteins by staining with PAS and the lectins concanavalin A ( Con A ) and peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) . The binding of PNA to the basic subunits was substantially reduced by treatment of the glutelin with NaIO4 , NaOH , or O-glycanase . The sugar chains of the subunits , obtained by hydrazinolysis and O-glycanase , were pyridylaminated and subjected to 2-dimensional HPLC analysis using C ( 18 ) and acrylamide-derivatized columns . It was found that the Galbeta-1 , 3GalNAc disaccharide , which was previously identified as a core 1 structure of mucin-type sugar chains , is conjugated to the glutelin subunits . Furthermore , amino acid sequencing of an 11-kDa peptide of the subunits , recognized by both PNA and Con A , suggested that both N-linked and O-linked glycosylation occurs in the carboxy-terminal region of these subunits .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Characterization was done on the sugar chains of glutelin , a major storage protein in rice seeds . The basic subunits of glutelin were shown to be glycoproteins by staining with PAS and the lectins concanavalin A ( Con A ) and peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) . The binding of PNA to the basic subunits was substantially reduced by treatment of the glutelin with NaIO4 , NaOH , or O-glycanase . The sugar chains of the subunits , obtained by hydrazinolysis and O-glycanase , were pyridylaminated and subjected to 2-dimensional HPLC analysis using C ( 18 ) and acrylamide-derivatized columns . It was found that the Galbeta-1 , 3GalNAc disaccharide , which was previously identified as a core 1 structure of mucin-type sugar chains , is conjugated to the glutelin subunits . Furthermore , amino acid sequencing of an 11-kDa peptide of the subunits , recognized by both PNA and Con A , suggested that both N-linked and O-linked glycosylation occurs in the carboxy-terminal region of these subunits .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The basic subunits of glutelin were shown to be glycoproteins by staining with PAS and the lectins concanavalin A ( Con A ) and peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) . The binding of PNA to the basic subunits was substantially reduced by treatment of the glutelin with NaIO4 , NaOH , or O-glycanase . The sugar chains of the subunits , obtained by hydrazinolysis and O-glycanase , were pyridylaminated and subjected to 2-dimensional HPLC analysis using C ( 18 ) and acrylamide-derivatized columns . It was found that the Galbeta-1 , 3GalNAc disaccharide , which was previously identified as a core 1 structure of mucin-type sugar chains , is conjugated to the glutelin subunits . Furthermore , amino acid sequencing of an 11-kDa peptide of the subunits , recognized by both PNA and Con A , suggested that both N-linked and O-linked glycosylation occurs in the carboxy-terminal region of these subunits .
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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: Developmentally regulated expression of a peptide : N-glycanase during germination of rice seeds ( Oryza sativa ) and its purification and characterization .
| | Author: Chang T Kuo MC Khoo KH Inoue S Inoue Y | | Journal: J Biol . Chem . Citation: V : 275 ( 1 ) P : 129-34 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10617595 Accession (PMID): 10617595 | | Abstract: Peptide : N-glycanase ( PNGase ; EC 3 . 5 . 1 . 52 ) activity was detected in dormant rice seeds ( Oryza sativa ) and the imbibed rice grains .
Time-course studies revealed that the enzyme activity remained almost constant until about 30 h after imbibition in both of endosperm and embryo it issue-containing areas , and started to increase only in growing germ part , reached a peak at about 3-day stage , followed by a gradual decrease concomitant with a sharp increase in the coleoptile .
The specific activity increased about 6-fold at about 3-day stage .
PNGase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the extracts of germinated rice seeds at 24 h , and the apparent molecular weight of the purified enzyme , estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE ) , was about 80 , 000 .
The purified enzyme was designated PNGase Os to denote its origin .
The N-terminal sequence of the 10 residues was determined to be SYNVASVAGL .
The purified PNGase Os in SDS-PAGE appeared as a rather broad band , consistent with the presence of multiple glycoforms as indicated by chromatographic behavior on a Sephadex G-75 column .
PNGase expressed in coleoptile under anoxia condition was also purified , and both of the purified enzymes were found to exhibit very similar , if not identical , electrophoretic mobility in SDS-PAGE .
PNGase Os exhibited a broad pH-activity profile with an optimum of 4-5 and , interestingly , was significantly inactivated by K ( + ) and Na ( + ) at near the physiological concentration , 100 mM .
These results are discussed in relation to other work . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Peptide : N-glycanase ( PNGase ; EC 3 . 5 . 1 . 52 ) activity was detected in dormant rice seeds ( Oryza sativa ) and the imbibed rice grains . Time-course studies revealed that the enzyme activity remained almost constant until about 30 h after imbibition in both of endosperm and embryo it issue-containing areas , and started to increase only in growing germ part , reached a peak at about 3-day stage , followed by a gradual decrease concomitant with a sharp increase in the coleoptile . The specific activity increased about 6-fold at about 3-day stage . PNGase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the extracts of germinated rice seeds at 24 h , and the apparent molecular weight of the purified enzyme , estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE ) , was about 80 , 000 . The purified enzyme was designated PNGase Os to denote its origin .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Peptide : N-glycanase ( PNGase ; EC 3 . 5 . 1 . 52 ) activity was detected in dormant rice seeds ( Oryza sativa ) and the imbibed rice grains . Time-course studies revealed that the enzyme activity remained almost constant until about 30 h after imbibition in both of endosperm and embryo it issue-containing areas , and started to increase only in growing germ part , reached a peak at about 3-day stage , followed by a gradual decrease concomitant with a sharp increase in the coleoptile . The specific activity increased about 6-fold at about 3-day stage . PNGase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the extracts of germinated rice seeds at 24 h , and the apparent molecular weight of the purified enzyme , estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE ) , was about 80 , 000 . The purified enzyme was designated PNGase Os to denote its origin . The N-terminal sequence of the 10 residues was determined to be SYNVASVAGL . The purified PNGase Os in SDS-PAGE appeared as a rather broad band , consistent with the presence of multiple glycoforms as indicated by chromatographic behavior on a Sephadex G-75 column . PNGase expressed in coleoptile under anoxia condition was also purified , and both of the purified enzymes were found to exhibit very similar , if not identical , electrophoretic mobility in SDS-PAGE .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Peptide : N-glycanase ( PNGase ; EC 3 . 5 . 1 . 52 ) activity was detected in dormant rice seeds ( Oryza sativa ) and the imbibed rice grains . Time-course studies revealed that the enzyme activity remained almost constant until about 30 h after imbibition in both of endosperm and embryo it issue-containing areas , and started to increase only in growing germ part , reached a peak at about 3-day stage , followed by a gradual decrease concomitant with a sharp increase in the coleoptile . The specific activity increased about 6-fold at about 3-day stage . PNGase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the extracts of germinated rice seeds at 24 h , and the apparent molecular weight of the purified enzyme , estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE ) , was about 80 , 000 . The purified enzyme was designated PNGase Os to denote its origin . The N-terminal sequence of the 10 residues was determined to be SYNVASVAGL . The purified PNGase Os in SDS-PAGE appeared as a rather broad band , consistent with the presence of multiple glycoforms as indicated by chromatographic behavior on a Sephadex G-75 column . PNGase expressed in coleoptile under anoxia condition was also purified , and both of the purified enzymes were found to exhibit very similar , if not identical , electrophoretic mobility in SDS-PAGE . PNGase Os exhibited a broad pH-activity profile with an optimum of 4-5 and , interestingly , was significantly inactivated by K ( + ) and Na ( + ) at near the physiological concentration , 100 mM .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The specific activity increased about 6-fold at about 3-day stage . PNGase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the extracts of germinated rice seeds at 24 h , and the apparent molecular weight of the purified enzyme , estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE ) , was about 80 , 000 . The purified enzyme was designated PNGase Os to denote its origin . The N-terminal sequence of the 10 residues was determined to be SYNVASVAGL . The purified PNGase Os in SDS-PAGE appeared as a rather broad band , consistent with the presence of multiple glycoforms as indicated by chromatographic behavior on a Sephadex G-75 column . PNGase expressed in coleoptile under anoxia condition was also purified , and both of the purified enzymes were found to exhibit very similar , if not identical , electrophoretic mobility in SDS-PAGE . PNGase Os exhibited a broad pH-activity profile with an optimum of 4-5 and , interestingly , was significantly inactivated by K ( + ) and Na ( + ) at near the physiological concentration , 100 mM . These results are discussed in relation to other work .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: PNGase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from the extracts of germinated rice seeds at 24 h , and the apparent molecular weight of the purified enzyme , estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE ) , was about 80 , 000 . The purified enzyme was designated PNGase Os to denote its origin . The N-terminal sequence of the 10 residues was determined to be SYNVASVAGL . The purified PNGase Os in SDS-PAGE appeared as a rather broad band , consistent with the presence of multiple glycoforms as indicated by chromatographic behavior on a Sephadex G-75 column . PNGase expressed in coleoptile under anoxia condition was also purified , and both of the purified enzymes were found to exhibit very similar , if not identical , electrophoretic mobility in SDS-PAGE . PNGase Os exhibited a broad pH-activity profile with an optimum of 4-5 and , interestingly , was significantly inactivated by K ( + ) and Na ( + ) at near the physiological concentration , 100 mM . These results are discussed in relation to other work .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The purified enzyme was designated PNGase Os to denote its origin . The N-terminal sequence of the 10 residues was determined to be SYNVASVAGL . The purified PNGase Os in SDS-PAGE appeared as a rather broad band , consistent with the presence of multiple glycoforms as indicated by chromatographic behavior on a Sephadex G-75 column . PNGase expressed in coleoptile under anoxia condition was also purified , and both of the purified enzymes were found to exhibit very similar , if not identical , electrophoretic mobility in SDS-PAGE . PNGase Os exhibited a broad pH-activity profile with an optimum of 4-5 and , interestingly , was significantly inactivated by K ( + ) and Na ( + ) at near the physiological concentration , 100 mM . These results are discussed in relation to other work .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Genotypic characterization of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Peru .
| | Author: Escalante P Ramaswamy S Sanabria H Soini H Pan X Valiente-Castillo O Musser JM .
| | Journal: Tuber .
Lung Dis .
Citation: V : 79 ( 2 ) P : 111-8 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10645449 Accession (PMID): 10645449 | | Abstract: SETTING : Twenty-nine epidemiological unrelated and mostly multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( MDR-TB ) strains from Peruvian patients .
OBJECTIVE : To investigate the molecular genetics of MDR-TB strains recovered in a Latin American country .
DESIGN : Antimicrobial agent susceptibility testing , major genetic group designation , IS6110 fingerprinting , spoligotyping , and automated deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing of regions of the katG , rpoB , embB , gyrA , and pncA genes with mutations commonly associated with drug resistance .
RESULTS : Nineteen isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant by susceptibility testing .
IS6110 typing showed that virtually all isolates were unique and therefore had independently acquired drug resistance .
Seventy-nine percent of isoniazid-resistant strains had a Ser315Thr amino acid change in KatG .
Ninety-five percent of rifampin-resistant isolates had amino acid replacements in the rifampin-resistance determining region of RpoB .
Six of 11 ethambutol-resistant strains had EmbB alterations .
Eleven pyrazinamide-resistant strains had distinct mutations in pncA .
CONCLUSION : Virtually all organisms evolved drug resistance independently .
The types of drug resistance-associated mutations identified were very similar to changes occurring in isolates from other areas of the world .
Nucleotide sequence-based strategies for rapid detection of drug resistance-conferring mutants will be applicable to organisms recovered in Peru , and potentially other areas of Latin America . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: SETTING : Twenty-nine epidemiological unrelated and mostly multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( MDR-TB ) strains from Peruvian patients . OBJECTIVE : To investigate the molecular genetics of MDR-TB strains recovered in a Latin American country . DESIGN : Antimicrobial agent susceptibility testing , major genetic group designation , IS6110 fingerprinting , spoligotyping , and automated deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing of regions of the katG , rpoB , embB , gyrA , and pncA genes with mutations commonly associated with drug resistance . RESULTS : Nineteen isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant by susceptibility testing . IS6110 typing showed that virtually all isolates were unique and therefore had independently acquired drug resistance . Seventy-nine percent of isoniazid-resistant strains had a Ser315Thr amino acid change in KatG . Ninety-five percent of rifampin-resistant isolates had amino acid replacements in the rifampin-resistance determining region of RpoB .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: IS6110 typing showed that virtually all isolates were unique and therefore had independently acquired drug resistance . Seventy-nine percent of isoniazid-resistant strains had a Ser315Thr amino acid change in KatG . Ninety-five percent of rifampin-resistant isolates had amino acid replacements in the rifampin-resistance determining region of RpoB . Six of 11 ethambutol-resistant strains had EmbB alterations . Eleven pyrazinamide-resistant strains had distinct mutations in pncA . CONCLUSION : Virtually all organisms evolved drug resistance independently . The types of drug resistance-associated mutations identified were very similar to changes occurring in isolates from other areas of the world . Nucleotide sequence-based strategies for rapid detection of drug resistance-conferring mutants will be applicable to organisms recovered in Peru , and potentially other areas of Latin America .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Sequence analysis of Pns11 , a nonstructural protein of rice gall dwarf virus , and its expression and detection in infected rice plants and vector insects .
| | Author: Moriyasu Y Ishikawa K Kikuchi A Imanishi S Tomita S Akutsu K Omura T | | Journal: Virus Genes Citation: V : 20 ( 3 ) P : 237-41 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10949951 Accession (PMID): 10949951 | | Abstract: The nucleotide sequence of genome segment S11 of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus , was determined .
The segment encodes a putative protein of 40 kDa that exhibits approximately 37% homology at the amino acid level to the nonstructural proteins Pns10 of rice dwarf and wound tumor viruses , which are other members of Phytoreovirus .
A band of a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa was specifically detected in an analysis of cells transfected with S11 cDNA .
An antiserum raised against this protein reacted with a protein of approximately 40kDa after fractionation by SDS-PAGE of materials prepared from infected plants and from viruliferous vector insects .
However , the antiserum did not react with purified viral proteins .
These results suggest that S11 encodes a nonstructural protein of RGDV .
This protein was named Pns11 . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The nucleotide sequence of genome segment S11 of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus , was determined . The segment encodes a putative protein of 40 kDa that exhibits approximately 37% homology at the amino acid level to the nonstructural proteins Pns10 of rice dwarf and wound tumor viruses , which are other members of Phytoreovirus . A band of a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa was specifically detected in an analysis of cells transfected with S11 cDNA . An antiserum raised against this protein reacted with a protein of approximately 40kDa after fractionation by SDS-PAGE of materials prepared from infected plants and from viruliferous vector insects . However , the antiserum did not react with purified viral proteins . These results suggest that S11 encodes a nonstructural protein of RGDV .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: A band of a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa was specifically detected in an analysis of cells transfected with S11 cDNA . An antiserum raised against this protein reacted with a protein of approximately 40kDa after fractionation by SDS-PAGE of materials prepared from infected plants and from viruliferous vector insects . However , the antiserum did not react with purified viral proteins . These results suggest that S11 encodes a nonstructural protein of RGDV . This protein was named Pns11 .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Sequencing of the rpoB gene in Legionella pneumophila and characterization of mutations associated with rifampin resistance in the Legionellaceae .
| | Author: Nielsen K Hindersson P Hoiby N Bangsborg JM .
| | Journal: Antimicrob .
Agents Chemother .
Citation: V : 44 ( 10 ) P : 2679-83 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub10991843 Accession (PMID): 10991843 | | Abstract: Rifampin in combination with erythromycin is a recommended treatment for severe cases of legionellosis .
Mutations in the rpoB gene are known to cause rifampin resistance in Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis , and the purpose of the present study was to investigate a possible similar resistance mechanism within the members of the family Legionellaceae .
Since the RNA polymerase genes of this genus have never been characterized , the DNA sequence of the Legionella pneumophila rpoB gene was determined by the Vectorette technique for genome walking .
A 4 , 647-bp DNA sequence that contained the open reading frame ( ORF ) of the rpoB gene ( 4 , 104 bp ) and an ORF of 384 bp representing part of the rpoC gene was obtained .
A 316-bp DNA fragment in the center of the L pneumophila rpoB gene , corresponding to a previously described site for mutations leading to rifampin resistance in M tuberculosis , was sequenced from 18 rifampin-resistant Legionella isolates representing four species ( L bozemanii , L longbeachae , L micdadei , and L pneumophila ) , and the sequences were compared to the sequences of the fragments from the parent ( rifampin-sensitive ) strains .
Six single-base mutations which led to amino acid substitutions at five different positions were identified .
A single strain did not contain any mutations in the 316-bp fragment .
This study represents the characterization of a hitherto undescribed resistance mechanism within the family Legionellaceae . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: Rifampin in combination with erythromycin is a recommended treatment for severe cases of legionellosis . Mutations in the rpoB gene are known to cause rifampin resistance in Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis , and the purpose of the present study was to investigate a possible similar resistance mechanism within the members of the family Legionellaceae . Since the RNA polymerase genes of this genus have never been characterized , the DNA sequence of the Legionella pneumophila rpoB gene was determined by the Vectorette technique for genome walking . A 4 , 647-bp DNA sequence that contained the open reading frame ( ORF ) of the rpoB gene ( 4 , 104 bp ) and an ORF of 384 bp representing part of the rpoC gene was obtained . A 316-bp DNA fragment in the center of the L pneumophila rpoB gene , corresponding to a previously described site for mutations leading to rifampin resistance in M tuberculosis , was sequenced from 18 rifampin-resistant Legionella isolates representing four species ( L bozemanii , L longbeachae , L micdadei , and L pneumophila ) , and the sequences were compared to the sequences of the fragments from the parent ( rifampin-sensitive ) strains . Six single-base mutations which led to amino acid substitutions at five different positions were identified . A single strain did not contain any mutations in the 316-bp fragment . This study represents the characterization of a hitherto undescribed resistance mechanism within the family Legionellaceae .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rifampin in combination with erythromycin is a recommended treatment for severe cases of legionellosis . Mutations in the rpoB gene are known to cause rifampin resistance in Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis , and the purpose of the present study was to investigate a possible similar resistance mechanism within the members of the family Legionellaceae . Since the RNA polymerase genes of this genus have never been characterized , the DNA sequence of the Legionella pneumophila rpoB gene was determined by the Vectorette technique for genome walking . A 4 , 647-bp DNA sequence that contained the open reading frame ( ORF ) of the rpoB gene ( 4 , 104 bp ) and an ORF of 384 bp representing part of the rpoC gene was obtained . A 316-bp DNA fragment in the center of the L pneumophila rpoB gene , corresponding to a previously described site for mutations leading to rifampin resistance in M tuberculosis , was sequenced from 18 rifampin-resistant Legionella isolates representing four species ( L bozemanii , L longbeachae , L micdadei , and L pneumophila ) , and the sequences were compared to the sequences of the fragments from the parent ( rifampin-sensitive ) strains . Six single-base mutations which led to amino acid substitutions at five different positions were identified . A single strain did not contain any mutations in the 316-bp fragment .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Genotypic determination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibiotic resistance using a novel mutation detection method , the branch migration inhibition M tuberculosis antibiotic resistance test | | Author: Liu YP Behr MA Small PM Kurn N | | Journal: J Clin . Microbiol . Citation: V : 38 ( 10 ) P : 3656-62 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11015379 Accession (PMID): 11015379 | | Abstract: A novel method for the detection of any alteration within a defined sequence has recently been demonstrated ( A Lishanski , N Kurn , and E F Ullman , Nucleic Acids Res .
28 : E42 , 2000 ; A Lishanski , Clin . Chem . 46 : 9 , 2000 ) .
Essential to this method are the generation of partial duplexes that are capable of forming four-stranded structures and the ability to detect inhibition of branch migration in these structures ( I G Panyutin and P Hsieh , J Mol . Biol . 230 : 413-424 , 1993 ) .
Inhibition of branch migration indicates the presence of sequence alteration .
This mutation detection method , termed branch migration inhibition ( BMI ) , is suitable for the detection of drug resistance in M tuberculosis , which is frequently associated with multiple mutations within known genes .
We describe the genotypic determination of the rifampin ( RMP ) and pyrazinamide ( PZA ) susceptibilities of M tuberculosis isolates , using BMI coupled with the luminescence oxygen channeling immunoassay ( LOCI ) ( E F Ullman et al , Proc . Natl . Acad . Sci . USA 91 : 5426-5430 , 1994 ) .
RMP and PZA resistances are associated with multiple mutations within the rpoB and pncA genes , respectively .
M tuberculosis genomic DNA samples prepared from 46 clinical isolates were used for genotypic determination of RMP resistance in a "blind study . " Similarly , PZA resistance was determined using genomic DNA samples prepared from 37 clinical isolates .
Full agreement of the genotypic and phenotypic determinations of drug susceptibility was demonstrated .
RMP susceptibility determination directly from cells of 10 clinical isolates grown in culture was also demonstrated .
The genotypic result of only 1 out of 10 isolates did not agree with the phenotypic susceptibility testing result .
Sequence analysis of the rpoB gene of this clinical isolate revealed a single base substitution , most likely a silent point mutation .
The new BMI-LOCI mutation detection method is a rapid and accurate procedure for the genotypic determination of the RMP and PZA susceptibilities of M tuberculosis clinical isolates .
BMI can also be detected by using commercially available automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plate formats ( Lishanski et al , Nucleic Acids Res .
28 : E42 , 2000 ) . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Essential to this method are the generation of partial duplexes that are capable of forming four-stranded structures and the ability to detect inhibition of branch migration in these structures ( I G Panyutin and P Hsieh , J Mol . Biol . 230 : 413-424 , 1993 ) . Inhibition of branch migration indicates the presence of sequence alteration . This mutation detection method , termed branch migration inhibition ( BMI ) , is suitable for the detection of drug resistance in M tuberculosis , which is frequently associated with multiple mutations within known genes . We describe the genotypic determination of the rifampin ( RMP ) and pyrazinamide ( PZA ) susceptibilities of M tuberculosis isolates , using BMI coupled with the luminescence oxygen channeling immunoassay ( LOCI ) ( E F Ullman et al , Proc . Natl . Acad . Sci . USA 91 : 5426-5430 , 1994 ) . RMP and PZA resistances are associated with multiple mutations within the rpoB and pncA genes , respectively . M tuberculosis genomic DNA samples prepared from 46 clinical isolates were used for genotypic determination of RMP resistance in a "blind study . " Similarly , PZA resistance was determined using genomic DNA samples prepared from 37 clinical isolates . Full agreement of the genotypic and phenotypic determinations of drug susceptibility was demonstrated . RMP susceptibility determination directly from cells of 10 clinical isolates grown in culture was also demonstrated . The genotypic result of only 1 out of 10 isolates did not agree with the phenotypic susceptibility testing result .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: [ A patient with dysphagia treated successfully and discharged without nutritional support ] | | Author: Okuyama Y Nonomura Y Hatanaka N | | Journal: Gan To Kagaku Ryoho Citation: V : 27 Suppl 3 ( ) P : 754-5 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11190340 Accession (PMID): 11190340 | | Abstract: One of the main targets of medical care provided in our ward , which specializes in the cooperative practice of hospital and home-doctors , is to maintain the quality of patients lives after they are discharged from our hospital through home medical care by home-doctors .
Intravenous hyperalimentation and tube-feeding at home are suitable solutions for some patients with dysphagia after cerebral infarction .
However , the difficulties faced in their management are the burden on the families , which tends to be an obstacle for at-home-practice .
We describe herein a case of severe dysphagia treated successfully through our rehabilitation program and discharged without nutritional supports .
An 82-year-old man was admitted to our hospital suffering from pyrexia and dysbasia .
The man , who lives with his wife and his sons family , was diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia and multiple cerebral infarctions .
The test for swallowing reflex revealed an impaired first phase reflex and intravenous hyperalimentation was performed for his nutritional support .
He was still suffering from dysphagia but had the desire to eat orally after his dysbasia and aspiration pneumonia were cured .
A rehabilitation program was scheduled with the aims of 1 ) recovery of ingestion and 2 ) sufficient expectoration , with an ongoing teaching program for the management of intravenous hyperalimentation .
After one month of rehabilitation ( ice-massaging , muscle rehabilitation of the tongue and neck and expectoration training in a prone position and after gorging ) , his ability to swallow was gradually recovered .
With the frequent confirmation of absence of aspiration , special forms of diets were served and upgraded from jelly , paste-like-food to soft-cooked steamed rice .
The patient is now at home without any nutritional support .
Nutritional management without intravenous hyperalimentation or tube-feeding is important or even essential for some families providing home-care for patients .
The problem of aging requires us to reduce the burden that families ( who may be also getting older ) should carry .
We try to support patients and families for better home-care through cooperation with society and home-doctors .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Intravenous hyperalimentation and tube-feeding at home are suitable solutions for some patients with dysphagia after cerebral infarction . However , the difficulties faced in their management are the burden on the families , which tends to be an obstacle for at-home-practice . We describe herein a case of severe dysphagia treated successfully through our rehabilitation program and discharged without nutritional supports . An 82-year-old man was admitted to our hospital suffering from pyrexia and dysbasia . The man , who lives with his wife and his sons family , was diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia and multiple cerebral infarctions . The test for swallowing reflex revealed an impaired first phase reflex and intravenous hyperalimentation was performed for his nutritional support . He was still suffering from dysphagia but had the desire to eat orally after his dysbasia and aspiration pneumonia were cured . A rehabilitation program was scheduled with the aims of 1 ) recovery of ingestion and 2 ) sufficient expectoration , with an ongoing teaching program for the management of intravenous hyperalimentation . After one month of rehabilitation ( ice-massaging , muscle rehabilitation of the tongue and neck and expectoration training in a prone position and after gorging ) , his ability to swallow was gradually recovered .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: We describe herein a case of severe dysphagia treated successfully through our rehabilitation program and discharged without nutritional supports . An 82-year-old man was admitted to our hospital suffering from pyrexia and dysbasia . The man , who lives with his wife and his sons family , was diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia and multiple cerebral infarctions . The test for swallowing reflex revealed an impaired first phase reflex and intravenous hyperalimentation was performed for his nutritional support . He was still suffering from dysphagia but had the desire to eat orally after his dysbasia and aspiration pneumonia were cured . A rehabilitation program was scheduled with the aims of 1 ) recovery of ingestion and 2 ) sufficient expectoration , with an ongoing teaching program for the management of intravenous hyperalimentation . After one month of rehabilitation ( ice-massaging , muscle rehabilitation of the tongue and neck and expectoration training in a prone position and after gorging ) , his ability to swallow was gradually recovered . With the frequent confirmation of absence of aspiration , special forms of diets were served and upgraded from jelly , paste-like-food to soft-cooked steamed rice . The patient is now at home without any nutritional support .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Transposon impala , a novel tool for gene tagging in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea .
| | Author: Villalba F Lebrun MH Hua-Van A Daboussi MJ Grosjean-Cournoyer MC .
| | Journal: Mol .
Plant Microbe Interact .
Citation: V : 14 ( 3 ) P : 308-15 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11277428 Accession (PMID): 11277428 | | Abstract: impala , a Tc1-mariner transposable element from Fusarium oxysporum , was introduced into the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea to develop transposon-based insertional mutagenesis .
A construct ( pNIL160 ) containing an autonomous impala copy inserted in the promoter of niaD encoding Aspergillus nidulans nitrate reductase was introduced by transformation into a M grisea nitrate reductase-deficient mutant . impala excision was monitored by restoration of prototrophy for nitrate .
Southern analysis of niaD+ revertants revealed that impala was able to excise and reinsert at new loci in M grisea .
As observed for its host Fusarium oxysporum , impala inserted at a TA site left a typical excision footprint of 5 bp .
We have shown that a defective impala copy was inactive in M grisea , yet it can be activated by a functional impala transposase .
A transformant carrying a single copy of pNIL160 was used to generate a collection of 350 revertants .
Mutants either altered for their mycelial growth ( Rev2 ) or nonpathogenic ( Rev77 ) were obtained .
Complementation of Rev77 with a 3-kb genomic fragment from a wild-type locus was successful , demonstrating the tagging of a pathogenicity gene by impala .
This gene , called ORP1 , is essential for penetration of host leaves by M grisea and has no sequence homology to known genes . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: impala , a Tc1-mariner transposable element from Fusarium oxysporum , was introduced into the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea to develop transposon-based insertional mutagenesis . A construct ( pNIL160 ) containing an autonomous impala copy inserted in the promoter of niaD encoding Aspergillus nidulans nitrate reductase was introduced by transformation into a M grisea nitrate reductase-deficient mutant . impala excision was monitored by restoration of prototrophy for nitrate . Southern analysis of niaD+ revertants revealed that impala was able to excise and reinsert at new loci in M grisea . As observed for its host Fusarium oxysporum , impala inserted at a TA site left a typical excision footprint of 5 bp . We have shown that a defective impala copy was inactive in M grisea , yet it can be activated by a functional impala transposase . A transformant carrying a single copy of pNIL160 was used to generate a collection of 350 revertants .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: A construct ( pNIL160 ) containing an autonomous impala copy inserted in the promoter of niaD encoding Aspergillus nidulans nitrate reductase was introduced by transformation into a M grisea nitrate reductase-deficient mutant . impala excision was monitored by restoration of prototrophy for nitrate . Southern analysis of niaD+ revertants revealed that impala was able to excise and reinsert at new loci in M grisea . As observed for its host Fusarium oxysporum , impala inserted at a TA site left a typical excision footprint of 5 bp . We have shown that a defective impala copy was inactive in M grisea , yet it can be activated by a functional impala transposase . A transformant carrying a single copy of pNIL160 was used to generate a collection of 350 revertants . Mutants either altered for their mycelial growth ( Rev2 ) or nonpathogenic ( Rev77 ) were obtained . Complementation of Rev77 with a 3-kb genomic fragment from a wild-type locus was successful , demonstrating the tagging of a pathogenicity gene by impala . This gene , called ORP1 , is essential for penetration of host leaves by M grisea and has no sequence homology to known genes .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Rice alpha-mannosidase digesting the high mannose glycopeptide of glutelin .
| | Author: Kishimoto T Hori H Takano D Nakano Y Watanabe M Mitsui T | | Journal: Citation: V : 112 ( 1 ) P : 15-24 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11319010 Accession (PMID): 11319010 | | Abstract: alpha-Mannosidase ( EC 3 . 2 . 1 . 24 ) from rice dry seeds was purified to homogeneity .
Optimum pH and Km for pNP-alpha-Man hydrolysis were pH 4 . 3-4 . 5 and 1 . 04 mM , respectively .
The enzyme digested mannobioses such as Manalpha-1 , 2Man , Manalpha-1 , 6Man , Manalpha-1 , 3Man but Manalpha-1 , 4Man .
Zn2+ ion was required for the activity , whereas EDTA and swainsonine inhibited the activity by 80 and 96% , respectively .
The rice storage protein , glutelin was prepared and its basic subunits were shown to have high mannose-type sugar chains by two-dimensional mapping using NH2-P and C18 silica columns .
They were Man9GlcNAc2 , Man8GlcNAc2 , Man7GlcNAc2 , Man6GlcNAc2 and Man5GlcNAc2 .
All these oligosaccharides were digested by the purified alpha-mannosidase , and Man-GlcNAc2 and mannose were formed .
Glycopeptides , having these high mannose-type sugar chains , could also be digested by the alpha-mannosidase .
Subunits were prepared from glutelin basic subunit and the richest subunit among them , subunit 2 ( isoform 2 ) , was digested by the alpha-mannosidase .
Isoform 2 was digested by V8 protease only partially and slowly .
However , isoform 2 , pre-treated with the alpha-mannosidase , was rapidly and completely digested by V8 protease .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: alpha-Mannosidase ( EC 3 . 2 . 1 . 24 ) from rice dry seeds was purified to homogeneity . Optimum pH and Km for pNP-alpha-Man hydrolysis were pH 4 . 3-4 . 5 and 1 . 04 mM , respectively . The enzyme digested mannobioses such as Manalpha-1 , 2Man , Manalpha-1 , 6Man , Manalpha-1 , 3Man but Manalpha-1 , 4Man . Zn2+ ion was required for the activity , whereas EDTA and swainsonine inhibited the activity by 80 and 96% , respectively . The rice storage protein , glutelin was prepared and its basic subunits were shown to have high mannose-type sugar chains by two-dimensional mapping using NH2-P and C18 silica columns . They were Man9GlcNAc2 , Man8GlcNAc2 , Man7GlcNAc2 , Man6GlcNAc2 and Man5GlcNAc2 .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Risk factors associated with leptospirosis in northeastern Thailand , 1998 .
| | Author: Tangkanakul W Tharmaphornpil P Plikaytis BD Bragg S Poonsuksombat D Choomkasien P Kingnate D Ashford DA .
| | Journal: Am .
J Trop . Med . Hyg . Citation: V : 63 ( 3-4 ) P : 204-8 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11388516 Accession (PMID): 11388516 | | Abstract: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide distribution caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira .
Humans are infected through direct contact with infected animals or through exposure to fresh water or soil contaminated by infected animal urine .
Leptospirosis is characterized by acute fever that can be followed by a more severe , sometimes fatal illness that may include jaundice and renal failure ( Weils disease ) , meningitis , myocarditis , hemorrhagic pneumonitis , or hemodynamic collapse .
To identify potential risk factors for leptospirosis in Thailand , we conducted a matched case-control study in Nakornratchasrima Province of the northeastern region .
Fifty-nine cases and 118 controls were included in the study .
Four activities in the two weeks prior to illness were independently associated with leptospirosis infection : walking through water ( odds ratio [ OR ] = 4 . 9 , 95% confidence interval [ CI ] = 1 . 7-14 . 1 ) , applying fertilizer in wet fields for more than 6 hr a day ( OR = 3 . 4 , 95% CI = 1 . 5-7 . 8 ) , plowing in wet fields for more than 6 hr a day ( OR = 3 . 5 , 95% CI = 1 . 1-11 . 6 ) , and pulling out rice plant sprouts in wet fields for more than 6 hr a day ( OR = 3 . 1 , 95% CI = 1 . 02-9 . 3 ) .
Identification of these risk factors on admission might prove useful for early diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis in Thailand .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide distribution caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira . Humans are infected through direct contact with infected animals or through exposure to fresh water or soil contaminated by infected animal urine . Leptospirosis is characterized by acute fever that can be followed by a more severe , sometimes fatal illness that may include jaundice and renal failure ( Weils disease ) , meningitis , myocarditis , hemorrhagic pneumonitis , or hemodynamic collapse . To identify potential risk factors for leptospirosis in Thailand , we conducted a matched case-control study in Nakornratchasrima Province of the northeastern region . Fifty-nine cases and 118 controls were included in the study . Four activities in the two weeks prior to illness were independently associated with leptospirosis infection : walking through water ( odds ratio [ OR ] = 4 . 9 , 95% confidence interval [ CI ] = 1 . 7-14 . 1 ) , applying fertilizer in wet fields for more than 6 hr a day ( OR = 3 . 4 , 95% CI = 1 . 5-7 . 8 ) , plowing in wet fields for more than 6 hr a day ( OR = 3 . 5 , 95% CI = 1 . 1-11 . 6 ) , and pulling out rice plant sprouts in wet fields for more than 6 hr a day ( OR = 3 . 1 , 95% CI = 1 . 02-9 . 3 ) . Identification of these risk factors on admission might prove useful for early diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis in Thailand .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: [ QTL dissection of panicle number per plant and spikelet number per panicle in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) ] | | Author: Xu JL Xue QZ Luo LJ Li ZK .
| | Journal: Yi Chuan Xue Bao Citation: V : 28 ( 8 ) P : 752-9 Year: 2001 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub11554350 Accession (PMID): 11554350 | | Abstract: The genetic mechanism underlying panicle number per plant ( PN ) , spikelet number per panicle ( SNP ) and its related traits in rice was analysed using 292 F13 RILs from the cross of Lemont/Teqing and a complete linkage map with 272 molecular markers .
The RILs showed tremendous transgressive segregation for all traits studied .
The weak negative correlation between PN and SNP was observed .
Fifty-one QTLs and 45 epistatic QTL pairs affecting these traits were identified , collectively explaining over 60% of the total variation of individual traits .
Almost all SNP-QTLs were attributable to one or more of its contributing components .
Branching number traits had greater contributions to SNP than length traits , in which the first had twice as many QTLs mapped in the same or near regions with SNP as the latter .
Only two PN-QTLs were mapped in the near regions with those of related traits of SNP , suggesting a reasonable recombination between PN and SNP would be available by marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) .
Some major QTLs including QPn4 for panicle number , QPbn3a , QPbn3b and QPbl4 for panicle branching and length would be of great value in MAS .
It was discussed that a new high-yielding panicle type was resulted from reasonably deploying for QTLs of panicle traits by MAS . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: The weak negative correlation between PN and SNP was observed . Fifty-one QTLs and 45 epistatic QTL pairs affecting these traits were identified , collectively explaining over 60% of the total variation of individual traits . Almost all SNP-QTLs were attributable to one or more of its contributing components . Branching number traits had greater contributions to SNP than length traits , in which the first had twice as many QTLs mapped in the same or near regions with SNP as the latter . Only two PN-QTLs were mapped in the near regions with those of related traits of SNP , suggesting a reasonable recombination between PN and SNP would be available by marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) . Some major QTLs including QPn4 for panicle number , QPbn3a , QPbn3b and QPbl4 for panicle branching and length would be of great value in MAS . It was discussed that a new high-yielding panicle type was resulted from reasonably deploying for QTLs of panicle traits by MAS .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The genetic mechanism underlying panicle number per plant ( PN ) , spikelet number per panicle ( SNP ) and its related traits in rice was analysed using 292 F13 RILs from the cross of Lemont/Teqing and a complete linkage map with 272 molecular markers . The RILs showed tremendous transgressive segregation for all traits studied . The weak negative correlation between PN and SNP was observed . Fifty-one QTLs and 45 epistatic QTL pairs affecting these traits were identified , collectively explaining over 60% of the total variation of individual traits . Almost all SNP-QTLs were attributable to one or more of its contributing components .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The genetic mechanism underlying panicle number per plant ( PN ) , spikelet number per panicle ( SNP ) and its related traits in rice was analysed using 292 F13 RILs from the cross of Lemont/Teqing and a complete linkage map with 272 molecular markers . The RILs showed tremendous transgressive segregation for all traits studied . The weak negative correlation between PN and SNP was observed . Fifty-one QTLs and 45 epistatic QTL pairs affecting these traits were identified , collectively explaining over 60% of the total variation of individual traits . Almost all SNP-QTLs were attributable to one or more of its contributing components . Branching number traits had greater contributions to SNP than length traits , in which the first had twice as many QTLs mapped in the same or near regions with SNP as the latter . Only two PN-QTLs were mapped in the near regions with those of related traits of SNP , suggesting a reasonable recombination between PN and SNP would be available by marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Isolation and characterization of triacontanol-regulated genes in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) : possible role of triacontanol as a plant growth stimulator .
| | Author: Chen X Yuan H Chen R Zhu L Du B Weng Q He G | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 43 ( 8 ) P : 869-76 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12198189 Accession (PMID): 12198189 | | Abstract: Triacontanol ( TRIA ) is a saturated long-chain alcohol that is known to have a growth promoting activity when exogenously supplied to a number of plants .
In this study , dry weight , protein and chlorophyll contents of rice seedlings were increased by foliar application of TRIA .
Leaf net photosynthesis rate ( Pn ) was increased very quickly and persistently at a given photon flux density ( PFD ) .
The TRIA-regulated genes in rice were isolated from cDNA library by differential screening with probes generated from the forward and reverse-suppression subtractive hybridization ( SSH ) populations and confirmed by Northern blot .
Sequence analysis revealed that most of the up-regulated genes encoded the photosynthetic and photorespiratory proteins .
Two down-regulated genes were identified as those encoding an ABA and stress-related protein and a wounding-related protein .
These results suggested that TRIA up-regulated the photosynthesis process and suppressed stresses in rice plants .
Time-course profiles of expression of rbcS isogenes suggested the complex mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthesis promoted by TRIA . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Triacontanol ( TRIA ) is a saturated long-chain alcohol that is known to have a growth promoting activity when exogenously supplied to a number of plants . In this study , dry weight , protein and chlorophyll contents of rice seedlings were increased by foliar application of TRIA . Leaf net photosynthesis rate ( Pn ) was increased very quickly and persistently at a given photon flux density ( PFD ) . The TRIA-regulated genes in rice were isolated from cDNA library by differential screening with probes generated from the forward and reverse-suppression subtractive hybridization ( SSH ) populations and confirmed by Northern blot . Sequence analysis revealed that most of the up-regulated genes encoded the photosynthetic and photorespiratory proteins . Two down-regulated genes were identified as those encoding an ABA and stress-related protein and a wounding-related protein . These results suggested that TRIA up-regulated the photosynthesis process and suppressed stresses in rice plants .
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Score: 11.00 |
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| Title: Purification and characterization of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase from rice seeds .
| | Author: Jin YL Jo YY Kim KY Shim JH Kim YW Park RD .
| | Journal: J Biochem . Mol . Biol . Citation: V : 35 ( 3 ) P : 313-9 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12297015 Accession (PMID): 12297015 | | Abstract: N-Acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidase ( beta-HexNAcase ) ( EC 3 . 2 . 1 . 52 ) was purified from rice seeds ( Oryza sativa L var .
Dongjin ) using ammonium sulfate ( 80% ) precipitation , Sephadex G-150 , CM-Sephadex , and DEAE-Sephadex chromatography , sequentially .
The activities were separated into 7 fractions ( Fsub1 ; - F7sub7 ) by CM-Sephadex chromatography .
Among them , F6 was further purified to homogeneity with a 13 . 0% yield and 123 . 3 purification-fold .
The molecular mass was estimated to be about 52 kDa on SDS-PAGE and 37 . 4 kDa on Sephacryl S 300 gel filtration .
The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of both p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide ( pNP-GlcNAc ) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide ( pNPGalNAc ) as substrates , which are typical properties of beta-HexNAcase .
The ratio of the pNP-GlcNAcase activity to the pNP-GalNAcase activity was 4 . 0 .
However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside .
The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively .
The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site .
The purified enzyme exhibited optimum pH and temperature for pNPGlcNAc of 5 . 0 and 50 degrees C , respectively .
The enzyme activity for pNP-GlcNAc was stable at pH 5 . 0-5 . 5 and 20-40 degrees C The enzyme activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of 0 . 1 mM HgCl ( 2 ) and AgNO ( 3 ) , suggesting that the intact thiol group is essential for activity .
Chloramine T completely inhibited the activity , indicating the possible involvement of methionines in the mechanism of the enzyme . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: Dongjin ) using ammonium sulfate ( 80% ) precipitation , Sephadex G-150 , CM-Sephadex , and DEAE-Sephadex chromatography , sequentially . The activities were separated into 7 fractions ( Fsub1 ; - F7sub7 ) by CM-Sephadex chromatography . Among them , F6 was further purified to homogeneity with a 13 . 0% yield and 123 . 3 purification-fold . The molecular mass was estimated to be about 52 kDa on SDS-PAGE and 37 . 4 kDa on Sephacryl S 300 gel filtration . The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of both p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide ( pNP-GlcNAc ) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide ( pNPGalNAc ) as substrates , which are typical properties of beta-HexNAcase . The ratio of the pNP-GlcNAcase activity to the pNP-GalNAcase activity was 4 . 0 . However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside . The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively . The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: The activities were separated into 7 fractions ( Fsub1 ; - F7sub7 ) by CM-Sephadex chromatography . Among them , F6 was further purified to homogeneity with a 13 . 0% yield and 123 . 3 purification-fold . The molecular mass was estimated to be about 52 kDa on SDS-PAGE and 37 . 4 kDa on Sephacryl S 300 gel filtration . The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of both p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide ( pNP-GlcNAc ) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide ( pNPGalNAc ) as substrates , which are typical properties of beta-HexNAcase . The ratio of the pNP-GlcNAcase activity to the pNP-GalNAcase activity was 4 . 0 . However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside . The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively . The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site . The purified enzyme exhibited optimum pH and temperature for pNPGlcNAc of 5 . 0 and 50 degrees C , respectively .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: Among them , F6 was further purified to homogeneity with a 13 . 0% yield and 123 . 3 purification-fold . The molecular mass was estimated to be about 52 kDa on SDS-PAGE and 37 . 4 kDa on Sephacryl S 300 gel filtration . The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of both p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide ( pNP-GlcNAc ) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide ( pNPGalNAc ) as substrates , which are typical properties of beta-HexNAcase . The ratio of the pNP-GlcNAcase activity to the pNP-GalNAcase activity was 4 . 0 . However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside . The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively . The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site . The purified enzyme exhibited optimum pH and temperature for pNPGlcNAc of 5 . 0 and 50 degrees C , respectively . The enzyme activity for pNP-GlcNAc was stable at pH 5 . 0-5 . 5 and 20-40 degrees C The enzyme activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of 0 . 1 mM HgCl ( 2 ) and AgNO ( 3 ) , suggesting that the intact thiol group is essential for activity .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 2.00 ]: The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of both p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide ( pNP-GlcNAc ) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide ( pNPGalNAc ) as substrates , which are typical properties of beta-HexNAcase . The ratio of the pNP-GlcNAcase activity to the pNP-GalNAcase activity was 4 . 0 . However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside . The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively . The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site . The purified enzyme exhibited optimum pH and temperature for pNPGlcNAc of 5 . 0 and 50 degrees C , respectively . The enzyme activity for pNP-GlcNAc was stable at pH 5 . 0-5 . 5 and 20-40 degrees C The enzyme activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of 0 . 1 mM HgCl ( 2 ) and AgNO ( 3 ) , suggesting that the intact thiol group is essential for activity . Chloramine T completely inhibited the activity , indicating the possible involvement of methionines in the mechanism of the enzyme .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The molecular mass was estimated to be about 52 kDa on SDS-PAGE and 37 . 4 kDa on Sephacryl S 300 gel filtration . The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of both p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide ( pNP-GlcNAc ) and p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide ( pNPGalNAc ) as substrates , which are typical properties of beta-HexNAcase . The ratio of the pNP-GlcNAcase activity to the pNP-GalNAcase activity was 4 . 0 . However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside . The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively . The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site . The purified enzyme exhibited optimum pH and temperature for pNPGlcNAc of 5 . 0 and 50 degrees C , respectively . The enzyme activity for pNP-GlcNAc was stable at pH 5 . 0-5 . 5 and 20-40 degrees C The enzyme activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of 0 . 1 mM HgCl ( 2 ) and AgNO ( 3 ) , suggesting that the intact thiol group is essential for activity . Chloramine T completely inhibited the activity , indicating the possible involvement of methionines in the mechanism of the enzyme .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: The ratio of the pNP-GlcNAcase activity to the pNP-GalNAcase activity was 4 . 0 . However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside . The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively . The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site . The purified enzyme exhibited optimum pH and temperature for pNPGlcNAc of 5 . 0 and 50 degrees C , respectively . The enzyme activity for pNP-GlcNAc was stable at pH 5 . 0-5 . 5 and 20-40 degrees C The enzyme activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of 0 . 1 mM HgCl ( 2 ) and AgNO ( 3 ) , suggesting that the intact thiol group is essential for activity . Chloramine T completely inhibited the activity , indicating the possible involvement of methionines in the mechanism of the enzyme .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: However , it could not hydrolyze chitin , chitosan , pNP-beta-glucopyranoside , or pNP-beta-galactopyranoside . The enzyme showed K ( M ) , V ( max ) and K ( cat ) for pNP-GlcNAc of 1 . 65mM , 79 . 49mM min ( 1 ) , and 4 . 79 x 10 ( 6 ) min ( 1 ) , respectively . The comparison of kinetic values for pNPGlcNAc and pNP-GalNAc revealed that the two enzyme activities are associated with a single binding site . The purified enzyme exhibited optimum pH and temperature for pNPGlcNAc of 5 . 0 and 50 degrees C , respectively . The enzyme activity for pNP-GlcNAc was stable at pH 5 . 0-5 . 5 and 20-40 degrees C The enzyme activity was completely inhibited at a concentration of 0 . 1 mM HgCl ( 2 ) and AgNO ( 3 ) , suggesting that the intact thiol group is essential for activity . Chloramine T completely inhibited the activity , indicating the possible involvement of methionines in the mechanism of the enzyme .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Maporal viral infection in the Syrian golden hamster : a model of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome .
| | Author: Milazzo ML Eyzaguirre EJ Molina CP Fulhorst CF .
| | Journal: J Infect . Dis . Citation: V : 186 ( 10 ) P : 1390-5 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12404153 Accession (PMID): 12404153 | | Abstract: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome ( HPS ) is a severe and often fatal rodent-borne zoonosis .
Maporal ( MAP ) virus is a newly discovered hantavirus that originally was isolated from an arboreal rice rat captured in central Venezuela .
The results of this study indicate that MAP virus in the Syrian golden hamster ( Mesocricetus auratus ) can cause a disease that is clinically and pathologically remarkably similar to HPS .
The similarities include the time course of clinical disease , presence of virus-specific IgG at the onset of clinical disease , subacute pneumonitis , rapid onset of diffuse alveolar edema in the absence of necrosis , hepatic-portal triaditis , mononuclear-cellular infiltrate in lung and liver , widespread distribution of hantaviral antigen in endothelial cells of the microvasculature of lung and other it issues , and variable lethality .
These similarities suggest that the MAP virus-hamster system is a useful model for studies of the pathogenesis of HPS and for the evaluation of potential therapeutic agents .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome ( HPS ) is a severe and often fatal rodent-borne zoonosis . Maporal ( MAP ) virus is a newly discovered hantavirus that originally was isolated from an arboreal rice rat captured in central Venezuela . The results of this study indicate that MAP virus in the Syrian golden hamster ( Mesocricetus auratus ) can cause a disease that is clinically and pathologically remarkably similar to HPS . The similarities include the time course of clinical disease , presence of virus-specific IgG at the onset of clinical disease , subacute pneumonitis , rapid onset of diffuse alveolar edema in the absence of necrosis , hepatic-portal triaditis , mononuclear-cellular infiltrate in lung and liver , widespread distribution of hantaviral antigen in endothelial cells of the microvasculature of lung and other it issues , and variable lethality . These similarities suggest that the MAP virus-hamster system is a useful model for studies of the pathogenesis of HPS and for the evaluation of potential therapeutic agents .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: [ Leaf photosynthetic acclimation of Echinochloa crusgalli grown in rice field to free-air CO2 enrichment ( FACE ) ] | | Author: Chen G Liao Y Cai S Zeng Q Zhu J Han Y Liu G Xu D | | Journal: Citation: V : 13 ( 10 ) P : 1201-4 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12557659 Accession (PMID): 12557659 | | Abstract: A comparative study was made between the leaves of Echinochloa crusgalli grown at 580 ( FACE ) and 380 ( control , ambient air ) mumol CO2 mol-1 air by observation of net photosynthetic rates ( Pn ) and the contents of soluble protein and the key enzyme of photosynthetic carbon assimilation , Rubisco When measured at the ambient air CO2 concentration ( 380 mumol . mol-1 ) , Pn were significantly lower in leaves grown under FACE conditions than that in those leaves grown in the ambient air .
This indicates that photosynthetic acclimation to high CO2 occurs in the leaves grown under FACE conditions .
Also , the stomatal conductance ( Gs ) and intercellular CO2 concentration ( Ci ) were decreased significantly in the leaves grown under FACE .
The content of total soluble protein was much lower in the leaves grown under FACE conditions than that the in the control , and the content of Rubisco was also decreased in the FACE leaves , but the difference was not significant .
From these results it is deduced that the photosynthetic acclimation to high CO2 in Echinochloa crusgalli leaves grown under FACE conditions is mainly related to the partial closure of stomata and the decrease in soluble protein containing some enzymes . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: A comparative study was made between the leaves of Echinochloa crusgalli grown at 580 ( FACE ) and 380 ( control , ambient air ) mumol CO2 mol-1 air by observation of net photosynthetic rates ( Pn ) and the contents of soluble protein and the key enzyme of photosynthetic carbon assimilation , Rubisco When measured at the ambient air CO2 concentration ( 380 mumol . mol-1 ) , Pn were significantly lower in leaves grown under FACE conditions than that in those leaves grown in the ambient air . This indicates that photosynthetic acclimation to high CO2 occurs in the leaves grown under FACE conditions . Also , the stomatal conductance ( Gs ) and intercellular CO2 concentration ( Ci ) were decreased significantly in the leaves grown under FACE . The content of total soluble protein was much lower in the leaves grown under FACE conditions than that the in the control , and the content of Rubisco was also decreased in the FACE leaves , but the difference was not significant . From these results it is deduced that the photosynthetic acclimation to high CO2 in Echinochloa crusgalli leaves grown under FACE conditions is mainly related to the partial closure of stomata and the decrease in soluble protein containing some enzymes .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: [ Response and acclimation of photosynthesis in rice leaves to free-air CO2 enrichment ( FACE ) ] | | Author: Liao Y Chen G Zhang H Cai S Zhu J Han Y Liu G Xu D | | Journal: Citation: V : 13 ( 10 ) P : 1205-9 Year: 2002 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12557660 Accession (PMID): 12557660 | | Abstract: The net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , water use efficiency ( WUE ) , and apparent quantum yield of carbon assimilation of rice leaves were boserved contrastively under ambient air ( 380 mumol . mol-1 CO2 ) and FACE ( 580 mumol . mol-1CO2 ) .
The results showed that the observed index under FACE were significantly higher than those under ambient air .
Nevertheless , along with the time of high CO2 treatment prolonged , the enhancement effect of high CO2 on net photosynthetic rate declined gradually .
At the same CO2 concentration , Pn and carboxylation efficiency ( CE ) in rice leaves under FACE were lower than those under ambient air .
Although the stomatal conductances in FACE leaves was obviously lower than that in ambient leaves , their intercellular CO2 concentrations were not significantly different , which implied that the photosynthetic down-regulation in rice leaves grown under FACE was not caused by the decrease of stomatal conductance . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , water use efficiency ( WUE ) , and apparent quantum yield of carbon assimilation of rice leaves were boserved contrastively under ambient air ( 380 mumol . mol-1 CO2 ) and FACE ( 580 mumol . mol-1CO2 ) . The results showed that the observed index under FACE were significantly higher than those under ambient air . Nevertheless , along with the time of high CO2 treatment prolonged , the enhancement effect of high CO2 on net photosynthetic rate declined gradually . At the same CO2 concentration , Pn and carboxylation efficiency ( CE ) in rice leaves under FACE were lower than those under ambient air . Although the stomatal conductances in FACE leaves was obviously lower than that in ambient leaves , their intercellular CO2 concentrations were not significantly different , which implied that the photosynthetic down-regulation in rice leaves grown under FACE was not caused by the decrease of stomatal conductance .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , water use efficiency ( WUE ) , and apparent quantum yield of carbon assimilation of rice leaves were boserved contrastively under ambient air ( 380 mumol . mol-1 CO2 ) and FACE ( 580 mumol . mol-1CO2 ) . The results showed that the observed index under FACE were significantly higher than those under ambient air . Nevertheless , along with the time of high CO2 treatment prolonged , the enhancement effect of high CO2 on net photosynthetic rate declined gradually . At the same CO2 concentration , Pn and carboxylation efficiency ( CE ) in rice leaves under FACE were lower than those under ambient air . Although the stomatal conductances in FACE leaves was obviously lower than that in ambient leaves , their intercellular CO2 concentrations were not significantly different , which implied that the photosynthetic down-regulation in rice leaves grown under FACE was not caused by the decrease of stomatal conductance .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Long-term feeding effects of heated and fried oils on hepatic antioxidant enzymes , absorption and excretion of fat in rats .
| | Author: Purushothama S Ramachandran HD Narasimhamurthy K Raina PL .
| | Journal: Mol . Cell . Biochem . Citation: V : 247 ( 1-2 ) P : 95-9 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12841636 Accession (PMID): 12841636 | | Abstract: Long-term feeding effect of heated and fried peanut ( PNO ) , rice bran ( RBO ) and palm oil ( PO ) in the diet on the hepatic antioxidant enzyme status and absorption and excretion of fats were studied in laboratory rats .
The rats were fed oils heated to 180 degrees C continuously for a period of 72 h or laboratory fried at 20% level in the diet for 18 weeks .
The results of the study indicated a significant increase in the catalase activity in HO groups and decrease in the FRO groups .
The GPx activity while significantly low in HO groups was high in FRO groups , whereas , significant decrease in GST activity was observed in both PNO-HO/FRO groups .
Increased activity was noted in RBO-FRO and PO-HO/FRO groups .
The SOD activity showed a mixed response in different heated/fried oils and a marginal increase in the levels of fecal fat excretion was observed in some of the heated/fried oil groups .
The results indicated no appreciable damage with respect to these antioxidant enzymes .
Also , feeding heated fats as high as 20% in the diet for long duration does not result either in reduced food intake or excess fecal fat excretion .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Long-term feeding effect of heated and fried peanut ( PNO ) , rice bran ( RBO ) and palm oil ( PO ) in the diet on the hepatic antioxidant enzyme status and absorption and excretion of fats were studied in laboratory rats . The rats were fed oils heated to 180 degrees C continuously for a period of 72 h or laboratory fried at 20% level in the diet for 18 weeks . The results of the study indicated a significant increase in the catalase activity in HO groups and decrease in the FRO groups . The GPx activity while significantly low in HO groups was high in FRO groups , whereas , significant decrease in GST activity was observed in both PNO-HO/FRO groups . Increased activity was noted in RBO-FRO and PO-HO/FRO groups .
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Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: Molecular marker dissection of rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plant architecture under temperate and tropical climates .
| | Author: Kobayashi S Fukuta Y Sato T Osaki M Khush GS .
| | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 107 ( 8 ) P : 1350-6 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub12920520 Accession (PMID): 12920520 | | Abstract: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants develop vertically with shoot elongation and horizontally with tillering .
The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize genomic regions influencing the rice plant architecture by quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) analysis for the component traits : culm length ( CL ) , panicle length ( PnL ) , panicle number ( PnN ) and tiller number ( TN ) .
For this QTL analysis , 191 recombinant inbred lines ( F ( 7 ) ) derived from a cross of Milyang 23 ( M23 ) and Akihikari ( AK ) were grown in 1995 , 1996 and 1997 ( May-Oct ) in Joetsu , Japan ( temperate climate ) , and in the 2000 dry season ( Jan-Apr ) , the 2000 wet season ( Jun-Oct ) and the 2001 dry season in Los Baos , The Philippines ( tropical climate ) .
Results showed that rice plant architecture was influenced by 19 genomic regions categorized into five groups .
In Group I , two regions ( on chrs .
6 and 11 ) affected shoot elongation ( CL and PnL ) and tillering ( PnN and TN ) in opposite directions more significantly in Los Baos than in Joetsu .
In Group II , two regions ( chrs .
3 and 12 ) affected shoot elongation , whereas in Group III , five regions [ chrs .
1 ( two ) , 2 , 3 and 9 ] affected only culm length ( CL ) .
Expressions of four regions of Group III were influenced by either tropical or temperate environments .
In Group IV , seven regions ( chrs .
1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 and 9 ) controlled panicle development ( PnN or PnL ) , and in Group V , three regions ( chrs .
1 , 2 and 3 ) regulated tillering ( PnN or TN ) .
Characterizing these 19 genomic regions provided a detailed analysis of rice plant architecture with emphasis on the multiple effect and environmental responsive regions . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: Rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants develop vertically with shoot elongation and horizontally with tillering . The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize genomic regions influencing the rice plant architecture by quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) analysis for the component traits : culm length ( CL ) , panicle length ( PnL ) , panicle number ( PnN ) and tiller number ( TN ) . For this QTL analysis , 191 recombinant inbred lines ( F ( 7 ) ) derived from a cross of Milyang 23 ( M23 ) and Akihikari ( AK ) were grown in 1995 , 1996 and 1997 ( May-Oct ) in Joetsu , Japan ( temperate climate ) , and in the 2000 dry season ( Jan-Apr ) , the 2000 wet season ( Jun-Oct ) and the 2001 dry season in Los Baos , The Philippines ( tropical climate ) . Results showed that rice plant architecture was influenced by 19 genomic regions categorized into five groups . In Group I , two regions ( on chrs . 6 and 11 ) affected shoot elongation ( CL and PnL ) and tillering ( PnN and TN ) in opposite directions more significantly in Los Baos than in Joetsu .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize genomic regions influencing the rice plant architecture by quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) analysis for the component traits : culm length ( CL ) , panicle length ( PnL ) , panicle number ( PnN ) and tiller number ( TN ) . For this QTL analysis , 191 recombinant inbred lines ( F ( 7 ) ) derived from a cross of Milyang 23 ( M23 ) and Akihikari ( AK ) were grown in 1995 , 1996 and 1997 ( May-Oct ) in Joetsu , Japan ( temperate climate ) , and in the 2000 dry season ( Jan-Apr ) , the 2000 wet season ( Jun-Oct ) and the 2001 dry season in Los Baos , The Philippines ( tropical climate ) . Results showed that rice plant architecture was influenced by 19 genomic regions categorized into five groups . In Group I , two regions ( on chrs . 6 and 11 ) affected shoot elongation ( CL and PnL ) and tillering ( PnN and TN ) in opposite directions more significantly in Los Baos than in Joetsu . In Group II , two regions ( chrs . 3 and 12 ) affected shoot elongation , whereas in Group III , five regions [ chrs . 1 ( two ) , 2 , 3 and 9 ] affected only culm length ( CL ) . Expressions of four regions of Group III were influenced by either tropical or temperate environments .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 2.00 ]: 3 and 12 ) affected shoot elongation , whereas in Group III , five regions [ chrs . 1 ( two ) , 2 , 3 and 9 ] affected only culm length ( CL ) . Expressions of four regions of Group III were influenced by either tropical or temperate environments . In Group IV , seven regions ( chrs . 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 and 9 ) controlled panicle development ( PnN or PnL ) , and in Group V , three regions ( chrs . 1 , 2 and 3 ) regulated tillering ( PnN or TN ) . Characterizing these 19 genomic regions provided a detailed analysis of rice plant architecture with emphasis on the multiple effect and environmental responsive regions .
[ Sen. 13, subscore: 1.00 ]: 1 ( two ) , 2 , 3 and 9 ] affected only culm length ( CL ) . Expressions of four regions of Group III were influenced by either tropical or temperate environments . In Group IV , seven regions ( chrs . 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 and 9 ) controlled panicle development ( PnN or PnL ) , and in Group V , three regions ( chrs . 1 , 2 and 3 ) regulated tillering ( PnN or TN ) . Characterizing these 19 genomic regions provided a detailed analysis of rice plant architecture with emphasis on the multiple effect and environmental responsive regions .
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Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: [ Analysis of additive and AE interaction effects of QTLs controlling plant height , heading date and panicle number in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) ] | | Author: Yuan AP Cao LY Zhuang JY Li RZ Zheng KL Zhu J Cheng SH .
| | Journal: Yi Chuan Xue Bao Citation: V : 30 ( 10 ) P : 899-906 Year: 2003 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub14669505 Accession (PMID): 14669505 | | Abstract: Plant height ( PH ) , heading date ( HD ) and productive panicle number ( PN ) are important agronomic trait in rice .
Appropriate plant height , heading date and panicle number are prerequisites for the desired high and stable yield level in rice breeding programs .
A recombinant inbred line ( RIL ) population consisting of 304 individuals was derived from a cross between indica varieties Zhong156 and Gumei2 , from which a linkage map consisting of 168 RFLP , SSLP , RAPD and RGA markers that distribute on all the 12 rice chromosomes was constructed , and covers 1447 . 9 cM of the rice genome .
The parents and 304 F9 lines were grown in the paddy field in China National Rice Research Institute ( CNRRI ) , Hangzhou , China in 2001 .
The experiments were carried out in two seasons followed a randomized complete block design .
QTLMapper 1 . 01 was applied to detect QTLs and QTL x environment ( QE ) interaction for HD ( heading data ) , PH ( plant height ) and PN ( panicle number ) , and conditional mapping for PH and PN was performed as well .
A total of 15 QTLs with significant additive effects were detected , among which 4 QTLs had significant QE interaction .
Ten QTLs with additive x additive epistatic effects for PH , HD and PN were detected , among which none showed significant epistatisis x environment interaction .
These QTLs explained 12 . 12% , 1 . 38% and 5 . 00% of the total phenotypic variance for PH , HD and PN , respectively , and contributions were generally lower due to the strong epistatic effects .
In conditional QTL analysis , the numbers of QTLs showing significant additive and epistatic effects were 7 and 6 for PH , and 3 and 3 for PN , respectively .
Among the QTLs having significant additive effects for PH , qPH7-2 showed both additive effects and QE interaction , qPH7-1 and qPH10 showed QE interaction only , and the remaining 4 QTLs showed additive effects only .
Each of the 3 QTLs having significant additive effects for PN did not display significant QE interaction .
No epistatic QE interactions was detected .
In addition , conditional QTL analysis indicated that the expression of QTLs for PH and PN may vary depending on the QTLs for HD . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: Appropriate plant height , heading date and panicle number are prerequisites for the desired high and stable yield level in rice breeding programs . A recombinant inbred line ( RIL ) population consisting of 304 individuals was derived from a cross between indica varieties Zhong156 and Gumei2 , from which a linkage map consisting of 168 RFLP , SSLP , RAPD and RGA markers that distribute on all the 12 rice chromosomes was constructed , and covers 1447 . 9 cM of the rice genome . The parents and 304 F9 lines were grown in the paddy field in China National Rice Research Institute ( CNRRI ) , Hangzhou , China in 2001 . The experiments were carried out in two seasons followed a randomized complete block design . QTLMapper 1 . 01 was applied to detect QTLs and QTL x environment ( QE ) interaction for HD ( heading data ) , PH ( plant height ) and PN ( panicle number ) , and conditional mapping for PH and PN was performed as well . A total of 15 QTLs with significant additive effects were detected , among which 4 QTLs had significant QE interaction . Ten QTLs with additive x additive epistatic effects for PH , HD and PN were detected , among which none showed significant epistatisis x environment interaction . These QTLs explained 12 . 12% , 1 . 38% and 5 . 00% of the total phenotypic variance for PH , HD and PN , respectively , and contributions were generally lower due to the strong epistatic effects . In conditional QTL analysis , the numbers of QTLs showing significant additive and epistatic effects were 7 and 6 for PH , and 3 and 3 for PN , respectively .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Plant height ( PH ) , heading date ( HD ) and productive panicle number ( PN ) are important agronomic trait in rice . Appropriate plant height , heading date and panicle number are prerequisites for the desired high and stable yield level in rice breeding programs . A recombinant inbred line ( RIL ) population consisting of 304 individuals was derived from a cross between indica varieties Zhong156 and Gumei2 , from which a linkage map consisting of 168 RFLP , SSLP , RAPD and RGA markers that distribute on all the 12 rice chromosomes was constructed , and covers 1447 . 9 cM of the rice genome . The parents and 304 F9 lines were grown in the paddy field in China National Rice Research Institute ( CNRRI ) , Hangzhou , China in 2001 . The experiments were carried out in two seasons followed a randomized complete block design .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The parents and 304 F9 lines were grown in the paddy field in China National Rice Research Institute ( CNRRI ) , Hangzhou , China in 2001 . The experiments were carried out in two seasons followed a randomized complete block design . QTLMapper 1 . 01 was applied to detect QTLs and QTL x environment ( QE ) interaction for HD ( heading data ) , PH ( plant height ) and PN ( panicle number ) , and conditional mapping for PH and PN was performed as well . A total of 15 QTLs with significant additive effects were detected , among which 4 QTLs had significant QE interaction . Ten QTLs with additive x additive epistatic effects for PH , HD and PN were detected , among which none showed significant epistatisis x environment interaction . These QTLs explained 12 . 12% , 1 . 38% and 5 . 00% of the total phenotypic variance for PH , HD and PN , respectively , and contributions were generally lower due to the strong epistatic effects . In conditional QTL analysis , the numbers of QTLs showing significant additive and epistatic effects were 7 and 6 for PH , and 3 and 3 for PN , respectively . Among the QTLs having significant additive effects for PH , qPH7-2 showed both additive effects and QE interaction , qPH7-1 and qPH10 showed QE interaction only , and the remaining 4 QTLs showed additive effects only . Each of the 3 QTLs having significant additive effects for PN did not display significant QE interaction .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The experiments were carried out in two seasons followed a randomized complete block design . QTLMapper 1 . 01 was applied to detect QTLs and QTL x environment ( QE ) interaction for HD ( heading data ) , PH ( plant height ) and PN ( panicle number ) , and conditional mapping for PH and PN was performed as well . A total of 15 QTLs with significant additive effects were detected , among which 4 QTLs had significant QE interaction . Ten QTLs with additive x additive epistatic effects for PH , HD and PN were detected , among which none showed significant epistatisis x environment interaction . These QTLs explained 12 . 12% , 1 . 38% and 5 . 00% of the total phenotypic variance for PH , HD and PN , respectively , and contributions were generally lower due to the strong epistatic effects . In conditional QTL analysis , the numbers of QTLs showing significant additive and epistatic effects were 7 and 6 for PH , and 3 and 3 for PN , respectively . Among the QTLs having significant additive effects for PH , qPH7-2 showed both additive effects and QE interaction , qPH7-1 and qPH10 showed QE interaction only , and the remaining 4 QTLs showed additive effects only . Each of the 3 QTLs having significant additive effects for PN did not display significant QE interaction . No epistatic QE interactions was detected .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: QTLMapper 1 . 01 was applied to detect QTLs and QTL x environment ( QE ) interaction for HD ( heading data ) , PH ( plant height ) and PN ( panicle number ) , and conditional mapping for PH and PN was performed as well . A total of 15 QTLs with significant additive effects were detected , among which 4 QTLs had significant QE interaction . Ten QTLs with additive x additive epistatic effects for PH , HD and PN were detected , among which none showed significant epistatisis x environment interaction . These QTLs explained 12 . 12% , 1 . 38% and 5 . 00% of the total phenotypic variance for PH , HD and PN , respectively , and contributions were generally lower due to the strong epistatic effects . In conditional QTL analysis , the numbers of QTLs showing significant additive and epistatic effects were 7 and 6 for PH , and 3 and 3 for PN , respectively . Among the QTLs having significant additive effects for PH , qPH7-2 showed both additive effects and QE interaction , qPH7-1 and qPH10 showed QE interaction only , and the remaining 4 QTLs showed additive effects only . Each of the 3 QTLs having significant additive effects for PN did not display significant QE interaction . No epistatic QE interactions was detected . In addition , conditional QTL analysis indicated that the expression of QTLs for PH and PN may vary depending on the QTLs for HD .
[ Sen. 12, subscore: 1.00 ]: Ten QTLs with additive x additive epistatic effects for PH , HD and PN were detected , among which none showed significant epistatisis x environment interaction . These QTLs explained 12 . 12% , 1 . 38% and 5 . 00% of the total phenotypic variance for PH , HD and PN , respectively , and contributions were generally lower due to the strong epistatic effects . In conditional QTL analysis , the numbers of QTLs showing significant additive and epistatic effects were 7 and 6 for PH , and 3 and 3 for PN , respectively . Among the QTLs having significant additive effects for PH , qPH7-2 showed both additive effects and QE interaction , qPH7-1 and qPH10 showed QE interaction only , and the remaining 4 QTLs showed additive effects only . Each of the 3 QTLs having significant additive effects for PN did not display significant QE interaction . No epistatic QE interactions was detected . In addition , conditional QTL analysis indicated that the expression of QTLs for PH and PN may vary depending on the QTLs for HD .
[ Sen. 14, subscore: 1.00 ]: In conditional QTL analysis , the numbers of QTLs showing significant additive and epistatic effects were 7 and 6 for PH , and 3 and 3 for PN , respectively . Among the QTLs having significant additive effects for PH , qPH7-2 showed both additive effects and QE interaction , qPH7-1 and qPH10 showed QE interaction only , and the remaining 4 QTLs showed additive effects only . Each of the 3 QTLs having significant additive effects for PN did not display significant QE interaction . No epistatic QE interactions was detected . In addition , conditional QTL analysis indicated that the expression of QTLs for PH and PN may vary depending on the QTLs for HD .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Expressional analysis of an EREBP transcription factor gene OsEBP-89 in rice .
| | Author: Shen H Wang ZY .
| | Journal: Acta Biochim . Biophys . Sin . ( Shanghai ) Citation: V : 36 ( 1 ) P : 21-6 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub14732870 Accession (PMID): 14732870 | | Abstract: OsEBP-89 gene encodes an ethylene responsive element binding protein ( EREBP ) transcription factor from rice ( Oryza sativa ) .
Northern blot analysis revealed that OsEBP-89 was expressed in root , stem , seeds , flowers and leaves of rice .
Histochemical assay showed that GUS expressed mainly in phloem of vascular it issues of the root and stem transition region ( RST ) , basal part of sheath roots , stem node and basal part of adventitious roots , also in endosperm of seeds in transgenic rice harboring OsEBP-89/GUS construct ( pNSG ) .
A sequence of region from C279 to C97 was found to play an important role for OsEBP-89 genes expression though promoter deletion assay .
The possible function of OsEBP-89 gene was discussed . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: OsEBP-89 gene encodes an ethylene responsive element binding protein ( EREBP ) transcription factor from rice ( Oryza sativa ) . Northern blot analysis revealed that OsEBP-89 was expressed in root , stem , seeds , flowers and leaves of rice . Histochemical assay showed that GUS expressed mainly in phloem of vascular it issues of the root and stem transition region ( RST ) , basal part of sheath roots , stem node and basal part of adventitious roots , also in endosperm of seeds in transgenic rice harboring OsEBP-89/GUS construct ( pNSG ) . A sequence of region from C279 to C97 was found to play an important role for OsEBP-89 genes expression though promoter deletion assay . The possible function of OsEBP-89 gene was discussed .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Klebsiella variicola , a novel species with clinical and plant-associated isolates .
| | Author: Rosenblueth M Martez L Silva J Martez-Romero E | | Journal: Syst Appl . Microbiol . Citation: V : 27 ( 1 ) P : 27-35 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15053318 Accession (PMID): 15053318 | | Abstract: A new Klebsiella species , K variicola , is proposed on the basis of total DNA-DNA hybridization , on the monophyly observed in the phylogenetic analysis derived from the sequences of rpoB , gyrA , mdh , infB , phoE and nifH genes and on distinct phenotypic traits .
The bacteria from this new species seem to be genetically isolated from K pneumoniae strains , do not ferment adonitol and were obtained from plants ( such as banana , rice , sugar cane and maize ) and hospitals .
The type strain is F2R9T ( = ATCC BAA-830T = CFNE 2004T ) .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: A new Klebsiella species , K variicola , is proposed on the basis of total DNA-DNA hybridization , on the monophyly observed in the phylogenetic analysis derived from the sequences of rpoB , gyrA , mdh , infB , phoE and nifH genes and on distinct phenotypic traits . The bacteria from this new species seem to be genetically isolated from K pneumoniae strains , do not ferment adonitol and were obtained from plants ( such as banana , rice , sugar cane and maize ) and hospitals . The type strain is F2R9T ( = ATCC BAA-830T = CFNE 2004T ) .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Rice dwarf phytoreovirus segment S6-encoded nonstructural protein has a cell-to-cell movement function .
| | Author: Li Y Bao YM Wei CH Kang ZS Zhong YW Mao P Wu G Chen ZL Schiemann J Nelson RS .
| | Journal: J Virol .
Citation: V : 78 ( 10 ) P : 5382-9 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15113917 Accession (PMID): 15113917 | | Abstract: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) is a member of the genus Phytoreovirus , which is composed of viruses with segmented double-stranded RNA genomes .
Proteins that support the intercellular movement of these viruses in the host have not been identified .
Microprojectile bombardment was used to determine which open reading frames ( ORFs ) support intercellular movement of a heterologous virus .
A plasmid containing an infectious clone of Potato virus X ( PVX ) defective in cell-to-cell movement and expressing either beta-glucuronidase or green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) was used for cobombardment with plasmids containing ORFs from RDV gene segments S1 through S12 onto leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana .
Cell-to-cell movement of the movement-defective PVX was restored by cobombardment with a plasmid containing S6 .
In the absence of S6 , no other gene segment supported movement .
Identical results were obtained with Nicotiana tabacum , a host that allows fewer viruses to infect and spread within its it issue .
S6 supported the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-defective PVX in sink and source leaves of N benthamiana .
A mutant S6 lacking the translation start codon did not complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-defective PVX .
An S6 protein product ( Pns6 ) -enhanced GFP fusion was observed near or within cell walls of epidermal cells from N tabacum .
By immunocytochemistry , unfused Pns6 was localized to plasmodesmata in rice leaves infected with RDV .
S6 thus encodes a protein with characteristics identical to those of other viral proteins required for the cell-to-cell movement of their genome and therefore is likely required for the cell-to-cell movement of RDV . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: In the absence of S6 , no other gene segment supported movement . Identical results were obtained with Nicotiana tabacum , a host that allows fewer viruses to infect and spread within its it issue . S6 supported the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-defective PVX in sink and source leaves of N benthamiana . A mutant S6 lacking the translation start codon did not complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-defective PVX . An S6 protein product ( Pns6 ) -enhanced GFP fusion was observed near or within cell walls of epidermal cells from N tabacum . By immunocytochemistry , unfused Pns6 was localized to plasmodesmata in rice leaves infected with RDV . S6 thus encodes a protein with characteristics identical to those of other viral proteins required for the cell-to-cell movement of their genome and therefore is likely required for the cell-to-cell movement of RDV .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Identical results were obtained with Nicotiana tabacum , a host that allows fewer viruses to infect and spread within its it issue . S6 supported the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-defective PVX in sink and source leaves of N benthamiana . A mutant S6 lacking the translation start codon did not complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-defective PVX . An S6 protein product ( Pns6 ) -enhanced GFP fusion was observed near or within cell walls of epidermal cells from N tabacum . By immunocytochemistry , unfused Pns6 was localized to plasmodesmata in rice leaves infected with RDV . S6 thus encodes a protein with characteristics identical to those of other viral proteins required for the cell-to-cell movement of their genome and therefore is likely required for the cell-to-cell movement of RDV .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Quantitative trait loci associated with drought tolerance at reproductive stage in rice .
| | Author: Lanceras JC Pantuwan G Jongdee B Toojinda T | | Journal: Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 135 ( 1 ) P : 384-99 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15122029 Accession (PMID): 15122029 | | Abstract: Drought is a major constraint to rice ( Oryza sativa ) yield and its stability in rainfed and poorly irrigated environments .
Identifying genomic regions influencing the response of yield and its components to water deficits will aid in our understanding of the genetics of drought tolerance and development of more drought tolerant cultivars .
Quantitative trait loci ( QTL ) for grain yield and its components and other agronomic traits were identified using a subset of 154 doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between two rice cultivars , CT9993-510 to 1-M and IR62266-42 to 6-2 .
Drought stress treatments were managed by use of a line source sprinkler irrigation system , which provided a linearly decreasing level of irrigation coinciding with the sensitive reproductive growth stages .
The research was conducted at the Ubon Rice Research Center , Ubon , Thailand .
A total of 77 QTL were identified for grain yield and its components under varying levels of water stress .
Out of the total of 77 QTL , the number of QTL per trait were : 7-grain yield ( GY ) ; 8-biological yield ( BY ) ; 6-harvest index ( HI ) ; 5-d to flowering after initiation of irrigation gradient ( DFAIG ) ; 10-total spikelet number ( TSN ) ; 7-percent spikelet sterility ( PSS ) ; 23-panicle number ( PN ) ; and 11-plant height ( PH ) .
The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL ranged from 7 . 5% to 55 . 7% .
Under well-watered conditions , we observed a high genetic association for BY , HI , DFAIG , PSS , TSN , PH , and GY .
However , only BY and HI were found to be significantly associated with GY under drought treatments .
QTL flanked by markers RG104 to RM231 , EMP2_2 to RM127 , and G2132 to RZ598 on chromosomes 3 , 4 , and 8 were associated with GY , HI , DFAIG , BY , PSS , and PN under drought treatments .
The aggregate effects of these QTL on chromosomes 3 , 4 , and 8 resulted in higher grain yield .
These QTL will be useful for rainfed rice improvement , and will also contribute to our understanding of the genetic control of GY under drought conditions at the sensitive reproductive stage .
Close linkage or pleiotropy may be responsible for the coincidence of QTL detected in this experiment .
Digenic interactions between QTL main effects for GY , BY , HI , and PSS were observed under irrigation treatments .
Most ( but not all ) DH lines have the same response in measure of productivity when the intensity of water deficit was increased , but no QTL by irrigation treatment interaction was detected .
The identification of genomic regions associated with GY and its components under drought stress will be useful for marker-based approaches to improve GY and its stability for farmers in drought-prone rice environments . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Quantitative trait loci ( QTL ) for grain yield and its components and other agronomic traits were identified using a subset of 154 doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between two rice cultivars , CT9993-510 to 1-M and IR62266-42 to 6-2 . Drought stress treatments were managed by use of a line source sprinkler irrigation system , which provided a linearly decreasing level of irrigation coinciding with the sensitive reproductive growth stages . The research was conducted at the Ubon Rice Research Center , Ubon , Thailand . A total of 77 QTL were identified for grain yield and its components under varying levels of water stress . Out of the total of 77 QTL , the number of QTL per trait were : 7-grain yield ( GY ) ; 8-biological yield ( BY ) ; 6-harvest index ( HI ) ; 5-d to flowering after initiation of irrigation gradient ( DFAIG ) ; 10-total spikelet number ( TSN ) ; 7-percent spikelet sterility ( PSS ) ; 23-panicle number ( PN ) ; and 11-plant height ( PH ) . The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL ranged from 7 . 5% to 55 . 7% . Under well-watered conditions , we observed a high genetic association for BY , HI , DFAIG , PSS , TSN , PH , and GY . However , only BY and HI were found to be significantly associated with GY under drought treatments . QTL flanked by markers RG104 to RM231 , EMP2_2 to RM127 , and G2132 to RZ598 on chromosomes 3 , 4 , and 8 were associated with GY , HI , DFAIG , BY , PSS , and PN under drought treatments .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Out of the total of 77 QTL , the number of QTL per trait were : 7-grain yield ( GY ) ; 8-biological yield ( BY ) ; 6-harvest index ( HI ) ; 5-d to flowering after initiation of irrigation gradient ( DFAIG ) ; 10-total spikelet number ( TSN ) ; 7-percent spikelet sterility ( PSS ) ; 23-panicle number ( PN ) ; and 11-plant height ( PH ) . The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL ranged from 7 . 5% to 55 . 7% . Under well-watered conditions , we observed a high genetic association for BY , HI , DFAIG , PSS , TSN , PH , and GY . However , only BY and HI were found to be significantly associated with GY under drought treatments . QTL flanked by markers RG104 to RM231 , EMP2_2 to RM127 , and G2132 to RZ598 on chromosomes 3 , 4 , and 8 were associated with GY , HI , DFAIG , BY , PSS , and PN under drought treatments . The aggregate effects of these QTL on chromosomes 3 , 4 , and 8 resulted in higher grain yield . These QTL will be useful for rainfed rice improvement , and will also contribute to our understanding of the genetic control of GY under drought conditions at the sensitive reproductive stage . Close linkage or pleiotropy may be responsible for the coincidence of QTL detected in this experiment . Digenic interactions between QTL main effects for GY , BY , HI , and PSS were observed under irrigation treatments .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Recombinant human lactoferrin treatment for global health issues : iron deficiency and acute diarrhea .
| | Author: Bethell DR Huang J | | Journal: Biometals Citation: V : 17 ( 3 ) P : 337-42 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15222487 Accession (PMID): 15222487 | | Abstract: Iron deficiency and diarrhea are two of the most significant issues for global health .
Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world , affecting nearly 25% of the world population ( UNICEF/WHO 1999 ) .
The prevalence of iron deficiency in developing countries is illustrated by comparison with other deficiencies : iron deficiency affects 3 . 5 billion people , while vitamin A and iodine deficiency affect 0 . 3 billion people and 0 . 8 billion people , respectively .
The prevalence is highest among young children and women of childbearing age ( particularly pregnant women ) .
It is estimated that national productivity levels could be raised as much as 20% by correcting iron deficiency in developing countries .
Recombinant human lactoferrin ( rhLF ) , expressed and extracted from rice seed , is being evaluated by Ventria Bioscience for use as a dietary supplement to treat iron deficiency and/or iron deficiency anemia .
Diarrhea is also a major world health issue .
Sixty percent of children who die under age five die of pneumonia , diarrhea or measles .
World Health Organization oral rehydration solution ( WHO-ORS ) is one of the major medical advances in the past 50 years , saving the lives of 1 to 2 million children annually .
Many studies have demonstrated similar efficacy of rice-based ORS .
There are studies documenting the reduced frequency of diarrhea in breast-fed children and this health improvement is attributed to the antimicrobial action of the human milk proteins lactoferrin and lysozyme .
In vitro data document the growth inhibition of the diarrheal associated organisms : rotavirus , ETEC , cholera , salmonella , and shigella by human lactoferrin ( hLF ) and human lysozyme .
Using Ventrias ExpressTec system , we have expressed human lactoferrin and human lysozyme in rice .
In a rice-based ORS formulation , these proteins have the potential to provide not only the benefits of reduced stool volume and improved weight gain , but also shorten the course of diarrheal episodes via antimicrobial activity against the causative agent .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The prevalence is highest among young children and women of childbearing age ( particularly pregnant women ) . It is estimated that national productivity levels could be raised as much as 20% by correcting iron deficiency in developing countries . Recombinant human lactoferrin ( rhLF ) , expressed and extracted from rice seed , is being evaluated by Ventria Bioscience for use as a dietary supplement to treat iron deficiency and/or iron deficiency anemia . Diarrhea is also a major world health issue . Sixty percent of children who die under age five die of pneumonia , diarrhea or measles . World Health Organization oral rehydration solution ( WHO-ORS ) is one of the major medical advances in the past 50 years , saving the lives of 1 to 2 million children annually . Many studies have demonstrated similar efficacy of rice-based ORS . There are studies documenting the reduced frequency of diarrhea in breast-fed children and this health improvement is attributed to the antimicrobial action of the human milk proteins lactoferrin and lysozyme . In vitro data document the growth inhibition of the diarrheal associated organisms : rotavirus , ETEC , cholera , salmonella , and shigella by human lactoferrin ( hLF ) and human lysozyme .
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Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: Nucleic acid binding activity of pns6 encoded by genome segment 6 of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus .
| | Author: Shao CG L HJ Wu JH Gong ZX .
| | Journal: Acta Biochim . Biophys . Sin . ( Shanghai ) Citation: V : 36 ( 7 ) P : 457-66 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15248020 Accession (PMID): 15248020 | | Abstract: The ORF of genome segment 6 ( S6 ) of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus ( RRSV ) Philippines isolate was cloned and sequenced based on the S6 sequence of the Thailand isolate .
Pns6 , the 71 kD product of S6 expressed in E coli , was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of RRSV by Western blotting .
The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity .
Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays .
The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific .
By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain .
Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction .
The possible role of RRSV Pns6 in virus replication and assembly is discussed . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: Pns6 , the 71 kD product of S6 expressed in E coli , was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of RRSV by Western blotting . The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity . Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays . The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific . By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain . Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction . The possible role of RRSV Pns6 in virus replication and assembly is discussed .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The ORF of genome segment 6 ( S6 ) of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus ( RRSV ) Philippines isolate was cloned and sequenced based on the S6 sequence of the Thailand isolate . Pns6 , the 71 kD product of S6 expressed in E coli , was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of RRSV by Western blotting . The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity . Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays . The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific . By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The ORF of genome segment 6 ( S6 ) of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus ( RRSV ) Philippines isolate was cloned and sequenced based on the S6 sequence of the Thailand isolate . Pns6 , the 71 kD product of S6 expressed in E coli , was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of RRSV by Western blotting . The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity . Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays . The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific . By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain . Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The ORF of genome segment 6 ( S6 ) of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus ( RRSV ) Philippines isolate was cloned and sequenced based on the S6 sequence of the Thailand isolate . Pns6 , the 71 kD product of S6 expressed in E coli , was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of RRSV by Western blotting . The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity . Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays . The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific . By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain . Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction . The possible role of RRSV Pns6 in virus replication and assembly is discussed .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The ORF of genome segment 6 ( S6 ) of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus ( RRSV ) Philippines isolate was cloned and sequenced based on the S6 sequence of the Thailand isolate . Pns6 , the 71 kD product of S6 expressed in E coli , was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of RRSV by Western blotting . The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity . Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays . The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific . By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain . Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction . The possible role of RRSV Pns6 in virus replication and assembly is discussed .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity . Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays . The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific . By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain . Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction . The possible role of RRSV Pns6 in virus replication and assembly is discussed .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays . The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific . By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain . Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction . The possible role of RRSV Pns6 in virus replication and assembly is discussed .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: The effect of individualized diet challenges consisting of allergenic foods on TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis .
| | Author: Karatay S Erdem T Yildirim K Melikoglu MA Ugur M Cakir E Akcay F Senel K | | Journal: Citation: V : 43 ( 11 ) P : 1429-33 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15304675 Accession (PMID): 15304675 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : To investigate the effect of individualized diet challenges consisting of allergenic foods , defined by the skin prick test ( SPT ) , on tumour necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha ) and interleukin-1beta ( IL-1beta ) levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) .
METHODS : Twenty patients with a positive SPT response for food extracts and 20 with a negative SPT response were enrolled .
None of the patients had active disease .
All patients were fasted for the most common allergenic foods for 12 days and then allocated to two groups according to SPT results .
Food challenges were performed with allergenic foods in the prick-positive group ( PPG ) and with corn and rice in the prick-negative group ( PNG ) for a period of 12 days .
Then , allergenic foods were excluded from the PPG patients diet and corn and rice were removed from the PNG patients diet .
Clinical examinations were performed after fasting ( baseline ) , at the end of the challenge phase and at the end of the re-elimination phase .
Stiffness , pain , tender and swollen joint counts , health assessment questionnaire ( HAQ ) , Ritchies articular index , erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) and serum TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels were measured .
RESULTS : TNF-alpha ( P < 0 . 01 ) , IL-1beta ( P < 0 . 05 ) , ESR ( P < 0 . 05 ) and CRP ( P = 0 . 001 ) levels and all of the clinical variables , except HAQ , were increased with food challenges in the PPG .
These increases were also recorded after the re-elimination phase .
In the PNG , no significant change was seen in any of the variables , except pain ( P < 0 . 05 ) .
During the study , important differences were observed for most of the variables between the two groups .
Thirteen ( 72% ) patients in the PPG and three ( 18% ) in the PNG experienced disease exacerbation with challenges .
This aggravation continued after elimination .
CONCLUSIONS : Our results suggest that individualized dietary revisions may regulate TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels in selected patients with RA .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: OBJECTIVE : To investigate the effect of individualized diet challenges consisting of allergenic foods , defined by the skin prick test ( SPT ) , on tumour necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha ) and interleukin-1beta ( IL-1beta ) levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) . METHODS : Twenty patients with a positive SPT response for food extracts and 20 with a negative SPT response were enrolled . None of the patients had active disease . All patients were fasted for the most common allergenic foods for 12 days and then allocated to two groups according to SPT results . Food challenges were performed with allergenic foods in the prick-positive group ( PPG ) and with corn and rice in the prick-negative group ( PNG ) for a period of 12 days . Then , allergenic foods were excluded from the PPG patients diet and corn and rice were removed from the PNG patients diet . Clinical examinations were performed after fasting ( baseline ) , at the end of the challenge phase and at the end of the re-elimination phase . Stiffness , pain , tender and swollen joint counts , health assessment questionnaire ( HAQ ) , Ritchies articular index , erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) and serum TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels were measured . RESULTS : TNF-alpha ( P < 0 . 01 ) , IL-1beta ( P < 0 . 05 ) , ESR ( P < 0 . 05 ) and CRP ( P = 0 . 001 ) levels and all of the clinical variables , except HAQ , were increased with food challenges in the PPG .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: METHODS : Twenty patients with a positive SPT response for food extracts and 20 with a negative SPT response were enrolled . None of the patients had active disease . All patients were fasted for the most common allergenic foods for 12 days and then allocated to two groups according to SPT results . Food challenges were performed with allergenic foods in the prick-positive group ( PPG ) and with corn and rice in the prick-negative group ( PNG ) for a period of 12 days . Then , allergenic foods were excluded from the PPG patients diet and corn and rice were removed from the PNG patients diet . Clinical examinations were performed after fasting ( baseline ) , at the end of the challenge phase and at the end of the re-elimination phase . Stiffness , pain , tender and swollen joint counts , health assessment questionnaire ( HAQ ) , Ritchies articular index , erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) and serum TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels were measured . RESULTS : TNF-alpha ( P < 0 . 01 ) , IL-1beta ( P < 0 . 05 ) , ESR ( P < 0 . 05 ) and CRP ( P = 0 . 001 ) levels and all of the clinical variables , except HAQ , were increased with food challenges in the PPG . These increases were also recorded after the re-elimination phase .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Clinical examinations were performed after fasting ( baseline ) , at the end of the challenge phase and at the end of the re-elimination phase . Stiffness , pain , tender and swollen joint counts , health assessment questionnaire ( HAQ ) , Ritchies articular index , erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) and serum TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels were measured . RESULTS : TNF-alpha ( P < 0 . 01 ) , IL-1beta ( P < 0 . 05 ) , ESR ( P < 0 . 05 ) and CRP ( P = 0 . 001 ) levels and all of the clinical variables , except HAQ , were increased with food challenges in the PPG . These increases were also recorded after the re-elimination phase . In the PNG , no significant change was seen in any of the variables , except pain ( P < 0 . 05 ) . During the study , important differences were observed for most of the variables between the two groups . Thirteen ( 72% ) patients in the PPG and three ( 18% ) in the PNG experienced disease exacerbation with challenges . This aggravation continued after elimination . CONCLUSIONS : Our results suggest that individualized dietary revisions may regulate TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels in selected patients with RA .
[ Sen. 13, subscore: 1.00 ]: RESULTS : TNF-alpha ( P < 0 . 01 ) , IL-1beta ( P < 0 . 05 ) , ESR ( P < 0 . 05 ) and CRP ( P = 0 . 001 ) levels and all of the clinical variables , except HAQ , were increased with food challenges in the PPG . These increases were also recorded after the re-elimination phase . In the PNG , no significant change was seen in any of the variables , except pain ( P < 0 . 05 ) . During the study , important differences were observed for most of the variables between the two groups . Thirteen ( 72% ) patients in the PPG and three ( 18% ) in the PNG experienced disease exacerbation with challenges . This aggravation continued after elimination . CONCLUSIONS : Our results suggest that individualized dietary revisions may regulate TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels in selected patients with RA .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Similar cholesterol-lowering properties of rice bran oil , with varied gamma-oryzanol , in mildly hypercholesterolemic men* .
| | Author: Berger A Rein D Schfer A Monnard I Gremaud G Lambelet P Bertoli C | | Journal: Citation: V : 44 ( 3 ) P : 163-73 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15309429 Accession (PMID): 15309429 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : The cholesterol lowering properties of rice bran oil ( RBO ) containing differing amounts of non-saponifiable components have not been studied in humans , to our knowledge .
AIM OF THE STUDY : To evaluate cholesterol lowering effects of RBO , with low and high amounts of gamma-oryzanol ( ferulated plant sterols ) in mildly hypercholesterolemic men .
METHODS : Mildly hypercholesterolemic men , 38-64 y , starting cholesterol 4 . 9-8 . 4 mmol/l ( n = 30 ) , consumed 50 g/d peanut oil ( PNO ) in vehicles for 2 wks during a run-in period , then , without wash-out , were randomly equilibrated ( based on initial level of cholesterol ) into two groups to consume 50 g/d RBO low ( 0 . 05 g/d ) or high ( 0 . 8 g/d ) gamma-oryzanol for 4 wks , in a randomized , controlled , parallel design study .
Subjects were free-living and consumed habitual diets with some restrictions .
Plasma concentrations of total , LDL- , HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol were measured at base line and after 2 , 4 , and 6 wks .
RESULTS : The two RBO types were not significantly different with respect to effects on various cholesterol parameters , at 2 and 4 wks , including total cholesterol , LDL- , HDL and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio .
Low and high gamma-oryzanolcontaining RBO feeding for 4 wks lowered total plasma cholesterol ( 6 . 3 % ) , LDL-C ( 10 . 5 % ) and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio ( 18 . 9 % ) .
CONCLUSIONS : RBO supplementation at ca 50% total fat intake improved lipoprotein pattern in mildly hypercholesterolemic men .
Methylated sterols in gamma-oryzanol are thought to be largely ineffective at inhibiting dietary cholesterol absorption , but could enhance cholesterol-lowering ability of 4-desmethylsterols .
Assuming all ferulated sterols become de-ferulated in the gut , low and high gamma-oryzanolcontaining RBOs provided intestinal loads of 453 and 740 mg/d free 4-desmethylsterols , respectively .
This intestinal load of 453-740 mg/d of efficacious free plant sterol equivalents had identical effects on lipoproteins .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : The cholesterol lowering properties of rice bran oil ( RBO ) containing differing amounts of non-saponifiable components have not been studied in humans , to our knowledge . AIM OF THE STUDY : To evaluate cholesterol lowering effects of RBO , with low and high amounts of gamma-oryzanol ( ferulated plant sterols ) in mildly hypercholesterolemic men . METHODS : Mildly hypercholesterolemic men , 38-64 y , starting cholesterol 4 . 9-8 . 4 mmol/l ( n = 30 ) , consumed 50 g/d peanut oil ( PNO ) in vehicles for 2 wks during a run-in period , then , without wash-out , were randomly equilibrated ( based on initial level of cholesterol ) into two groups to consume 50 g/d RBO low ( 0 . 05 g/d ) or high ( 0 . 8 g/d ) gamma-oryzanol for 4 wks , in a randomized , controlled , parallel design study . Subjects were free-living and consumed habitual diets with some restrictions . Plasma concentrations of total , LDL- , HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol were measured at base line and after 2 , 4 , and 6 wks . RESULTS : The two RBO types were not significantly different with respect to effects on various cholesterol parameters , at 2 and 4 wks , including total cholesterol , LDL- , HDL and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio . Low and high gamma-oryzanolcontaining RBO feeding for 4 wks lowered total plasma cholesterol ( 6 . 3 % ) , LDL-C ( 10 . 5 % ) and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio ( 18 . 9 % ) .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Identification and characterization of a QTL on chromosome 2 for cytosolic glutamine synthetase content and panicle number in rice .
| | Author: Obara M Sato T Sasaki S Kashiba K Nagano A Nakamura I Ebitani T Yano M Yamaya T | | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 110 ( 1 ) P : 1-11 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15549232 Accession (PMID): 15549232 | | Abstract: A quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) associated with the protein content of cytosolic glutamine synthetase ( GS1 ; EC 6 . 3 . 1 . 2 ) in senescing leaves , panicle number , and panicle weight was characterized in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) .
A near-isogenic line ( NIL ) , C-22 , developed by marker-assisted selection was grown under different nitrogen levels in the greenhouse and in a paddy field .
Chromosome 2 of C-22 had an approximately 50-cM segment substituted from the Kasalath ( indica ) chromosome in a Koshihikari ( japonica ) genetic background .
C-22 showed a 12-37% lower content of GS1 protein in leaf blades than Koshihikari , which was in good agreement with a QTL region positively affected by the japonica chromosome .
At an early vegetative stage , C-22 had more active tillers than Koshihikari in the greenhouse .
At the reproductive stage , both panicle number and total panicle weight of C-22 were significantly higher than those of Koshihikari , particularly when the plants were grown under a low-nitrogen condition .
These traits of C-22 were further confirmed in a paddy field .
Thus , tiller development was positively affected by the Kasalath chromosome at an early vegetative stage , which resulted in an increased panicle number and panicle weight at the mature stage in C-22 .
These data indicate that the target QTL ( Pnn1 ; panicle number 1 ) is important in the development of tillers and panicles in rice .
Linkage analyses for panicle number and ratio of developing tiller formation in the second axil ( RDT ) revealed that Pnn1 was delimited at the 6 . 7-cM region . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: At an early vegetative stage , C-22 had more active tillers than Koshihikari in the greenhouse . At the reproductive stage , both panicle number and total panicle weight of C-22 were significantly higher than those of Koshihikari , particularly when the plants were grown under a low-nitrogen condition . These traits of C-22 were further confirmed in a paddy field . Thus , tiller development was positively affected by the Kasalath chromosome at an early vegetative stage , which resulted in an increased panicle number and panicle weight at the mature stage in C-22 . These data indicate that the target QTL ( Pnn1 ; panicle number 1 ) is important in the development of tillers and panicles in rice . Linkage analyses for panicle number and ratio of developing tiller formation in the second axil ( RDT ) revealed that Pnn1 was delimited at the 6 . 7-cM region .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: At the reproductive stage , both panicle number and total panicle weight of C-22 were significantly higher than those of Koshihikari , particularly when the plants were grown under a low-nitrogen condition . These traits of C-22 were further confirmed in a paddy field . Thus , tiller development was positively affected by the Kasalath chromosome at an early vegetative stage , which resulted in an increased panicle number and panicle weight at the mature stage in C-22 . These data indicate that the target QTL ( Pnn1 ; panicle number 1 ) is important in the development of tillers and panicles in rice . Linkage analyses for panicle number and ratio of developing tiller formation in the second axil ( RDT ) revealed that Pnn1 was delimited at the 6 . 7-cM region .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: TM2 , a novel strong matrix attachment region isolated from tobacco , increases transgene expression in transgenic rice calli and plants .
| | Author: Xue H Yang YT Wu CA Yang GD Zhang MM Zheng CC .
| | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 110 ( 4 ) P : 620-7 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15660239 Accession (PMID): 15660239 | | Abstract: Nuclear matrix attachment regions ( MARs ) are thought to influence the expression of the flanking genes .
TM2 , a new DNA fragment isolated from tobacco , can bind with the rice nuclear matrix in vitro .
In this study , we investigated the effect of TM2 on transgene expression under the control of three different promoters in stably transformed rice calli and plants .
The presence of TM2 flanking the transgene increased the expression of constructs based on the constitutive CaMV 35S and maize ubiquitin gene promoters in both resistant calli and transformed plants .
The GUS expression directed by the photosynthetic-tissue-specific PNZIP promoter was also increased in photosynthetic it issues of transformants .
However , TM2 did not change the gene expression pattern controlled by the PNZIP promoter .
The effect of TM2 in transgenic plants was stronger than that in transgenic calli based on all three promoters .
Our results indicate that TM2 , as a novel strong MAR , can be used to increase the transgene expression levels in the whole plant or in particular it issues of monocotyledons . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nuclear matrix attachment regions ( MARs ) are thought to influence the expression of the flanking genes . TM2 , a new DNA fragment isolated from tobacco , can bind with the rice nuclear matrix in vitro . In this study , we investigated the effect of TM2 on transgene expression under the control of three different promoters in stably transformed rice calli and plants . The presence of TM2 flanking the transgene increased the expression of constructs based on the constitutive CaMV 35S and maize ubiquitin gene promoters in both resistant calli and transformed plants . The GUS expression directed by the photosynthetic-tissue-specific PNZIP promoter was also increased in photosynthetic it issues of transformants . However , TM2 did not change the gene expression pattern controlled by the PNZIP promoter . The effect of TM2 in transgenic plants was stronger than that in transgenic calli based on all three promoters . Our results indicate that TM2 , as a novel strong MAR , can be used to increase the transgene expression levels in the whole plant or in particular it issues of monocotyledons .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: TM2 , a new DNA fragment isolated from tobacco , can bind with the rice nuclear matrix in vitro . In this study , we investigated the effect of TM2 on transgene expression under the control of three different promoters in stably transformed rice calli and plants . The presence of TM2 flanking the transgene increased the expression of constructs based on the constitutive CaMV 35S and maize ubiquitin gene promoters in both resistant calli and transformed plants . The GUS expression directed by the photosynthetic-tissue-specific PNZIP promoter was also increased in photosynthetic it issues of transformants . However , TM2 did not change the gene expression pattern controlled by the PNZIP promoter . The effect of TM2 in transgenic plants was stronger than that in transgenic calli based on all three promoters . Our results indicate that TM2 , as a novel strong MAR , can be used to increase the transgene expression levels in the whole plant or in particular it issues of monocotyledons .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Occurrence of Candida strains in cases of paronychia .
| | Author: Dorko E JautovEJ Pilipcinec E TkcikovEL .
| | Journal: Folia Microbiol .
( Praha ) Citation: V : 49 ( 5 ) P : 591-5 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15702551 Accession (PMID): 15702551 | | Abstract: A total of 43 patients , 11 males and 32 females , with paronychia of the fingernails were examined for the presence of Candida spp .
The yeast species isolated were identified using standard laboratory methods , including germ-tube production , morphology on rice agar with Tween 80 , and mainly fermentation and assimilation of saccharides .
In the male group , two Candida species were detected : C albicans as the dominant species in 9 patients and C parapsilosis in 2 cases .
Similarly , C albicans was the prevalent species also in females ( n = 17 ) ; other Candida species detected were C parapsilosis ( n = 7 ) , C tropicalis ( 5 ) and C krusei ( 3 ) .
In addition to the genus Candida , the following anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms were isolated from patients of both groups : Fusobacterium spp . , Bacteroides spp . , Staphylococcus aureus , alpha-hemolytic streptococci , group A beta-hemolytic streptococci , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Neisseria spp . and Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: A total of 43 patients , 11 males and 32 females , with paronychia of the fingernails were examined for the presence of Candida spp . The yeast species isolated were identified using standard laboratory methods , including germ-tube production , morphology on rice agar with Tween 80 , and mainly fermentation and assimilation of saccharides . In the male group , two Candida species were detected : C albicans as the dominant species in 9 patients and C parapsilosis in 2 cases . Similarly , C albicans was the prevalent species also in females ( n = 17 ) ; other Candida species detected were C parapsilosis ( n = 7 ) , C tropicalis ( 5 ) and C krusei ( 3 ) . In addition to the genus Candida , the following anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms were isolated from patients of both groups : Fusobacterium spp . , Bacteroides spp . , Staphylococcus aureus , alpha-hemolytic streptococci , group A beta-hemolytic streptococci , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Neisseria spp . and Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: The promoter of Milk vetch dwarf virus component 8 confers effective gene expression in both dicot and monocot plants .
| | Author: Shirasawa-Seo N Sano Y Nakamura S Murakami T Gotoh Y Naito Y Hsia CN Seo S Mitsuhara I Kosugi S Ohashi Y | | Journal: Plant Cell Rep .
Citation: V : 24 ( 3 ) P : 155-63 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15812660 Accession (PMID): 15812660 | | Abstract: The activity of a predicted promoter , PMC8 , from Milk vetch dwarf virus was evaluated by comparing it with the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promoter ( P35S ) and PNCR , a promoter from Soybean chlorotic mottle virus .
When the GUS fusion gene was introduced into tobacco , PMC8 showed a similar expression profile to P35S but with a more intense expression in proliferating it issues .
The usefulness of PMC8 was confirmed by driving NPTII for selection of kanamycin-resistant tobacco plants with improved transformation efficiency .
PMC8 was also effective in transgenic rice plants .
Thus , PMC8 is useful as an alternative to P35S in both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants , especially for gene expression in proliferating it issues . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The activity of a predicted promoter , PMC8 , from Milk vetch dwarf virus was evaluated by comparing it with the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promoter ( P35S ) and PNCR , a promoter from Soybean chlorotic mottle virus . When the GUS fusion gene was introduced into tobacco , PMC8 showed a similar expression profile to P35S but with a more intense expression in proliferating it issues . The usefulness of PMC8 was confirmed by driving NPTII for selection of kanamycin-resistant tobacco plants with improved transformation efficiency . PMC8 was also effective in transgenic rice plants . Thus , PMC8 is useful as an alternative to P35S in both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants , especially for gene expression in proliferating it issues .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Photosynthetic acclimation in rice leaves to free-air CO2 enrichment related to both ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylation limitation and ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate regeneration limitation .
| | Author: Chen GY Yong ZH Liao Y Zhang DY Chen Y Zhang HB Chen J Zhu JG Xu DQ .
| | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol .
Citation: V : 46 ( 7 ) P : 1036-45 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15840641 Accession (PMID): 15840641 | | Abstract: Net photosynthetic rates ( Pns ) in leaves were compared between rice plants grown in ambient air control and free-air CO2 enrichment ( FACE , about 200 micromol mol ( -1 ) above ambient ) treatment rings .
When measured at the same CO2 concentration , the Pn of FACE leaves decreased significantly , indicating that photosynthetic acclimation to high CO2 occurs .
Although stomatal conductance ( Gs ) in FACE leaves was markedly decreased , intercellular CO2 concentrations ( Ci ) were almost the same in FACE and ambient leaves , indicating that the photosynthetic acclimation is not caused by the decreased Gs .
Furthermore , carboxylation efficiency and maximal Pn , both light and CO2-saturated Pn , were decreased in FACE leaves , as shown by the Pn-Ci curves .
In addition , the soluble protein , Rubisco ( ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate caboxylase/oxygenase ) , and its activase contents as well as the sucrose-phosphate synthase activity decreased significantly , while some soluble sugar , inorganic phosphate , chlorophyll and light-harvesting complex II ( LHC II ) contents increased in FACE leaves .
It appears that the photosynthetic acclimation in rice leaves is related to both ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate ( RuBP ) carboxylation limitation and RuBP regeneration limitation . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 3.00 ]: Net photosynthetic rates ( Pns ) in leaves were compared between rice plants grown in ambient air control and free-air CO2 enrichment ( FACE , about 200 micromol mol ( -1 ) above ambient ) treatment rings . When measured at the same CO2 concentration , the Pn of FACE leaves decreased significantly , indicating that photosynthetic acclimation to high CO2 occurs . Although stomatal conductance ( Gs ) in FACE leaves was markedly decreased , intercellular CO2 concentrations ( Ci ) were almost the same in FACE and ambient leaves , indicating that the photosynthetic acclimation is not caused by the decreased Gs . Furthermore , carboxylation efficiency and maximal Pn , both light and CO2-saturated Pn , were decreased in FACE leaves , as shown by the Pn-Ci curves . In addition , the soluble protein , Rubisco ( ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate caboxylase/oxygenase ) , and its activase contents as well as the sucrose-phosphate synthase activity decreased significantly , while some soluble sugar , inorganic phosphate , chlorophyll and light-harvesting complex II ( LHC II ) contents increased in FACE leaves . It appears that the photosynthetic acclimation in rice leaves is related to both ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate ( RuBP ) carboxylation limitation and RuBP regeneration limitation .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Net photosynthetic rates ( Pns ) in leaves were compared between rice plants grown in ambient air control and free-air CO2 enrichment ( FACE , about 200 micromol mol ( -1 ) above ambient ) treatment rings . When measured at the same CO2 concentration , the Pn of FACE leaves decreased significantly , indicating that photosynthetic acclimation to high CO2 occurs . Although stomatal conductance ( Gs ) in FACE leaves was markedly decreased , intercellular CO2 concentrations ( Ci ) were almost the same in FACE and ambient leaves , indicating that the photosynthetic acclimation is not caused by the decreased Gs . Furthermore , carboxylation efficiency and maximal Pn , both light and CO2-saturated Pn , were decreased in FACE leaves , as shown by the Pn-Ci curves . In addition , the soluble protein , Rubisco ( ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate caboxylase/oxygenase ) , and its activase contents as well as the sucrose-phosphate synthase activity decreased significantly , while some soluble sugar , inorganic phosphate , chlorophyll and light-harvesting complex II ( LHC II ) contents increased in FACE leaves .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Net photosynthetic rates ( Pns ) in leaves were compared between rice plants grown in ambient air control and free-air CO2 enrichment ( FACE , about 200 micromol mol ( -1 ) above ambient ) treatment rings . When measured at the same CO2 concentration , the Pn of FACE leaves decreased significantly , indicating that photosynthetic acclimation to high CO2 occurs . Although stomatal conductance ( Gs ) in FACE leaves was markedly decreased , intercellular CO2 concentrations ( Ci ) were almost the same in FACE and ambient leaves , indicating that the photosynthetic acclimation is not caused by the decreased Gs . Furthermore , carboxylation efficiency and maximal Pn , both light and CO2-saturated Pn , were decreased in FACE leaves , as shown by the Pn-Ci curves . In addition , the soluble protein , Rubisco ( ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate caboxylase/oxygenase ) , and its activase contents as well as the sucrose-phosphate synthase activity decreased significantly , while some soluble sugar , inorganic phosphate , chlorophyll and light-harvesting complex II ( LHC II ) contents increased in FACE leaves . It appears that the photosynthetic acclimation in rice leaves is related to both ribulose-1 , 5-bisphosphate ( RuBP ) carboxylation limitation and RuBP regeneration limitation .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: [ Effects of soil water status on gas exchange of peanut and early rice leaves ] | | Author: Chen J L G He Y | | Journal: Citation: V : 16 ( 1 ) P : 105-10 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15852967 Accession (PMID): 15852967 | | Abstract: The gas exchange characteristics of peanut and early rice leaves were investigated in experimental plots under different soil water conditions over a long growth period .
The results showed that at the branching stage of peanut , the stomatal conductance ( Gs ) and transpiration rate ( Tr ) decreased slightly under mild and moderate soil water stress , while the net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and leaf water use efficiency ( WUE ) increased .
The Gs/Tr ratio also increased under mild water stress , but decreased under moderate water stress .
At podding stage , the Gs , Tr , Gs/Tr ratio and Pn decreased , while WUE increased significantly under mild and moderate water stress .
The peanut was suffered from water stress at its pod setting stage .
At the grain filling stage of early rice , the Gs , Tr and Gs/Tr ratio fluctuated insignificantly under mild and moderate water stress , while Pn and WUE increased significantly , with an increase in grain yield under mild water stress .
Its suggested that the combination of Gs and Gs/Tr ratio could be a reference index for crop water stress , namely , crops could be hazarded by water stress when Gs and Gs/Tr decreased synchronously . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The gas exchange characteristics of peanut and early rice leaves were investigated in experimental plots under different soil water conditions over a long growth period . The results showed that at the branching stage of peanut , the stomatal conductance ( Gs ) and transpiration rate ( Tr ) decreased slightly under mild and moderate soil water stress , while the net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and leaf water use efficiency ( WUE ) increased . The Gs/Tr ratio also increased under mild water stress , but decreased under moderate water stress . At podding stage , the Gs , Tr , Gs/Tr ratio and Pn decreased , while WUE increased significantly under mild and moderate water stress . The peanut was suffered from water stress at its pod setting stage . At the grain filling stage of early rice , the Gs , Tr and Gs/Tr ratio fluctuated insignificantly under mild and moderate water stress , while Pn and WUE increased significantly , with an increase in grain yield under mild water stress .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The gas exchange characteristics of peanut and early rice leaves were investigated in experimental plots under different soil water conditions over a long growth period . The results showed that at the branching stage of peanut , the stomatal conductance ( Gs ) and transpiration rate ( Tr ) decreased slightly under mild and moderate soil water stress , while the net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and leaf water use efficiency ( WUE ) increased . The Gs/Tr ratio also increased under mild water stress , but decreased under moderate water stress . At podding stage , the Gs , Tr , Gs/Tr ratio and Pn decreased , while WUE increased significantly under mild and moderate water stress . The peanut was suffered from water stress at its pod setting stage . At the grain filling stage of early rice , the Gs , Tr and Gs/Tr ratio fluctuated insignificantly under mild and moderate water stress , while Pn and WUE increased significantly , with an increase in grain yield under mild water stress . Its suggested that the combination of Gs and Gs/Tr ratio could be a reference index for crop water stress , namely , crops could be hazarded by water stress when Gs and Gs/Tr decreased synchronously .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results showed that at the branching stage of peanut , the stomatal conductance ( Gs ) and transpiration rate ( Tr ) decreased slightly under mild and moderate soil water stress , while the net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and leaf water use efficiency ( WUE ) increased . The Gs/Tr ratio also increased under mild water stress , but decreased under moderate water stress . At podding stage , the Gs , Tr , Gs/Tr ratio and Pn decreased , while WUE increased significantly under mild and moderate water stress . The peanut was suffered from water stress at its pod setting stage . At the grain filling stage of early rice , the Gs , Tr and Gs/Tr ratio fluctuated insignificantly under mild and moderate water stress , while Pn and WUE increased significantly , with an increase in grain yield under mild water stress . Its suggested that the combination of Gs and Gs/Tr ratio could be a reference index for crop water stress , namely , crops could be hazarded by water stress when Gs and Gs/Tr decreased synchronously .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Is root growth under phosphorus deficiency affected by source or sink limitations?
| | Author: Wissuwa M Gamat G Ismail AM .
| | Journal: J Exp . Bot . Citation: V : 56 ( 417 ) P : 1943-50 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15911558 Accession (PMID): 15911558 | | Abstract: Reduced net photosynthesis ( Pn ) and decreasing shoot and root biomass are typical effects of phosphorus deficiency in plants .
Lower biomass accumulation could be the result of reduced Pn ( source limitation ) , but may also be due to direct negative effects of low P availability on growth ( sink limitation ) .
Because of the principal importance of root growth for P uptake , this study specifically examined the question whether source or sink limitations were responsible for reduced root growth rates under P deficiency .
Rice plants were grown in nutrient solutions with four levels of P supply and at two light treatments and the effect of Pxlight treatments on growth and carbohydrate distribution was observed .
Plants had up to 70% higher Pn when grown with natural ( high ) light compared with low light .
Higher Pn , however , did not lead to additional growth under P deficiency , suggesting that assimilate supply from source leaves to roots was not a limiting factor under P deficiency .
This was supported by observations that root starch concentrations increased in P-deficient roots .
The comparison of two genotypes with different tolerance to P deficiency showed that the more tolerant one preferentially distributed P to roots where the additional P stimulated root growth and , ultimately , P uptake .
The results therefore suggest that source limitation is of little importance under P deficiency .
Even at highly sub-optimal it issue P concentrations of below 0 . 7 mg P g ( -1 ) dry weight , plants were able to produce enough assimilates to sustain growth rates that were directly limited by low P availability . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Reduced net photosynthesis ( Pn ) and decreasing shoot and root biomass are typical effects of phosphorus deficiency in plants . Lower biomass accumulation could be the result of reduced Pn ( source limitation ) , but may also be due to direct negative effects of low P availability on growth ( sink limitation ) . Because of the principal importance of root growth for P uptake , this study specifically examined the question whether source or sink limitations were responsible for reduced root growth rates under P deficiency . Rice plants were grown in nutrient solutions with four levels of P supply and at two light treatments and the effect of Pxlight treatments on growth and carbohydrate distribution was observed . Plants had up to 70% higher Pn when grown with natural ( high ) light compared with low light .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Reduced net photosynthesis ( Pn ) and decreasing shoot and root biomass are typical effects of phosphorus deficiency in plants . Lower biomass accumulation could be the result of reduced Pn ( source limitation ) , but may also be due to direct negative effects of low P availability on growth ( sink limitation ) . Because of the principal importance of root growth for P uptake , this study specifically examined the question whether source or sink limitations were responsible for reduced root growth rates under P deficiency . Rice plants were grown in nutrient solutions with four levels of P supply and at two light treatments and the effect of Pxlight treatments on growth and carbohydrate distribution was observed . Plants had up to 70% higher Pn when grown with natural ( high ) light compared with low light . Higher Pn , however , did not lead to additional growth under P deficiency , suggesting that assimilate supply from source leaves to roots was not a limiting factor under P deficiency .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Reduced net photosynthesis ( Pn ) and decreasing shoot and root biomass are typical effects of phosphorus deficiency in plants . Lower biomass accumulation could be the result of reduced Pn ( source limitation ) , but may also be due to direct negative effects of low P availability on growth ( sink limitation ) . Because of the principal importance of root growth for P uptake , this study specifically examined the question whether source or sink limitations were responsible for reduced root growth rates under P deficiency . Rice plants were grown in nutrient solutions with four levels of P supply and at two light treatments and the effect of Pxlight treatments on growth and carbohydrate distribution was observed . Plants had up to 70% higher Pn when grown with natural ( high ) light compared with low light . Higher Pn , however , did not lead to additional growth under P deficiency , suggesting that assimilate supply from source leaves to roots was not a limiting factor under P deficiency . This was supported by observations that root starch concentrations increased in P-deficient roots . The comparison of two genotypes with different tolerance to P deficiency showed that the more tolerant one preferentially distributed P to roots where the additional P stimulated root growth and , ultimately , P uptake . The results therefore suggest that source limitation is of little importance under P deficiency .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Lower biomass accumulation could be the result of reduced Pn ( source limitation ) , but may also be due to direct negative effects of low P availability on growth ( sink limitation ) . Because of the principal importance of root growth for P uptake , this study specifically examined the question whether source or sink limitations were responsible for reduced root growth rates under P deficiency . Rice plants were grown in nutrient solutions with four levels of P supply and at two light treatments and the effect of Pxlight treatments on growth and carbohydrate distribution was observed . Plants had up to 70% higher Pn when grown with natural ( high ) light compared with low light . Higher Pn , however , did not lead to additional growth under P deficiency , suggesting that assimilate supply from source leaves to roots was not a limiting factor under P deficiency . This was supported by observations that root starch concentrations increased in P-deficient roots . The comparison of two genotypes with different tolerance to P deficiency showed that the more tolerant one preferentially distributed P to roots where the additional P stimulated root growth and , ultimately , P uptake . The results therefore suggest that source limitation is of little importance under P deficiency . Even at highly sub-optimal it issue P concentrations of below 0 . 7 mg P g ( -1 ) dry weight , plants were able to produce enough assimilates to sustain growth rates that were directly limited by low P availability .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Ecological risk assessment on a cadmium contaminated soil landfill--a preliminary evaluation based on toxicity tests on local species and site-specific information .
| | Author: Chen CM Liu MC .
| | Journal: Sci .
Total Environ .
Citation: V : 359 ( 1-3 ) P : 120-9 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15964610 Accession (PMID): 15964610 | | Abstract: In recent years , methodology of ecological risk assessment has been developed and applied frequently for addressing various circumstances where ecological impacts are suspected or have occurred due to environmental contamination ; however , its practice is very limited in Taiwan .
In 1982 , brown rice from rice paddy fields in Da-Tan , Tau-Yuan , was found to be contaminated with Cd and Pb due to illegal discharges of wastewater , known as the "Cd rice" incidence .
Cadmium laden soil was transferred to a constructed landfill in an industrial park 15 years after the incident .
Possible leakage of the landfill was suspected by committee members of a supervising board for the remediation process , and a preliminary ecological risk evaluation was requested .
A possible risk scenario was that groundwater contamination due to the leachate containing Cd and Pb from the landfill could result in pollution of coastal water , and subsequently produce toxic effects to aquatic organisms .
Chemical dissipation in groundwater systems was simulated and short-term chronic toxicity tests on larvae of three local aquatic species were also performed to determine the no-observed adverse-effect concentrations ( NOAECs ) , as well as the predicted no effect concentrations ( PNECs ) , of the two metals in the organisms tested .
The hazard quotient ( HQ ) , the ratio of predicted environmental concentrations ( PECs ) to PNECs , was used for risk characterization .
A worst-case-scenario calculation showed that the maximum Cd concentration at 60 m and farther downstream from the site in the groundwater system would be 0 . 0028 mg l ( -1 ) with a maximum initial concentration of 0 . 65 mg l ( -1 ) in the leachate , while for Pb , the highest concentration of 0 . 044 mg l ( -1 ) would be reached at a distance of 40 m and farther , which was based on an initial concentration of 4 . 4 mg l ( -1 ) in the leachate ; however , both cases would only occur 80 years after the initiation of leakage .
A presumed dilution factor of 100 was used to calculate the PECs based on the maximum initial concentrations .
The Cd and Pbs PNECs for three aquatic animals were 0 . 01 to approximately 0 . 1 mg l ( -1 ) , higher than their PECs in coastal water , resulting in HQs less than 1 for the scenario described .
We concluded that if a leakage does occur , the ecological impact would be minimal because a majority of the metals will be retained in the soil phase and the remaining , if released into the aquatic system , can not reach high enough concentrations to produce toxicity to marine animals .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: In 1982 , brown rice from rice paddy fields in Da-Tan , Tau-Yuan , was found to be contaminated with Cd and Pb due to illegal discharges of wastewater , known as the "Cd rice" incidence . Cadmium laden soil was transferred to a constructed landfill in an industrial park 15 years after the incident . Possible leakage of the landfill was suspected by committee members of a supervising board for the remediation process , and a preliminary ecological risk evaluation was requested . A possible risk scenario was that groundwater contamination due to the leachate containing Cd and Pb from the landfill could result in pollution of coastal water , and subsequently produce toxic effects to aquatic organisms . Chemical dissipation in groundwater systems was simulated and short-term chronic toxicity tests on larvae of three local aquatic species were also performed to determine the no-observed adverse-effect concentrations ( NOAECs ) , as well as the predicted no effect concentrations ( PNECs ) , of the two metals in the organisms tested . The hazard quotient ( HQ ) , the ratio of predicted environmental concentrations ( PECs ) to PNECs , was used for risk characterization . A worst-case-scenario calculation showed that the maximum Cd concentration at 60 m and farther downstream from the site in the groundwater system would be 0 . 0028 mg l ( -1 ) with a maximum initial concentration of 0 . 65 mg l ( -1 ) in the leachate , while for Pb , the highest concentration of 0 . 044 mg l ( -1 ) would be reached at a distance of 40 m and farther , which was based on an initial concentration of 4 . 4 mg l ( -1 ) in the leachate ; however , both cases would only occur 80 years after the initiation of leakage . A presumed dilution factor of 100 was used to calculate the PECs based on the maximum initial concentrations . The Cd and Pbs PNECs for three aquatic animals were 0 . 01 to approximately 0 . 1 mg l ( -1 ) , higher than their PECs in coastal water , resulting in HQs less than 1 for the scenario described .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Cadmium laden soil was transferred to a constructed landfill in an industrial park 15 years after the incident . Possible leakage of the landfill was suspected by committee members of a supervising board for the remediation process , and a preliminary ecological risk evaluation was requested . A possible risk scenario was that groundwater contamination due to the leachate containing Cd and Pb from the landfill could result in pollution of coastal water , and subsequently produce toxic effects to aquatic organisms . Chemical dissipation in groundwater systems was simulated and short-term chronic toxicity tests on larvae of three local aquatic species were also performed to determine the no-observed adverse-effect concentrations ( NOAECs ) , as well as the predicted no effect concentrations ( PNECs ) , of the two metals in the organisms tested . The hazard quotient ( HQ ) , the ratio of predicted environmental concentrations ( PECs ) to PNECs , was used for risk characterization . A worst-case-scenario calculation showed that the maximum Cd concentration at 60 m and farther downstream from the site in the groundwater system would be 0 . 0028 mg l ( -1 ) with a maximum initial concentration of 0 . 65 mg l ( -1 ) in the leachate , while for Pb , the highest concentration of 0 . 044 mg l ( -1 ) would be reached at a distance of 40 m and farther , which was based on an initial concentration of 4 . 4 mg l ( -1 ) in the leachate ; however , both cases would only occur 80 years after the initiation of leakage . A presumed dilution factor of 100 was used to calculate the PECs based on the maximum initial concentrations . The Cd and Pbs PNECs for three aquatic animals were 0 . 01 to approximately 0 . 1 mg l ( -1 ) , higher than their PECs in coastal water , resulting in HQs less than 1 for the scenario described . We concluded that if a leakage does occur , the ecological impact would be minimal because a majority of the metals will be retained in the soil phase and the remaining , if released into the aquatic system , can not reach high enough concentrations to produce toxicity to marine animals .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Chemical dissipation in groundwater systems was simulated and short-term chronic toxicity tests on larvae of three local aquatic species were also performed to determine the no-observed adverse-effect concentrations ( NOAECs ) , as well as the predicted no effect concentrations ( PNECs ) , of the two metals in the organisms tested . The hazard quotient ( HQ ) , the ratio of predicted environmental concentrations ( PECs ) to PNECs , was used for risk characterization . A worst-case-scenario calculation showed that the maximum Cd concentration at 60 m and farther downstream from the site in the groundwater system would be 0 . 0028 mg l ( -1 ) with a maximum initial concentration of 0 . 65 mg l ( -1 ) in the leachate , while for Pb , the highest concentration of 0 . 044 mg l ( -1 ) would be reached at a distance of 40 m and farther , which was based on an initial concentration of 4 . 4 mg l ( -1 ) in the leachate ; however , both cases would only occur 80 years after the initiation of leakage . A presumed dilution factor of 100 was used to calculate the PECs based on the maximum initial concentrations . The Cd and Pbs PNECs for three aquatic animals were 0 . 01 to approximately 0 . 1 mg l ( -1 ) , higher than their PECs in coastal water , resulting in HQs less than 1 for the scenario described . We concluded that if a leakage does occur , the ecological impact would be minimal because a majority of the metals will be retained in the soil phase and the remaining , if released into the aquatic system , can not reach high enough concentrations to produce toxicity to marine animals .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Thermostability of photosynthesis in two new chlorophyll b-less rice mutants .
| | Author: Lin Z Peng C Xu X Lin G Zhang J | | Journal: Sci .
China , C , Life Sci .
Citation: V : 48 ( 2 ) P : 139-47 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub15986886 Accession (PMID): 15986886 | | Abstract: Leaves of the two new chlorophyll b-less rice mutants VG28-1 , VG30-5 and the wild type rice cv .
Zhonghua 11 were subjected to temperatures 28 , 36 , 40 , 44 and 48 degrees C in the dark for 30 min or gradually elevated temperature from 30 degrees C to 80 degrees C at 0 . 5 degrees C/min .
The thermostability of photosynthetic apparatus was estimated by the changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters , photosynthetic rate and pigment content , chloroplast ultrastructure and it issue location of H2O2 accumulation .
There were different patterns of F ( o ) -temperature curves between the Chl b-less mutants and the wild type plant , and the temperature of F ( o ) rising threshold was shifted 3 degrees C lower in the Chl b-less mutants ( 48 degrees C ) than in the wild type ( 51 degrees C ) .
At temperature up to about 45 degrees C , chloroplasts were swollen and thylakoid grana became misty accompanied with the complete loss of photosynthetic oxygen evolution in the two Chl b-less mutants , but chloroplast ultrastructure in the wild type showed no obvious alteration .
After 55 degrees C exposure , the disordered thylakoid and significant H2O2 accumulation in leaves were found in the two Chl b-less mutants , whereas in the wild type plant , less H2O2 was accumulated and the swollen thylakoid still maintained a certain extent of stacking .
A large extent of the changes in qP , NPQ and Fv/Fm was consistent with the Pn decreasing rate in the Chl b-less mutants during high temperature treatment as compared with the wild type .
The results indicated that the Chl b-less mutants showed a tendency for higher thermosensitivity , and loss of Chl b in LHC II could lead to less thermostability of PSII structure and function .
Heat damage to photosynthetic apparatus might be partially attributed to the internal oxidative stress produced at severely high temperature . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The thermostability of photosynthetic apparatus was estimated by the changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters , photosynthetic rate and pigment content , chloroplast ultrastructure and it issue location of H2O2 accumulation . There were different patterns of F ( o ) -temperature curves between the Chl b-less mutants and the wild type plant , and the temperature of F ( o ) rising threshold was shifted 3 degrees C lower in the Chl b-less mutants ( 48 degrees C ) than in the wild type ( 51 degrees C ) . At temperature up to about 45 degrees C , chloroplasts were swollen and thylakoid grana became misty accompanied with the complete loss of photosynthetic oxygen evolution in the two Chl b-less mutants , but chloroplast ultrastructure in the wild type showed no obvious alteration . After 55 degrees C exposure , the disordered thylakoid and significant H2O2 accumulation in leaves were found in the two Chl b-less mutants , whereas in the wild type plant , less H2O2 was accumulated and the swollen thylakoid still maintained a certain extent of stacking . A large extent of the changes in qP , NPQ and Fv/Fm was consistent with the Pn decreasing rate in the Chl b-less mutants during high temperature treatment as compared with the wild type . The results indicated that the Chl b-less mutants showed a tendency for higher thermosensitivity , and loss of Chl b in LHC II could lead to less thermostability of PSII structure and function . Heat damage to photosynthetic apparatus might be partially attributed to the internal oxidative stress produced at severely high temperature .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: The Chakaria food system study : household-level , case-control study to identify risk factor for rickets in Bangladesh .
| | Author: Combs GF Hassan N | | Journal: Citation: V : 59 ( 11 ) P : 1291-301 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16047028 Accession (PMID): 16047028 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : A comprehensive , multiround survey of local food systems in a rickets-endemic area of Bangladesh was conducted to identify household-level risk factors for rickets .
DESIGN : A household-level , case-control study was conducted in a rickets-endemic area , Chakaria , with planned comparisons between households with one or more rachitic child and neighboring households with no affected children .
SETTING : A rickets-endemic area of southeastern Bangladesh , Chakaria .
SUBJECTS AND METHODS : An interview-based survey was conducted in six villages in Chakaria with 199 households with at least one child showing physical signs consistent with rickets and 281 households with no affected children .
RESULTS : Households with rachitic children in Chakaria had more children , more pregnant or lactating women , and fewer adults than unaffected households in that community .
Affected households tended to rely on farming for their livelihood and tended to have less economic activity as indicated by less outstanding debt than their neighbors .
Households with rickets were at significantly greater risk of pneumonia than were other households .
Calcium undernutrition was severe and widespread in Chakaria due to a food system that offered very little of the element in accessible forms .
Household diets were based on cereals and starchy vegetables .
Rice and fish constituted the major source of calcium for most households , although dairy products , when used , were very important calcium sources , particularly for young children .
In fact , the use of dairy products was the only household choice that led to substantial increases in the calcium intakes of children , and households that used dairy products tended to show increased calcium intakes for all of their members .
CONCLUSIONS : The risk of a Chakarian household having a child with rickets appeared to be related to its economic status .
Although this might be expected to be manifest as limitations in food access and/or use , rickets households failed to show a dietary pattern associated with rickets .
Calcium undernutrition was prevalent and , thus , would appear to be a predisposing factor for rickets ; however , calcium undernutrition was prevalent in Chakarian households with and without rickets .
Therefore , it is probable that another precipitating factor ( s ) play a role ( s ) in the etiology of rickets in Chakaria .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: SETTING : A rickets-endemic area of southeastern Bangladesh , Chakaria . SUBJECTS AND METHODS : An interview-based survey was conducted in six villages in Chakaria with 199 households with at least one child showing physical signs consistent with rickets and 281 households with no affected children . RESULTS : Households with rachitic children in Chakaria had more children , more pregnant or lactating women , and fewer adults than unaffected households in that community . Affected households tended to rely on farming for their livelihood and tended to have less economic activity as indicated by less outstanding debt than their neighbors . Households with rickets were at significantly greater risk of pneumonia than were other households . Calcium undernutrition was severe and widespread in Chakaria due to a food system that offered very little of the element in accessible forms . Household diets were based on cereals and starchy vegetables . Rice and fish constituted the major source of calcium for most households , although dairy products , when used , were very important calcium sources , particularly for young children . In fact , the use of dairy products was the only household choice that led to substantial increases in the calcium intakes of children , and households that used dairy products tended to show increased calcium intakes for all of their members .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Identification of an RNA silencing suppressor from a plant double-stranded RNA virus .
| | Author: Cao X Zhou P Zhang X Zhu S Zhong X Xiao Q Ding B Li Y | | Journal: J Virol .
Citation: V : 79 ( 20 ) P : 13018-27 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16189004 Accession (PMID): 16189004 | | Abstract: RNA silencing is a mechanism which higher plants and animals have evolved to defend against viral infection in addition to regulation of gene expression for growth and development .
As a counterdefense , many plant and some animal viruses studied to date encode RNA silencing suppressors ( RSS ) that interfere with various steps of the silencing pathway .
In this study , we report the first identification of an RSS from a plant double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) virus .
Pns10 , encoded by S10 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , exhibited RSS activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c carrying GFP .
The other gene segments of the RDV genome did not have such a function .
Pns10 suppressed local and systemic silencing induced by sense RNA but did not interfere with local and systemic silencing induced by dsRNA .
Expression of Pns10 also increased the expression of beta-glucuronidase in transient assays and enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana .
Collectively , our results establish Pns10 as an RSS encoded by a plant dsRNA virus and further suggest that Pns10 targets an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: Pns10 , encoded by S10 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , exhibited RSS activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c carrying GFP . The other gene segments of the RDV genome did not have such a function . Pns10 suppressed local and systemic silencing induced by sense RNA but did not interfere with local and systemic silencing induced by dsRNA . Expression of Pns10 also increased the expression of beta-glucuronidase in transient assays and enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , our results establish Pns10 as an RSS encoded by a plant dsRNA virus and further suggest that Pns10 targets an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a mechanism which higher plants and animals have evolved to defend against viral infection in addition to regulation of gene expression for growth and development . As a counterdefense , many plant and some animal viruses studied to date encode RNA silencing suppressors ( RSS ) that interfere with various steps of the silencing pathway . In this study , we report the first identification of an RSS from a plant double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) virus . Pns10 , encoded by S10 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , exhibited RSS activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c carrying GFP . The other gene segments of the RDV genome did not have such a function . Pns10 suppressed local and systemic silencing induced by sense RNA but did not interfere with local and systemic silencing induced by dsRNA . Expression of Pns10 also increased the expression of beta-glucuronidase in transient assays and enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , our results establish Pns10 as an RSS encoded by a plant dsRNA virus and further suggest that Pns10 targets an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: As a counterdefense , many plant and some animal viruses studied to date encode RNA silencing suppressors ( RSS ) that interfere with various steps of the silencing pathway . In this study , we report the first identification of an RSS from a plant double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) virus . Pns10 , encoded by S10 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , exhibited RSS activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c carrying GFP . The other gene segments of the RDV genome did not have such a function . Pns10 suppressed local and systemic silencing induced by sense RNA but did not interfere with local and systemic silencing induced by dsRNA . Expression of Pns10 also increased the expression of beta-glucuronidase in transient assays and enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , our results establish Pns10 as an RSS encoded by a plant dsRNA virus and further suggest that Pns10 targets an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this study , we report the first identification of an RSS from a plant double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) virus . Pns10 , encoded by S10 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , exhibited RSS activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c carrying GFP . The other gene segments of the RDV genome did not have such a function . Pns10 suppressed local and systemic silencing induced by sense RNA but did not interfere with local and systemic silencing induced by dsRNA . Expression of Pns10 also increased the expression of beta-glucuronidase in transient assays and enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , our results establish Pns10 as an RSS encoded by a plant dsRNA virus and further suggest that Pns10 targets an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Grain yield responses to moisture regimes in a rice population : association among traits and genetic markers .
| | Author: Zou GH Mei HW Liu HY Liu GL Hu SP Yu XQ Li MS Wu JH Luo LJ .
| | Journal: Theor . Appl . Genet . Citation: V : 112 ( 1 ) P : 106-13 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16231161 Accession (PMID): 16231161 | | Abstract: Drought is a major constraint to rice ( Oryza sativa L ) production in rainfed and poorly irrigated environments .
Identifying genomic regions influencing the response of yield and its components to water deficits will aid our understanding of the genetic mechanism of drought tolerance ( DT ) of rice and the development of DT varieties .
Grain yield ( GY ) and its components of a recombinant inbred population developed from a lowland rice and an upland rice were investigated under different water levels in 2003 and 2004 in a rainout DT screening facility .
Correlation and path analysis indicated that spikelet fertility ( SF ) was particularly important for grain yield with direct effect ( P=0 . 60 ) under drought stress , while spikelet number per panicle ( SN ) contributed the most to grain yield ( P=0 . 41 ) under well-watered condition .
A total of 32 quantitative trait loci ( QTLs ) for grain yield and its components were identified .
The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTLs varied from 1 . 29% to 14 . 76% .
Several main effect QTLs affecting SF , 1 , 000-grain weight ( TGW ) , panicle number ( PN ) , and SN were mapped to the same regions on chromosome 4 and 8 .
These QTLs were detected consistently across 2 years and under both water levels in this study .
Several digenic interactions among yield components were also detected .
The identification of genomic regions associated with GY and its components under stress will be useful to improve drought tolerance of rice by marker-aided approaches . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Grain yield ( GY ) and its components of a recombinant inbred population developed from a lowland rice and an upland rice were investigated under different water levels in 2003 and 2004 in a rainout DT screening facility . Correlation and path analysis indicated that spikelet fertility ( SF ) was particularly important for grain yield with direct effect ( P=0 . 60 ) under drought stress , while spikelet number per panicle ( SN ) contributed the most to grain yield ( P=0 . 41 ) under well-watered condition . A total of 32 quantitative trait loci ( QTLs ) for grain yield and its components were identified . The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTLs varied from 1 . 29% to 14 . 76% . Several main effect QTLs affecting SF , 1 , 000-grain weight ( TGW ) , panicle number ( PN ) , and SN were mapped to the same regions on chromosome 4 and 8 . These QTLs were detected consistently across 2 years and under both water levels in this study . Several digenic interactions among yield components were also detected . The identification of genomic regions associated with GY and its components under stress will be useful to improve drought tolerance of rice by marker-aided approaches .
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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: Pns12 protein of Rice dwarf virus is essential for formation of viroplasms and nucleation of viral-assembly complexes .
| | Author: Wei T Shimizu T Hagiwara K Kikuchi A Moriyasu Y Suzuki N Chen H Omura T | | Journal: J Gen . Virol . Citation: V : 87 ( Pt 2 ) P : 429-38 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16432031 Accession (PMID): 16432031 | | Abstract: Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies , known as viroplasms or viral factories , are assumed to be the sites of replication of members of the family Reoviridae .
Immunocytochemical and biochemical analyses were carried out to characterize the poorly understood viroplasms of the phytoreovirus Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) .
Within 6 h of inoculation of cells , viroplasms , namely discrete cytoplasmic inclusions , were formed that contained the non-structural proteins Pns6 , Pns11 and Pns12 of RDV , which appeared to be the constituents of the inclusions .
Formation of similar inclusions in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns12 in a baculovirus system and the association of molecules of Pns12 in vitro suggested that the inclusions observed in RDV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns12 .
Core proteins P1 , P3 , P5 and P7 and core virus particles were identified in the interior region of the inclusions .
In contrast , accumulation of the outer capsid proteins P2 , P8 and P9 and of intact virus particles was evident in the peripheral regions of the inclusions .
These observations suggest that core particles were constructed inside the inclusions , whereas outer capsid proteins were assembled at the periphery of the inclusions .
Viral inclusions were shown to be the sites of viral RNA synthesis by labelling infected cells with 5-bromouridine 5-triphosphate .
The number of viroplasms decreased with time post-inoculation as their sizes increased , suggesting that inclusions might fuse with one another during the virus-propagation process .
Our results are consistent with a model , proposed for vertebrate reoviruses , in which viroplasms play a pivotal role in virus assembly . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 3.00 ]: Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies , known as viroplasms or viral factories , are assumed to be the sites of replication of members of the family Reoviridae . Immunocytochemical and biochemical analyses were carried out to characterize the poorly understood viroplasms of the phytoreovirus Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) . Within 6 h of inoculation of cells , viroplasms , namely discrete cytoplasmic inclusions , were formed that contained the non-structural proteins Pns6 , Pns11 and Pns12 of RDV , which appeared to be the constituents of the inclusions . Formation of similar inclusions in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns12 in a baculovirus system and the association of molecules of Pns12 in vitro suggested that the inclusions observed in RDV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns12 . Core proteins P1 , P3 , P5 and P7 and core virus particles were identified in the interior region of the inclusions . In contrast , accumulation of the outer capsid proteins P2 , P8 and P9 and of intact virus particles was evident in the peripheral regions of the inclusions . These observations suggest that core particles were constructed inside the inclusions , whereas outer capsid proteins were assembled at the periphery of the inclusions .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 3.00 ]: Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies , known as viroplasms or viral factories , are assumed to be the sites of replication of members of the family Reoviridae . Immunocytochemical and biochemical analyses were carried out to characterize the poorly understood viroplasms of the phytoreovirus Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) . Within 6 h of inoculation of cells , viroplasms , namely discrete cytoplasmic inclusions , were formed that contained the non-structural proteins Pns6 , Pns11 and Pns12 of RDV , which appeared to be the constituents of the inclusions . Formation of similar inclusions in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns12 in a baculovirus system and the association of molecules of Pns12 in vitro suggested that the inclusions observed in RDV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns12 . Core proteins P1 , P3 , P5 and P7 and core virus particles were identified in the interior region of the inclusions . In contrast , accumulation of the outer capsid proteins P2 , P8 and P9 and of intact virus particles was evident in the peripheral regions of the inclusions . These observations suggest that core particles were constructed inside the inclusions , whereas outer capsid proteins were assembled at the periphery of the inclusions . Viral inclusions were shown to be the sites of viral RNA synthesis by labelling infected cells with 5-bromouridine 5-triphosphate .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Substitution mapping of dth1 . 1 , a flowering-time quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) associated with transgressive variation in rice , reveals multiple sub-QTL .
| | Author: Thomson MJ Edwards JD Septiningsih EM Harrington SE McCouch SR .
| | Journal: Genetics Citation: V : 172 ( 4 ) P : 2501-14 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16452146 Accession (PMID): 16452146 | | Abstract: A quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) , dth1 . 1 , was associated with transgressive variation for days to heading in an advanced backcross population derived from the Oryza sativa variety Jefferson and an accession of the wild rice relative Oryza rufipogon .
A series of near-isogenic lines ( NILs ) containing different O rufipogon introgressions across the target region were constructed to dissect dth1 . 1 using substitution mapping .
In contrast to the late-flowering O rufipogon parent , O rufipogon alleles in the substitution lines caused early flowering under both short and long-day lengths and provided evidence for at least two distinct sub-QTL : dth1 . 1a and dth1 . 1b .
Potential candidate genes underlying these sub-QTL include genes with sequence similarity to Arabidopsis GI , FT , SOC1 , and EMF1 , and Pharbitis nil PNZIP .
Evidence from families with nontarget O rufipogon introgressions in combination with dth1 . 1 alleles also detected an early flowering QTL on chromosome 4 and a late-flowering QTL on chromosome 6 and provided evidence for additional sub-QTL in the dth1 . 1 region .
The availability of a series of near-isogenic lines with alleles introgressed from a wild relative of rice provides an opportunity to better understand the molecular basis of transgressive variation in a quantitative trait . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: A quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) , dth1 . 1 , was associated with transgressive variation for days to heading in an advanced backcross population derived from the Oryza sativa variety Jefferson and an accession of the wild rice relative Oryza rufipogon . A series of near-isogenic lines ( NILs ) containing different O rufipogon introgressions across the target region were constructed to dissect dth1 . 1 using substitution mapping . In contrast to the late-flowering O rufipogon parent , O rufipogon alleles in the substitution lines caused early flowering under both short and long-day lengths and provided evidence for at least two distinct sub-QTL : dth1 . 1a and dth1 . 1b . Potential candidate genes underlying these sub-QTL include genes with sequence similarity to Arabidopsis GI , FT , SOC1 , and EMF1 , and Pharbitis nil PNZIP . Evidence from families with nontarget O rufipogon introgressions in combination with dth1 . 1 alleles also detected an early flowering QTL on chromosome 4 and a late-flowering QTL on chromosome 6 and provided evidence for additional sub-QTL in the dth1 . 1 region . The availability of a series of near-isogenic lines with alleles introgressed from a wild relative of rice provides an opportunity to better understand the molecular basis of transgressive variation in a quantitative trait .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Identification of nif genes in N2-fixing bacterial strains isolated from rice fields along the Yangtze River Plain .
| | Author: Xie GH Cui Z Yu J Yan J Hai W Steinberger Y | | Journal: J Basic Microbiol .
Citation: V : 46 ( 1 ) P : 56-63 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16463319 Accession (PMID): 16463319 | | Abstract: The aim of this research was to identify nifH and nifHDKYE genes in twenty strains of N2-fixing heterotrophic bacteria isolated from rice fields in the Yangtze River Plain .
Southern hybridization of the total DNA from each strain was performed with the Klebsiella pneumoniae nifHDKYE gene probe ( 6 . 2 kb Eco RI fragment from pSA30 ) and the Azospirillum brasilense nifH gene probe ( 0 . 6 kb Eco RI-Hin dIII fragment from pHU8 ) .
We found that Eco RI fragments of total DNA from Aeromonas hydrophila HY2 , Bacillus azotoformans FD , Bacillus licheniformis NCH1 , NCH5 , WH4 , Bacillus brevis NC2 , Bacillus pumilus NC12 , Bacillus cereus NCH2 , Citrobacter freundii HY5 , HY9 , Derxia gummosa HZ5 , Pseudomonas mendocina HZ1 and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes WH3 were positively hybridized with both of the probes .
Agrobacterium radiobacter HY17 , Corynebacterium sp .
HY12 , YZ and Pseudomonas sp .
HY11 had Eco RI fragments hybridized with the K pneumoniae nifHDKYE gene probe .
An Eco RI fragment of total DNA from Bacillus megaterium YY4 was positively hybridized to the A brasilense nifH gene probe .
No hybridization sign was found in the total DNA fragments from Alcaligenes cupidus YY6 and Corynebacterium sp .
NC11 hybridized with either of the gene probes .
The data provide the number and size of EcoRI fragments of the total DNA hybridized with the nif gene probes for these strains of rarely studied species , suggesting additional evidence for N2 fixing and nif gene diversity of N2-fixing bacteria in rice fields along the Yangtze River Plain . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The aim of this research was to identify nifH and nifHDKYE genes in twenty strains of N2-fixing heterotrophic bacteria isolated from rice fields in the Yangtze River Plain . Southern hybridization of the total DNA from each strain was performed with the Klebsiella pneumoniae nifHDKYE gene probe ( 6 . 2 kb Eco RI fragment from pSA30 ) and the Azospirillum brasilense nifH gene probe ( 0 . 6 kb Eco RI-Hin dIII fragment from pHU8 ) . We found that Eco RI fragments of total DNA from Aeromonas hydrophila HY2 , Bacillus azotoformans FD , Bacillus licheniformis NCH1 , NCH5 , WH4 , Bacillus brevis NC2 , Bacillus pumilus NC12 , Bacillus cereus NCH2 , Citrobacter freundii HY5 , HY9 , Derxia gummosa HZ5 , Pseudomonas mendocina HZ1 and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes WH3 were positively hybridized with both of the probes . Agrobacterium radiobacter HY17 , Corynebacterium sp . HY12 , YZ and Pseudomonas sp . HY11 had Eco RI fragments hybridized with the K pneumoniae nifHDKYE gene probe .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Southern hybridization of the total DNA from each strain was performed with the Klebsiella pneumoniae nifHDKYE gene probe ( 6 . 2 kb Eco RI fragment from pSA30 ) and the Azospirillum brasilense nifH gene probe ( 0 . 6 kb Eco RI-Hin dIII fragment from pHU8 ) . We found that Eco RI fragments of total DNA from Aeromonas hydrophila HY2 , Bacillus azotoformans FD , Bacillus licheniformis NCH1 , NCH5 , WH4 , Bacillus brevis NC2 , Bacillus pumilus NC12 , Bacillus cereus NCH2 , Citrobacter freundii HY5 , HY9 , Derxia gummosa HZ5 , Pseudomonas mendocina HZ1 and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes WH3 were positively hybridized with both of the probes . Agrobacterium radiobacter HY17 , Corynebacterium sp . HY12 , YZ and Pseudomonas sp . HY11 had Eco RI fragments hybridized with the K pneumoniae nifHDKYE gene probe . An Eco RI fragment of total DNA from Bacillus megaterium YY4 was positively hybridized to the A brasilense nifH gene probe . No hybridization sign was found in the total DNA fragments from Alcaligenes cupidus YY6 and Corynebacterium sp . NC11 hybridized with either of the gene probes . The data provide the number and size of EcoRI fragments of the total DNA hybridized with the nif gene probes for these strains of rarely studied species , suggesting additional evidence for N2 fixing and nif gene diversity of N2-fixing bacteria in rice fields along the Yangtze River Plain .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Photosynthetic light and CO2 utilization and C4 traits of two novel super-rice hybrids .
| | Author: Wang Q Zhang Q Fan D Lu C | | Journal: J Plant Physiol .
Citation: V : 163 ( 5 ) P : 529-37 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16473657 Accession (PMID): 16473657 | | Abstract: Characteristics of photosynthetic light and CO2 use efficiency from seedling to heading stage , and C4 pathway enzyme activities in both flag leaves and lemma were compared between two newly developed super-rice hybrids ( Oryza sativa L ) , Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 , and a traditional rice hybrid , Shanyou 63 .
At seedling and tillering stages , Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 had higher net photosynthetic rates ( Pn ) and light saturated assimilation rates ( Asat ) than did Shanyou 63 , at both normal ( 360 micromol mol ( -1 ) ) and doubled ( 720 micromol mol ( -1 ) ) CO2 concentrations .
At the heading stage , the flag leaves of all three rice hybrids had similar Pn and Asat .
However , the two super-rice hybrids had higher apparent quantum yield ( AQY ) and carboxylation efficiency ( CE ) during all three typical developmental stages , and higher quantum yield of CO2 fixation ( PhiCO2 ) at the tillering and heading stages .
In addition , Liangyoupeijiu showed significantly higher activities of the C ( 4 ) pathway enzymes in both flag leaves and lemmas than did Shanyou 63 .
As a result , flag leaves of the two super-rice hybrids had higher Pn at morning , noontime and late afternoon during the daily cycle .
Since most of the grain yield of rice comes from the photosynthesis of flag leaves , the similar Asat and much higher AQY , CE and PhiCO2 at heading stage of the two super-rice hybrids indicates that higher photosynthetic efficiency rather than higher photosynthetic capacity may be the primary factor contributing to their higher grain yields . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Characteristics of photosynthetic light and CO2 use efficiency from seedling to heading stage , and C4 pathway enzyme activities in both flag leaves and lemma were compared between two newly developed super-rice hybrids ( Oryza sativa L ) , Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 , and a traditional rice hybrid , Shanyou 63 . At seedling and tillering stages , Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 had higher net photosynthetic rates ( Pn ) and light saturated assimilation rates ( Asat ) than did Shanyou 63 , at both normal ( 360 micromol mol ( -1 ) ) and doubled ( 720 micromol mol ( -1 ) ) CO2 concentrations . At the heading stage , the flag leaves of all three rice hybrids had similar Pn and Asat . However , the two super-rice hybrids had higher apparent quantum yield ( AQY ) and carboxylation efficiency ( CE ) during all three typical developmental stages , and higher quantum yield of CO2 fixation ( PhiCO2 ) at the tillering and heading stages . In addition , Liangyoupeijiu showed significantly higher activities of the C ( 4 ) pathway enzymes in both flag leaves and lemmas than did Shanyou 63 . As a result , flag leaves of the two super-rice hybrids had higher Pn at morning , noontime and late afternoon during the daily cycle .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Characteristics of photosynthetic light and CO2 use efficiency from seedling to heading stage , and C4 pathway enzyme activities in both flag leaves and lemma were compared between two newly developed super-rice hybrids ( Oryza sativa L ) , Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 , and a traditional rice hybrid , Shanyou 63 . At seedling and tillering stages , Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 had higher net photosynthetic rates ( Pn ) and light saturated assimilation rates ( Asat ) than did Shanyou 63 , at both normal ( 360 micromol mol ( -1 ) ) and doubled ( 720 micromol mol ( -1 ) ) CO2 concentrations . At the heading stage , the flag leaves of all three rice hybrids had similar Pn and Asat . However , the two super-rice hybrids had higher apparent quantum yield ( AQY ) and carboxylation efficiency ( CE ) during all three typical developmental stages , and higher quantum yield of CO2 fixation ( PhiCO2 ) at the tillering and heading stages . In addition , Liangyoupeijiu showed significantly higher activities of the C ( 4 ) pathway enzymes in both flag leaves and lemmas than did Shanyou 63 . As a result , flag leaves of the two super-rice hybrids had higher Pn at morning , noontime and late afternoon during the daily cycle . Since most of the grain yield of rice comes from the photosynthesis of flag leaves , the similar Asat and much higher AQY , CE and PhiCO2 at heading stage of the two super-rice hybrids indicates that higher photosynthetic efficiency rather than higher photosynthetic capacity may be the primary factor contributing to their higher grain yields .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: At seedling and tillering stages , Liangyoupeijiu and Hua-an 3 had higher net photosynthetic rates ( Pn ) and light saturated assimilation rates ( Asat ) than did Shanyou 63 , at both normal ( 360 micromol mol ( -1 ) ) and doubled ( 720 micromol mol ( -1 ) ) CO2 concentrations . At the heading stage , the flag leaves of all three rice hybrids had similar Pn and Asat . However , the two super-rice hybrids had higher apparent quantum yield ( AQY ) and carboxylation efficiency ( CE ) during all three typical developmental stages , and higher quantum yield of CO2 fixation ( PhiCO2 ) at the tillering and heading stages . In addition , Liangyoupeijiu showed significantly higher activities of the C ( 4 ) pathway enzymes in both flag leaves and lemmas than did Shanyou 63 . As a result , flag leaves of the two super-rice hybrids had higher Pn at morning , noontime and late afternoon during the daily cycle . Since most of the grain yield of rice comes from the photosynthesis of flag leaves , the similar Asat and much higher AQY , CE and PhiCO2 at heading stage of the two super-rice hybrids indicates that higher photosynthetic efficiency rather than higher photosynthetic capacity may be the primary factor contributing to their higher grain yields .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Pns4 of rice dwarf virus is a phosphoprotein , is localized around the viroplasm matrix , and forms minitubules .
| | Author: Wei T Kikuchi A Suzuki N Shimizu T Hagiwara K Chen H Omura T | | Journal: Arch . Virol . Citation: V : 151 ( 9 ) P : 1701-12 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16609816 Accession (PMID): 16609816 | | Abstract: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) , a member of the family Reoviridae , has a 12-segmented dsRNA genome .
Seven segments , designated S1 , S2 , S3 , S5 , S7 , S8 , and S9 , encode structural proteins , while the remainder encode nonstructural proteins .
One of the nonstructural proteins , Pns4 , which is encoded by S4 , was characterized .
Pns4 was a phosphorylatable substrate in a phosphorylation assay in vivo ; it associated with large cytoplasmic fibrils and formed novel minitubules in infected cultured cells of its leafhopper insect vector , as revealed by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy .
Early in infection , Pns4 was detected at the periphery of the viroplasm , and it was then observed on amorphous or fibrillar inclusions , which were identified as bundles of minitubules , at later stages of infection .
Since viroplasms are believed to be the site of RDV replication , the intracellular location of Pns4 suggests that this protein might be involved in the process of assembly of the RDV virion .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) , a member of the family Reoviridae , has a 12-segmented dsRNA genome . Seven segments , designated S1 , S2 , S3 , S5 , S7 , S8 , and S9 , encode structural proteins , while the remainder encode nonstructural proteins . One of the nonstructural proteins , Pns4 , which is encoded by S4 , was characterized . Pns4 was a phosphorylatable substrate in a phosphorylation assay in vivo ; it associated with large cytoplasmic fibrils and formed novel minitubules in infected cultured cells of its leafhopper insect vector , as revealed by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy . Early in infection , Pns4 was detected at the periphery of the viroplasm , and it was then observed on amorphous or fibrillar inclusions , which were identified as bundles of minitubules , at later stages of infection . Since viroplasms are believed to be the site of RDV replication , the intracellular location of Pns4 suggests that this protein might be involved in the process of assembly of the RDV virion .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) , a member of the family Reoviridae , has a 12-segmented dsRNA genome . Seven segments , designated S1 , S2 , S3 , S5 , S7 , S8 , and S9 , encode structural proteins , while the remainder encode nonstructural proteins . One of the nonstructural proteins , Pns4 , which is encoded by S4 , was characterized . Pns4 was a phosphorylatable substrate in a phosphorylation assay in vivo ; it associated with large cytoplasmic fibrils and formed novel minitubules in infected cultured cells of its leafhopper insect vector , as revealed by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy . Early in infection , Pns4 was detected at the periphery of the viroplasm , and it was then observed on amorphous or fibrillar inclusions , which were identified as bundles of minitubules , at later stages of infection . Since viroplasms are believed to be the site of RDV replication , the intracellular location of Pns4 suggests that this protein might be involved in the process of assembly of the RDV virion .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) , a member of the family Reoviridae , has a 12-segmented dsRNA genome . Seven segments , designated S1 , S2 , S3 , S5 , S7 , S8 , and S9 , encode structural proteins , while the remainder encode nonstructural proteins . One of the nonstructural proteins , Pns4 , which is encoded by S4 , was characterized . Pns4 was a phosphorylatable substrate in a phosphorylation assay in vivo ; it associated with large cytoplasmic fibrils and formed novel minitubules in infected cultured cells of its leafhopper insect vector , as revealed by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy . Early in infection , Pns4 was detected at the periphery of the viroplasm , and it was then observed on amorphous or fibrillar inclusions , which were identified as bundles of minitubules , at later stages of infection . Since viroplasms are believed to be the site of RDV replication , the intracellular location of Pns4 suggests that this protein might be involved in the process of assembly of the RDV virion .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Seven segments , designated S1 , S2 , S3 , S5 , S7 , S8 , and S9 , encode structural proteins , while the remainder encode nonstructural proteins . One of the nonstructural proteins , Pns4 , which is encoded by S4 , was characterized . Pns4 was a phosphorylatable substrate in a phosphorylation assay in vivo ; it associated with large cytoplasmic fibrils and formed novel minitubules in infected cultured cells of its leafhopper insect vector , as revealed by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy . Early in infection , Pns4 was detected at the periphery of the viroplasm , and it was then observed on amorphous or fibrillar inclusions , which were identified as bundles of minitubules , at later stages of infection . Since viroplasms are believed to be the site of RDV replication , the intracellular location of Pns4 suggests that this protein might be involved in the process of assembly of the RDV virion .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Identification of related QTLs at late developmental stage in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) under two nitrogen levels .
| | Author: Tong HH Mei HW Yu XQ Xu XY Li MS Zhang SQ Luo LJ .
| | Journal: Yi Chuan Xue Bao Citation: V : 33 ( 5 ) P : 458-67 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16722341 Accession (PMID): 16722341 | | Abstract: QTL underlying related traits at the late developmental stage under two different nitrogen levels were investigated in rice using a population of chromosome segment substitution lines ( CSSL ) derived from a cross between Teqing and Lemont .
A total of 31 QTLs referring 5 traits , that is , plant height ( PH ) , panicle number per plant ( PN ) , chlorophyll content ( CC ) , shoot dry weight ( SDW ) and grain yield per plant ( YD ) , were detected .
Under normal N level , 3 QTLs were detected for each trait , while under low N level , 5 , 4 , 5 and 2 QTLs were detected for PH , PN , CC and SDW respectively .
Most of the QTLs were located on chromosome 2 , 3 , 7 , 11 and 12 .
QTLs controlling different traits or the same trait under different N levels were mapped on the same or adjacent intervals , forming several clusters in rice chromosomes .
More than two traits were controlled by QTLs on one of four intervals ( RM30-RM439 , RM18-RM478 , RM309-RM270 , and RM235-RM17 ) , suggesting that there were some pleiotropic effects .
It was supposed that some QTLs only detected at low N level might be associated with the ability to tolerate the low N stress in rice . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: QTL underlying related traits at the late developmental stage under two different nitrogen levels were investigated in rice using a population of chromosome segment substitution lines ( CSSL ) derived from a cross between Teqing and Lemont . A total of 31 QTLs referring 5 traits , that is , plant height ( PH ) , panicle number per plant ( PN ) , chlorophyll content ( CC ) , shoot dry weight ( SDW ) and grain yield per plant ( YD ) , were detected . Under normal N level , 3 QTLs were detected for each trait , while under low N level , 5 , 4 , 5 and 2 QTLs were detected for PH , PN , CC and SDW respectively . Most of the QTLs were located on chromosome 2 , 3 , 7 , 11 and 12 . QTLs controlling different traits or the same trait under different N levels were mapped on the same or adjacent intervals , forming several clusters in rice chromosomes . More than two traits were controlled by QTLs on one of four intervals ( RM30-RM439 , RM18-RM478 , RM309-RM270 , and RM235-RM17 ) , suggesting that there were some pleiotropic effects .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: QTL underlying related traits at the late developmental stage under two different nitrogen levels were investigated in rice using a population of chromosome segment substitution lines ( CSSL ) derived from a cross between Teqing and Lemont . A total of 31 QTLs referring 5 traits , that is , plant height ( PH ) , panicle number per plant ( PN ) , chlorophyll content ( CC ) , shoot dry weight ( SDW ) and grain yield per plant ( YD ) , were detected . Under normal N level , 3 QTLs were detected for each trait , while under low N level , 5 , 4 , 5 and 2 QTLs were detected for PH , PN , CC and SDW respectively . Most of the QTLs were located on chromosome 2 , 3 , 7 , 11 and 12 . QTLs controlling different traits or the same trait under different N levels were mapped on the same or adjacent intervals , forming several clusters in rice chromosomes . More than two traits were controlled by QTLs on one of four intervals ( RM30-RM439 , RM18-RM478 , RM309-RM270 , and RM235-RM17 ) , suggesting that there were some pleiotropic effects . It was supposed that some QTLs only detected at low N level might be associated with the ability to tolerate the low N stress in rice .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: [ The inductive activation of the promoter of pib gene ] | | Author: Li CJ Yang SH Wu L Wan JM .
| | Journal: Yi Chuan Citation: V : 28 ( 6 ) P : 689-94 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16818431 Accession (PMID): 16818431 | | Abstract: A 5 . 7 kb putative promoter region of pib gene was isolated from the pib genomic clone and substituted for the 35S promoter upstream of gus gene in plasmid pCAMBIA1301 to construct a new plant expression vector pNAR604 ( putative pib promoter-GUS + 35S-hpt ) .
From Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and hygromycin selective culture in vitro , hygromycin resistant calli and 36 transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants were obtained .
Histochemical assays of GUS activity showed that no expression was observed in the resistant calli and roots from transgenic rice if cultured under light , but after 24 h dark treatment there was strong GUS staining .
Fluorimetric quantitative analysis indicated that GUS expression was organ-specific in transgenic rice .
Without the dark treatment , GUS activity in roots and stems were about 7 and 3 times higher than in leaves in which GUS activity was only trace detected .
After 24 h dark treatment , GUS activity in roots , stems and leaves of transgenic plants were all promoted and the largest increase was observed in leaves .
Twenty-four hours after spraying with 5 mmol/L SA ( Salicylic Acid ) or 0 . 3 mol/L NaCl , GUS activity in leaves of the transgenic plants was 2 . 7 or 3 . 6 times respectively higher than untreated control .
It was confirmed that an inductive promoter was involved in this 5 . 7 kb upstream region of pib gene , and dark , SA and NaCl treatments were inductive factors for pib promoter . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: A 5 . 7 kb putative promoter region of pib gene was isolated from the pib genomic clone and substituted for the 35S promoter upstream of gus gene in plasmid pCAMBIA1301 to construct a new plant expression vector pNAR604 ( putative pib promoter-GUS + 35S-hpt ) . From Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and hygromycin selective culture in vitro , hygromycin resistant calli and 36 transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa L ) plants were obtained . Histochemical assays of GUS activity showed that no expression was observed in the resistant calli and roots from transgenic rice if cultured under light , but after 24 h dark treatment there was strong GUS staining . Fluorimetric quantitative analysis indicated that GUS expression was organ-specific in transgenic rice . Without the dark treatment , GUS activity in roots and stems were about 7 and 3 times higher than in leaves in which GUS activity was only trace detected .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: In vitro bactericidal activities of Japanese rice-fluid against Helicobacter pylori strains .
| | Author: Kawakami Y Oana K Hayama M Ota H Takeuchi M Miyashita K Matsuzawa T Kanaya K | | Journal: Citation: V : 3 ( 3 ) P : 112-6 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16906220 Accession (PMID): 16906220 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Helicobacter pylori has now been widely recognized as a causative agent of gastroduodenal diseases .
The development of safer anti H pylori compounds is desirable due to the antibiotic-resistant strains emerged to date . METHODS : We successfully developed the compounds of Rice-fluid derived from unpolished , polished , and usually cooked Japanese rice , and investigated their in vitro antibacterial activities by means of the Time-Kill-Curve methods against various species of bacteria including H pylori strains . RESULTS : All of the compounds revealed keen bactericidal activities against H pylori , followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Campylobacter jejuni strains , but failed to affect the viability of other bacterial species investigated including staphylococci , enterococci , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and other gram-negative rods belonging to the family Enterobacteraceae .
The bactericidal activities were demonstrated to be time and concentration-dependent . CONCLUSIONS : The compounds of Rice-fluid are considered to be potentially new and safe therapeutic regimens against H pylori infections .
The mechanism of their bactericidal activities against H pylori strains remains to be elucidated .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : Helicobacter pylori has now been widely recognized as a causative agent of gastroduodenal diseases . The development of safer anti H pylori compounds is desirable due to the antibiotic-resistant strains emerged to date . METHODS : We successfully developed the compounds of Rice-fluid derived from unpolished , polished , and usually cooked Japanese rice , and investigated their in vitro antibacterial activities by means of the Time-Kill-Curve methods against various species of bacteria including H pylori strains . RESULTS : All of the compounds revealed keen bactericidal activities against H pylori , followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Campylobacter jejuni strains , but failed to affect the viability of other bacterial species investigated including staphylococci , enterococci , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and other gram-negative rods belonging to the family Enterobacteraceae . The bactericidal activities were demonstrated to be time and concentration-dependent . CONCLUSIONS : The compounds of Rice-fluid are considered to be potentially new and safe therapeutic regimens against H pylori infections . The mechanism of their bactericidal activities against H pylori strains remains to be elucidated .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: The spread of Rice dwarf virus among cells of its insect vector exploits virus-induced tubular structures .
| | Author: Wei T Kikuchi A Moriyasu Y Suzuki N Shimizu T Hagiwara K Chen H Takahashi M Ichiki-Uehara T Omura T | | Journal: J Virol .
Citation: V : 80 ( 17 ) P : 8593-602 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16912308 Accession (PMID): 16912308 | | Abstract: Various cytopathological structures , known as inclusion bodies , are formed upon infection of cultured leafhopper cells by Rice dwarf virus , a member of the family Reoviridae .
These structures include tubules of approximately 85 nm in diameter which are composed of the nonstructural viral protein Pns10 and contain viral particles .
Such tubular structures were produced in heterologous non-host insect cells that expressed Pns10 of the virus .
These tubules , when associated with actin-based filopodia , were able to protrude from the surface of cells and to penetrate neighboring cells .
A binding assay in vitro revealed the specific binding of Pns10 to actin .
Infection of clusters of cells was readily apparent 5 days after inoculation at a low multiplicity of infection with the virus , even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies .
However , treatment of host cells with drugs that inhibited the elongation of actin filaments abolished the extension of Pns10 tubules from the surface of cells , with a significant simultaneous decrease in the extent of infection of neighboring cells .
These results together revealed a previously undescribed aspect of the intercellular spread of Rice dwarf virus , wherein the virus exploits tubules composed of a nonstructural viral protein and actin-based filopodia to move into neighboring cells . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Various cytopathological structures , known as inclusion bodies , are formed upon infection of cultured leafhopper cells by Rice dwarf virus , a member of the family Reoviridae . These structures include tubules of approximately 85 nm in diameter which are composed of the nonstructural viral protein Pns10 and contain viral particles . Such tubular structures were produced in heterologous non-host insect cells that expressed Pns10 of the virus . These tubules , when associated with actin-based filopodia , were able to protrude from the surface of cells and to penetrate neighboring cells . A binding assay in vitro revealed the specific binding of Pns10 to actin . Infection of clusters of cells was readily apparent 5 days after inoculation at a low multiplicity of infection with the virus , even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Various cytopathological structures , known as inclusion bodies , are formed upon infection of cultured leafhopper cells by Rice dwarf virus , a member of the family Reoviridae . These structures include tubules of approximately 85 nm in diameter which are composed of the nonstructural viral protein Pns10 and contain viral particles . Such tubular structures were produced in heterologous non-host insect cells that expressed Pns10 of the virus . These tubules , when associated with actin-based filopodia , were able to protrude from the surface of cells and to penetrate neighboring cells . A binding assay in vitro revealed the specific binding of Pns10 to actin . Infection of clusters of cells was readily apparent 5 days after inoculation at a low multiplicity of infection with the virus , even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies . However , treatment of host cells with drugs that inhibited the elongation of actin filaments abolished the extension of Pns10 tubules from the surface of cells , with a significant simultaneous decrease in the extent of infection of neighboring cells .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Various cytopathological structures , known as inclusion bodies , are formed upon infection of cultured leafhopper cells by Rice dwarf virus , a member of the family Reoviridae . These structures include tubules of approximately 85 nm in diameter which are composed of the nonstructural viral protein Pns10 and contain viral particles . Such tubular structures were produced in heterologous non-host insect cells that expressed Pns10 of the virus . These tubules , when associated with actin-based filopodia , were able to protrude from the surface of cells and to penetrate neighboring cells . A binding assay in vitro revealed the specific binding of Pns10 to actin . Infection of clusters of cells was readily apparent 5 days after inoculation at a low multiplicity of infection with the virus , even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies . However , treatment of host cells with drugs that inhibited the elongation of actin filaments abolished the extension of Pns10 tubules from the surface of cells , with a significant simultaneous decrease in the extent of infection of neighboring cells . These results together revealed a previously undescribed aspect of the intercellular spread of Rice dwarf virus , wherein the virus exploits tubules composed of a nonstructural viral protein and actin-based filopodia to move into neighboring cells .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Such tubular structures were produced in heterologous non-host insect cells that expressed Pns10 of the virus . These tubules , when associated with actin-based filopodia , were able to protrude from the surface of cells and to penetrate neighboring cells . A binding assay in vitro revealed the specific binding of Pns10 to actin . Infection of clusters of cells was readily apparent 5 days after inoculation at a low multiplicity of infection with the virus , even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies . However , treatment of host cells with drugs that inhibited the elongation of actin filaments abolished the extension of Pns10 tubules from the surface of cells , with a significant simultaneous decrease in the extent of infection of neighboring cells . These results together revealed a previously undescribed aspect of the intercellular spread of Rice dwarf virus , wherein the virus exploits tubules composed of a nonstructural viral protein and actin-based filopodia to move into neighboring cells .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: An inventory of N ( 2 ) O emissions from agriculture in China using precipitation-rectified emission factor and background emission .
| | Author: Lu Y Huang Y Zou J Zheng X | | Journal: Chemosphere Citation: V : 65 ( 11 ) P : 1915-24 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub16949128 Accession (PMID): 16949128 | | Abstract: Fertilized agricultural soils are a major anthropogenic source of atmospheric N ( 2 ) O A credible national inventory of agricultural N ( 2 ) O emission would benefit its global strength estimate .
We compiled a worldwide database of N ( 2 ) O emissions from fertilized fields that were consecutively measured for more than or close to one year .
Both nitrogen input ( N ) and precipitation ( P ) were found to be largely responsible for temporal and spatial variabilities in annual N ( 2 ) O fluxes ( N ( 2 ) O-N ) .
Thus , we established an empirical model ( N ( 2 ) O-N=1 . 49 P+0 . 0186 PN ) , in which both emission factor and background emission for N ( 2 ) O were rectified by precipitation .
In this model , annual N ( 2 ) O emission consists of a background emission of 1 . 49 P and a fertilizer-induced emission of 0 . 0186 PN We used this model to develop a spatial inventory at the 10x10km scale of direct N ( 2 ) O emissions from agriculture in China .
N ( 2 ) O emissions from rice paddies were separately quantified using a cropping-specific emission factor .
Annual fertilizer-induced N ( 2 ) O emissions amounted to 198 . 89GgN ( 2 ) O-N in 1997 , consisting of 18 . 50GgN ( 2 ) O-N from rice paddies and 180 . 39GgN ( 2 ) O-N from fertilized uplands .
Annual background emissions and total emissions of N ( 2 ) O from agriculture were estimated to be 92 . 78GgN ( 2 ) O-N and 291 . 67GgN ( 2 ) O-N , respectively .
The annual direct N ( 2 ) O emission accounted for 0 . 92% of the applied N with an uncertainty of 29% .
The highest N ( 2 ) O fluxes occurred in East China as compared with the least fluxes in West China .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Fertilized agricultural soils are a major anthropogenic source of atmospheric N ( 2 ) O A credible national inventory of agricultural N ( 2 ) O emission would benefit its global strength estimate . We compiled a worldwide database of N ( 2 ) O emissions from fertilized fields that were consecutively measured for more than or close to one year . Both nitrogen input ( N ) and precipitation ( P ) were found to be largely responsible for temporal and spatial variabilities in annual N ( 2 ) O fluxes ( N ( 2 ) O-N ) . Thus , we established an empirical model ( N ( 2 ) O-N=1 . 49 P+0 . 0186 PN ) , in which both emission factor and background emission for N ( 2 ) O were rectified by precipitation . In this model , annual N ( 2 ) O emission consists of a background emission of 1 . 49 P and a fertilizer-induced emission of 0 . 0186 PN We used this model to develop a spatial inventory at the 10x10km scale of direct N ( 2 ) O emissions from agriculture in China . N ( 2 ) O emissions from rice paddies were separately quantified using a cropping-specific emission factor . Annual fertilizer-induced N ( 2 ) O emissions amounted to 198 . 89GgN ( 2 ) O-N in 1997 , consisting of 18 . 50GgN ( 2 ) O-N from rice paddies and 180 . 39GgN ( 2 ) O-N from fertilized uplands . Annual background emissions and total emissions of N ( 2 ) O from agriculture were estimated to be 92 . 78GgN ( 2 ) O-N and 291 . 67GgN ( 2 ) O-N , respectively .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Fertilized agricultural soils are a major anthropogenic source of atmospheric N ( 2 ) O A credible national inventory of agricultural N ( 2 ) O emission would benefit its global strength estimate . We compiled a worldwide database of N ( 2 ) O emissions from fertilized fields that were consecutively measured for more than or close to one year . Both nitrogen input ( N ) and precipitation ( P ) were found to be largely responsible for temporal and spatial variabilities in annual N ( 2 ) O fluxes ( N ( 2 ) O-N ) . Thus , we established an empirical model ( N ( 2 ) O-N=1 . 49 P+0 . 0186 PN ) , in which both emission factor and background emission for N ( 2 ) O were rectified by precipitation . In this model , annual N ( 2 ) O emission consists of a background emission of 1 . 49 P and a fertilizer-induced emission of 0 . 0186 PN We used this model to develop a spatial inventory at the 10x10km scale of direct N ( 2 ) O emissions from agriculture in China . N ( 2 ) O emissions from rice paddies were separately quantified using a cropping-specific emission factor . Annual fertilizer-induced N ( 2 ) O emissions amounted to 198 . 89GgN ( 2 ) O-N in 1997 , consisting of 18 . 50GgN ( 2 ) O-N from rice paddies and 180 . 39GgN ( 2 ) O-N from fertilized uplands . Annual background emissions and total emissions of N ( 2 ) O from agriculture were estimated to be 92 . 78GgN ( 2 ) O-N and 291 . 67GgN ( 2 ) O-N , respectively . The annual direct N ( 2 ) O emission accounted for 0 . 92% of the applied N with an uncertainty of 29% .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: [ Responses of rice leaf photosynthetic parameters to light intensity under NaCl stress ] | | Author: Li H Chen W Li Q | | Journal: Citation: V : 17 ( 9 ) P : 1588-92 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17147162 Accession (PMID): 17147162 | | Abstract: With rice varieties salt-tolerant Liaoyan 2 and salt-sensitive Akihikari as test materials , this paper determined their leaf net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , transpiration rate ( Tr ) , stomatal conductivity ( Gs ) , and intercellular CO2 concentration ( Ci ) at different light intensities under long-term NaCl stress .
The results showed that under NaCl stress , the Pn and Gs of the two varieties had an increase tendency with increasing light intensity , but in comparing with no NaCl stress , the Pn of Liaoyan 2 increased by 14 . 87% , while that of Akihikari decreased by 17 . 91% .
The dynamic changes of Ci , Ls and Pn/Gs indicated that stomatal and non-stamatal factors played a positive role in the changes of Liaoyan 2 photosynthesis , while stomatal factor was the main reason inducing the changes of Akihikari photosynthesis .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: With rice varieties salt-tolerant Liaoyan 2 and salt-sensitive Akihikari as test materials , this paper determined their leaf net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , transpiration rate ( Tr ) , stomatal conductivity ( Gs ) , and intercellular CO2 concentration ( Ci ) at different light intensities under long-term NaCl stress . The results showed that under NaCl stress , the Pn and Gs of the two varieties had an increase tendency with increasing light intensity , but in comparing with no NaCl stress , the Pn of Liaoyan 2 increased by 14 . 87% , while that of Akihikari decreased by 17 . 91% . The dynamic changes of Ci , Ls and Pn/Gs indicated that stomatal and non-stamatal factors played a positive role in the changes of Liaoyan 2 photosynthesis , while stomatal factor was the main reason inducing the changes of Akihikari photosynthesis .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: With rice varieties salt-tolerant Liaoyan 2 and salt-sensitive Akihikari as test materials , this paper determined their leaf net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , transpiration rate ( Tr ) , stomatal conductivity ( Gs ) , and intercellular CO2 concentration ( Ci ) at different light intensities under long-term NaCl stress . The results showed that under NaCl stress , the Pn and Gs of the two varieties had an increase tendency with increasing light intensity , but in comparing with no NaCl stress , the Pn of Liaoyan 2 increased by 14 . 87% , while that of Akihikari decreased by 17 . 91% . The dynamic changes of Ci , Ls and Pn/Gs indicated that stomatal and non-stamatal factors played a positive role in the changes of Liaoyan 2 photosynthesis , while stomatal factor was the main reason inducing the changes of Akihikari photosynthesis .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Anti-tumor-initiating effects of monascin , an azaphilonoid pigment from the extract of Monascus pilosus fermented rice ( red-mold rice ) .
| | Author: Akihisa T Tokuda H Ukiya M Kiyota A Yasukawa K Sakamoto N Kimura Y Suzuki T Takayasu J Nishino H | | Journal: Chem . Biodivers . Citation: V : 2 ( 10 ) P : 1305-9 Year: 2005 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17191930 Accession (PMID): 17191930 | | Abstract: Monascin ( 1 ) constitutes one of the azaphilonoid pigments in the extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice ( red-mold rice ) .
Compound 1 was evaluated for its anti-tumor-initiating activity via oral administration on the two-stage carcinogenesis of mouse skin tumor induced by peroxynitrite ( ONOO- ; PN ) or by ultraviolet light B ( UVB ) as an initiator and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( TPA ) as a promoter .
Compound 1 exhibited marked inhibitory activity on both PN and UVB-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis tests .
These findings suggest that compound 1 may be valuable as potential cancer chemopreventive agent in chemical and environmental carcinogenesis .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Monascin ( 1 ) constitutes one of the azaphilonoid pigments in the extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice ( red-mold rice ) . Compound 1 was evaluated for its anti-tumor-initiating activity via oral administration on the two-stage carcinogenesis of mouse skin tumor induced by peroxynitrite ( ONOO- ; PN ) or by ultraviolet light B ( UVB ) as an initiator and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( TPA ) as a promoter . Compound 1 exhibited marked inhibitory activity on both PN and UVB-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis tests . These findings suggest that compound 1 may be valuable as potential cancer chemopreventive agent in chemical and environmental carcinogenesis .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Monascin ( 1 ) constitutes one of the azaphilonoid pigments in the extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice ( red-mold rice ) . Compound 1 was evaluated for its anti-tumor-initiating activity via oral administration on the two-stage carcinogenesis of mouse skin tumor induced by peroxynitrite ( ONOO- ; PN ) or by ultraviolet light B ( UVB ) as an initiator and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate ( TPA ) as a promoter . Compound 1 exhibited marked inhibitory activity on both PN and UVB-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis tests . These findings suggest that compound 1 may be valuable as potential cancer chemopreventive agent in chemical and environmental carcinogenesis .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: A new principle photosynthesis capacity biosensor based on quantitative measurement of delayed fluorescence in vivo .
| | Author: Wang J Xing D Zhang L Jia L | | Journal: Citation: V : ( ) P : Year: 2007 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17229566 Accession (PMID): 17229566 | | Abstract: Delayed fluorescence ( DF ) is an excellent marker for evaluating plant photosynthesis .
Compared with common methods for measuring the photosynthesis rate based on consumption of CO ( 2 ) , DF technique can quantify the plant photosynthesis capacity more accurately and faster under its physiological status with less interference from the environment .
We previously reported a method for measuring photosynthesis using DF of chloroplast [ Wang , CL , Xing , D , Chen , Q , 2004 .
Biosens . Bioelectron . 20 , 454-459 ] .
In the study , a novel fast and portable photosynthesis capacity biosensor system was developed , which was composed of light-emitting diode lattice as excitation light source , Channel Photomultiplier DC-Module to achieve DF , single-chip microcomputer as control center , hermetic dark sample chamber , battery power supply and CO ( 2 ) , humidity and temperature controller .
Compared with our previous work , the system was portable and can directly measure plant photosynthesis capacity in vivo in less than 10s .
A database in the software to carry out data acquisition and processing was developed to translate maximal DF intensity to net photosynthesis rate ( Pn ) .
In addition , local-control and remote-control mode can be chosen in the system .
To demonstrate the utility of the system , it was applied to evaluate maximum Pn of four different plant species samples ( Queen Rape Myrtle ( var . rubra ) , soybean ( Lu Hei No 1 ) , maize ( Jin Dan No 39 ) and rice ( Jing Dao No 21 ) ) in field .
The results were compared with that using commercial photosynthesis system LI-6400 and the uncertainty was less than +/-5% .
The new principle of photosynthesis measurement is a challenge and breakthrough to conventional method of gas exchange and may be a potential technique of next generation photosynthesis measurement .
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[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: We previously reported a method for measuring photosynthesis using DF of chloroplast [ Wang , CL , Xing , D , Chen , Q , 2004 . Biosens . Bioelectron . 20 , 454-459 ] . In the study , a novel fast and portable photosynthesis capacity biosensor system was developed , which was composed of light-emitting diode lattice as excitation light source , Channel Photomultiplier DC-Module to achieve DF , single-chip microcomputer as control center , hermetic dark sample chamber , battery power supply and CO ( 2 ) , humidity and temperature controller . Compared with our previous work , the system was portable and can directly measure plant photosynthesis capacity in vivo in less than 10s . A database in the software to carry out data acquisition and processing was developed to translate maximal DF intensity to net photosynthesis rate ( Pn ) . In addition , local-control and remote-control mode can be chosen in the system . To demonstrate the utility of the system , it was applied to evaluate maximum Pn of four different plant species samples ( Queen Rape Myrtle ( var . rubra ) , soybean ( Lu Hei No 1 ) , maize ( Jin Dan No 39 ) and rice ( Jing Dao No 21 ) ) in field . The results were compared with that using commercial photosynthesis system LI-6400 and the uncertainty was less than +/-5% . The new principle of photosynthesis measurement is a challenge and breakthrough to conventional method of gas exchange and may be a potential technique of next generation photosynthesis measurement .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: In the study , a novel fast and portable photosynthesis capacity biosensor system was developed , which was composed of light-emitting diode lattice as excitation light source , Channel Photomultiplier DC-Module to achieve DF , single-chip microcomputer as control center , hermetic dark sample chamber , battery power supply and CO ( 2 ) , humidity and temperature controller . Compared with our previous work , the system was portable and can directly measure plant photosynthesis capacity in vivo in less than 10s . A database in the software to carry out data acquisition and processing was developed to translate maximal DF intensity to net photosynthesis rate ( Pn ) . In addition , local-control and remote-control mode can be chosen in the system . To demonstrate the utility of the system , it was applied to evaluate maximum Pn of four different plant species samples ( Queen Rape Myrtle ( var . rubra ) , soybean ( Lu Hei No 1 ) , maize ( Jin Dan No 39 ) and rice ( Jing Dao No 21 ) ) in field . The results were compared with that using commercial photosynthesis system LI-6400 and the uncertainty was less than +/-5% . The new principle of photosynthesis measurement is a challenge and breakthrough to conventional method of gas exchange and may be a potential technique of next generation photosynthesis measurement .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Purification and characterization of cellulase produced by Bacillus amyoliquefaciens DL-3 utilizing rice hull .
| | Author: Lee YJ Kim BK Lee BH Jo KI Lee NK Chung CH Lee YC Lee JW | | Journal: Bioresour Technol Citation: V : 99 P : 378-86 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17320379 Accession (PMID): 17320379 | | Abstract: A microorganism hydrolyzing rice hull was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by analysis of 16S rDNA and partial sequences of the gyrA gene , and named as B amyloliquefaciens DL-3 .
With the analysis of SDS-PAGE , the molecular weight of the purified cellulase was estimated to be 54kDa .
The purified cellulase hydrolyzed avicel , caboxymethylcellulose ( CMC ) , cellobiose , beta-glucan and xylan , but not p-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( PNPG ) .
Optimum temperature and pH for the CMCase activity of the purified cellulase were found to be 50 degrees C and pH 7 . 0 , respectively .
The CMCase activity was inhibited by some metal ions , N-bromosuccinimide and EDTA in the order of Hg ( 2+ ) >EDTA>Mn ( 2+ ) >N-bromosuccinimide>Ni ( 2+ ) >Pb ( 2+ ) >Sr ( 2+ ) >Co ( 2+ ) >K ( + ) .
The open reading frame of the cellulase from B amyloliquefaciens DL-3 was found to encode a protein of 499 amino acids .
The deduced amino acid sequence of the cellulase from B amyloliquefaciens DL-3 showed high identity to cellulases from other Bacillus species , a modular structure containing a catalytic domain of the glycoside hydrolase family 5 ( GH5 ) , and a cellulose-binding module type 3 ( CBM3 ) .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: A microorganism hydrolyzing rice hull was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by analysis of 16S rDNA and partial sequences of the gyrA gene , and named as B amyloliquefaciens DL-3 . With the analysis of SDS-PAGE , the molecular weight of the purified cellulase was estimated to be 54kDa . The purified cellulase hydrolyzed avicel , caboxymethylcellulose ( CMC ) , cellobiose , beta-glucan and xylan , but not p-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( PNPG ) . Optimum temperature and pH for the CMCase activity of the purified cellulase were found to be 50 degrees C and pH 7 . 0 , respectively . The CMCase activity was inhibited by some metal ions , N-bromosuccinimide and EDTA in the order of Hg ( 2+ ) >EDTA>Mn ( 2+ ) >N-bromosuccinimide>Ni ( 2+ ) >Pb ( 2+ ) >Sr ( 2+ ) >Co ( 2+ ) >K ( + ) . The open reading frame of the cellulase from B amyloliquefaciens DL-3 was found to encode a protein of 499 amino acids . The deduced amino acid sequence of the cellulase from B amyloliquefaciens DL-3 showed high identity to cellulases from other Bacillus species , a modular structure containing a catalytic domain of the glycoside hydrolase family 5 ( GH5 ) , and a cellulose-binding module type 3 ( CBM3 ) .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Enzymatic synthesis of cello-oligosaccharides by rice BGlu1 { beta } -glucosidase glycosynthase mutants .
| | Author: Hommalai G Withers SG Chuenchor W Cairns JR Svasti J | | Journal: Citation: V : ( ) P : Year: 2007 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17405771 Accession (PMID): 17405771 | | Abstract: Rice ( BGlu1 ) beta-glucosidase is a glycosyl hydrolase family 1 enzyme that acts as an exoglucanase on beta- ( 1 , 4 ) - and short beta- ( 1 , 3 ) -linked gluco-oligosaccharides .
Mutations of BGlu1 beta-glucosidase at glutamate residue 414 of its natural precursor destroyed the enzymes catalytic activity , but the enzyme could be rescued in the presence of the anionic nucleophiles formate and azide , which verifies that this residue is the catalytic nucleophile .
The catalytic activities of three candidate mutants , E414G , E414S , and E414A , in the presence of the nucleophiles were compared .
The E414G mutant had approximately 25 and 1400-fold higher catalytic efficiency than E414A and E414S , respectively .
All three mutants could catalyze the synthesis of mixed length oligosaccharides by transglucosylation , when alpha-glucosyl fluoride was used as donor and pNP-cellobioside as acceptor .
The E414G mutant gave the fastest transglucosylation rate , which was approximately 3 and 19 fold faster than E414S and E414A , respectively , and gave yields of up to 70-80 % insoluble products with a donor : acceptor ratio of 5 : 1 .
( 13 ) C-NMR , methylation analysis and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry showed that the insoluble products were beta- ( 1 , 4 ) -linked oligomers with a degree of polymerization ( DP ) of 5 to at least 11 .
The BGlu1 E414G glycosynthase was found to prefer longer chain length oligosaccharides that occupy at least three sugar residue binding subsites as acceptors for productive transglucosylation .
This is the first report of a beta-glucansynthase derived from an exoglycosidase that can produce long chain cello-oligosaccharides , which likely reflects the extended oligosaccharide binding site of rice BGlu1 beta-glucosidase .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice ( BGlu1 ) beta-glucosidase is a glycosyl hydrolase family 1 enzyme that acts as an exoglucanase on beta- ( 1 , 4 ) - and short beta- ( 1 , 3 ) -linked gluco-oligosaccharides . Mutations of BGlu1 beta-glucosidase at glutamate residue 414 of its natural precursor destroyed the enzymes catalytic activity , but the enzyme could be rescued in the presence of the anionic nucleophiles formate and azide , which verifies that this residue is the catalytic nucleophile . The catalytic activities of three candidate mutants , E414G , E414S , and E414A , in the presence of the nucleophiles were compared . The E414G mutant had approximately 25 and 1400-fold higher catalytic efficiency than E414A and E414S , respectively . All three mutants could catalyze the synthesis of mixed length oligosaccharides by transglucosylation , when alpha-glucosyl fluoride was used as donor and pNP-cellobioside as acceptor . The E414G mutant gave the fastest transglucosylation rate , which was approximately 3 and 19 fold faster than E414S and E414A , respectively , and gave yields of up to 70-80 % insoluble products with a donor : acceptor ratio of 5 : 1 . ( 13 ) C-NMR , methylation analysis and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry showed that the insoluble products were beta- ( 1 , 4 ) -linked oligomers with a degree of polymerization ( DP ) of 5 to at least 11 . The BGlu1 E414G glycosynthase was found to prefer longer chain length oligosaccharides that occupy at least three sugar residue binding subsites as acceptors for productive transglucosylation . This is the first report of a beta-glucansynthase derived from an exoglycosidase that can produce long chain cello-oligosaccharides , which likely reflects the extended oligosaccharide binding site of rice BGlu1 beta-glucosidase .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Molecular analysis of the genome segments S1 , S4 , S6 , S7 and S12 of a Rice gall dwarf virus isolate from Thailand ; completion of the genomic sequence .
| | Author: Moriyasu Y Maruyama-Funatsuki W Kikuchi A Ichimi K Zhong B Yan J Zhu Y Suga H Watanabe Y Ichiki-Uehara T Shimizu T Hagiwara K Kamiunten H Akutsu K Omura T | | Journal: Citation: V : ( ) P : Year: 2007 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17426918 Accession (PMID): 17426918 | | Abstract: The complete nucleotide sequences of the double-stranded RNA segments S1 , S4 , S6 , S7 and S12 of the genome of a Rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) isolate from Thailand were determined .
The segments consisted of 4505 , 2622 , 1648 , 1652 and 853 nucleotides , encoding putative proteins of 1458 , 725 , 489 , 511 and 206 amino acids with molecular masses of approximately 166 , 80 , 53 , 59 and 24 kDa , respectively .
Homology searches indicated that each of the putative proteins has a counterpart in isolates of Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) and Wound tumor virus , two other species in the genus Phytoreovirus .
However , no similarities were found to other registered sequences , including those of other viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae .
The identities between homologous structural proteins of RGDV and RDV ranged from 34 to 51% and were thus higher than those between homologous non-structural proteins of RGDV and RDV ( 16-37% ) .
Among the nonstructural proteins , the highest amino acid sequence identity ( 37% ) was observed for RGDV Pns11 and RDV Pns10 , a constituent of tubular inclusions .
This observation suggests that a specific amino acid backbone might be required for maintaining not only the three-dimensional structure of virions but also that of inclusions .
The entire sequence of the RGDV genome is now available .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: The segments consisted of 4505 , 2622 , 1648 , 1652 and 853 nucleotides , encoding putative proteins of 1458 , 725 , 489 , 511 and 206 amino acids with molecular masses of approximately 166 , 80 , 53 , 59 and 24 kDa , respectively . Homology searches indicated that each of the putative proteins has a counterpart in isolates of Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) and Wound tumor virus , two other species in the genus Phytoreovirus . However , no similarities were found to other registered sequences , including those of other viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae . The identities between homologous structural proteins of RGDV and RDV ranged from 34 to 51% and were thus higher than those between homologous non-structural proteins of RGDV and RDV ( 16-37% ) . Among the nonstructural proteins , the highest amino acid sequence identity ( 37% ) was observed for RGDV Pns11 and RDV Pns10 , a constituent of tubular inclusions . This observation suggests that a specific amino acid backbone might be required for maintaining not only the three-dimensional structure of virions but also that of inclusions . The entire sequence of the RGDV genome is now available .
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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: Responses of Rice Cultivars with Different Nitrogen Use Efficiency to Partial Nitrate Nutrition .
| | Author: Duan YH Zhang YL Ye LT Fan XR Xu GH Shen QR .
| | Journal: Citation: V : ( ) P : Year: 2007 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17428833 Accession (PMID): 17428833 | | Abstract: Background and Aims There is increased evidence that partial nitrate ( NO ( 3 ) ( - ) ) nutrition ( PNN ) improves growth of rice ( Oryza sativa ) , although the crop prefers ammonium ( NH ( 4 ) ( + ) ) to NO ( 3 ) ( - ) nutrition .
It is not known whether the response to NO ( 3 ) ( - ) supply is related to nitrogen ( N ) use efficiency ( NUE ) in rice cultivars .
Methods Solution culture experiments were carried out to study the response of two rice cultivars , Nanguang ( High-NUE ) and Elio ( Low-NUE ) , to partial NO ( 3 ) ( - ) supply in terms of dry weight , N accumulation , grain yield , NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake and ammonium transporter expression [ real-time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) ] .
Key Results A ratio of 75/25 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N increased dry weight , N accumulation and grain yield of Nanguang by 30 , 36 and 21 % , respectively , but no effect was found in Elio when compared with those of 100/0 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N Uptake experiments with ( 15 ) N-NH ( 4 ) ( + ) showed that NO ( 3 ) ( - ) increased NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake efficiency in Nanguang by increasing V ( max ) ( 14 % ) , but there was no effect on K ( m ) .
This indicated that partial replacement of NH ( 4 ) ( + ) by NO ( 3 ) ( - ) could increase the number of the ammonium transporters but did not affect the affinity of the transporters for NH ( 4 ) ( + ) .
Real-time PCR showed that expression of OsAMT1s in Nanguang was improved by PNN , while that in Elio did not change , which is in accordance with the differing responses of these two cultivars to PNN .
Conclusions Increased NUE by PNN can be attributed to improved N uptake .
The rice cultivar with a higher NUE has a more positive response to PNN than that with a low NUE , suggesting that there might be a relationship between PNN and NUE .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: It is not known whether the response to NO ( 3 ) ( - ) supply is related to nitrogen ( N ) use efficiency ( NUE ) in rice cultivars . Methods Solution culture experiments were carried out to study the response of two rice cultivars , Nanguang ( High-NUE ) and Elio ( Low-NUE ) , to partial NO ( 3 ) ( - ) supply in terms of dry weight , N accumulation , grain yield , NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake and ammonium transporter expression [ real-time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) ] . Key Results A ratio of 75/25 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N increased dry weight , N accumulation and grain yield of Nanguang by 30 , 36 and 21 % , respectively , but no effect was found in Elio when compared with those of 100/0 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N Uptake experiments with ( 15 ) N-NH ( 4 ) ( + ) showed that NO ( 3 ) ( - ) increased NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake efficiency in Nanguang by increasing V ( max ) ( 14 % ) , but there was no effect on K ( m ) . This indicated that partial replacement of NH ( 4 ) ( + ) by NO ( 3 ) ( - ) could increase the number of the ammonium transporters but did not affect the affinity of the transporters for NH ( 4 ) ( + ) . Real-time PCR showed that expression of OsAMT1s in Nanguang was improved by PNN , while that in Elio did not change , which is in accordance with the differing responses of these two cultivars to PNN . Conclusions Increased NUE by PNN can be attributed to improved N uptake . The rice cultivar with a higher NUE has a more positive response to PNN than that with a low NUE , suggesting that there might be a relationship between PNN and NUE .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: Key Results A ratio of 75/25 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N increased dry weight , N accumulation and grain yield of Nanguang by 30 , 36 and 21 % , respectively , but no effect was found in Elio when compared with those of 100/0 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N Uptake experiments with ( 15 ) N-NH ( 4 ) ( + ) showed that NO ( 3 ) ( - ) increased NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake efficiency in Nanguang by increasing V ( max ) ( 14 % ) , but there was no effect on K ( m ) . This indicated that partial replacement of NH ( 4 ) ( + ) by NO ( 3 ) ( - ) could increase the number of the ammonium transporters but did not affect the affinity of the transporters for NH ( 4 ) ( + ) . Real-time PCR showed that expression of OsAMT1s in Nanguang was improved by PNN , while that in Elio did not change , which is in accordance with the differing responses of these two cultivars to PNN . Conclusions Increased NUE by PNN can be attributed to improved N uptake . The rice cultivar with a higher NUE has a more positive response to PNN than that with a low NUE , suggesting that there might be a relationship between PNN and NUE .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Background and Aims There is increased evidence that partial nitrate ( NO ( 3 ) ( - ) ) nutrition ( PNN ) improves growth of rice ( Oryza sativa ) , although the crop prefers ammonium ( NH ( 4 ) ( + ) ) to NO ( 3 ) ( - ) nutrition . It is not known whether the response to NO ( 3 ) ( - ) supply is related to nitrogen ( N ) use efficiency ( NUE ) in rice cultivars . Methods Solution culture experiments were carried out to study the response of two rice cultivars , Nanguang ( High-NUE ) and Elio ( Low-NUE ) , to partial NO ( 3 ) ( - ) supply in terms of dry weight , N accumulation , grain yield , NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake and ammonium transporter expression [ real-time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) ] . Key Results A ratio of 75/25 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N increased dry weight , N accumulation and grain yield of Nanguang by 30 , 36 and 21 % , respectively , but no effect was found in Elio when compared with those of 100/0 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N Uptake experiments with ( 15 ) N-NH ( 4 ) ( + ) showed that NO ( 3 ) ( - ) increased NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake efficiency in Nanguang by increasing V ( max ) ( 14 % ) , but there was no effect on K ( m ) . This indicated that partial replacement of NH ( 4 ) ( + ) by NO ( 3 ) ( - ) could increase the number of the ammonium transporters but did not affect the affinity of the transporters for NH ( 4 ) ( + ) .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Methods Solution culture experiments were carried out to study the response of two rice cultivars , Nanguang ( High-NUE ) and Elio ( Low-NUE ) , to partial NO ( 3 ) ( - ) supply in terms of dry weight , N accumulation , grain yield , NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake and ammonium transporter expression [ real-time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) ] . Key Results A ratio of 75/25 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N increased dry weight , N accumulation and grain yield of Nanguang by 30 , 36 and 21 % , respectively , but no effect was found in Elio when compared with those of 100/0 NH ( 4 ) ( + ) -N/NO ( 3 ) ( - ) -N Uptake experiments with ( 15 ) N-NH ( 4 ) ( + ) showed that NO ( 3 ) ( - ) increased NH ( 4 ) ( + ) uptake efficiency in Nanguang by increasing V ( max ) ( 14 % ) , but there was no effect on K ( m ) . This indicated that partial replacement of NH ( 4 ) ( + ) by NO ( 3 ) ( - ) could increase the number of the ammonium transporters but did not affect the affinity of the transporters for NH ( 4 ) ( + ) . Real-time PCR showed that expression of OsAMT1s in Nanguang was improved by PNN , while that in Elio did not change , which is in accordance with the differing responses of these two cultivars to PNN . Conclusions Increased NUE by PNN can be attributed to improved N uptake . The rice cultivar with a higher NUE has a more positive response to PNN than that with a low NUE , suggesting that there might be a relationship between PNN and NUE .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: An evaluation of prognostic factors and tumor staging of resected carcinoma of the esophagus .
| | Author: Wijnhoven BP Tran KT Esterman A Watson DI Tilanus HW | | Journal: Ann Surg Citation: V : 245 P : 717-25 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17457164 Accession (PMID): 17457164 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : To evaluate prognostic factors and tumor staging in patients after esophagectomy for cancer .
SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA : Several reports have questioned the appropriateness of the sixth edition of the International Union Against Cancer ( UICC ) TNM guidelines for staging esophageal cancer .
Additional pathologic characteristics , besides the 3 basic facets of anatomic spread ( tumor , node , metastases ) , might also have prognostic value .
METHODS : All patients who underwent resection of the esophagus for carcinoma between January 1995 and March 2003 were extracted from a prospective database .
Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for survival The goodness of fit and accuracy of 3 staging models ( UICC-TNM , Korst classification , Rice classification ) predicting survival were assessed .
RESULTS : A total of 292 patients ( mean age , 63 years ) underwent esophagectomy .
The 5-year overall survival rate was 29% ( median , 21 months ) . pT- , pN- , pm-stage , and radicality of the resection were independent prognostic factors .
Subdivision of T1 tumors into mucosal and submucosal showed significant differences in 5-year survival between both groups : 90% versus 47% , respectively ( P = 0 . 01 ) .
Subdivision of pN-stage into 3 groups based on the number of positive nodes ( 0 , 1-2 , and >3 nodes positive ) or the lymph node ratio ( 0 , 0 . 01-0 . 2 , and >0 . 2 ) also refined staging ( P = 0 . 001 and P < 0 . 001 , respectively ) .
The current subclassification of M1 ( M1a and M1b ) is not warranted ( P = 0 . 41 ) .
The staging model of Rice was more accurate than the UICC-TNM classification in predicting survival CONCLUSION : This study supports the view that the current ( 6th edition ) UICC-TNM staging model for esophageal cancer needs to be revised .
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[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Additional pathologic characteristics , besides the 3 basic facets of anatomic spread ( tumor , node , metastases ) , might also have prognostic value . METHODS : All patients who underwent resection of the esophagus for carcinoma between January 1995 and March 2003 were extracted from a prospective database . Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for survival The goodness of fit and accuracy of 3 staging models ( UICC-TNM , Korst classification , Rice classification ) predicting survival were assessed . RESULTS : A total of 292 patients ( mean age , 63 years ) underwent esophagectomy . The 5-year overall survival rate was 29% ( median , 21 months ) . pT- , pN- , pm-stage , and radicality of the resection were independent prognostic factors . Subdivision of T1 tumors into mucosal and submucosal showed significant differences in 5-year survival between both groups : 90% versus 47% , respectively ( P = 0 . 01 ) . Subdivision of pN-stage into 3 groups based on the number of positive nodes ( 0 , 1-2 , and >3 nodes positive ) or the lymph node ratio ( 0 , 0 . 01-0 . 2 , and >0 . 2 ) also refined staging ( P = 0 . 001 and P < 0 . 001 , respectively ) . The current subclassification of M1 ( M1a and M1b ) is not warranted ( P = 0 . 41 ) . The staging model of Rice was more accurate than the UICC-TNM classification in predicting survival CONCLUSION : This study supports the view that the current ( 6th edition ) UICC-TNM staging model for esophageal cancer needs to be revised .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for survival The goodness of fit and accuracy of 3 staging models ( UICC-TNM , Korst classification , Rice classification ) predicting survival were assessed . RESULTS : A total of 292 patients ( mean age , 63 years ) underwent esophagectomy . The 5-year overall survival rate was 29% ( median , 21 months ) . pT- , pN- , pm-stage , and radicality of the resection were independent prognostic factors . Subdivision of T1 tumors into mucosal and submucosal showed significant differences in 5-year survival between both groups : 90% versus 47% , respectively ( P = 0 . 01 ) . Subdivision of pN-stage into 3 groups based on the number of positive nodes ( 0 , 1-2 , and >3 nodes positive ) or the lymph node ratio ( 0 , 0 . 01-0 . 2 , and >0 . 2 ) also refined staging ( P = 0 . 001 and P < 0 . 001 , respectively ) . The current subclassification of M1 ( M1a and M1b ) is not warranted ( P = 0 . 41 ) . The staging model of Rice was more accurate than the UICC-TNM classification in predicting survival CONCLUSION : This study supports the view that the current ( 6th edition ) UICC-TNM staging model for esophageal cancer needs to be revised .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Identification of QTLs associated with physiological nitrogen use efficiency in rice .
| | Author: Cho YI Jiang W Chin JH Piao Z Cho YG McCouch S Koh HJ | | Journal: Mol Cells Citation: V : 23 P : Sep-72 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17464214 Accession (PMID): 17464214 | | Abstract: Demand for low-input sustainable crop cultivation is increasing to meet the need for environment-friendly agriculture .
Consequently , developing genotypes with high nutrient use efficiency is one of the major objectives of crop breeding programs .
This study was conducted to identify QTLs for traits associated with physiological nitrogen use efficiency ( PNUE ) .
A recombinant inbred population ( DT-RILs ) between Dasanbyeo ( a tongil type rice , derived from an indica x japonica cross and similar to indica in its genetic make-up ) and TR22183 ( a Chinese japonica variety ) consisting of 166 F8 lines was developed and used for mapping .
A frame map of 1 , 409 cM containing 113 SSR and 103 STS markers with an average interval of 6 . 5 cM between adjacent marker loci was constructed using the DT-RILs .
The RILs were cultivated in ordinary-N ( N-P2O5-K2O = 100-80-80 kg/ha ) and low-N ( N-P2O5-K2O= 50-80-80 kg/ha ) ( 100 kg/ha ) conditions .
PNUE was positively correlated with the harvest index and grain yield in both conditions .
Twenty single QTLs ( S-QTLs ) and 58 pairs of epistatic loci ( E-QTLs ) were identified for the nitrogen concentration of grain , nitrogen concentration of straw , nitrogen content of shoot , harvest index , grain yield , straw yield and PNUE in both conditions .
The phenotypic variance explained by these S-QTLs and E-QTLs ranged from 11 . 1 to 44 . 3% and from 16 . 0% to 63 . 6% , respectively .
The total phenotypic variance explained by all the QTLs for each trait ranged from 35 . 8% to 71 . 3% , showing that the expression of PNUE and related characters depends significantly upon genetic factors .
Both S-QTLs and E-QTLs may be useful for marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) to develop higher PNUE genotypes .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Demand for low-input sustainable crop cultivation is increasing to meet the need for environment-friendly agriculture . Consequently , developing genotypes with high nutrient use efficiency is one of the major objectives of crop breeding programs . This study was conducted to identify QTLs for traits associated with physiological nitrogen use efficiency ( PNUE ) . A recombinant inbred population ( DT-RILs ) between Dasanbyeo ( a tongil type rice , derived from an indica x japonica cross and similar to indica in its genetic make-up ) and TR22183 ( a Chinese japonica variety ) consisting of 166 F8 lines was developed and used for mapping . A frame map of 1 , 409 cM containing 113 SSR and 103 STS markers with an average interval of 6 . 5 cM between adjacent marker loci was constructed using the DT-RILs . The RILs were cultivated in ordinary-N ( N-P2O5-K2O = 100-80-80 kg/ha ) and low-N ( N-P2O5-K2O= 50-80-80 kg/ha ) ( 100 kg/ha ) conditions . PNUE was positively correlated with the harvest index and grain yield in both conditions .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: This study was conducted to identify QTLs for traits associated with physiological nitrogen use efficiency ( PNUE ) . A recombinant inbred population ( DT-RILs ) between Dasanbyeo ( a tongil type rice , derived from an indica x japonica cross and similar to indica in its genetic make-up ) and TR22183 ( a Chinese japonica variety ) consisting of 166 F8 lines was developed and used for mapping . A frame map of 1 , 409 cM containing 113 SSR and 103 STS markers with an average interval of 6 . 5 cM between adjacent marker loci was constructed using the DT-RILs . The RILs were cultivated in ordinary-N ( N-P2O5-K2O = 100-80-80 kg/ha ) and low-N ( N-P2O5-K2O= 50-80-80 kg/ha ) ( 100 kg/ha ) conditions . PNUE was positively correlated with the harvest index and grain yield in both conditions . Twenty single QTLs ( S-QTLs ) and 58 pairs of epistatic loci ( E-QTLs ) were identified for the nitrogen concentration of grain , nitrogen concentration of straw , nitrogen content of shoot , harvest index , grain yield , straw yield and PNUE in both conditions . The phenotypic variance explained by these S-QTLs and E-QTLs ranged from 11 . 1 to 44 . 3% and from 16 . 0% to 63 . 6% , respectively . The total phenotypic variance explained by all the QTLs for each trait ranged from 35 . 8% to 71 . 3% , showing that the expression of PNUE and related characters depends significantly upon genetic factors . Both S-QTLs and E-QTLs may be useful for marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) to develop higher PNUE genotypes .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: A recombinant inbred population ( DT-RILs ) between Dasanbyeo ( a tongil type rice , derived from an indica x japonica cross and similar to indica in its genetic make-up ) and TR22183 ( a Chinese japonica variety ) consisting of 166 F8 lines was developed and used for mapping . A frame map of 1 , 409 cM containing 113 SSR and 103 STS markers with an average interval of 6 . 5 cM between adjacent marker loci was constructed using the DT-RILs . The RILs were cultivated in ordinary-N ( N-P2O5-K2O = 100-80-80 kg/ha ) and low-N ( N-P2O5-K2O= 50-80-80 kg/ha ) ( 100 kg/ha ) conditions . PNUE was positively correlated with the harvest index and grain yield in both conditions . Twenty single QTLs ( S-QTLs ) and 58 pairs of epistatic loci ( E-QTLs ) were identified for the nitrogen concentration of grain , nitrogen concentration of straw , nitrogen content of shoot , harvest index , grain yield , straw yield and PNUE in both conditions . The phenotypic variance explained by these S-QTLs and E-QTLs ranged from 11 . 1 to 44 . 3% and from 16 . 0% to 63 . 6% , respectively . The total phenotypic variance explained by all the QTLs for each trait ranged from 35 . 8% to 71 . 3% , showing that the expression of PNUE and related characters depends significantly upon genetic factors . Both S-QTLs and E-QTLs may be useful for marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) to develop higher PNUE genotypes .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: The RILs were cultivated in ordinary-N ( N-P2O5-K2O = 100-80-80 kg/ha ) and low-N ( N-P2O5-K2O= 50-80-80 kg/ha ) ( 100 kg/ha ) conditions . PNUE was positively correlated with the harvest index and grain yield in both conditions . Twenty single QTLs ( S-QTLs ) and 58 pairs of epistatic loci ( E-QTLs ) were identified for the nitrogen concentration of grain , nitrogen concentration of straw , nitrogen content of shoot , harvest index , grain yield , straw yield and PNUE in both conditions . The phenotypic variance explained by these S-QTLs and E-QTLs ranged from 11 . 1 to 44 . 3% and from 16 . 0% to 63 . 6% , respectively . The total phenotypic variance explained by all the QTLs for each trait ranged from 35 . 8% to 71 . 3% , showing that the expression of PNUE and related characters depends significantly upon genetic factors . Both S-QTLs and E-QTLs may be useful for marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) to develop higher PNUE genotypes .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: PNUE was positively correlated with the harvest index and grain yield in both conditions . Twenty single QTLs ( S-QTLs ) and 58 pairs of epistatic loci ( E-QTLs ) were identified for the nitrogen concentration of grain , nitrogen concentration of straw , nitrogen content of shoot , harvest index , grain yield , straw yield and PNUE in both conditions . The phenotypic variance explained by these S-QTLs and E-QTLs ranged from 11 . 1 to 44 . 3% and from 16 . 0% to 63 . 6% , respectively . The total phenotypic variance explained by all the QTLs for each trait ranged from 35 . 8% to 71 . 3% , showing that the expression of PNUE and related characters depends significantly upon genetic factors . Both S-QTLs and E-QTLs may be useful for marker-assisted selection ( MAS ) to develop higher PNUE genotypes .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Evaluation of genotypic variation in leaf photosynthetic rate and its associated factors by using rice diversity research set of germplasm .
| | Author: Kanemura T Homma K Ohsumi A Shiraiwa T Horie T | | Journal: Photosynth Res Citation: V : 94 P : 23-30 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17659450 Accession (PMID): 17659450 | | Abstract: In order to evaluate genotypic variation , we measured leaf photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and its associated factors for the rice diversity research set of germplasm ( RDRS ) selected from the Genebank in National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences ( NIAS ) .
Pn showed large genotypic variation from 11 . 9 to 32 . 1 micromol m ( -2 ) s ( -1 ) .
The variation in stomatal conductance to CO2 ( Gs ) explained about 50% of that in Pn , while that in nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves explained about 35% .
The genotype group which mainly consists of aus type indica tended to have higher Gs , and the genotype group which corresponds to japonica had a higher nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves .
The relationships of Pn with Gs and N were not significantly different among genotype groups , suggesting photosynthetic efficiencies are similar among genotype groups .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: In order to evaluate genotypic variation , we measured leaf photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and its associated factors for the rice diversity research set of germplasm ( RDRS ) selected from the Genebank in National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences ( NIAS ) . Pn showed large genotypic variation from 11 . 9 to 32 . 1 micromol m ( -2 ) s ( -1 ) . The variation in stomatal conductance to CO2 ( Gs ) explained about 50% of that in Pn , while that in nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves explained about 35% . The genotype group which mainly consists of aus type indica tended to have higher Gs , and the genotype group which corresponds to japonica had a higher nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves . The relationships of Pn with Gs and N were not significantly different among genotype groups , suggesting photosynthetic efficiencies are similar among genotype groups .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: In order to evaluate genotypic variation , we measured leaf photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and its associated factors for the rice diversity research set of germplasm ( RDRS ) selected from the Genebank in National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences ( NIAS ) . Pn showed large genotypic variation from 11 . 9 to 32 . 1 micromol m ( -2 ) s ( -1 ) . The variation in stomatal conductance to CO2 ( Gs ) explained about 50% of that in Pn , while that in nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves explained about 35% . The genotype group which mainly consists of aus type indica tended to have higher Gs , and the genotype group which corresponds to japonica had a higher nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves . The relationships of Pn with Gs and N were not significantly different among genotype groups , suggesting photosynthetic efficiencies are similar among genotype groups .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: In order to evaluate genotypic variation , we measured leaf photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and its associated factors for the rice diversity research set of germplasm ( RDRS ) selected from the Genebank in National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences ( NIAS ) . Pn showed large genotypic variation from 11 . 9 to 32 . 1 micromol m ( -2 ) s ( -1 ) . The variation in stomatal conductance to CO2 ( Gs ) explained about 50% of that in Pn , while that in nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves explained about 35% . The genotype group which mainly consists of aus type indica tended to have higher Gs , and the genotype group which corresponds to japonica had a higher nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves . The relationships of Pn with Gs and N were not significantly different among genotype groups , suggesting photosynthetic efficiencies are similar among genotype groups .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In order to evaluate genotypic variation , we measured leaf photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and its associated factors for the rice diversity research set of germplasm ( RDRS ) selected from the Genebank in National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences ( NIAS ) . Pn showed large genotypic variation from 11 . 9 to 32 . 1 micromol m ( -2 ) s ( -1 ) . The variation in stomatal conductance to CO2 ( Gs ) explained about 50% of that in Pn , while that in nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves explained about 35% . The genotype group which mainly consists of aus type indica tended to have higher Gs , and the genotype group which corresponds to japonica had a higher nitrogen concentration ( N ) in leaves . The relationships of Pn with Gs and N were not significantly different among genotype groups , suggesting photosynthetic efficiencies are similar among genotype groups .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: A stress-induced rice ( Oryza sativa L ) beta-glucosidase represents a new subfamily of glycosyl hydrolase family 5 containing a fascin-like domain .
| | Author: Opassiri R Pomthong B Akiyama T Nakphaichit M Onkoksoong T Ketudat Cairns M Ketudat Cairns JR | | Journal: Biochem J Citation: V : 408 P : 241-9 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17705786 Accession (PMID): 17705786 | | Abstract: GH5BG , the cDNA for a stress-induced GH5 ( glycosyl hydrolase family 5 ) beta-glucosidase , was cloned from rice ( Oryza sativa L ) seedlings .
The GH5BG cDNA encodes a 510-amino-acid precursor protein that comprises 19 amino acids of prepeptide and 491 amino acids of mature protein .
The protein was predicted to be extracellular .
The mature protein is a member of a plant-specific subgroup of the GH5 exoglucanase subfamily that contains two major domains , a beta-1 , 3-exoglucanase-like domain and a fascin-like domain that is not commonly found in plant enzymes .
The GH5BG mRNA is highly expressed in the shoot during germination and in leaf sheaths of mature plants .
The GH5BG was up-regulated in response to salt stress , submergence stress , methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid in rice seedlings .
A GUS ( glucuronidase ) reporter tagged at the C-terminus of GH5BG was found to be secreted to the apoplast when expressed in onion ( Allium cepa ) cells .
A thioredoxin fusion protein produced from the GH5BG cDNA in Escherichia coli hydrolysed various pNP ( p-nitrophenyl ) glycosides , including beta-D-glucoside , alpha-L-arabinoside , beta-D-fucoside , beta-D-galactoside , beta-D-xyloside and beta-D-cellobioside , as well as beta- ( 1 , 4 ) -linked glucose oligosaccharides and beta- ( 1 , 3 ) -linked disaccharide ( laminaribiose ) .
The catalytic efficiency ( kcat/K ( m ) ) for hydrolysis of beta- ( 1 , 4 ) -linked oligosaccharides by the enzyme remained constant as the DP ( degree of polymerization ) increased from 3 to 5 .
This substrate specificity is significantly different from fungal GH5 exoglucanases , such as the exo-beta- ( 1 , 3 ) -glucanase of the yeast Candida albicans , which may correlate with a marked reduction in a loop that makes up the active-site wall in the Candida enzyme .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The mature protein is a member of a plant-specific subgroup of the GH5 exoglucanase subfamily that contains two major domains , a beta-1 , 3-exoglucanase-like domain and a fascin-like domain that is not commonly found in plant enzymes . The GH5BG mRNA is highly expressed in the shoot during germination and in leaf sheaths of mature plants . The GH5BG was up-regulated in response to salt stress , submergence stress , methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid in rice seedlings . A GUS ( glucuronidase ) reporter tagged at the C-terminus of GH5BG was found to be secreted to the apoplast when expressed in onion ( Allium cepa ) cells . A thioredoxin fusion protein produced from the GH5BG cDNA in Escherichia coli hydrolysed various pNP ( p-nitrophenyl ) glycosides , including beta-D-glucoside , alpha-L-arabinoside , beta-D-fucoside , beta-D-galactoside , beta-D-xyloside and beta-D-cellobioside , as well as beta- ( 1 , 4 ) -linked glucose oligosaccharides and beta- ( 1 , 3 ) -linked disaccharide ( laminaribiose ) . The catalytic efficiency ( kcat/K ( m ) ) for hydrolysis of beta- ( 1 , 4 ) -linked oligosaccharides by the enzyme remained constant as the DP ( degree of polymerization ) increased from 3 to 5 . This substrate specificity is significantly different from fungal GH5 exoglucanases , such as the exo-beta- ( 1 , 3 ) -glucanase of the yeast Candida albicans , which may correlate with a marked reduction in a loop that makes up the active-site wall in the Candida enzyme .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Members of the plant NIMA-related kinases are involved in organ development and vascularization in poplar , Arabidopsis and rice .
| | Author: Vigneault F Lachance D Cloutier M Pelletier G Levasseur C Seguin A | | Journal: Plant J Citation: V : 51 P : 575-88 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17886359 Accession (PMID): 17886359 | | Abstract: NIMA-related kinases ( Neks ) are a family of serine/threonine kinases that have been linked to cell-cycle regulation in fungi and mammals .
Information regarding the function of Neks in plants is very limited .
We screened the three plant species that have had their genomes sequenced in an attempt to improve our understanding of their role in plants .
We retrieved seven members in Arabidopsis thaliana , nine in Populus trichocarpa and six in Oryza sativa .
Phylogenetic analysis showed that plant Neks are closely related to each other and contain paralogous genes .
Moreover , their chromosome distribution and their exon-intron structure revealed that the actual plant Nek family was derived from a single representative followed by large segmental duplication events .
Functional expression analyses in the three species relied on RTqPCR in poplar and publicly available microarray data for Arabidopsis and rice .
Although plant Neks are present in every organ analyzed , their expression profiles suggest their involvement in plant development processes .
Furthermore , we showed that PNek1 , a member of the poplar family , is expressed at sites of free auxin synthesis and is specifically involved during the vascularization process .
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[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Phylogenetic analysis showed that plant Neks are closely related to each other and contain paralogous genes . Moreover , their chromosome distribution and their exon-intron structure revealed that the actual plant Nek family was derived from a single representative followed by large segmental duplication events . Functional expression analyses in the three species relied on RTqPCR in poplar and publicly available microarray data for Arabidopsis and rice . Although plant Neks are present in every organ analyzed , their expression profiles suggest their involvement in plant development processes . Furthermore , we showed that PNek1 , a member of the poplar family , is expressed at sites of free auxin synthesis and is specifically involved during the vascularization process .
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Score: 9.00 |
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| Title: A circadian rhythm set by dusk determines the expression of FT homologs and the short-day photoperiodic flowering response in Pharbitis .
| | Author: Hayama R Agashe B Luley E King R Coupland G | | Journal: Plant Cell Citation: V : 19 P : 2988-3000 Year: 2007 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17965272 Accession (PMID): 17965272 | | Abstract: Seasonal control of flowering through responsiveness to daylength shows extreme variation .
Different species flower in response to long days or short days ( SDs ) , and this difference evolved several times .
The molecular mechanisms conferring these responses have been compared in detail only in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice ( Oryza sativa ) and suggest that a conserved pathway confers daylength responses through regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) transcription by CONSTANS ( CO ) .
We studied Pharbitis ( Ipomoea nil ; formerly , Pharbitis nil ) , a widely used SD model species and a member of the Convolvulaceae , and showed using transgenic plants together with detailed expression analysis that two putative orthologs of FT ( Pn FT1 and Pn FT2 ) promote flowering specifically under SDs .
These genes are expressed only under SDs , and light flashes given during the night reduce their expression and prevent flowering .
We demonstrate that in Pharbitis a circadian rhythm set by the light-to-dark transition at dusk regulates Pn FT expression , which rises only when the night is longer than 11 h .
Furthermore , Pharbitis accessions that differ in their critical night-length responses express Pn FT at different times after dusk , demonstrating that natural genetic variation influencing the clock regulating Pn FT expression alters the flowering response .
In these assays , Pn FT mRNA abundance was not related to Pn CO expression , suggesting that Pn FT may be regulated by a different transcription factor in Pharbitis .
We conclude that SD response in Pharbitis is controlled by a dedicated light sensitive clock , set by dusk , that activates Pn FT transcription in darkness , a different mechanism for measuring daylength than described for Arabidopsis and rice .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 3.00 ]: We studied Pharbitis ( Ipomoea nil ; formerly , Pharbitis nil ) , a widely used SD model species and a member of the Convolvulaceae , and showed using transgenic plants together with detailed expression analysis that two putative orthologs of FT ( Pn FT1 and Pn FT2 ) promote flowering specifically under SDs . These genes are expressed only under SDs , and light flashes given during the night reduce their expression and prevent flowering . We demonstrate that in Pharbitis a circadian rhythm set by the light-to-dark transition at dusk regulates Pn FT expression , which rises only when the night is longer than 11 h . Furthermore , Pharbitis accessions that differ in their critical night-length responses express Pn FT at different times after dusk , demonstrating that natural genetic variation influencing the clock regulating Pn FT expression alters the flowering response . In these assays , Pn FT mRNA abundance was not related to Pn CO expression , suggesting that Pn FT may be regulated by a different transcription factor in Pharbitis . We conclude that SD response in Pharbitis is controlled by a dedicated light sensitive clock , set by dusk , that activates Pn FT transcription in darkness , a different mechanism for measuring daylength than described for Arabidopsis and rice .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Seasonal control of flowering through responsiveness to daylength shows extreme variation . Different species flower in response to long days or short days ( SDs ) , and this difference evolved several times . The molecular mechanisms conferring these responses have been compared in detail only in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice ( Oryza sativa ) and suggest that a conserved pathway confers daylength responses through regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) transcription by CONSTANS ( CO ) . We studied Pharbitis ( Ipomoea nil ; formerly , Pharbitis nil ) , a widely used SD model species and a member of the Convolvulaceae , and showed using transgenic plants together with detailed expression analysis that two putative orthologs of FT ( Pn FT1 and Pn FT2 ) promote flowering specifically under SDs . These genes are expressed only under SDs , and light flashes given during the night reduce their expression and prevent flowering . We demonstrate that in Pharbitis a circadian rhythm set by the light-to-dark transition at dusk regulates Pn FT expression , which rises only when the night is longer than 11 h . Furthermore , Pharbitis accessions that differ in their critical night-length responses express Pn FT at different times after dusk , demonstrating that natural genetic variation influencing the clock regulating Pn FT expression alters the flowering response . In these assays , Pn FT mRNA abundance was not related to Pn CO expression , suggesting that Pn FT may be regulated by a different transcription factor in Pharbitis .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: The molecular mechanisms conferring these responses have been compared in detail only in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice ( Oryza sativa ) and suggest that a conserved pathway confers daylength responses through regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) transcription by CONSTANS ( CO ) . We studied Pharbitis ( Ipomoea nil ; formerly , Pharbitis nil ) , a widely used SD model species and a member of the Convolvulaceae , and showed using transgenic plants together with detailed expression analysis that two putative orthologs of FT ( Pn FT1 and Pn FT2 ) promote flowering specifically under SDs . These genes are expressed only under SDs , and light flashes given during the night reduce their expression and prevent flowering . We demonstrate that in Pharbitis a circadian rhythm set by the light-to-dark transition at dusk regulates Pn FT expression , which rises only when the night is longer than 11 h . Furthermore , Pharbitis accessions that differ in their critical night-length responses express Pn FT at different times after dusk , demonstrating that natural genetic variation influencing the clock regulating Pn FT expression alters the flowering response . In these assays , Pn FT mRNA abundance was not related to Pn CO expression , suggesting that Pn FT may be regulated by a different transcription factor in Pharbitis . We conclude that SD response in Pharbitis is controlled by a dedicated light sensitive clock , set by dusk , that activates Pn FT transcription in darkness , a different mechanism for measuring daylength than described for Arabidopsis and rice .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Different species flower in response to long days or short days ( SDs ) , and this difference evolved several times . The molecular mechanisms conferring these responses have been compared in detail only in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice ( Oryza sativa ) and suggest that a conserved pathway confers daylength responses through regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT ) transcription by CONSTANS ( CO ) . We studied Pharbitis ( Ipomoea nil ; formerly , Pharbitis nil ) , a widely used SD model species and a member of the Convolvulaceae , and showed using transgenic plants together with detailed expression analysis that two putative orthologs of FT ( Pn FT1 and Pn FT2 ) promote flowering specifically under SDs . These genes are expressed only under SDs , and light flashes given during the night reduce their expression and prevent flowering . We demonstrate that in Pharbitis a circadian rhythm set by the light-to-dark transition at dusk regulates Pn FT expression , which rises only when the night is longer than 11 h . Furthermore , Pharbitis accessions that differ in their critical night-length responses express Pn FT at different times after dusk , demonstrating that natural genetic variation influencing the clock regulating Pn FT expression alters the flowering response . In these assays , Pn FT mRNA abundance was not related to Pn CO expression , suggesting that Pn FT may be regulated by a different transcription factor in Pharbitis . We conclude that SD response in Pharbitis is controlled by a dedicated light sensitive clock , set by dusk , that activates Pn FT transcription in darkness , a different mechanism for measuring daylength than described for Arabidopsis and rice .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: These genes are expressed only under SDs , and light flashes given during the night reduce their expression and prevent flowering . We demonstrate that in Pharbitis a circadian rhythm set by the light-to-dark transition at dusk regulates Pn FT expression , which rises only when the night is longer than 11 h . Furthermore , Pharbitis accessions that differ in their critical night-length responses express Pn FT at different times after dusk , demonstrating that natural genetic variation influencing the clock regulating Pn FT expression alters the flowering response . In these assays , Pn FT mRNA abundance was not related to Pn CO expression , suggesting that Pn FT may be regulated by a different transcription factor in Pharbitis . We conclude that SD response in Pharbitis is controlled by a dedicated light sensitive clock , set by dusk , that activates Pn FT transcription in darkness , a different mechanism for measuring daylength than described for Arabidopsis and rice .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Three-dimensional architecture of virus-packed tubule .
| | Author: Katayama S Wei T Omura T Takagi J Iwasaki K | | Journal: J Electron Microsc ( Tokyo ) Citation: V : 56 P : 77-81 Year: 2007 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub17967810 Accession (PMID): 17967810 | | Abstract: When rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) , a member of the Reoviridae family , infects leafhopper cells , formation of protruding tubules composed of nonstructural viral protein Pns 10 can be observed .
We examined the three-dimensional ( 3D ) structure of these tubules containing RDV particles using electron tomography .
The thin section of RDV-infected leafhopper vector cells in monolayers was subjected to double-tilt tomography .
The tomographic 3D map provides a more reliable estimation of the real dimensions of the structure compared with the 2D image of the thin section .
Docking of particle models made from atomic coordinates of RDV into the tomogram revealed that the inner diameter of the tubule was close to the outer diameter of the RDV particle .
Fourier-transform of the reconstituted tubule image from the purified Pns 10 protein in vitro revealed a helical structure of the tubule .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: When rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) , a member of the Reoviridae family , infects leafhopper cells , formation of protruding tubules composed of nonstructural viral protein Pns 10 can be observed . We examined the three-dimensional ( 3D ) structure of these tubules containing RDV particles using electron tomography . The thin section of RDV-infected leafhopper vector cells in monolayers was subjected to double-tilt tomography . The tomographic 3D map provides a more reliable estimation of the real dimensions of the structure compared with the 2D image of the thin section . Docking of particle models made from atomic coordinates of RDV into the tomogram revealed that the inner diameter of the tubule was close to the outer diameter of the RDV particle .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: We examined the three-dimensional ( 3D ) structure of these tubules containing RDV particles using electron tomography . The thin section of RDV-infected leafhopper vector cells in monolayers was subjected to double-tilt tomography . The tomographic 3D map provides a more reliable estimation of the real dimensions of the structure compared with the 2D image of the thin section . Docking of particle models made from atomic coordinates of RDV into the tomogram revealed that the inner diameter of the tubule was close to the outer diameter of the RDV particle . Fourier-transform of the reconstituted tubule image from the purified Pns 10 protein in vitro revealed a helical structure of the tubule .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Endomembranes and myosin mediate assembly into tubules of Pns10 of Rice dwarf virus and intercellular spreading of the virus in cultured insect vector cells .
| | Author: Wei T Shimizu T Omura T | | Journal: Virology Citation: V : 372 P : 349-56 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18061230 Accession (PMID): 18061230 | | Abstract: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) spreads , along actin-based filopodia , as one of the ways of its transport , from infected to non-infected cells of its vector insect via tubules that are composed of the viral nonstructural protein Pns10 and contain viral particles .
An inhibitor that perturbs the endomembrane system , namely , brefeldin A , and butanedione monoxime , an inhibitor of myosin motor activity , abolished the formation of such tubules , preventing the direct cell-to-cell spread of RDV without any significant effects on the production of viral particles .
The microtubule-depolymerizing drug NOC , which had a negligible effect on the formation and protrusion of such tubules from cells , did not inhibit the intercellular spread of RDV .
Our observations suggest that the endomembrane system and myosin motors , but not microtubule , are required for the Pns10 tubule formation and are , therefore , involved in the secondary infection by RDV of adjacent cells .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) spreads , along actin-based filopodia , as one of the ways of its transport , from infected to non-infected cells of its vector insect via tubules that are composed of the viral nonstructural protein Pns10 and contain viral particles . An inhibitor that perturbs the endomembrane system , namely , brefeldin A , and butanedione monoxime , an inhibitor of myosin motor activity , abolished the formation of such tubules , preventing the direct cell-to-cell spread of RDV without any significant effects on the production of viral particles . The microtubule-depolymerizing drug NOC , which had a negligible effect on the formation and protrusion of such tubules from cells , did not inhibit the intercellular spread of RDV . Our observations suggest that the endomembrane system and myosin motors , but not microtubule , are required for the Pns10 tubule formation and are , therefore , involved in the secondary infection by RDV of adjacent cells .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) spreads , along actin-based filopodia , as one of the ways of its transport , from infected to non-infected cells of its vector insect via tubules that are composed of the viral nonstructural protein Pns10 and contain viral particles . An inhibitor that perturbs the endomembrane system , namely , brefeldin A , and butanedione monoxime , an inhibitor of myosin motor activity , abolished the formation of such tubules , preventing the direct cell-to-cell spread of RDV without any significant effects on the production of viral particles . The microtubule-depolymerizing drug NOC , which had a negligible effect on the formation and protrusion of such tubules from cells , did not inhibit the intercellular spread of RDV . Our observations suggest that the endomembrane system and myosin motors , but not microtubule , are required for the Pns10 tubule formation and are , therefore , involved in the secondary infection by RDV of adjacent cells .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Differential changes in photosynthetic capacity , 77 K chlorophyll fluorescence and chloroplast ultrastructure between Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient rice genotypes ( Oryza sativa ) under low zinc stress .
| | Author: Chen W Yang X He Z Feng Y Hu F | | Journal: Physiol Plant Citation: V : 132 P : 89-101 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18251873 Accession (PMID): 18251873 | | Abstract: The relationship of zinc ( Zn ) efficiency in rice to differential tolerance of photosynthetic capacity and chloroplast function to low Zn stress was studied using Zn-efficient ( IR8192 ) and Zn-inefficient ( Erjiufeng ) rice genotypes ( Oryza sativa L ) .
Zinc deficiency caused extensive declines in leaf chlorophyll ( Chl ) content , ratios of chl a : b , Pn , Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo , indicating that the intrinsic quantum efficiency of the photosystem II ( PSII ) units was damaged .
A greater decline was observed in the inefficient genotype ( Erjiufeng ) than the efficient genotype ( IR8192 ) .
The 77 K chl fluorescence emission spectrum revealed that Zn deficiency blocked energy spillover from PSII to PSI and more excitation energy was distributed to PSII in IR8192 than Erjiufeng .
The spectrum of Zn-deficient Erjiufeng was completely disordered , implying that the photosynthetic centers were seriously damaged .
Electron microscopy showed that Zn deficiency caused a severe damage to the fine structure of chloroplasts , but IR8192 had a better preserved chloroplast ultrastructure as compared with Erjiufeng .
These differences may result from the higher levels of the antioxidant enzyme activities and lower oxidant stress level in IR8192 .
These results indicate that Zn deficiency decreases leaf photosynthetic capacity primarily by reducing the number of PSII units per unit leaf area , and also reducing the photochemical capacity of the remaining PSII units .
Therefore , the maintenance of more efficient photochemical capacity under low Zn stress is a key factor for the high Zn efficiency in rice , which may result from less antioxidant damage caused by low Zn to the chloroplast ultrastructure .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The relationship of zinc ( Zn ) efficiency in rice to differential tolerance of photosynthetic capacity and chloroplast function to low Zn stress was studied using Zn-efficient ( IR8192 ) and Zn-inefficient ( Erjiufeng ) rice genotypes ( Oryza sativa L ) . Zinc deficiency caused extensive declines in leaf chlorophyll ( Chl ) content , ratios of chl a : b , Pn , Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo , indicating that the intrinsic quantum efficiency of the photosystem II ( PSII ) units was damaged . A greater decline was observed in the inefficient genotype ( Erjiufeng ) than the efficient genotype ( IR8192 ) . The 77 K chl fluorescence emission spectrum revealed that Zn deficiency blocked energy spillover from PSII to PSI and more excitation energy was distributed to PSII in IR8192 than Erjiufeng . The spectrum of Zn-deficient Erjiufeng was completely disordered , implying that the photosynthetic centers were seriously damaged . Electron microscopy showed that Zn deficiency caused a severe damage to the fine structure of chloroplasts , but IR8192 had a better preserved chloroplast ultrastructure as compared with Erjiufeng .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: [ Photosynthesis and active-oxygen-scavenging enzyme activities in rice varieties with different phosphorus efficiency under phosphorus stress ] | | Author: Han SF Deng RL Xu HR Cao YF Wang XY Xiao K | | Journal: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao Citation: V : 18 P : Jul-62 Year: 2007 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18260448 Accession (PMID): 18260448 | | Abstract: Using six rice varieties with different phosphorus ( P ) use efficiency as the materials , the photosynthesis and active-oxygen-scavenging enzyme activities of the rice varieties under different P conditions were studied .
Under deficient P condition , the photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and soluble protein content ( pro ) were all gradually decreased with the growth process in the six tested varieties .
The Pn and pro were always lower under deficient P condition than those under sufficient P condition .
The Pn ( ranging from 10 . 06-10 . 83 micromol CO2 x m ( -2 ) x s ( -1 ) ) , chlorophyll content ( ranging from 3 . 32-3 . 56 mg x g ( -1 ) FM ) and pro ( ranging from 33 . 08-33 . 95 mg x g ( -1 ) FM ) were all the highest in varieties with high-P efficiency , then in varieties with mid-P efficiency , and the lowest in varieties with low-P efficiency .
There were no obvious differences on stomatal conductance ( Gs ) among the varieties .
Meanwhile , the superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activities of the tested varieties were all decreased with the process of deficient P stress .
The SOD activities were also shown to be the highest in the varieties with high-P efficiency , then in the varieties with mid-P efficiency , and the lowest in the varieties with low-P efficiency under deficient P conditions .
The malondialdehyde ( MDA ) contents in the tested varieties showed a reverse pattern of the SOD activities , with the highest in varieties with low-P efficiency and lowest in varieties with high-P efficiency .
There was not an obvious change pattern on POD activity among the tested varieties under different P conditions .
Under deficient P condition , the higher SOD activity and lower peroxidation degree of cell membrane system play important roles in improving the photosynthesis of the varieties with high-P efficiency .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Using six rice varieties with different phosphorus ( P ) use efficiency as the materials , the photosynthesis and active-oxygen-scavenging enzyme activities of the rice varieties under different P conditions were studied . Under deficient P condition , the photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and soluble protein content ( pro ) were all gradually decreased with the growth process in the six tested varieties . The Pn and pro were always lower under deficient P condition than those under sufficient P condition . The Pn ( ranging from 10 . 06-10 . 83 micromol CO2 x m ( -2 ) x s ( -1 ) ) , chlorophyll content ( ranging from 3 . 32-3 . 56 mg x g ( -1 ) FM ) and pro ( ranging from 33 . 08-33 . 95 mg x g ( -1 ) FM ) were all the highest in varieties with high-P efficiency , then in varieties with mid-P efficiency , and the lowest in varieties with low-P efficiency . There were no obvious differences on stomatal conductance ( Gs ) among the varieties . Meanwhile , the superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activities of the tested varieties were all decreased with the process of deficient P stress .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Using six rice varieties with different phosphorus ( P ) use efficiency as the materials , the photosynthesis and active-oxygen-scavenging enzyme activities of the rice varieties under different P conditions were studied . Under deficient P condition , the photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and soluble protein content ( pro ) were all gradually decreased with the growth process in the six tested varieties . The Pn and pro were always lower under deficient P condition than those under sufficient P condition . The Pn ( ranging from 10 . 06-10 . 83 micromol CO2 x m ( -2 ) x s ( -1 ) ) , chlorophyll content ( ranging from 3 . 32-3 . 56 mg x g ( -1 ) FM ) and pro ( ranging from 33 . 08-33 . 95 mg x g ( -1 ) FM ) were all the highest in varieties with high-P efficiency , then in varieties with mid-P efficiency , and the lowest in varieties with low-P efficiency . There were no obvious differences on stomatal conductance ( Gs ) among the varieties . Meanwhile , the superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activities of the tested varieties were all decreased with the process of deficient P stress . The SOD activities were also shown to be the highest in the varieties with high-P efficiency , then in the varieties with mid-P efficiency , and the lowest in the varieties with low-P efficiency under deficient P conditions .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Using six rice varieties with different phosphorus ( P ) use efficiency as the materials , the photosynthesis and active-oxygen-scavenging enzyme activities of the rice varieties under different P conditions were studied . Under deficient P condition , the photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and soluble protein content ( pro ) were all gradually decreased with the growth process in the six tested varieties . The Pn and pro were always lower under deficient P condition than those under sufficient P condition . The Pn ( ranging from 10 . 06-10 . 83 micromol CO2 x m ( -2 ) x s ( -1 ) ) , chlorophyll content ( ranging from 3 . 32-3 . 56 mg x g ( -1 ) FM ) and pro ( ranging from 33 . 08-33 . 95 mg x g ( -1 ) FM ) were all the highest in varieties with high-P efficiency , then in varieties with mid-P efficiency , and the lowest in varieties with low-P efficiency . There were no obvious differences on stomatal conductance ( Gs ) among the varieties . Meanwhile , the superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activities of the tested varieties were all decreased with the process of deficient P stress . The SOD activities were also shown to be the highest in the varieties with high-P efficiency , then in the varieties with mid-P efficiency , and the lowest in the varieties with low-P efficiency under deficient P conditions . The malondialdehyde ( MDA ) contents in the tested varieties showed a reverse pattern of the SOD activities , with the highest in varieties with low-P efficiency and lowest in varieties with high-P efficiency .
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Score: 14.00 |
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| Title: Detection of QTLs with additive effects and additive-by-environment interaction effects on panicle number in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) with single-segment substitution lines .
| | Author: Liu G Zhang Z Zhu H Zhao F Ding X Zeng R Li W Zhang G | | Journal: Theor Appl Genet Citation: V : 116 P : 923-31 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18274724 Accession (PMID): 18274724 | | Abstract: A novel population consisting of 35 single-segment substitution lines ( SSSLs ) originating from crosses between the recipient parent , Hua-jing-xian 74 ( HJX74 ) , and 17 donor parents was evaluated in six cropping season environments to reveal the genetic basis of genetic main effect ( G ) and genotype-by-environment interaction effect ( GE ) for panicle number ( PN ) in rice .
Subsets of lines were grown in up to six environments .
An indirect analysis method was applied , in which the total genetic effect was first partitioned into G and GE by using the mixed linear-model approach , and then QTL ( quantitative trait locus ) analyses on these effects were conducted separately .
At least 18 QTLs for PN in rice were detected and identified on 9 of 12 rice chromosomes .
A single QTL effect ( a + ae ) ranging from -1 . 5 to 1 . 2 was divided into two components , additive effect ( a ) and additive x environment interaction effect ( ae ) .
A total number of 9 and 16 QTLs were identified with a ranging from -0 . 4 to 0 . 6 and ae ranging from -1 . 0 to 0 . 6 , respectively , the former being stable but the latter unstable across environments .
Three types of QTLs were suggested according to their effects expressed .
Two QTLs ( Pn-1b and Pn-6d ) expressed stably across environments due to the association with only a , nine QTLs ( Pn-1a , Pn-3c , Pn-3d , Pn-4 , Pn-6a , Pn-6b , Pn-8 , Pn-9 and Pn-12 ) with only ae were unstable , and the remaining seven of QTLs were identified with both a and ae , which also were unstable across environments .
This is the first report on the detection of QE ( QTL-by-environment interaction effect ) of QTLs with SSSLs .
Our results illustrate the efficiency of characterizing QTLs and analyzing action of QTLs through SSSLs , and further demonstrate that QE is an important property of many QTLs .
Information provided in this paper could be used in the application of marker-assisted selection to manipulate PN in rice .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 11.00 ]: At least 18 QTLs for PN in rice were detected and identified on 9 of 12 rice chromosomes . A single QTL effect ( a + ae ) ranging from -1 . 5 to 1 . 2 was divided into two components , additive effect ( a ) and additive x environment interaction effect ( ae ) . A total number of 9 and 16 QTLs were identified with a ranging from -0 . 4 to 0 . 6 and ae ranging from -1 . 0 to 0 . 6 , respectively , the former being stable but the latter unstable across environments . Three types of QTLs were suggested according to their effects expressed . Two QTLs ( Pn-1b and Pn-6d ) expressed stably across environments due to the association with only a , nine QTLs ( Pn-1a , Pn-3c , Pn-3d , Pn-4 , Pn-6a , Pn-6b , Pn-8 , Pn-9 and Pn-12 ) with only ae were unstable , and the remaining seven of QTLs were identified with both a and ae , which also were unstable across environments . This is the first report on the detection of QE ( QTL-by-environment interaction effect ) of QTLs with SSSLs . Our results illustrate the efficiency of characterizing QTLs and analyzing action of QTLs through SSSLs , and further demonstrate that QE is an important property of many QTLs . Information provided in this paper could be used in the application of marker-assisted selection to manipulate PN in rice .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: A novel population consisting of 35 single-segment substitution lines ( SSSLs ) originating from crosses between the recipient parent , Hua-jing-xian 74 ( HJX74 ) , and 17 donor parents was evaluated in six cropping season environments to reveal the genetic basis of genetic main effect ( G ) and genotype-by-environment interaction effect ( GE ) for panicle number ( PN ) in rice . Subsets of lines were grown in up to six environments . An indirect analysis method was applied , in which the total genetic effect was first partitioned into G and GE by using the mixed linear-model approach , and then QTL ( quantitative trait locus ) analyses on these effects were conducted separately . At least 18 QTLs for PN in rice were detected and identified on 9 of 12 rice chromosomes . A single QTL effect ( a + ae ) ranging from -1 . 5 to 1 . 2 was divided into two components , additive effect ( a ) and additive x environment interaction effect ( ae ) .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: A novel population consisting of 35 single-segment substitution lines ( SSSLs ) originating from crosses between the recipient parent , Hua-jing-xian 74 ( HJX74 ) , and 17 donor parents was evaluated in six cropping season environments to reveal the genetic basis of genetic main effect ( G ) and genotype-by-environment interaction effect ( GE ) for panicle number ( PN ) in rice . Subsets of lines were grown in up to six environments . An indirect analysis method was applied , in which the total genetic effect was first partitioned into G and GE by using the mixed linear-model approach , and then QTL ( quantitative trait locus ) analyses on these effects were conducted separately . At least 18 QTLs for PN in rice were detected and identified on 9 of 12 rice chromosomes . A single QTL effect ( a + ae ) ranging from -1 . 5 to 1 . 2 was divided into two components , additive effect ( a ) and additive x environment interaction effect ( ae ) . A total number of 9 and 16 QTLs were identified with a ranging from -0 . 4 to 0 . 6 and ae ranging from -1 . 0 to 0 . 6 , respectively , the former being stable but the latter unstable across environments . Three types of QTLs were suggested according to their effects expressed . Two QTLs ( Pn-1b and Pn-6d ) expressed stably across environments due to the association with only a , nine QTLs ( Pn-1a , Pn-3c , Pn-3d , Pn-4 , Pn-6a , Pn-6b , Pn-8 , Pn-9 and Pn-12 ) with only ae were unstable , and the remaining seven of QTLs were identified with both a and ae , which also were unstable across environments .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Three types of QTLs were suggested according to their effects expressed . Two QTLs ( Pn-1b and Pn-6d ) expressed stably across environments due to the association with only a , nine QTLs ( Pn-1a , Pn-3c , Pn-3d , Pn-4 , Pn-6a , Pn-6b , Pn-8 , Pn-9 and Pn-12 ) with only ae were unstable , and the remaining seven of QTLs were identified with both a and ae , which also were unstable across environments . This is the first report on the detection of QE ( QTL-by-environment interaction effect ) of QTLs with SSSLs . Our results illustrate the efficiency of characterizing QTLs and analyzing action of QTLs through SSSLs , and further demonstrate that QE is an important property of many QTLs . Information provided in this paper could be used in the application of marker-assisted selection to manipulate PN in rice .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: [ Initial functional analysis of the promoter region and coding region of Pib gene in transgenic rice ] | | Author: Zhou M Yang SH Lan Y Jin YK Wan JM | | Journal: Yi Chuan Citation: V : 30 P : 367-72 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18332008 Accession (PMID): 18332008 | | Abstract: The promoter region and intact coding region of Pib gene ( 9 . 9 kb ) was inserted into the downstream of CaMV 35S promoter in a binary vector pPZP2Ha3 ( + ) , resulting a plasmid pNAR701 .
And a fragment of Pib gene from 6 986 to 9 392 bp was placed into pPZP2Ha3 ( - ) under the control of CaMV 35S promoter , producing an antisense expression vector pNAR703 .
These two recombined vectors were transferred into a blast medium susceptible rice cultivar R109 by an Agrobecterium-mediated method .
Tests of PCR and Southern blotting for transgenic plants as well as the segregation of hygromycin resistance in T1 generation confirmed that the target DNA fragments were integrated into genome of R109 and hereditable .
Northern blotting analysis showed the coding region of Pib gene double driven by 35S and its native promoter was able to transcript in T1 transgenic plants .
Rice blast resistance test for T1 transgenic seedlings of 3-4 leaves stage and in vitro leaves in tillering stage showed that transgenic plants of pNAR701 were more resistant to blast race ZD1 and ZG1 than the wild type plants , but the resistance of antisense transgenic plants from pNAR703 was decreased compared to the controls .
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[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: And a fragment of Pib gene from 6 986 to 9 392 bp was placed into pPZP2Ha3 ( - ) under the control of CaMV 35S promoter , producing an antisense expression vector pNAR703 . These two recombined vectors were transferred into a blast medium susceptible rice cultivar R109 by an Agrobecterium-mediated method . Tests of PCR and Southern blotting for transgenic plants as well as the segregation of hygromycin resistance in T1 generation confirmed that the target DNA fragments were integrated into genome of R109 and hereditable . Northern blotting analysis showed the coding region of Pib gene double driven by 35S and its native promoter was able to transcript in T1 transgenic plants . Rice blast resistance test for T1 transgenic seedlings of 3-4 leaves stage and in vitro leaves in tillering stage showed that transgenic plants of pNAR701 were more resistant to blast race ZD1 and ZG1 than the wild type plants , but the resistance of antisense transgenic plants from pNAR703 was decreased compared to the controls .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The promoter region and intact coding region of Pib gene ( 9 . 9 kb ) was inserted into the downstream of CaMV 35S promoter in a binary vector pPZP2Ha3 ( + ) , resulting a plasmid pNAR701 . And a fragment of Pib gene from 6 986 to 9 392 bp was placed into pPZP2Ha3 ( - ) under the control of CaMV 35S promoter , producing an antisense expression vector pNAR703 . These two recombined vectors were transferred into a blast medium susceptible rice cultivar R109 by an Agrobecterium-mediated method . Tests of PCR and Southern blotting for transgenic plants as well as the segregation of hygromycin resistance in T1 generation confirmed that the target DNA fragments were integrated into genome of R109 and hereditable . Northern blotting analysis showed the coding region of Pib gene double driven by 35S and its native promoter was able to transcript in T1 transgenic plants .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The promoter region and intact coding region of Pib gene ( 9 . 9 kb ) was inserted into the downstream of CaMV 35S promoter in a binary vector pPZP2Ha3 ( + ) , resulting a plasmid pNAR701 . And a fragment of Pib gene from 6 986 to 9 392 bp was placed into pPZP2Ha3 ( - ) under the control of CaMV 35S promoter , producing an antisense expression vector pNAR703 . These two recombined vectors were transferred into a blast medium susceptible rice cultivar R109 by an Agrobecterium-mediated method . Tests of PCR and Southern blotting for transgenic plants as well as the segregation of hygromycin resistance in T1 generation confirmed that the target DNA fragments were integrated into genome of R109 and hereditable . Northern blotting analysis showed the coding region of Pib gene double driven by 35S and its native promoter was able to transcript in T1 transgenic plants . Rice blast resistance test for T1 transgenic seedlings of 3-4 leaves stage and in vitro leaves in tillering stage showed that transgenic plants of pNAR701 were more resistant to blast race ZD1 and ZG1 than the wild type plants , but the resistance of antisense transgenic plants from pNAR703 was decreased compared to the controls .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Photosynthesis of the flag leaf blade and its sheath in high-yielding hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu .
| | Author: Guo ZW Li HS Wang RZ Xiao LT | | Journal: Zhi Wu Sheng Li Yu Fen Zi Sheng Wu Xue Xue Bao Citation: V : 33 P : 531-7 Year: 2007 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18349507 Accession (PMID): 18349507 | | Abstract: Using high-yielding hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu ( LYP9 ) and hybrid rice Shanyou 63 ( SY63 ) as the experimental materials and using ( 14 ) C radio-autography , the photosynthetic capacities and distribution of photosynthates in flag leaf blades and sheaths of LYP9 were studied .
The results showed that net photosynthetic rates ( Pn ) of the flag leaf blades and sheaths of LYP9 were much higher than those of SY63 ; the light transmissivity rates ( LT ) measured at the medium height of the flag leaf sheaths and the penultimate leaf sheaths were also significantly higher than those of SY63 .
The incipient activities , total activities and activation percentages of Rubisco in the flag leaf blade and sheath of LYP9 were all higher than those of SY63 .
The photosynthate transport rate in the sheaths of LYP9 , and the quantity of photosynthate transported to the spikes and transformed to economic yield of LYP9 were all higher than those of SY63 .
The photosynthates produced by the sheaths were mainly transported to spike to make a certain contribution ( about 15% ) to yield .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Using high-yielding hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu ( LYP9 ) and hybrid rice Shanyou 63 ( SY63 ) as the experimental materials and using ( 14 ) C radio-autography , the photosynthetic capacities and distribution of photosynthates in flag leaf blades and sheaths of LYP9 were studied . The results showed that net photosynthetic rates ( Pn ) of the flag leaf blades and sheaths of LYP9 were much higher than those of SY63 ; the light transmissivity rates ( LT ) measured at the medium height of the flag leaf sheaths and the penultimate leaf sheaths were also significantly higher than those of SY63 . The incipient activities , total activities and activation percentages of Rubisco in the flag leaf blade and sheath of LYP9 were all higher than those of SY63 . The photosynthate transport rate in the sheaths of LYP9 , and the quantity of photosynthate transported to the spikes and transformed to economic yield of LYP9 were all higher than those of SY63 . The photosynthates produced by the sheaths were mainly transported to spike to make a certain contribution ( about 15% ) to yield .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States .
| | Author: Endimiani A Carias LL Hujer AM Bethel CR Hujer KM Perez F Hutton RA Fox WR Hall GS Jacobs MR Paterson DL Rice LB Jenkins SG Tenover FC Bonomo RA | | Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Citation: V : 52 P : 284922 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18426899 Accession (PMID): 18426899 | | Abstract: The presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes [ ie , qnrA , qnrB , qnrS , aac ( 6 ) -Ib-cr , and qepA ] was evaluated among 42 bla ( KPC ) -containing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected in the eastern United States .
One isolate carried the bla ( KPC-3 ) and qnrB19 genes on the same conjugative plasmid , whereas another carried the bla ( KPC-3 ) and qnrA1 genes on separate plasmids .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes [ ie , qnrA , qnrB , qnrS , aac ( 6 ) -Ib-cr , and qepA ] was evaluated among 42 bla ( KPC ) -containing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected in the eastern United States . One isolate carried the bla ( KPC-3 ) and qnrB19 genes on the same conjugative plasmid , whereas another carried the bla ( KPC-3 ) and qnrA1 genes on separate plasmids .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Characterization of high-yield performance as affected by genotype and environment in rice .
| | Author: Chen S Zeng FR Pao ZZ Zhang GP | | Journal: J Zhejiang Univ Sci B Citation: V : 9 P : 363-70 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18500775 Accession (PMID): 18500775 | | Abstract: We characterized yield-relevant characters and their variations over genotypes and environments ( locations and years ) by examining two rice varieties ( 9746 and Jinfeng ) with high yield potential 9746 and Jinfeng were planted in two locations of Shanghai , China , during 2005 and 2006 .
The results show that there was a large variation in grain yield between locations and years .
The realization of high yield potential for the two types of rice was closely related to the improved sink size , such as more panicles per square meter or grains per panicle .
Stem and leaf biomasses were mainly accumulated from tillering stage to heading stage , and showed slow decline during grain filling .
Meanwhile , some photosynthetic characters including net photosynthesis rate ( Pn ) , leaf area index ( LAI ) , specific leaf area ( SLA ) , fluorescence parameter ( maximum quantum yield of PSII , Fv/Fm ) , chlorophyll content ( expressed as SPAD value ) , as well as nutrient ( N , P , K ) uptake were also measured to determine their variations over genotypes and environments and their relationships with grain yield .
Although there were significant differences between years or locations for most measurements , SLA at tillering and heading stages , Fv/Fm and LAI at heading stage , stem biomass at heading and maturity stages , and leaf nitrogen concentration at tillering and heading stages remained little changed , indicating their possible applications as selectable characters in breeding programs .
It was also found that stem nitrogen accumulation at tillering stage is one of the most important and stable traits for high yield formation .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: We characterized yield-relevant characters and their variations over genotypes and environments ( locations and years ) by examining two rice varieties ( 9746 and Jinfeng ) with high yield potential 9746 and Jinfeng were planted in two locations of Shanghai , China , during 2005 and 2006 . The results show that there was a large variation in grain yield between locations and years . The realization of high yield potential for the two types of rice was closely related to the improved sink size , such as more panicles per square meter or grains per panicle . Stem and leaf biomasses were mainly accumulated from tillering stage to heading stage , and showed slow decline during grain filling . Meanwhile , some photosynthetic characters including net photosynthesis rate ( Pn ) , leaf area index ( LAI ) , specific leaf area ( SLA ) , fluorescence parameter ( maximum quantum yield of PSII , Fv/Fm ) , chlorophyll content ( expressed as SPAD value ) , as well as nutrient ( N , P , K ) uptake were also measured to determine their variations over genotypes and environments and their relationships with grain yield . Although there were significant differences between years or locations for most measurements , SLA at tillering and heading stages , Fv/Fm and LAI at heading stage , stem biomass at heading and maturity stages , and leaf nitrogen concentration at tillering and heading stages remained little changed , indicating their possible applications as selectable characters in breeding programs . It was also found that stem nitrogen accumulation at tillering stage is one of the most important and stable traits for high yield formation .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: [ Photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation of hybrid rice varieties under different light conditions ] | | Author: Tong P Yang SM Ma J Wu HZ Fu TL Li M Wang MT | | Journal: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao Citation: V : 19 P : 505-11 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18533517 Accession (PMID): 18533517 | | Abstract: The study on the photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation of twelve hybrid rice varieties in the eco-environments with low and high light intensity showed that the adaptation abiility of the varieties to eco-environment was mainly ( depended on the varieties themselves , and there existed greater ( differenees among them .
The differences in net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and chlorophyll content ( Chl ) were more significant among the varieties than between the eco-environments .
The grain yield had significant positive correlations with Pn and total dry matter mass ( TDM ) , the determination coefficient R2 being 0 . 584 and 0 . 590 , respectively , but no significant correlations with the export percentage of the matter in stem-sheath ( EPMSS ) and the transformation percentage of the matter in stem-sheath ( TPMSS ) .
In the eco-environment with high light intensity , the leaf thickness and dry matter accumulation increased , while the EPMSS and TPMSS decreased .
Under enough sunlight condition , the high proportion of matter in grain yield was mainly come from the photosynthesis at late growth stages ; while under insufficient sunlight condition , it was mainly originated from the early growth stages photosynthesis .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The study on the photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation of twelve hybrid rice varieties in the eco-environments with low and high light intensity showed that the adaptation abiility of the varieties to eco-environment was mainly ( depended on the varieties themselves , and there existed greater ( differenees among them . The differences in net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and chlorophyll content ( Chl ) were more significant among the varieties than between the eco-environments . The grain yield had significant positive correlations with Pn and total dry matter mass ( TDM ) , the determination coefficient R2 being 0 . 584 and 0 . 590 , respectively , but no significant correlations with the export percentage of the matter in stem-sheath ( EPMSS ) and the transformation percentage of the matter in stem-sheath ( TPMSS ) . In the eco-environment with high light intensity , the leaf thickness and dry matter accumulation increased , while the EPMSS and TPMSS decreased . Under enough sunlight condition , the high proportion of matter in grain yield was mainly come from the photosynthesis at late growth stages ; while under insufficient sunlight condition , it was mainly originated from the early growth stages photosynthesis .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The study on the photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation of twelve hybrid rice varieties in the eco-environments with low and high light intensity showed that the adaptation abiility of the varieties to eco-environment was mainly ( depended on the varieties themselves , and there existed greater ( differenees among them . The differences in net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) and chlorophyll content ( Chl ) were more significant among the varieties than between the eco-environments . The grain yield had significant positive correlations with Pn and total dry matter mass ( TDM ) , the determination coefficient R2 being 0 . 584 and 0 . 590 , respectively , but no significant correlations with the export percentage of the matter in stem-sheath ( EPMSS ) and the transformation percentage of the matter in stem-sheath ( TPMSS ) . In the eco-environment with high light intensity , the leaf thickness and dry matter accumulation increased , while the EPMSS and TPMSS decreased . Under enough sunlight condition , the high proportion of matter in grain yield was mainly come from the photosynthesis at late growth stages ; while under insufficient sunlight condition , it was mainly originated from the early growth stages photosynthesis .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: The KQ element , a complex genetic region conferring transferable resistance to carbapenems , aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones in Klebsiella pneumoniae .
| | Author: Rice LB Carias LL Hutton RA Rudin SD Endimiani A Bonomo RA | | Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Citation: V : P : Year: 2008 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18573935 Accession (PMID): 18573935 | | Abstract: The blaKPC-3 and qnrB19 determinants of transferable Klebsiella pneumoniae plasmid pLRM24 reside within a complex region consisting of a Tn1331 backbone into which has inserted a Tn4401-like element and qnrB19 mobilized by an adjacent ISEcp1 .
This novel element represents a coalescence of genes conferring multidrug resistance in K pneumoniae .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The blaKPC-3 and qnrB19 determinants of transferable Klebsiella pneumoniae plasmid pLRM24 reside within a complex region consisting of a Tn1331 backbone into which has inserted a Tn4401-like element and qnrB19 mobilized by an adjacent ISEcp1 . This novel element represents a coalescence of genes conferring multidrug resistance in K pneumoniae .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The blaKPC-3 and qnrB19 determinants of transferable Klebsiella pneumoniae plasmid pLRM24 reside within a complex region consisting of a Tn1331 backbone into which has inserted a Tn4401-like element and qnrB19 mobilized by an adjacent ISEcp1 . This novel element represents a coalescence of genes conferring multidrug resistance in K pneumoniae .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Hospital volume , surgeon volume , and patient costs for cancer surgery .
| | Author: Ho V Aloia T | | Journal: Med Care Citation: V : 46 P : 718-25 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18580391 Accession (PMID): 18580391 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Several cancer surgery studies document an association between higher provider volume and lower mortality rates .
Less is known about the relative influence of hospital and surgeon volume on patient costs .
We evaluate associations between hospital and surgeon volume and inpatient costs for 6 cancer resections .
METHODS : We analyzed administrative discharge data on patients receiving 1 of 6 cancer resections in Florida , New Jersey , and New York between 1989 and 2000 .
After dividing hospital and surgeon volumes into tertiles , we examined the relations between the total cost of an inpatient stay and surgeon and hospital volume , adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics .
We tested for differences in adjusted volume-cost relationships that persisted throughout the sample period , versus those that lasted for shorter periods .
RESULTS : For the entire sample period , relative to low-volume surgeons , high-volume surgeons were 5 . 5% less costly for pneumonectomy ( P = 0 . 005 ) and 10 . 6% less costly for esophagectomy ( P < 0 . 001 ) .
For the 4 other procedures , high-volume surgeons were less costly than low-volume surgeons for the periods 1993-1996 and 1997-2000 ( all P values < 0 . 001 ) .
The lowest differential was for colectomy ( 4 . 4% in 1993-1996 , P < 0 . 001 ) , and the highest differential was for pancreaticoduodenectomy ( 25 . 6% in 1993-1996 , P < 0 . 001 ) .
High hospital volume was associated with lower costs only for colectomy ( P = 0 . 02 ) .
CONCLUSIONS : High surgeon volume , rather than high hospital volume is associated with lower inpatient cancer surgery costs , and the relationship has become significant in recent years for each cancer procedures examined .
These data suggest that cost savings are best achieved through a surgeon-specific referral program .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: We evaluate associations between hospital and surgeon volume and inpatient costs for 6 cancer resections . METHODS : We analyzed administrative discharge data on patients receiving 1 of 6 cancer resections in Florida , New Jersey , and New York between 1989 and 2000 . After dividing hospital and surgeon volumes into tertiles , we examined the relations between the total cost of an inpatient stay and surgeon and hospital volume , adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics . We tested for differences in adjusted volume-cost relationships that persisted throughout the sample period , versus those that lasted for shorter periods . RESULTS : For the entire sample period , relative to low-volume surgeons , high-volume surgeons were 5 . 5% less costly for pneumonectomy ( P = 0 . 005 ) and 10 . 6% less costly for esophagectomy ( P < 0 . 001 ) . For the 4 other procedures , high-volume surgeons were less costly than low-volume surgeons for the periods 1993-1996 and 1997-2000 ( all P values < 0 . 001 ) . The lowest differential was for colectomy ( 4 . 4% in 1993-1996 , P < 0 . 001 ) , and the highest differential was for pancreaticoduodenectomy ( 25 . 6% in 1993-1996 , P < 0 . 001 ) . High hospital volume was associated with lower costs only for colectomy ( P = 0 . 02 ) . CONCLUSIONS : High surgeon volume , rather than high hospital volume is associated with lower inpatient cancer surgery costs , and the relationship has become significant in recent years for each cancer procedures examined .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Discriminative stimulus properties of naloxone in Long-Evans rats : assessment with the conditioned taste aversion baseline of drug discrimination learning .
| | Author: Davis CM Stevenson GW Canadas F Ullrich T Rice KC Riley AL | | Journal: Psychopharmacology ( Berl ) Citation: V : 203 P : 421-9 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18594795 Accession (PMID): 18594795 | | Abstract: RATIONALE : The characterization of the discriminative stimulus properties of naloxone has focused primarily on its actions at the mu opioid receptor , although naloxone also displays an affinity for delta and kappa receptor subtypes .
OBJECTIVES : The present study extends this characterization of the naloxone cue by investigating if relatively specific antagonists for the mu ( naltrexone : 0 . 10-0 . 56 mg/kg ) , delta ( naltrindole : 1-18 mg/kg ) , and kappa ( MR2266 : 1 . 8-10 mg/kg ) opioid receptor subtypes will substitute for naloxone in animals trained to discriminate naloxone from its vehicle .
The temporal nature of the naloxone cue was examined by varying pretreatment time points ( 15 , 30 , 45 , 60 min ) .
Finally , various doses of naltrexone methobromide ( 1-18 mg/kg ) were assessed to determine peripheral mediation of the cue .
MATERIALS AND METHODS : Female Long-Evans rats ( N = 30 ) received an injection of naloxone ( 1 mg/kg ; i . p . ) 15 min prior to a pairing of saccharin ( 20-min access ) and the emetic LiCl ( 1 . 8 mEq ; i . p . ; n = 16 , group NL ) or vehicle ( n = 14 , group NW ) ; on other days , they were injected with saline prior to saccharin alone .
Substitution tests with compounds with various receptor affinities and selective CNS and PNS actions were then assessed .
RESULTS : Only naloxone and naltrexone produced dose-dependent decreases in saccharin consumption .
Naloxone administered at 15 and 30 min before saccharin produced decreases in consumption similar to that displayed on training days .
Naltrexone methobromide substituted only at the highest dose tested ( 18 mg/kg ) .
CONCLUSIONS : Naloxones stimulus effects appear to be mediated centrally via activity at the mu opioid receptor .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: OBJECTIVES : The present study extends this characterization of the naloxone cue by investigating if relatively specific antagonists for the mu ( naltrexone : 0 . 10-0 . 56 mg/kg ) , delta ( naltrindole : 1-18 mg/kg ) , and kappa ( MR2266 : 1 . 8-10 mg/kg ) opioid receptor subtypes will substitute for naloxone in animals trained to discriminate naloxone from its vehicle . The temporal nature of the naloxone cue was examined by varying pretreatment time points ( 15 , 30 , 45 , 60 min ) . Finally , various doses of naltrexone methobromide ( 1-18 mg/kg ) were assessed to determine peripheral mediation of the cue . MATERIALS AND METHODS : Female Long-Evans rats ( N = 30 ) received an injection of naloxone ( 1 mg/kg ; i . p . ) 15 min prior to a pairing of saccharin ( 20-min access ) and the emetic LiCl ( 1 . 8 mEq ; i . p . ; n = 16 , group NL ) or vehicle ( n = 14 , group NW ) ; on other days , they were injected with saline prior to saccharin alone . Substitution tests with compounds with various receptor affinities and selective CNS and PNS actions were then assessed . RESULTS : Only naloxone and naltrexone produced dose-dependent decreases in saccharin consumption . Naloxone administered at 15 and 30 min before saccharin produced decreases in consumption similar to that displayed on training days . Naltrexone methobromide substituted only at the highest dose tested ( 18 mg/kg ) . CONCLUSIONS : Naloxones stimulus effects appear to be mediated centrally via activity at the mu opioid receptor .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: O-glycosylation of protein subpopulations in alcohol-extracted rice proteins .
| | Author: Kilcoyne M Shah M Gerlach JQ Bhavanandan V Nagaraj V Smith AD Fujiyama K Sommer U Costello CE Olszewski N Joshi L | | Journal: J Plant Physiol Citation: V : 166 P : 219-32 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18639953 Accession (PMID): 18639953 | | Abstract: Mucin-type O-glycosylation has been well characterized in mammalian systems but not in plants .
In this study , the purified alcohol-soluble , non-reduced protein ( prolamin ) fraction from rice seed was investigated for the occurrence of O-linked oligosaccharides .
As storage prolamins are unlikely to be O-glycosylated , any O-glycosylation found was likely to belong to co-extracted proteins , whether because of association with the protein body or solubility .
SDS-PAGE and MS analyses revealed 14 and 16kDa protein families in fractions that bound to the lectins peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) , Vicia villosa lectin ( VVL ) and Jacalin , indicative of the presence of O-linked saccharides .
Enzymatic cleavage , fluorescent labeling and high-performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) analysis demonstrated a peak consistent with Gal-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -GalNAc , with similar MS/MS fragmentation .
Additionally , upon chemical analysis , a GlcNAc-containing O-linked carbohydrate moiety was discovered .
Protein blotting with anti-O-GlcNAc antibody ( clone CTD110 . 6 ) was positive in a subpopulation of the 14kDa alcohol-soluble protein fraction , but a hot capping experiment was negative .
Therefore , the GlcNAc residue in this case is unlikely to be terminal Additionally , a positive reaction with CTD110 . 6mAb can not be taken as absolute proof of O-GlcNAc modification and further confirmatory experiments should be employed .
We hypothesize that O-glycosylation may contribute to protein functionality or regulation .
Further investigation is required to identify the specific proteins with these modifications .
This reverse approach could lead to the identification of proteins involved in mRNA targeting , signaling , translation , anchoring or maintenance of translational quiescence and may be applied to germinating rice seed extracts for further elucidation of protein function and regulation .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Mucin-type O-glycosylation has been well characterized in mammalian systems but not in plants . In this study , the purified alcohol-soluble , non-reduced protein ( prolamin ) fraction from rice seed was investigated for the occurrence of O-linked oligosaccharides . As storage prolamins are unlikely to be O-glycosylated , any O-glycosylation found was likely to belong to co-extracted proteins , whether because of association with the protein body or solubility . SDS-PAGE and MS analyses revealed 14 and 16kDa protein families in fractions that bound to the lectins peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) , Vicia villosa lectin ( VVL ) and Jacalin , indicative of the presence of O-linked saccharides . Enzymatic cleavage , fluorescent labeling and high-performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) analysis demonstrated a peak consistent with Gal-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -GalNAc , with similar MS/MS fragmentation . Additionally , upon chemical analysis , a GlcNAc-containing O-linked carbohydrate moiety was discovered . Protein blotting with anti-O-GlcNAc antibody ( clone CTD110 . 6 ) was positive in a subpopulation of the 14kDa alcohol-soluble protein fraction , but a hot capping experiment was negative . Therefore , the GlcNAc residue in this case is unlikely to be terminal Additionally , a positive reaction with CTD110 . 6mAb can not be taken as absolute proof of O-GlcNAc modification and further confirmatory experiments should be employed .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Continuous flow vapor generation for inductively coupled argon plasma spectrometric analysis .
Part 2 .
Arsenic .
| | Author: Tracy ML Littlefield ES Moller G | | Journal: Citation: V : 74 ( 3 ) P : 516-21 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub1874698 Accession (PMID): 1874698 | | Abstract: Total arsenic is determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission using hydride vapor generation .
A 1 g sample is wet washed in a 16 x 150 mm 10 mL volumetric test tube on a programmed heating block with nitric , sulfuric , and perchloric acids at up to 310 degrees C After treatment with hydrochloric acid and potassium iodide , arsenic is reduced by sodium borohydride to arsine in a simplified continuous flow manifold .
A standard pneumatic nebulizer affects the gas-liquid separation of AsH3 , which is quantified by ICP atomic emission at 193 . 756 nm .
The instrument detection limit for the method has been determined to be 0 . 4 microgram/L For a 10 : 1 dilution of a nominal 1 g sample , the detection limit is 4 micrograms/kg and the linear range is up to 4 mg/kg .
Recoveries from 3 matrixes were 99-104% , with a typical RSD of 2% .
The method has demonstrated statistical control for samples of biological interest and is especially well suited to analysis of small samples . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Total arsenic is determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission using hydride vapor generation . A 1 g sample is wet washed in a 16 x 150 mm 10 mL volumetric test tube on a programmed heating block with nitric , sulfuric , and perchloric acids at up to 310 degrees C After treatment with hydrochloric acid and potassium iodide , arsenic is reduced by sodium borohydride to arsine in a simplified continuous flow manifold . A standard pneumatic nebulizer affects the gas-liquid separation of AsH3 , which is quantified by ICP atomic emission at 193 . 756 nm . The instrument detection limit for the method has been determined to be 0 . 4 microgram/L For a 10 : 1 dilution of a nominal 1 g sample , the detection limit is 4 micrograms/kg and the linear range is up to 4 mg/kg . Recoveries from 3 matrixes were 99-104% , with a typical RSD of 2% . The method has demonstrated statistical control for samples of biological interest and is especially well suited to analysis of small samples .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Diagnosis , staging , and surgical treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma .
| | Author: Kent M Rice D Flores R | | Journal: Curr Treat Options Oncol Citation: V : 9 P : 158-70 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18758965 Accession (PMID): 18758965 | | Abstract: OPINION STATEMENT : The clinical presentation of malignant pleural mesothelioma ( MPM ) is nonspecific .
The process to obtain the correct diagnosis can be challenging and requires a high index of suspicion .
Once the diagnosis is made , there is no universally accepted standard of care and treatment decisions are strongly influenced by physician bias .
Physicians who see few numbers of patients tend to treat based on symptoms alone by drainage of the pleural effusion and talc pleurodesis , while physicians at several tertiary referral centers tend to take an aggressive multimodality approach incorporating surgical resection , chemotherapy , and radiation .
The primary goal of surgery in this setting is the resection of all gross disease .
The choice of operation , extrapleural pneumonectomy ( EPP ) or pleurectomy/decortication ( P/D ) , depends on disease stage , pulmonary function , philosophy of the treating physician , and type of planned adjuvant therapy .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The process to obtain the correct diagnosis can be challenging and requires a high index of suspicion . Once the diagnosis is made , there is no universally accepted standard of care and treatment decisions are strongly influenced by physician bias . Physicians who see few numbers of patients tend to treat based on symptoms alone by drainage of the pleural effusion and talc pleurodesis , while physicians at several tertiary referral centers tend to take an aggressive multimodality approach incorporating surgical resection , chemotherapy , and radiation . The primary goal of surgery in this setting is the resection of all gross disease . The choice of operation , extrapleural pneumonectomy ( EPP ) or pleurectomy/decortication ( P/D ) , depends on disease stage , pulmonary function , philosophy of the treating physician , and type of planned adjuvant therapy .
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Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: Silencing by RNAi of the gene for Pns12 , a viroplasm matrix protein of Rice dwarf virus , results in strong resistance of transgenic rice plants to the virus .
| | Author: Shimizu T Yoshii M Wei T Hirochika H Omura T | | Journal: Plant Biotechnol J Citation: V : 7 P : 24-32 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18761654 Accession (PMID): 18761654 | | Abstract: The non-structural protein Pns12 of Rice dwarf virus is one of the early proteins expressed in cultured insect cells , and it is one of 12 proteins that initiate the formation of the viroplasm , the putative site of viral replication .
Pns4 is also a non-structural protein , visible as minitubules after nucleation of the viroplasm .
We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants .
The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific to the constructs .
The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection .
By contrast , resistance was less apparent in the case of rice plants with Pns4-specific RNAi constructs , and delayed symptoms appeared in some plants of each line .
Our results suggest that interference with the expression of a protein that is critical for viral replication , such as the viroplasm matrix protein Pns12 , might be a practical and effective way to control viral infection in crop plants .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: The non-structural protein Pns12 of Rice dwarf virus is one of the early proteins expressed in cultured insect cells , and it is one of 12 proteins that initiate the formation of the viroplasm , the putative site of viral replication . Pns4 is also a non-structural protein , visible as minitubules after nucleation of the viroplasm . We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants . The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific to the constructs . The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection . By contrast , resistance was less apparent in the case of rice plants with Pns4-specific RNAi constructs , and delayed symptoms appeared in some plants of each line . Our results suggest that interference with the expression of a protein that is critical for viral replication , such as the viroplasm matrix protein Pns12 , might be a practical and effective way to control viral infection in crop plants .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The non-structural protein Pns12 of Rice dwarf virus is one of the early proteins expressed in cultured insect cells , and it is one of 12 proteins that initiate the formation of the viroplasm , the putative site of viral replication . Pns4 is also a non-structural protein , visible as minitubules after nucleation of the viroplasm . We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants . The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific to the constructs . The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The non-structural protein Pns12 of Rice dwarf virus is one of the early proteins expressed in cultured insect cells , and it is one of 12 proteins that initiate the formation of the viroplasm , the putative site of viral replication . Pns4 is also a non-structural protein , visible as minitubules after nucleation of the viroplasm . We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants . The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific to the constructs . The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection . By contrast , resistance was less apparent in the case of rice plants with Pns4-specific RNAi constructs , and delayed symptoms appeared in some plants of each line .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The non-structural protein Pns12 of Rice dwarf virus is one of the early proteins expressed in cultured insect cells , and it is one of 12 proteins that initiate the formation of the viroplasm , the putative site of viral replication . Pns4 is also a non-structural protein , visible as minitubules after nucleation of the viroplasm . We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants . The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific to the constructs . The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection . By contrast , resistance was less apparent in the case of rice plants with Pns4-specific RNAi constructs , and delayed symptoms appeared in some plants of each line . Our results suggest that interference with the expression of a protein that is critical for viral replication , such as the viroplasm matrix protein Pns12 , might be a practical and effective way to control viral infection in crop plants .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pns4 is also a non-structural protein , visible as minitubules after nucleation of the viroplasm . We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants . The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific to the constructs . The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection . By contrast , resistance was less apparent in the case of rice plants with Pns4-specific RNAi constructs , and delayed symptoms appeared in some plants of each line . Our results suggest that interference with the expression of a protein that is critical for viral replication , such as the viroplasm matrix protein Pns12 , might be a practical and effective way to control viral infection in crop plants .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants . The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific to the constructs . The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection . By contrast , resistance was less apparent in the case of rice plants with Pns4-specific RNAi constructs , and delayed symptoms appeared in some plants of each line . Our results suggest that interference with the expression of a protein that is critical for viral replication , such as the viroplasm matrix protein Pns12 , might be a practical and effective way to control viral infection in crop plants .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Strong correlations and magnetic frustration in the high Tc iron pnictides .
| | Author: Si Q Abrahams E | | Journal: Phys Rev Lett Citation: V : 101 P : 076401 Year: 2008 Type: PubMed-not-MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18764559 Accession (PMID): 18764559 | | Abstract: We consider the iron pnictides in terms of a proximity to a Mott insulator .
The superexchange interactions contain competing nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor components .
In the undoped parent compound , these frustrated interactions lead to a two-sublattice collinear antiferromagnet ( each sublattice forming a Neel ordering ) , with a reduced magnitude for the ordered moment .
Electron or hole doping , together with the frustration effect , suppresses the magnetic ordering and allows a superconducting state .
The exchange interactions favor a d-wave superconducting order parameter ; in the notation appropriate for the Fe square lattice , its orbital symmetry is dxy .
A number of existing and future experiments are discussed in light of the theoretical considerations .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: We consider the iron pnictides in terms of a proximity to a Mott insulator . The superexchange interactions contain competing nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor components . In the undoped parent compound , these frustrated interactions lead to a two-sublattice collinear antiferromagnet ( each sublattice forming a Neel ordering ) , with a reduced magnitude for the ordered moment . Electron or hole doping , together with the frustration effect , suppresses the magnetic ordering and allows a superconducting state . The exchange interactions favor a d-wave superconducting order parameter ; in the notation appropriate for the Fe square lattice , its orbital symmetry is dxy .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Neutral invertases in grapevine and comparative analysis with Arabidopsis , poplar and rice .
| | Author: Nonis A Ruperti B Pierasco A Canaguier A Adam-Blondon AF Di Gaspero G Vizzotto G | | Journal: Planta Citation: V : 229 P : 129-42 Year: 2008 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18800225 Accession (PMID): 18800225 | | Abstract: Neutral invertases ( NIs , EC 3 . 2 . 1 . 26 ) cleave sucrose to glucose and fructose .
They are encoded by a small gene family of 9 members in the Arabidopsis genome , 8 in rice , 16 in poplar and 9 in Vitis vinifera ( L ) .
The grapevine NIs were identified in the 8 . 4X genome assembly of the quasi-homozygous line PN40024 .
In addition , alleles of three NIs were sequenced in the heterozygous cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon .
Analyses of sequence variation between alleles , homoeologous and paralogous copies in grapevine and their orthologues in Arabidopsis , poplar and rice are provided .
In grapevine , NIs were classified into four alpha NIs and five beta NIs and subsequently grouped into hierarchical clades using a combination of evidence including amino acid identity , exon/intron structure , rate of synonymous substitutions ( K ( s ) ) and chromosomal distribution .
Estimation of K ( s ) proved the ancient origin of all NIs and the lack of expansion by gene duplication past the event of polyploidisation .
We then focused on transcription analysis of five NIs for which evidence of expression was available from expressed sequence tag databases .
Among these , four NIs consisted of pairs of homoeologous copies , each pair lying on a pair of chromosomes duplicated by polyploidy .
Unequal expression of homoeologous genes was observed by quantitative RT-PCR in leaf , flower , seed and root it issues .
Since NIs might play significant roles in fruit and wine quality , NIs expression was monitored in flesh and skin of Merlot berries and shown in parallel with the suite of changes that accompany fruit ripening , including glucose and fructose accumulation .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Neutral invertases ( NIs , EC 3 . 2 . 1 . 26 ) cleave sucrose to glucose and fructose . They are encoded by a small gene family of 9 members in the Arabidopsis genome , 8 in rice , 16 in poplar and 9 in Vitis vinifera ( L ) . The grapevine NIs were identified in the 8 . 4X genome assembly of the quasi-homozygous line PN40024 . In addition , alleles of three NIs were sequenced in the heterozygous cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon . Analyses of sequence variation between alleles , homoeologous and paralogous copies in grapevine and their orthologues in Arabidopsis , poplar and rice are provided . In grapevine , NIs were classified into four alpha NIs and five beta NIs and subsequently grouped into hierarchical clades using a combination of evidence including amino acid identity , exon/intron structure , rate of synonymous substitutions ( K ( s ) ) and chromosomal distribution . Estimation of K ( s ) proved the ancient origin of all NIs and the lack of expansion by gene duplication past the event of polyploidisation .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: [ Antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria community SFC-2 used for fermentation of air-dried crop straws ] | | Author: Ma J Wang X Gao L Cui Z | | Journal: Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao Citation: V : 48 P : 879-86 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18837364 Accession (PMID): 18837364 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria community SFC-2 in fermented crop straw .
METHODS : Total 13 isolates were obtained from spontaneous fermented rice straw by plating , paper diffusion and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis .
All these strains were used to determine the antibacterial activity of SFC-2 .
RESULTS : ( 1 ) Phylogenetic analysis of the 13 strains based on 16S rDNA gene sequence data indicated that 9 strains belong to Enterobacter cloacae , Klebsiella oxytoca , Bacillus cereus , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Citrobacterfreundii , Klebsiella terrigena and Citrobacter sp . , which were all common pathogens or opportunistic pathogens .
( 2 ) Indicating bacteria selected from the pathogens were used to detect antibacterial activity of SFC-2 cell-free culture supernatant .
The results showed that : SFC-2 community had stronger antibacterial activity than isolated strains from SFC-2 community or man-made communities against indicating bacteria .
( 3 ) Antibacterial activities of seven different cell-free culture supernatants , which were extracted at intervals from the culture of SFC-2 community during 14-48 hours , were no obvious difference , but the content of organic acids were obvious differences during 14-48 hours ; the antibacterial substances were stable after heating and sensitive partly to protease K | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria community SFC-2 in fermented crop straw . METHODS : Total 13 isolates were obtained from spontaneous fermented rice straw by plating , paper diffusion and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis . All these strains were used to determine the antibacterial activity of SFC-2 . RESULTS : ( 1 ) Phylogenetic analysis of the 13 strains based on 16S rDNA gene sequence data indicated that 9 strains belong to Enterobacter cloacae , Klebsiella oxytoca , Bacillus cereus , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Citrobacterfreundii , Klebsiella terrigena and Citrobacter sp . , which were all common pathogens or opportunistic pathogens . ( 2 ) Indicating bacteria selected from the pathogens were used to detect antibacterial activity of SFC-2 cell-free culture supernatant . The results showed that : SFC-2 community had stronger antibacterial activity than isolated strains from SFC-2 community or man-made communities against indicating bacteria . ( 3 ) Antibacterial activities of seven different cell-free culture supernatants , which were extracted at intervals from the culture of SFC-2 community during 14-48 hours , were no obvious difference , but the content of organic acids were obvious differences during 14-48 hours ; the antibacterial substances were stable after heating and sensitive partly to protease K
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| Title: Histologic assessment and prognostic factors of malignant pleural mesothelioma treated with extrapleural pneumonectomy .
| | Author: Arrossi AV Lin E Rice D Moran CA | | Journal: Am J Clin Pathol Citation: V : 130 P : 754-64 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18854268 Accession (PMID): 18854268 | | Abstract: We studied 56 cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma ( MPM ) treated with extrapleural pneumonectomy ( EPP ) .
The slides from the EPP specimens were reviewed , and tumors were classified with the guidance of the World Health Organization classification of pleural tumors .
Agreement between the histologic type from the EPP review and the diagnostic procedure ( DP ) reports was evaluated .
Histologic and clinical parameters were also correlated with clinical outcome .
There was a significant disagreement ( P = . 0001 ) between the histologic type in the DP reports and the EPP specimen review .
The histologic type from the DP was associated with disease-specific survival ( DSS ) ; however , the histologic type from the EPP specimen was not associated with survival Postoperative treatment was associated with DSS and with recurrence-free survival Our study confirms that in many cases , final histopathologic typing of MPM is influenced by complete surgical resection and that initial biopsy should be carefully weighed in the treatment stratification .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: We studied 56 cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma ( MPM ) treated with extrapleural pneumonectomy ( EPP ) . The slides from the EPP specimens were reviewed , and tumors were classified with the guidance of the World Health Organization classification of pleural tumors . Agreement between the histologic type from the EPP review and the diagnostic procedure ( DP ) reports was evaluated . Histologic and clinical parameters were also correlated with clinical outcome . There was a significant disagreement ( P = . 0001 ) between the histologic type in the DP reports and the EPP specimen review .
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| Title: Cardiac autotransplantation for malignant or complex primary left-heart tumors .
| | Author: Blackmon SH Patel AR Bruckner BA Beyer EA Rice DC Vaporciyan AA Wojciechowski Z Correa AM Reardon MJ | | Journal: Tex Heart Inst J Citation: V : 35 P : 296-300 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18941651 Accession (PMID): 18941651 | | Abstract: Malignant or complex benign tumors of the left heart can present a formidable challenge for complete resection , due to anatomic inaccessibility .
Cardiac autotransplantation ( cardiac explantation , ex-vivo tumor resection , reconstruction , and reimplantation ) was introduced for complex benign primary left-heart cardiac tumors by Cooley and for malignant left-heart tumors by Reardon .
Herein , we update our previously reported experience . From April 1998 through July 2008 , 20 patients underwent 21 cardiac autotransplantations for complex left-sided cardiac tumors that were nonresectable by traditional means .
Demographics , tumor histology , operative data , and mortality rates were analyzed .
Follow-up was complete in all patients . Of the 20 patients , 17 had malignant lesions , and 3 had benign disease .
Two patients had left ventricular lesions and the rest had left atrial lesions .
Histology showed 7 malignant fibrous histiocytomas , 5 undifferentiated sarcomas , 3 leiomyosarcomas , 1 malignant osteosarcoma , 1 myxoid sarcoma , 2 paragangliomas , and 1 myxoma .
Fourteen patients had previous resection of their cardiac tumors , and 1 patient had repeat autotransplantation for recurrent disease .
There were no operative deaths in patients undergoing autotransplantation alone ( 0/15 ) , and 3 operative deaths in patients undergoing combined cardiac autotransplantation and pneumonectomy ( 3/6 , 50% ) .
All 3 patients with benign disease survived surgery and are alive without recurrent disease .
Local recurrence occurred in 3/18 patients with malignant disease : 1 underwent successful repeat autotransplantation and 2 are receiving chemotherapy .
The mean survival for all patients with sarcoma is 22 months . Cardiac autotransplantation enables complete resection and accurate reconstruction in many primary malignant and complex benign left-heart tumors .
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[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Follow-up was complete in all patients . Of the 20 patients , 17 had malignant lesions , and 3 had benign disease . Two patients had left ventricular lesions and the rest had left atrial lesions . Histology showed 7 malignant fibrous histiocytomas , 5 undifferentiated sarcomas , 3 leiomyosarcomas , 1 malignant osteosarcoma , 1 myxoid sarcoma , 2 paragangliomas , and 1 myxoma . Fourteen patients had previous resection of their cardiac tumors , and 1 patient had repeat autotransplantation for recurrent disease . There were no operative deaths in patients undergoing autotransplantation alone ( 0/15 ) , and 3 operative deaths in patients undergoing combined cardiac autotransplantation and pneumonectomy ( 3/6 , 50% ) . All 3 patients with benign disease survived surgery and are alive without recurrent disease . Local recurrence occurred in 3/18 patients with malignant disease : 1 underwent successful repeat autotransplantation and 2 are receiving chemotherapy . The mean survival for all patients with sarcoma is 22 months . Cardiac autotransplantation enables complete resection and accurate reconstruction in many primary malignant and complex benign left-heart tumors .
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| Title: Promoting adherence to ventilator management and ventilator weaning protocols .
| | Author: Berutti T Starmer J Johnson KB Patel N Giuse D Wheeler A Rice T | | Journal: AMIA Annu Symp Proc Citation: V : P : 877 Year: 2008 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub18999172 Accession (PMID): 18999172 | | Abstract: Studies have shown that ventilator weaning protocols have resulted in a reduction in duration of mechanical ventilation , ventilatorassociated pneumonia , and the rate of re-intubation when compared to weaning directed by a physician .
This project continuously monitors weaning status and provides feedback on each patients status .
The specific aim of this project is to improve the adherence to ventilator management and ventilator weaning protocols .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Studies have shown that ventilator weaning protocols have resulted in a reduction in duration of mechanical ventilation , ventilatorassociated pneumonia , and the rate of re-intubation when compared to weaning directed by a physician . This project continuously monitors weaning status and provides feedback on each patients status . The specific aim of this project is to improve the adherence to ventilator management and ventilator weaning protocols .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Glucose starvation and acidosis : effect on experimental metastatic potential , DNA content and MTX resistance of murine tumour cells .
| | Author: Schlappack OK Zimmermann A Hill RP .
| | Journal: Br .
J Cancer Citation: V : 64 ( 4 ) P : 663-70 Year: 1991 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub1911214 Accession (PMID): 1911214 | | Abstract: Exposure to oxygen deprivation in vitro has been reported to cause drug resistance in CHO cells ( Rice et al , 1986 ; PNAS 83 , 5978 ) and enhancement of experimental metastatic ( colonisation ) ability of murine tumour cells ( Young et al , 1988 ; PNAS 85 , 9533 ) .
Both these studies also demonstrated the induction of a subpopulation of cells with excess DNA content .
Since the micromilieu in tumours results in exposure of the tumour cells to conditions of acid pH and nutrient deprivation , as well as hypoxia , we have examined the effect of exposure to acidosis ( pH 6 . 5 ) and glucose starvation on drug resistance , cellular DNA content and the experimental metastatic ability of KHT sarcoma and B16F1 melanoma cells .
Cells were exposed to these conditions for 24 and 48 h and tested for resistance to methotrexate ( MTX ) or experimental metastatic ability either immediately following these exposures or after 24 or 48 h of recovery in normal growth medium .
Both cell lines demonstrated an enhancement of colonisation potential , which was most marked when cells were injected after 48 h of exposure followed by a 24 or 48 h recovery period .
Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated an increase in the fraction of KHT cells with excess DNA following both glucose starvation and acidosis we observed only a small increase in MTX resistance following acidic exposure of cells and no change following glucose starvation .
Since both acidosis and glucose starvation are known to induce glucose regulated proteins ( grp ) , a subset of the stress protein family , we studied the effect of treatment with another known inducer , 2-deoxyglucose .
We found that this agent affected the metastatic efficiency of KHT cells in a manner similar to that observed following exposure to glucose starvation and acidosis .
However , further studies are required to establish what role , if any , grp play in this effect .
In conclusion this study shows that transient exposure of murine tumour cells to an acidic or glucose deprived environment can cause progression in terms of metastatic potential | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Exposure to oxygen deprivation in vitro has been reported to cause drug resistance in CHO cells ( Rice et al , 1986 ; PNAS 83 , 5978 ) and enhancement of experimental metastatic ( colonisation ) ability of murine tumour cells ( Young et al , 1988 ; PNAS 85 , 9533 ) . Both these studies also demonstrated the induction of a subpopulation of cells with excess DNA content . Since the micromilieu in tumours results in exposure of the tumour cells to conditions of acid pH and nutrient deprivation , as well as hypoxia , we have examined the effect of exposure to acidosis ( pH 6 . 5 ) and glucose starvation on drug resistance , cellular DNA content and the experimental metastatic ability of KHT sarcoma and B16F1 melanoma cells . Cells were exposed to these conditions for 24 and 48 h and tested for resistance to methotrexate ( MTX ) or experimental metastatic ability either immediately following these exposures or after 24 or 48 h of recovery in normal growth medium . Both cell lines demonstrated an enhancement of colonisation potential , which was most marked when cells were injected after 48 h of exposure followed by a 24 or 48 h recovery period .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: A possible association between aprotinin and improved survival after radical surgery for mesothelioma .
| | Author: Norman PH Thall PF Purugganan RV Riedel BJ Thakar DR Rice DC Huynh L Qiao W Wen S Smythe WR | | Journal: Cancer Citation: V : 115 P : 833-41 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19130460 Accession (PMID): 19130460 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Aprotinin has been used to decrease blood loss with complicated cardiac surgery but has not been investigated in extrapleural pneumonectomy , an operation that does not use cardiopulmonary bypass .
In this prospective , randomized , placebo-controlled , double-blind trial , the authors investigated whether aprotinin decreased blood loss in patients who underwent this operation .
METHODS : After appropriate statistical design and institutional review board approval , eligible patients who were scheduled for extrapleural pneumonectomy were randomized to receive either aprotinin or placebo during the operation .
Blood loss and survival data were obtained from electronic medical records and surgical databases .
RESULTS : Of 20 patients who were enrolled , 16 patients met criteria for blood loss analysis .
Four patients were excluded from the blood loss analysis : Three patients were inoperable because of tumor spread and underwent limited surgery , and 1 patient died intraoperatively because of acute , massive hemorrhage .
The mean blood loss was 769 mL with aprotinin versus 1832 mL with placebo ( P = . 05 ; Wilcoxon test ) .
All 20 patients were included in survival analyses .
All 9 patients who received placebo died .
In contrast , 7 of 11 patients who received aprotinin remained alive at the time of the current report .
Kaplan-Meier survival curves differed significantly between the 2 groups ( P = . 0004 ) .
A Bayesian multivariate survival analysis of 18 patients who had complete data available on 8 prognostic variables indicated a posterior probability of . 99 that aprotinin was beneficial CONCLUSIONS : Aprotinin decreased blood loss .
After accounting for covariate effects , there was a significant comparative benefit with aprotinin in postoperative survival This finding was unexpected and could not be considered conclusive because of the small size of the current study .
A confirmatory study may be warranted .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : Aprotinin has been used to decrease blood loss with complicated cardiac surgery but has not been investigated in extrapleural pneumonectomy , an operation that does not use cardiopulmonary bypass . In this prospective , randomized , placebo-controlled , double-blind trial , the authors investigated whether aprotinin decreased blood loss in patients who underwent this operation . METHODS : After appropriate statistical design and institutional review board approval , eligible patients who were scheduled for extrapleural pneumonectomy were randomized to receive either aprotinin or placebo during the operation . Blood loss and survival data were obtained from electronic medical records and surgical databases . RESULTS : Of 20 patients who were enrolled , 16 patients met criteria for blood loss analysis .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : Aprotinin has been used to decrease blood loss with complicated cardiac surgery but has not been investigated in extrapleural pneumonectomy , an operation that does not use cardiopulmonary bypass . In this prospective , randomized , placebo-controlled , double-blind trial , the authors investigated whether aprotinin decreased blood loss in patients who underwent this operation . METHODS : After appropriate statistical design and institutional review board approval , eligible patients who were scheduled for extrapleural pneumonectomy were randomized to receive either aprotinin or placebo during the operation . Blood loss and survival data were obtained from electronic medical records and surgical databases . RESULTS : Of 20 patients who were enrolled , 16 patients met criteria for blood loss analysis . Four patients were excluded from the blood loss analysis : Three patients were inoperable because of tumor spread and underwent limited surgery , and 1 patient died intraoperatively because of acute , massive hemorrhage . The mean blood loss was 769 mL with aprotinin versus 1832 mL with placebo ( P = . 05 ; Wilcoxon test ) .
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| Title: Characterization of blaKPC-containing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates detected in different institutions in the Eastern USA .
| | Author: Endimiani A Hujer AM Perez F Bethel CR Hujer KM Kroeger J Oethinger M Paterson DL Adams MD Jacobs MR Diekema DJ Hall GS Jenkins SG Rice LB Tenover FC Bonomo RA | | Journal: J Antimicrob Chemother Citation: V : 63 P : 427-37 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19155227 Accession (PMID): 19155227 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : The emergence of bla ( KPC ) -containing Klebsiella pneumoniae ( KPC-Kp ) isolates is attracting significant attention .
Outbreaks in the Eastern USA have created serious treatment and infection control problems .
A comparative multi-institutional analysis of these strains has not yet been performed .
METHODS : We analysed 42 KPC-Kp recovered during 2006-07 from five institutions located in the Eastern USA .
Antimicrobial susceptibility tests , analytical isoelectric focusing ( aIEF ) , PCR and sequencing of bla genes , PFGE and rep-PCR were performed .
Results By in vitro testing , KPC-Kp isolates were highly resistant to all non-carbapenem beta-lactams ( MIC ( 90 ) s >or= 128 mg/L ) .
Among carbapenems , MIC ( 50/90 ) s were 4/64 mg/L for imipenem and meropenem , 4/32 mg/L for doripenem and 8/128 for ertapenem .
Combinations of clavulanate or tazobactam with a carbapenem or cefepime did not significantly lower the MIC values .
Genetic analysis revealed that the isolates possessed the following bla genes : bla ( KPC-2 ) ( 59 . 5% ) , bla ( KPC-3 ) ( 40 . 5% ) , bla ( TEM-1 ) ( 90 . 5% ) , bla ( SHV-11 ) ( 95 . 2% ) and bla ( SHV-12 ) ( 50 . 0% ) . aIEF of crude beta-lactamase extracts from these strains supported our findings , showing beta-lactamases at pIs of 5 . 4 , 7 . 6 and 8 . 2 .
The mean number of beta-lactamases was 3 . 5 ( range 3-5 ) .
PFGE demonstrated that 32 ( 76 . 2% ) isolates were clonally related ( type A ) .
Type A KPC-Kp isolates ( 20 bla ( KPC-2 ) and 12 bla ( KPC-3 ) ) were detected in each of the five institutions . rep-PCR showed patterns consistent with PFGE .
CONCLUSIONS : We demonstrated the complex beta-lactamase background of KPC-Kp isolates that are emerging in multiple centres in the Eastern USA .
The prevalence of a single dominant clone suggests that interstate transmission has occurred .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : The emergence of bla ( KPC ) -containing Klebsiella pneumoniae ( KPC-Kp ) isolates is attracting significant attention . Outbreaks in the Eastern USA have created serious treatment and infection control problems . A comparative multi-institutional analysis of these strains has not yet been performed . METHODS : We analysed 42 KPC-Kp recovered during 2006-07 from five institutions located in the Eastern USA . Antimicrobial susceptibility tests , analytical isoelectric focusing ( aIEF ) , PCR and sequencing of bla genes , PFGE and rep-PCR were performed .
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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: [ Therapeutic trial for promotion of fecal excretion of PCDFs and PCBs by the administration of cholestyramine in Yusho patients ] | | Author: Iida T Hirakawa H Matsueda T Nakagawa R Takenaka S Morita K Narazaki Y Fukamachi K Tokiwa H Takahashi K | | Journal: Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi Citation: V : 82 ( 5 ) P : 317-25 Year: 1991 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub1916604 Accession (PMID): 1916604 | | Abstract: Any effective therapy for elimination of causal agents remaining in Yusho patients was not found until now .
To know the profile of fecal excretion of polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) , the amounts of PCDFs and PCBs in the stool of six Yusho patients with the typical symptoms were determined .
The stool samples of Yusho patients were collected in 1989 .
PCDFs , ie , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran ( TCDF ) , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-heptachlorodibenzofuran ( HpCDF ) and octachlorodibenzofuran ( OCDF ) were detected in all of the samples .
PCDFs found in the stool samples were mostly PnCDF and HxCDFs .
Of PCDFs detected , PnCDF and HxCDFs contributed to 42 +/- 4 . 7% and 43 +/- 5 . 5% as mean +/- SE , respectively .
The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was 720 +/- 490 pg/day and 790 +/- 620 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively .
On the other hand , the fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in normal controls was 32 +/- 13 pg/day and 47 +/- 5 . 2 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively .
The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was about 23 times and 17 times each higher than that in normal controls .
The fecal excretion of PCBs in Yusho patients and normal controls was 400 +/- 430 ng/day and 150 +/- 39 ng/day , respectively , as mean +/- SE .
In order to promote the excretion of these toxic chemicals in the stool of Yusho patients , the patients were continuously administered with cholestyramine , an anion exchange resin , at a dose of 4 g , 3 times a day , for 6 months . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Any effective therapy for elimination of causal agents remaining in Yusho patients was not found until now . To know the profile of fecal excretion of polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) , the amounts of PCDFs and PCBs in the stool of six Yusho patients with the typical symptoms were determined . The stool samples of Yusho patients were collected in 1989 . PCDFs , ie , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran ( TCDF ) , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-heptachlorodibenzofuran ( HpCDF ) and octachlorodibenzofuran ( OCDF ) were detected in all of the samples . PCDFs found in the stool samples were mostly PnCDF and HxCDFs . Of PCDFs detected , PnCDF and HxCDFs contributed to 42 +/- 4 . 7% and 43 +/- 5 . 5% as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was 720 +/- 490 pg/day and 790 +/- 620 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . On the other hand , the fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in normal controls was 32 +/- 13 pg/day and 47 +/- 5 . 2 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Any effective therapy for elimination of causal agents remaining in Yusho patients was not found until now . To know the profile of fecal excretion of polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) , the amounts of PCDFs and PCBs in the stool of six Yusho patients with the typical symptoms were determined . The stool samples of Yusho patients were collected in 1989 . PCDFs , ie , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran ( TCDF ) , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-heptachlorodibenzofuran ( HpCDF ) and octachlorodibenzofuran ( OCDF ) were detected in all of the samples . PCDFs found in the stool samples were mostly PnCDF and HxCDFs . Of PCDFs detected , PnCDF and HxCDFs contributed to 42 +/- 4 . 7% and 43 +/- 5 . 5% as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was 720 +/- 490 pg/day and 790 +/- 620 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . On the other hand , the fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in normal controls was 32 +/- 13 pg/day and 47 +/- 5 . 2 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was about 23 times and 17 times each higher than that in normal controls .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: To know the profile of fecal excretion of polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) , the amounts of PCDFs and PCBs in the stool of six Yusho patients with the typical symptoms were determined . The stool samples of Yusho patients were collected in 1989 . PCDFs , ie , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran ( TCDF ) , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-heptachlorodibenzofuran ( HpCDF ) and octachlorodibenzofuran ( OCDF ) were detected in all of the samples . PCDFs found in the stool samples were mostly PnCDF and HxCDFs . Of PCDFs detected , PnCDF and HxCDFs contributed to 42 +/- 4 . 7% and 43 +/- 5 . 5% as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was 720 +/- 490 pg/day and 790 +/- 620 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . On the other hand , the fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in normal controls was 32 +/- 13 pg/day and 47 +/- 5 . 2 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was about 23 times and 17 times each higher than that in normal controls . The fecal excretion of PCBs in Yusho patients and normal controls was 400 +/- 430 ng/day and 150 +/- 39 ng/day , respectively , as mean +/- SE .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The stool samples of Yusho patients were collected in 1989 . PCDFs , ie , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran ( TCDF ) , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-heptachlorodibenzofuran ( HpCDF ) and octachlorodibenzofuran ( OCDF ) were detected in all of the samples . PCDFs found in the stool samples were mostly PnCDF and HxCDFs . Of PCDFs detected , PnCDF and HxCDFs contributed to 42 +/- 4 . 7% and 43 +/- 5 . 5% as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was 720 +/- 490 pg/day and 790 +/- 620 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . On the other hand , the fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in normal controls was 32 +/- 13 pg/day and 47 +/- 5 . 2 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was about 23 times and 17 times each higher than that in normal controls . The fecal excretion of PCBs in Yusho patients and normal controls was 400 +/- 430 ng/day and 150 +/- 39 ng/day , respectively , as mean +/- SE . In order to promote the excretion of these toxic chemicals in the stool of Yusho patients , the patients were continuously administered with cholestyramine , an anion exchange resin , at a dose of 4 g , 3 times a day , for 6 months . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: PCDFs , ie , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran ( TCDF ) , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 8-heptachlorodibenzofuran ( HpCDF ) and octachlorodibenzofuran ( OCDF ) were detected in all of the samples . PCDFs found in the stool samples were mostly PnCDF and HxCDFs . Of PCDFs detected , PnCDF and HxCDFs contributed to 42 +/- 4 . 7% and 43 +/- 5 . 5% as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was 720 +/- 490 pg/day and 790 +/- 620 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . On the other hand , the fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in normal controls was 32 +/- 13 pg/day and 47 +/- 5 . 2 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was about 23 times and 17 times each higher than that in normal controls . The fecal excretion of PCBs in Yusho patients and normal controls was 400 +/- 430 ng/day and 150 +/- 39 ng/day , respectively , as mean +/- SE . In order to promote the excretion of these toxic chemicals in the stool of Yusho patients , the patients were continuously administered with cholestyramine , an anion exchange resin , at a dose of 4 g , 3 times a day , for 6 months . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: PCDFs found in the stool samples were mostly PnCDF and HxCDFs . Of PCDFs detected , PnCDF and HxCDFs contributed to 42 +/- 4 . 7% and 43 +/- 5 . 5% as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was 720 +/- 490 pg/day and 790 +/- 620 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . On the other hand , the fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in normal controls was 32 +/- 13 pg/day and 47 +/- 5 . 2 pg/day as mean +/- SE , respectively . The fecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs in Yusho patients was about 23 times and 17 times each higher than that in normal controls . The fecal excretion of PCBs in Yusho patients and normal controls was 400 +/- 430 ng/day and 150 +/- 39 ng/day , respectively , as mean +/- SE . In order to promote the excretion of these toxic chemicals in the stool of Yusho patients , the patients were continuously administered with cholestyramine , an anion exchange resin , at a dose of 4 g , 3 times a day , for 6 months . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Assessing noxious effects of dietary exposure to methylmercury , PCBs and Se coexisting in environmentally contaminated rice in male mice .
| | Author: Cheng J Yang Y Ma J Wang W Liu X Sakamoto M Qu Y Shi W | | Journal: Environ Int Citation: V : 35 P : 619-25 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19167073 Accession (PMID): 19167073 | | Abstract: Polychlorinated biphenyls and methylmercury are two of the most ubiquitous environmental contaminants in Guizhou province .
Rice is eaten with almost every meal and provides more calories than any single food in Guizhou province .
The estimated tolerable daily intake of total mercury , MeHg , Se and PCBs from Guizhou contaminated rice by Chinese people showed that MeHg and/or PCBs exceeded the corresponding limits .
The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of exposure to environmental contaminated rice on neurobehavioral development and neurobiological disruptions in mice .
Animals were treated from postnatal day ( PND ) 22 to 91 .
At PND 26-91 days of age , mice were tested for neurobehavioural development and neurochemical level changes .
We showed that dietary exposure to environmentally contaminated rice gave rise to different changes in antioxidants .
Reduced superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activity and excess increased nitric oxide ( NO ) indicated aggravation of oxidative status after long-term dietary intake of Hg and PCBs .
Neurobehavioral derangement in the central nervous system and significant delay in the Morris water maze test response on PND 91 are correlated with the increased of c-fos/c-jun expression levels in the cerebral cortex These results suggest that MeHg neurotoxicity might be a greater hazard than that associated with PCB , but PCB may augment the neurobehavioral deficits caused by increased levels of mercury exposure .
The simultaneous intake of selenium might have a protective effect on Hg accumulation in the body , and vitamin C might protect mice against the toxic effects of PCBs .
However , the protective role of Se and vitamin C is very limited for multiple-agent pollution .
Immediately early genes in the brain response to contaminated rice might be dependent on interaction among NO , NO synthase ( NOS ) , SOD and reduced glutathione ( GSH ) .
We should be alert to mental health problems in human beings when any kind of Hg and PCB-polluted food is consumed .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Polychlorinated biphenyls and methylmercury are two of the most ubiquitous environmental contaminants in Guizhou province . Rice is eaten with almost every meal and provides more calories than any single food in Guizhou province . The estimated tolerable daily intake of total mercury , MeHg , Se and PCBs from Guizhou contaminated rice by Chinese people showed that MeHg and/or PCBs exceeded the corresponding limits . The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of exposure to environmental contaminated rice on neurobehavioral development and neurobiological disruptions in mice . Animals were treated from postnatal day ( PND ) 22 to 91 . At PND 26-91 days of age , mice were tested for neurobehavioural development and neurochemical level changes . We showed that dietary exposure to environmentally contaminated rice gave rise to different changes in antioxidants . Reduced superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activity and excess increased nitric oxide ( NO ) indicated aggravation of oxidative status after long-term dietary intake of Hg and PCBs . Neurobehavioral derangement in the central nervous system and significant delay in the Morris water maze test response on PND 91 are correlated with the increased of c-fos/c-jun expression levels in the cerebral cortex These results suggest that MeHg neurotoxicity might be a greater hazard than that associated with PCB , but PCB may augment the neurobehavioral deficits caused by increased levels of mercury exposure .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice is eaten with almost every meal and provides more calories than any single food in Guizhou province . The estimated tolerable daily intake of total mercury , MeHg , Se and PCBs from Guizhou contaminated rice by Chinese people showed that MeHg and/or PCBs exceeded the corresponding limits . The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of exposure to environmental contaminated rice on neurobehavioral development and neurobiological disruptions in mice . Animals were treated from postnatal day ( PND ) 22 to 91 . At PND 26-91 days of age , mice were tested for neurobehavioural development and neurochemical level changes . We showed that dietary exposure to environmentally contaminated rice gave rise to different changes in antioxidants . Reduced superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activity and excess increased nitric oxide ( NO ) indicated aggravation of oxidative status after long-term dietary intake of Hg and PCBs . Neurobehavioral derangement in the central nervous system and significant delay in the Morris water maze test response on PND 91 are correlated with the increased of c-fos/c-jun expression levels in the cerebral cortex These results suggest that MeHg neurotoxicity might be a greater hazard than that associated with PCB , but PCB may augment the neurobehavioral deficits caused by increased levels of mercury exposure . The simultaneous intake of selenium might have a protective effect on Hg accumulation in the body , and vitamin C might protect mice against the toxic effects of PCBs .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Animals were treated from postnatal day ( PND ) 22 to 91 . At PND 26-91 days of age , mice were tested for neurobehavioural development and neurochemical level changes . We showed that dietary exposure to environmentally contaminated rice gave rise to different changes in antioxidants . Reduced superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activity and excess increased nitric oxide ( NO ) indicated aggravation of oxidative status after long-term dietary intake of Hg and PCBs . Neurobehavioral derangement in the central nervous system and significant delay in the Morris water maze test response on PND 91 are correlated with the increased of c-fos/c-jun expression levels in the cerebral cortex These results suggest that MeHg neurotoxicity might be a greater hazard than that associated with PCB , but PCB may augment the neurobehavioral deficits caused by increased levels of mercury exposure . The simultaneous intake of selenium might have a protective effect on Hg accumulation in the body , and vitamin C might protect mice against the toxic effects of PCBs . However , the protective role of Se and vitamin C is very limited for multiple-agent pollution . Immediately early genes in the brain response to contaminated rice might be dependent on interaction among NO , NO synthase ( NOS ) , SOD and reduced glutathione ( GSH ) . We should be alert to mental health problems in human beings when any kind of Hg and PCB-polluted food is consumed .
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| Title: The pathologists approach to small airways disease .
| | Author: Rice A Nicholson AG | | Journal: Histopathology Citation: V : 54 P : 117-33 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19187181 Accession (PMID): 19187181 | | Abstract: The small airways constitute a significant compartment of the lung , and diseases therein are not uncommon , occurring in a wide variety of diseases , either as a primary bronchiolar disorder or as a component of local or systemic disease affecting multiple anatomical compartments .
Unlike the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias , there is as yet no consensus classification system for bronchiolar disorders , and a multidisciplinary approach to their classification is discussed .
Whereas some conditions show relatively characteristic histological features , others show non-specific or subtle changes that rely on a combination of clinical , radiological and pathological information for accurate final diagnosis .
Furthermore , certain diseases of the small airways have been better characterized recently , and several provisional new entities have also been described , some of these being reviewed here .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The small airways constitute a significant compartment of the lung , and diseases therein are not uncommon , occurring in a wide variety of diseases , either as a primary bronchiolar disorder or as a component of local or systemic disease affecting multiple anatomical compartments . Unlike the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias , there is as yet no consensus classification system for bronchiolar disorders , and a multidisciplinary approach to their classification is discussed . Whereas some conditions show relatively characteristic histological features , others show non-specific or subtle changes that rely on a combination of clinical , radiological and pathological information for accurate final diagnosis . Furthermore , certain diseases of the small airways have been better characterized recently , and several provisional new entities have also been described , some of these being reviewed here .
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| Title: Worldwide esophageal cancer collaboration .
| | Author: Rice TW Rusch VW Apperson-Hansen C Allen MS Chen LQ Hunter JG Kesler KA Law S Lerut TE Reed CE Salo JA Scott WJ Swisher SG Watson TJ Blackstone EH | | Journal: Dis Esophagus Citation: V : 22 P : 1-8 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19196264 Accession (PMID): 19196264 | | Abstract: The aim of this study is to report assemblage of a large multi-institutional international database of esophageal cancer patients , patient and tumor characteristics , and survival of patients undergoing esophagectomy alone and its correlates .
Forty-eight institutions were approached and agreed to participate in a worldwide esophageal cancer collaboration ( WECC ) , and 13 ( Asia , 2 ; Europe , 2 ; North America , 9 ) submitted data as of July 1 , 2007 .
These were used to construct a de-identified database of 7884 esophageal cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy .
Four thousand six hundred and twenty-seven esophagectomy patients had no induction or adjuvant therapy .
Mean age was 62 +/- 11 years , 77% were men , and 33% were Asian .
Mean tumor length was 3 . 3 +/- 2 . 5 cm , and esophageal location was upper in 4 . 1% , middle in 27% , and lower in 69% .
Histopathologic cell type was adenocarcinoma in 60% and squamous cell in 40% .
Histologic grade was G1 in 32% , G2 in 33% , G3 in 35% , and G4 in 0 . 18% . pT classification was pTis in 7 . 3% , pT1 in 23% , pT2 in 16% , pT3 in 51% , and pT4 in 3 . 3% . pN classification was pN0 in 56% and pN1 in 44% .
The number of lymph nodes positive for cancer was 1 in 12% , 2 in 8% , 3 in 5% , and >3 in 18% .
Resection was R0 in 87% , R1 in 11% , and R2 in 3% .
Overall survival was 78 , 42 , and 31% at 1 , 5 , and 10 years , respectively .
Unlike single-institution studies , in this worldwide collaboration , survival progressively decreases and is distinctively stratified by all variables except region of the world .
A worldwide esophageal cancer database has been assembled that overcomes problems of rarity of this cancer .
It reveals that survival progressively ( monotonically ) decreased and was distinctively stratified by all variables except region of the world .
Thus , it forms the basis for data-driven esophageal cancer staging .
More centers are needed and encouraged to join WECC .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 3.00 ]: Four thousand six hundred and twenty-seven esophagectomy patients had no induction or adjuvant therapy . Mean age was 62 +/- 11 years , 77% were men , and 33% were Asian . Mean tumor length was 3 . 3 +/- 2 . 5 cm , and esophageal location was upper in 4 . 1% , middle in 27% , and lower in 69% . Histopathologic cell type was adenocarcinoma in 60% and squamous cell in 40% . Histologic grade was G1 in 32% , G2 in 33% , G3 in 35% , and G4 in 0 . 18% . pT classification was pTis in 7 . 3% , pT1 in 23% , pT2 in 16% , pT3 in 51% , and pT4 in 3 . 3% . pN classification was pN0 in 56% and pN1 in 44% . The number of lymph nodes positive for cancer was 1 in 12% , 2 in 8% , 3 in 5% , and >3 in 18% . Resection was R0 in 87% , R1 in 11% , and R2 in 3% . Overall survival was 78 , 42 , and 31% at 1 , 5 , and 10 years , respectively . Unlike single-institution studies , in this worldwide collaboration , survival progressively decreases and is distinctively stratified by all variables except region of the world .
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| Title: Replication of the recessive STBMS1 locus but with dominant inheritance .
| | Author: Rice A Nsengimana J Simmons IG Toomes C Hoole J Willoughby C Cassidy F Williams GA George ND Sheridan E Young TL Hunter TI Barrett BT Elliott DB Bishop DT Inglehearn CF | | Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Citation: V : P : Year: 2009 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19218600 Accession (PMID): 19218600 | | Abstract: Purpose .
Strabismus is a common eye disorder with a prevalence of 1-4% .
Comitant strabismus accounts for about 75% of all strabismus , yet more is known about the less common , incomitant disorders .
Comitant strabismus is at least partly inherited , but only one recessive genetic susceptibility locus has been identified to date in one family on chromosome 7p .
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of STBMS1 as a cause of primary nonsyndromic comitant esotropia [ PNCE ] .
Methods .
Twelve families were recruited within the UK Hospital Eye Service as children attended for treatment of PNCE .
All consenting individuals were clinically assessed and DNA was sampled .
Chromosome 7 microsatellite markers were genotyped in all twelve families and LOD scores were calculated under recessive and dominant models .
Results .
One family was linked to STBMS1 , three significantly excluded linkage and the remainder were uninformative .
Twenty-six members from three generations of the linked family were analysed further .
Five family members were defined as affected , two with esotropia with an accommodative element , and three who had strabismus surgery and appear to have had an infantile/early-onset esotropia .
A maximum LOD score of 3 . 21 was obtained under a dominant mode of inheritance ; a recessive model gave a LOD score of 1 . 2 .
Conclusions .
This study confirms that PNCE can result from sequence variants in an unknown gene at the STBMS1 locus .
However , this locus accounts for only a proportion of cases and other genetic loci remain to be identified .
In contrast with the previous reported family , the pedigree described in this study is consistent with dominant rather than recessive inheritance at the STBMS1 locus .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Purpose . Strabismus is a common eye disorder with a prevalence of 1-4% . Comitant strabismus accounts for about 75% of all strabismus , yet more is known about the less common , incomitant disorders . Comitant strabismus is at least partly inherited , but only one recessive genetic susceptibility locus has been identified to date in one family on chromosome 7p . The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of STBMS1 as a cause of primary nonsyndromic comitant esotropia [ PNCE ] . Methods . Twelve families were recruited within the UK Hospital Eye Service as children attended for treatment of PNCE . All consenting individuals were clinically assessed and DNA was sampled . Chromosome 7 microsatellite markers were genotyped in all twelve families and LOD scores were calculated under recessive and dominant models .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Comitant strabismus accounts for about 75% of all strabismus , yet more is known about the less common , incomitant disorders . Comitant strabismus is at least partly inherited , but only one recessive genetic susceptibility locus has been identified to date in one family on chromosome 7p . The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of STBMS1 as a cause of primary nonsyndromic comitant esotropia [ PNCE ] . Methods . Twelve families were recruited within the UK Hospital Eye Service as children attended for treatment of PNCE . All consenting individuals were clinically assessed and DNA was sampled . Chromosome 7 microsatellite markers were genotyped in all twelve families and LOD scores were calculated under recessive and dominant models . Results . One family was linked to STBMS1 , three significantly excluded linkage and the remainder were uninformative .
[ Sen. 16, subscore: 1.00 ]: Twenty-six members from three generations of the linked family were analysed further . Five family members were defined as affected , two with esotropia with an accommodative element , and three who had strabismus surgery and appear to have had an infantile/early-onset esotropia . A maximum LOD score of 3 . 21 was obtained under a dominant mode of inheritance ; a recessive model gave a LOD score of 1 . 2 . Conclusions . This study confirms that PNCE can result from sequence variants in an unknown gene at the STBMS1 locus . However , this locus accounts for only a proportion of cases and other genetic loci remain to be identified . In contrast with the previous reported family , the pedigree described in this study is consistent with dominant rather than recessive inheritance at the STBMS1 locus .
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| Title: An investigation of KS-DFT electron densities used in atoms-in-molecules studies of energetic molecules .
| | Author: Yau AD Byrd EF Rice BM | | Journal: J Phys Chem A Citation: V : 113 P : 6166-71 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19361182 Accession (PMID): 19361182 | | Abstract: The atoms-in-molecules ( AIM ) theory has been proposed as a method to understand chemical stability through stationary properties of the electron density .
To assess the applicability of this method for establishing such correlations with various performance and vulnerability properties of energetic materials , we calculated the Kohn-Sham density functional theory ( KS-DFT ) wavefunctions and their subsequent AIM data for representative materials , including hexanitrobenzene ( HNB ) , pentaerythritol tetranitrate ( PETN ) , pentanitroaniline ( PNA ) , 1 , 3 , 5 , 7-tetranitro-1 , 3 , 5 , 7-tetrazocine ( HMX ) , ethylenedinitramine ( EDNA ) , 1 , 1-diamino-2 , 2-dinitroethylene ( FOX-7 ) , 3-nitro-1 , 2 , 4-triazol-5-one ( NTO ) , nitroguanidine ( NQ ) , 1 , 3 , 5-triamino-2 , 4 , 6-trinitrobenzene ( TATB ) , and the TATB dimer using the B3LYP , PBE , and PW91 potentials as well as Hartree-Fock ( HF ) .
For the HNB and HMX molecules and the TATB dimer , the number of critical points in the low-density regions of the density gradient vector field varied , sometimes dramatically , with basis set and potential even at their individually optimized geometries .
Adding ghost atoms in the low-density regions also affected the existence of critical points .
The variation was seen in results generated with three separate AIM software packages , AIMPAC , AIMAll , and InteGriTy .
This inconsistency implies that KS-DFT wave-functions can have significant variation in the topology of the electron density to such an extent that these calculations can not be used to justify the existence or absence of low-density critical points .
Therefore , predictions of the stability of a molecule based solely on properties of low-density bond critical points generated from a single DFT calculation are questionable .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The atoms-in-molecules ( AIM ) theory has been proposed as a method to understand chemical stability through stationary properties of the electron density . To assess the applicability of this method for establishing such correlations with various performance and vulnerability properties of energetic materials , we calculated the Kohn-Sham density functional theory ( KS-DFT ) wavefunctions and their subsequent AIM data for representative materials , including hexanitrobenzene ( HNB ) , pentaerythritol tetranitrate ( PETN ) , pentanitroaniline ( PNA ) , 1 , 3 , 5 , 7-tetranitro-1 , 3 , 5 , 7-tetrazocine ( HMX ) , ethylenedinitramine ( EDNA ) , 1 , 1-diamino-2 , 2-dinitroethylene ( FOX-7 ) , 3-nitro-1 , 2 , 4-triazol-5-one ( NTO ) , nitroguanidine ( NQ ) , 1 , 3 , 5-triamino-2 , 4 , 6-trinitrobenzene ( TATB ) , and the TATB dimer using the B3LYP , PBE , and PW91 potentials as well as Hartree-Fock ( HF ) . For the HNB and HMX molecules and the TATB dimer , the number of critical points in the low-density regions of the density gradient vector field varied , sometimes dramatically , with basis set and potential even at their individually optimized geometries . Adding ghost atoms in the low-density regions also affected the existence of critical points . The variation was seen in results generated with three separate AIM software packages , AIMPAC , AIMAll , and InteGriTy . This inconsistency implies that KS-DFT wave-functions can have significant variation in the topology of the electron density to such an extent that these calculations can not be used to justify the existence or absence of low-density critical points .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Oligomeric structure and functional characterization of the urea transporter from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae .
| | Author: Raunser S Mathai JC Abeyrathne PD Rice AJ Zeidel ML Walz T | | Journal: J Mol Biol Citation: V : 387 P : 619-27 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19361419 Accession (PMID): 19361419 | | Abstract: Urea transporters ( UTs ) facilitate urea permeation across cell membranes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes .
Bacteria use urea as a means to survive in acidic environments and/or as a nitrogen source .
The UT from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae , ApUT , the pathogen that causes porcine pleurisy and pneumonia , was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified .
Analysis of the recombinant protein using cross-linking and blue-native gel electrophoresis established that ApUT is a dimer in detergent solution .
Purified protein was reconstituted into proteoliposomes and urea efflux was measured by stopped-flow fluorometry to determine the urea transport kinetics of ApUT .
The measured urea flux was saturable , could be inhibited by phloretin , and was not affected by pH .
Two-dimensional crystals of the biologically active ApUT show that it is also dimeric in a lipid membrane and provide the first structural information on a member of the UT family .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Urea transporters ( UTs ) facilitate urea permeation across cell membranes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes . Bacteria use urea as a means to survive in acidic environments and/or as a nitrogen source . The UT from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae , ApUT , the pathogen that causes porcine pleurisy and pneumonia , was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified . Analysis of the recombinant protein using cross-linking and blue-native gel electrophoresis established that ApUT is a dimer in detergent solution . Purified protein was reconstituted into proteoliposomes and urea efflux was measured by stopped-flow fluorometry to determine the urea transport kinetics of ApUT . The measured urea flux was saturable , could be inhibited by phloretin , and was not affected by pH . Two-dimensional crystals of the biologically active ApUT show that it is also dimeric in a lipid membrane and provide the first structural information on a member of the UT family .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Mapping QTLs for heading synchrony in a doubled haploid population of rice in two environments .
| | Author: Ma L Yang C Zeng D Cai J Li X Ji Z Xia Y Qian Q Bao J | | Journal: J Genet Genomics Citation: V : 36 P : 297-304 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19447378 Accession (PMID): 19447378 | | Abstract: Simultaneous heading of plants within the same rice variety , also refer to heading synchrony , is an important factor that affects simultaneous ripening of the variety .
Understanding of the genetic basis of heading synchrony may contribute to molecular breeding of rice with simultaneous heading and ripening .
In the present study , a doubled haploid ( DH ) population , derived from a cross between Chunjiang 06 and TN1 was used to analyze quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) for heading synchrony related traits , ie , early heading date ( EHD ) , late heading date ( LHD ) , heading asynchrony ( HAS ) , and tiller number ( PN ) .
A total of 19 QTLs for four traits distributed on nine chromosomes were detected in two environments .
One QTL , qHAS-8 for HAS , explained 27 . 7% of the phenotypic variation , co-located with the QTLs for EHD and LHD , but it was only significant under long-day conditions in Hangzhou , China .
The other three QTLs , qHAS-6 , qHAS-9 , and qHAS-10 , were identified under short-day conditions in Hainan , China , each of which explained about 11% of the phenotypic variation .
Two of them , qHAS-6 and qHAS-9 , were co-located with the QTLs for EHD and LHD .
Two QTLs , qPN-4 and qPN-5 for PN , were detected in Hangzhou , and qPN-5 was also detected in Hainan .
However , none of them was co-located with QTLs for EHD , LHD , and HAS , suggesting that PN and HAS were controlled by different genetic factors .
The results of this study can be useful in marker assisted breeding for improvement of heading synchrony .
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[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Simultaneous heading of plants within the same rice variety , also refer to heading synchrony , is an important factor that affects simultaneous ripening of the variety . Understanding of the genetic basis of heading synchrony may contribute to molecular breeding of rice with simultaneous heading and ripening . In the present study , a doubled haploid ( DH ) population , derived from a cross between Chunjiang 06 and TN1 was used to analyze quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) for heading synchrony related traits , ie , early heading date ( EHD ) , late heading date ( LHD ) , heading asynchrony ( HAS ) , and tiller number ( PN ) . A total of 19 QTLs for four traits distributed on nine chromosomes were detected in two environments . One QTL , qHAS-8 for HAS , explained 27 . 7% of the phenotypic variation , co-located with the QTLs for EHD and LHD , but it was only significant under long-day conditions in Hangzhou , China . The other three QTLs , qHAS-6 , qHAS-9 , and qHAS-10 , were identified under short-day conditions in Hainan , China , each of which explained about 11% of the phenotypic variation . Two of them , qHAS-6 and qHAS-9 , were co-located with the QTLs for EHD and LHD .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: A total of 19 QTLs for four traits distributed on nine chromosomes were detected in two environments . One QTL , qHAS-8 for HAS , explained 27 . 7% of the phenotypic variation , co-located with the QTLs for EHD and LHD , but it was only significant under long-day conditions in Hangzhou , China . The other three QTLs , qHAS-6 , qHAS-9 , and qHAS-10 , were identified under short-day conditions in Hainan , China , each of which explained about 11% of the phenotypic variation . Two of them , qHAS-6 and qHAS-9 , were co-located with the QTLs for EHD and LHD . Two QTLs , qPN-4 and qPN-5 for PN , were detected in Hangzhou , and qPN-5 was also detected in Hainan . However , none of them was co-located with QTLs for EHD , LHD , and HAS , suggesting that PN and HAS were controlled by different genetic factors . The results of this study can be useful in marker assisted breeding for improvement of heading synchrony .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: One QTL , qHAS-8 for HAS , explained 27 . 7% of the phenotypic variation , co-located with the QTLs for EHD and LHD , but it was only significant under long-day conditions in Hangzhou , China . The other three QTLs , qHAS-6 , qHAS-9 , and qHAS-10 , were identified under short-day conditions in Hainan , China , each of which explained about 11% of the phenotypic variation . Two of them , qHAS-6 and qHAS-9 , were co-located with the QTLs for EHD and LHD . Two QTLs , qPN-4 and qPN-5 for PN , were detected in Hangzhou , and qPN-5 was also detected in Hainan . However , none of them was co-located with QTLs for EHD , LHD , and HAS , suggesting that PN and HAS were controlled by different genetic factors . The results of this study can be useful in marker assisted breeding for improvement of heading synchrony .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Oral rehydration solutions in non-cholera diarrhea : a review .
| | Author: Atia AN Buchman AL | | Journal: Am J Gastroenterol Citation: V : 104 P : 2596-604 ; quiz 2605 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19550407 Accession (PMID): 19550407 | | Abstract: The use of oral rehydration solution ( ORS ) has revolutionized the management of acute diarrhea .
The implementation of the standard World Health Organization ORS ( WHO-ORS ) has resulted in decreased mortality associated with acute diarrheal illnesses in children , although in general stool volume and diarrhea durations are not reduced .
Decreased morbidity and mortality have occurred because of improved hydration status .
Decreased morbidity has also been described in adults who used this therapy .
Various modifications to the standard ORS have been derived .
These modifications have included hypo-osmolar or hyperosmolar solutions , use of rice-based ORS , zinc supplementation , and the use of amino acids , including glycine , alanine , and glutamine .
Some of these variations have been successful , some have not , and others are still under investigation .
ORS has been used for travelers diarrhea and to decrease intravenous ( IV ) fluid requirements in patients with short bowel syndrome ( SBS ) who require parenteral nutrition ( PN ) .
This paper reviews the standard WHO-ORS and its mechanism of action , followed by more contemporary reduced osmolarity ORS and rice-based ORS in non-cholera diarrhea .
Various modifications to improve ORS are also discussed .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Decreased morbidity has also been described in adults who used this therapy . Various modifications to the standard ORS have been derived . These modifications have included hypo-osmolar or hyperosmolar solutions , use of rice-based ORS , zinc supplementation , and the use of amino acids , including glycine , alanine , and glutamine . Some of these variations have been successful , some have not , and others are still under investigation . ORS has been used for travelers diarrhea and to decrease intravenous ( IV ) fluid requirements in patients with short bowel syndrome ( SBS ) who require parenteral nutrition ( PN ) . This paper reviews the standard WHO-ORS and its mechanism of action , followed by more contemporary reduced osmolarity ORS and rice-based ORS in non-cholera diarrhea . Various modifications to improve ORS are also discussed .
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| Title: Association of age and survival in patients with gastroesophageal cancer undergoing surgery with or without preoperative therapy .
| | Author: Braiteh F Correa AM Hofstetter WL Rice DC Vaporciyan AA Walsh GL Roth JA Mehran RJ Swisher SG Ajani JA | | Journal: Cancer Citation: V : 115 P : : 4450-8 . Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19562780 Accession (PMID): 19562780 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Meticulous selection of patients for esophageal cancer surgery is critical , because major surgical intervention can cause considerable consequences .
For this study , the authors explored their institutions large surgical experience to examine the impact of age on long-term patient survival and surgical complications .
METHOD : Six hundred consecutive patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgery ( 409 patients received preoperative therapy , and 191 patients underwent surgery first ) were analyzed .
All demographic information ( including American Society of Anesthesiology risk scores ) and therapy-related information was collected retrospectively .
Multiple statistical methods were used to assess survival rates and surgical complications and their correlation with patient age .
Twenty-one patients ( 30-day mortality ) first were excluded ( n = 600 ) and then were included ( n = 621 ) in the analysis .
RESULTS : By using the median age ( 70 years ) in patients older than the median age , univariate analysis demonstrated a higher risk of death with increasing age ( P = . 019 ) .
In multivariate analysis , increasing age was an independent prognosticator of poor overall survival ( P = . 041 ) .
The inclusion of 30-day mortality did not alter the results .
Surgical complications were statistically significantly higher in older patients compared with younger patients in the following categories : aspiration pneumonia , adult respiratory distress syndrome , cardiovascular , neurologic , and miscellaneous complications .
CONCLUSIONS : The data in this study demonstrated that patients aged 70 years .
Age was identified as an important variable in the selection of patients for esophageal cancer surgery .
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[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Twenty-one patients ( 30-day mortality ) first were excluded ( n = 600 ) and then were included ( n = 621 ) in the analysis . RESULTS : By using the median age ( 70 years ) in patients older than the median age , univariate analysis demonstrated a higher risk of death with increasing age ( P = . 019 ) . In multivariate analysis , increasing age was an independent prognosticator of poor overall survival ( P = . 041 ) . The inclusion of 30-day mortality did not alter the results . Surgical complications were statistically significantly higher in older patients compared with younger patients in the following categories : aspiration pneumonia , adult respiratory distress syndrome , cardiovascular , neurologic , and miscellaneous complications . CONCLUSIONS : The data in this study demonstrated that patients aged 70 years . Age was identified as an important variable in the selection of patients for esophageal cancer surgery .
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| Title: Enzymatic characterization and comparison of various poaceae UDP-GlcA 4-epimerase isoforms .
| | Author: Gu X Wages CJ Davis KE Guyett PJ Bar-Peled M | | Journal: J Biochem Citation: V : 146 P : 527-34 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19564155 Accession (PMID): 19564155 | | Abstract: UDP-alpha-d-galacturonic acid ( UDP-GalA ) is a key precursor for the synthesis of various bacterial and plant polysaccharides .
UDP-glucuronic acid 4-epimerase ( UGlcAE ) catalyses the reversible conversion of UDP-alpha-d-glucuronic acid to UDP-GalA .
UGlcAEs isolated from bacterial species have different biochemical properties when compared with the isoenzymes from the plant dicot species , Arabidopsis .
However , little is known about the specificity of UGlcAE in Poaceae species .
Therefore , we cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli several maize and rice UGlcAE genes , and compared their enzymatic properties with dicot homologs from Arabidopsis .
Our data show that UGlcAE isoforms in different plant species have different enzymatic properties .
For example , the Poaceae UGlcAE enzymes from rice and maize have significantly lower K ( i ) for UDP-xylose when compared with the Arabidopsis enzymes .
The epimerases from different plant species are very specific and unlike their bacterial homolog in Klebsiella pneumoniae , can only use UDP-GlcA or UDP-GalA as their substrate .
This study demonstrates that although members of the plant UGlcAE isoforms are highly conserved , the in vitro enzymatic activity of specific Poaceae isoform ( s ) may be regulated differently by specific nucleotide or nucleotide sugar .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: However , little is known about the specificity of UGlcAE in Poaceae species . Therefore , we cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli several maize and rice UGlcAE genes , and compared their enzymatic properties with dicot homologs from Arabidopsis . Our data show that UGlcAE isoforms in different plant species have different enzymatic properties . For example , the Poaceae UGlcAE enzymes from rice and maize have significantly lower K ( i ) for UDP-xylose when compared with the Arabidopsis enzymes . The epimerases from different plant species are very specific and unlike their bacterial homolog in Klebsiella pneumoniae , can only use UDP-GlcA or UDP-GalA as their substrate . This study demonstrates that although members of the plant UGlcAE isoforms are highly conserved , the in vitro enzymatic activity of specific Poaceae isoform ( s ) may be regulated differently by specific nucleotide or nucleotide sugar .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: The effect of salinity on morphological characteristics of seven rice ( Oryza sativa ) genotypes differing in salt tolerance .
| | Author: Razzaque MA Talukder NM Islam MS Bhadra AK Dutta RK | | Journal: Pak J Biol Sci Citation: V : 12 P : 406-12 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19579979 Accession (PMID): 19579979 | | Abstract: The effect of salinity on morphological characters of salt tolerant genotypes PVSB9 , PVSB19 , PNR381 , PNR519 , Iratom24 and salt sensitive genotype NS15 along with one standard check salt tolerant rice cultivar Pokkali were assessed in two factors Completely Randomized Design with four replications .
Seven rice genotypes in combination with six levels of salinity ( 0 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 12 and 15 dS m ( -1 ) ) were randomly assigned in 168 experimental plastic pots .
The different morphological characters studied include plant height , total number of tillers , Root Dry Weight ( RDW ) , Shoot Dry Weight ( SDW ) and Total Dry Matter ( TDM ) content of the selected rice genotypes in view to evaluate their response at different salinity levels .
The results on the effect of morphological characters indicated that plant height , total tillers , root , shoot and total dry matter were significantly decreased by the application of salinity .
The genotypes Pokkali , PVSB9 , PVSB19 showed significantly higher values and the lowest value of all these characters were recorded in NS15 .
A sharp decrease in percent relative-plant height , RDW , SDW , TDM , total tillers were found in susceptible genotype NS 15 after 3 dS m ( -1 ) level of salinity , but these characters were found to decrease slowly in tolerant genotypes .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: The effect of salinity on morphological characters of salt tolerant genotypes PVSB9 , PVSB19 , PNR381 , PNR519 , Iratom24 and salt sensitive genotype NS15 along with one standard check salt tolerant rice cultivar Pokkali were assessed in two factors Completely Randomized Design with four replications . Seven rice genotypes in combination with six levels of salinity ( 0 , 3 , 6 , 9 , 12 and 15 dS m ( -1 ) ) were randomly assigned in 168 experimental plastic pots . The different morphological characters studied include plant height , total number of tillers , Root Dry Weight ( RDW ) , Shoot Dry Weight ( SDW ) and Total Dry Matter ( TDM ) content of the selected rice genotypes in view to evaluate their response at different salinity levels . The results on the effect of morphological characters indicated that plant height , total tillers , root , shoot and total dry matter were significantly decreased by the application of salinity . The genotypes Pokkali , PVSB9 , PVSB19 showed significantly higher values and the lowest value of all these characters were recorded in NS15 .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Structural and enzymatic characterization of Os3BGlu6 , a rice beta-glucosidase hydrolyzing hydrophobic glycosides and ( 1->3 ) - and ( 1->2 ) -linked disaccharides .
| | Author: Seshadri S Akiyama T Opassiri R Kuaprasert B Cairns JK | | Journal: Plant Physiol Citation: V : 151 P : 47-58 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19587102 Accession (PMID): 19587102 | | Abstract: Glycoside hydrolase family 1 ( GH1 ) beta-glucosidases play roles in many processes in plants , such as chemical defense , alkaloid metabolism , hydrolysis of cell wall-derived oligosaccharides , phytohormone regulation , and lignification .
However , the functions of most of the 34 GH1 gene products in rice ( Oryza sativa ) are unknown .
Os3BGlu6 , a rice beta-glucosidase representing a previously uncharacterized phylogenetic cluster of GH1 , was produced in recombinant Escherichia coli .
Os3BGlu6 hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) -beta-d-fucoside ( k ( cat ) /K ( m ) = 67 mm ( -1 ) s ( -1 ) ) , pNP-beta-d-glucoside ( k ( cat ) /K ( m ) = 6 . 2 mm ( -1 ) s ( -1 ) ) , and pNP-beta-d-galactoside ( k ( cat ) /K ( m ) = 1 . 6 mm ( -1 ) s ( -1 ) ) efficiently but had little activity toward other pNP glycosides .
It also had high activity toward n-octyl-beta-d-glucoside and beta- ( 1-->3 ) - and beta- ( 1-->2 ) -linked disaccharides and was able to hydrolyze apigenin beta-glucoside and several other natural glycosides .
Crystal structures of Os3BGlu6 and its complexes with a covalent intermediate , 2-deoxy-2-fluoroglucoside , and a nonhydrolyzable substrate analog , n-octyl-beta-d-thioglucopyranoside , were solved at 1 . 83 , 1 . 81 , and 1 . 80 A resolution , respectively .
The position of the covalently trapped 2-F-glucosyl residue in the enzyme was similar to that in a 2-F-glucosyl intermediate complex of Os3BGlu7 ( rice BGlu1 ) .
The side chain of methionine-251 in the mouth of the active site appeared to block the binding of extended beta- ( 1-->4 ) -linked oligosaccharides and interact with the hydrophobic aglycone of n-octyl-beta-d-thioglucopyranoside .
This correlates with the preference of Os3BGlu6 for short oligosaccharides and hydrophobic glycosides .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 4.00 ]: Glycoside hydrolase family 1 ( GH1 ) beta-glucosidases play roles in many processes in plants , such as chemical defense , alkaloid metabolism , hydrolysis of cell wall-derived oligosaccharides , phytohormone regulation , and lignification . However , the functions of most of the 34 GH1 gene products in rice ( Oryza sativa ) are unknown . Os3BGlu6 , a rice beta-glucosidase representing a previously uncharacterized phylogenetic cluster of GH1 , was produced in recombinant Escherichia coli . Os3BGlu6 hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) -beta-d-fucoside ( k ( cat ) /K ( m ) = 67 mm ( -1 ) s ( -1 ) ) , pNP-beta-d-glucoside ( k ( cat ) /K ( m ) = 6 . 2 mm ( -1 ) s ( -1 ) ) , and pNP-beta-d-galactoside ( k ( cat ) /K ( m ) = 1 . 6 mm ( -1 ) s ( -1 ) ) efficiently but had little activity toward other pNP glycosides . It also had high activity toward n-octyl-beta-d-glucoside and beta- ( 1-->3 ) - and beta- ( 1-->2 ) -linked disaccharides and was able to hydrolyze apigenin beta-glucoside and several other natural glycosides . Crystal structures of Os3BGlu6 and its complexes with a covalent intermediate , 2-deoxy-2-fluoroglucoside , and a nonhydrolyzable substrate analog , n-octyl-beta-d-thioglucopyranoside , were solved at 1 . 83 , 1 . 81 , and 1 . 80 A resolution , respectively . The position of the covalently trapped 2-F-glucosyl residue in the enzyme was similar to that in a 2-F-glucosyl intermediate complex of Os3BGlu7 ( rice BGlu1 ) . The side chain of methionine-251 in the mouth of the active site appeared to block the binding of extended beta- ( 1-->4 ) -linked oligosaccharides and interact with the hydrophobic aglycone of n-octyl-beta-d-thioglucopyranoside .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: A comparison of two stereotactic body radiation fractionation schedules for medically inoperable stage I non-small cell lung cancer : the Cleveland Clinic experience .
| | Author: Stephans KL Djemil T Reddy CA Gajdos SM Kolar M Mason D Murthy S Rice TW Mazzone P Machuzak M Mekhail T Videtic GM | | Journal: J Thorac Oncol Citation: V : 4 P : 976-82 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19633473 Accession (PMID): 19633473 | | Abstract: PURPOSE : To assess the impact of fractionation upon tumor control and toxicity in medically inoperable early stage lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy .
METHODS : We reviewed 94 consecutive stereotactic body radiotherapy treatments ( 86 patients ) with medically inoperable stage I non-small cell lung cancer receiving either 50 Gy in five fractions ( n = 56 ) or 60 Gy in three fractions ( n = 38 ) from October 2003 to August 2007 .
Institutional practice was 10 Gy x 5 before March 1 , 2006 , when it changed to 20 Gy x 3 to conform to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0236 unless otherwise dictated clinically .
RESULTS : Median age was 73 years and median Karnofsky performance status 80 .
A total of 69 lesions were T1 , 24 were T2 lung cancer .
Median follow-up was 15 . 3 months .
For the 50 and 60-Gy cohorts at 1 year , local control was 97 . 3% versus 100% , nodal failure 7 . 3% versus 3 . 4% , distant metastasis rate 21 . 8% versus 29 . 5% , and overall survival 83 . 1% versus 76 . 9% ( p = 0 . 68 , 0 . 54 , 0 . 56 , and 0 . 54 , respectively ) .
There was no difference in overall survival for patients with histologic ( n = 61 ) compared with radiographic ( n = 33 ) diagnosis .
There was no impact of fractionation in the subset of T2 tumors .
We observed two cases ( 2 . 2% ) of clinical grade 2 pneumonitis .
Mild late chest wall toxicity ( grade 1 or 2 ) was seen in nine patients ( 10% ) at a median of 8 . 4 months after treatment and was more common in the 60-Gy group ( 7 of 38 [ 18% ] versus 2 of 56 [ 4% ] , p = 0 . 028 ) .
CONCLUSIONS : Local control , overall survival , nodal failure , and distant failure were not affected by fractionation .
Chest wall toxicity was more common with 60-Gy group .
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[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Median follow-up was 15 . 3 months . For the 50 and 60-Gy cohorts at 1 year , local control was 97 . 3% versus 100% , nodal failure 7 . 3% versus 3 . 4% , distant metastasis rate 21 . 8% versus 29 . 5% , and overall survival 83 . 1% versus 76 . 9% ( p = 0 . 68 , 0 . 54 , 0 . 56 , and 0 . 54 , respectively ) . There was no difference in overall survival for patients with histologic ( n = 61 ) compared with radiographic ( n = 33 ) diagnosis . There was no impact of fractionation in the subset of T2 tumors . We observed two cases ( 2 . 2% ) of clinical grade 2 pneumonitis . Mild late chest wall toxicity ( grade 1 or 2 ) was seen in nine patients ( 10% ) at a median of 8 . 4 months after treatment and was more common in the 60-Gy group ( 7 of 38 [ 18% ] versus 2 of 56 [ 4% ] , p = 0 . 028 ) . CONCLUSIONS : Local control , overall survival , nodal failure , and distant failure were not affected by fractionation . Chest wall toxicity was more common with 60-Gy group .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Association of Rice gall dwarf virus with microtubules is necessary for viral release from cultured insect vector cells .
| | Author: Wei T Uehara-Ichiki T Miyazaki N Hibino H Iwasaki K Omura T | | Journal: J Virol Citation: V : 83 P : 10830-5 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19640979 Accession (PMID): 19640979 | | Abstract: Vector insect cells infected with Rice gall dwarf virus , a member of the family Reoviridae , contained the virus-associated microtubules adjacent to the viroplasms , as revealed by transmission electron , electron tomographic , and confocal microscopy .
The viroplasms , putative sites of viral replication , contained the nonstructural viral proteins Pns7 and Pns12 , as well as core protein P5 , of the virus .
Microtubule-depolymerizing drugs suppressed the association of viral particles with microtubules and prevented the release of viruses from cells without significantly affecting viral multiplication .
Thus , microtubules appear to mediate viral transport within and release of viruses from infected vector cells .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: Vector insect cells infected with Rice gall dwarf virus , a member of the family Reoviridae , contained the virus-associated microtubules adjacent to the viroplasms , as revealed by transmission electron , electron tomographic , and confocal microscopy . The viroplasms , putative sites of viral replication , contained the nonstructural viral proteins Pns7 and Pns12 , as well as core protein P5 , of the virus . Microtubule-depolymerizing drugs suppressed the association of viral particles with microtubules and prevented the release of viruses from cells without significantly affecting viral multiplication . Thus , microtubules appear to mediate viral transport within and release of viruses from infected vector cells .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection during pregnancy in the USA .
| | Author: Jamieson DJ Honein MA Rasmussen SA Williams JL Swerdlow DL Biggerstaff MS Lindstrom S Louie JK Christ CM Bohm SR Fonseca VP Ritger KA Kuhles DJ Eggers P Bruce H Davidson HA Lutterloh E Harris ML Burke C Cocoros N Finelli L MacFarlane KF Shu B Olsen SJ | | Journal: Lancet Citation: V : 374 P : 451-8 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19643469 Accession (PMID): 19643469 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus has been identified as the cause of a widespread outbreak of febrile respiratory infection in the USA and worldwide .
We summarised cases of infection with pandemic H1N1 virus in pregnant women identified in the USA during the first month of the present outbreak , and deaths associated with this virus during the first 2 months of the outbreak .
METHODS : After initial reports of infection in pregnant women , the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) began systematically collecting additional information about cases and deaths in pregnant women in the USA with pandemic H1N1 virus infection as part of enhanced surveillance .
A confirmed case was defined as an acute respiratory illness with laboratory-confirmed pandemic H1N1 virus infection by real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR or viral culture ; a probable case was defined as a person with an acute febrile respiratory illness who was positive for influenza A , but negative for H1 and H3 .
We used population estimates derived from the 2007 census data to calculate rates of admission to hospital and illness .
FINDINGS : From April 15 to May 18 , 2009 , 34 confirmed or probable cases of pandemic H1N1 in pregnant women were reported to CDC from 13 states .
11 ( 32% ) women were admitted to hospital The estimated rate of admission for pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection in pregnant women during the first month of the outbreak was higher than it was in the general population ( 0 . 32 per 100 000 pregnant women , 95% CI 0 . 13-0 . 52 vs 0 . 076 per 100 000 population at risk , 95% CI 0 . 07-0 . 09 ) .
Between April 15 and June 16 , 2009 , six deaths in pregnant women were reported to the CDC ; all were in women who had developed pneumonia and subsequent acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation .
INTERPRETATION : Pregnant women might be at increased risk for complications from pandemic H1N1 virus infection .
These data lend support to the present recommendation to promptly treat pregnant women with H1N1 influenza virus infection with anti-influenza drugs .
FUNDING : US CDC .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: A confirmed case was defined as an acute respiratory illness with laboratory-confirmed pandemic H1N1 virus infection by real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR or viral culture ; a probable case was defined as a person with an acute febrile respiratory illness who was positive for influenza A , but negative for H1 and H3 . We used population estimates derived from the 2007 census data to calculate rates of admission to hospital and illness . FINDINGS : From April 15 to May 18 , 2009 , 34 confirmed or probable cases of pandemic H1N1 in pregnant women were reported to CDC from 13 states . 11 ( 32% ) women were admitted to hospital The estimated rate of admission for pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection in pregnant women during the first month of the outbreak was higher than it was in the general population ( 0 . 32 per 100 000 pregnant women , 95% CI 0 . 13-0 . 52 vs 0 . 076 per 100 000 population at risk , 95% CI 0 . 07-0 . 09 ) . Between April 15 and June 16 , 2009 , six deaths in pregnant women were reported to the CDC ; all were in women who had developed pneumonia and subsequent acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation . INTERPRETATION : Pregnant women might be at increased risk for complications from pandemic H1N1 virus infection . These data lend support to the present recommendation to promptly treat pregnant women with H1N1 influenza virus infection with anti-influenza drugs . FUNDING : US CDC .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Synthesis of polyaniline nano-objects using poly ( vinyl alcohol ) - , poly ( ethylene oxide ) - , and poly [ ( N-vinyl pyrrolidone ) -co- ( vinyl alcohol ) ] -based reactive stabilizers .
| | Author: Mumtaz M Labrugere C Cloutet E Cramail H | | Journal: Langmuir Citation: V : 25 P : 13569-80 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19702249 Accession (PMID): 19702249 | | Abstract: Well-defined polyaniline ( PANI ) nano-objects ( eg , spheres , peanuts , rice grains , corals , and fibers ) were prepared by aniline dispersion polymerization in aqueous media in the presence of various reactive polymer stabilizers ( ie , poly ( ethylene oxide ) ( PEO ) , poly ( vinyl alcohol ) ( PVA ) , and poly [ ( N-vinyl pyrrolidone ) -co- ( vinyl alcohol ) ] ( PNVP-co-PVA ) ) .
It was found that the shape , size , and conductivity of resulting PANI nanostructures depended on the acidic conditions along with the nature , molecular weight , and functionality of the reactive stabilizer .
PANI samples were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS ) , dynamic scanning calorimetry ( DSC ) , thermogravimetric analysis ( TGA ) , UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy , transmission electron microscopy ( TEM ) , atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) , and conductivity measurements .
PANI samples show conductivities between 5 x 10 ( -3 ) to 5 x 10 ( -1 ) S/cm depending upon the experimental conditions .
The best conductivities were obtained when aniline was polymerized in a mixture of DMSO and water ( 2 : 3 ) in the presence of PEO or PNVP-co-PVA-based reactive stabilizers .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Well-defined polyaniline ( PANI ) nano-objects ( eg , spheres , peanuts , rice grains , corals , and fibers ) were prepared by aniline dispersion polymerization in aqueous media in the presence of various reactive polymer stabilizers ( ie , poly ( ethylene oxide ) ( PEO ) , poly ( vinyl alcohol ) ( PVA ) , and poly [ ( N-vinyl pyrrolidone ) -co- ( vinyl alcohol ) ] ( PNVP-co-PVA ) ) . It was found that the shape , size , and conductivity of resulting PANI nanostructures depended on the acidic conditions along with the nature , molecular weight , and functionality of the reactive stabilizer . PANI samples were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS ) , dynamic scanning calorimetry ( DSC ) , thermogravimetric analysis ( TGA ) , UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy , transmission electron microscopy ( TEM ) , atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) , and conductivity measurements . PANI samples show conductivities between 5 x 10 ( -3 ) to 5 x 10 ( -1 ) S/cm depending upon the experimental conditions . The best conductivities were obtained when aniline was polymerized in a mixture of DMSO and water ( 2 : 3 ) in the presence of PEO or PNVP-co-PVA-based reactive stabilizers .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Well-defined polyaniline ( PANI ) nano-objects ( eg , spheres , peanuts , rice grains , corals , and fibers ) were prepared by aniline dispersion polymerization in aqueous media in the presence of various reactive polymer stabilizers ( ie , poly ( ethylene oxide ) ( PEO ) , poly ( vinyl alcohol ) ( PVA ) , and poly [ ( N-vinyl pyrrolidone ) -co- ( vinyl alcohol ) ] ( PNVP-co-PVA ) ) . It was found that the shape , size , and conductivity of resulting PANI nanostructures depended on the acidic conditions along with the nature , molecular weight , and functionality of the reactive stabilizer . PANI samples were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS ) , dynamic scanning calorimetry ( DSC ) , thermogravimetric analysis ( TGA ) , UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy , transmission electron microscopy ( TEM ) , atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) , and conductivity measurements . PANI samples show conductivities between 5 x 10 ( -3 ) to 5 x 10 ( -1 ) S/cm depending upon the experimental conditions . The best conductivities were obtained when aniline was polymerized in a mixture of DMSO and water ( 2 : 3 ) in the presence of PEO or PNVP-co-PVA-based reactive stabilizers .
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Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: Mortality from infectious pneumonia in metal workers : a comparison with deaths from asthma in occupations exposed to respiratory sensitisers .
| | Author: Palmer KT Cullinan P Rice S Brown T Coggon D | | Journal: Thorax Citation: V : 64 P : 983-6 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19703831 Accession (PMID): 19703831 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : National analyses of mortality in England and Wales have repeatedly shown excess deaths from pneumonia in welders .
During 1979-90 the excess was attributable largely to deaths from lobar pneumonia and pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia , limited to men of working age and apparent in other occupations with exposure to metal fumes .
The findings for 1991-2000 were assessed and compared with the mortality pattern from asthma in occupations exposed to known respiratory sensitisers .
METHODS : The Office of National Statistics supplied data on deaths by underlying cause among men aged 16-74 years in England and Wales during 1991-2000 , including age and last held occupation .
Data were abstracted on pneumonia for occupations with exposure to metal fumes and on asthma for occupations commonly reported to surveillance schemes as at risk of occupational asthma .
The expected numbers of deaths were estimated by applying age-specific proportions of deaths by cause in the population to the total deaths by age in each occupational group .
Observed and expected numbers were compared for each cause of death .
RESULTS : Among men of working age in occupations with exposure to metal fumes there was excess mortality from pneumococcal and lobar pneumonia ( 54 deaths vs 27 . 3 expected ) and from pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia ( 71 vs 52 . 4 ) , but no excess from these causes at older ages or from bronchopneumonia at any age .
The attributable mortality from metal fume exposure was 45 . 3 excess deaths compared with an estimated 62 . 6 deaths from occupational asthma .
CONCLUSION : Exposure to metal fumes is a material cause of occupational mortality .
The hazard deserves far more attention than it presently receives .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 3.00 ]: METHODS : The Office of National Statistics supplied data on deaths by underlying cause among men aged 16-74 years in England and Wales during 1991-2000 , including age and last held occupation . Data were abstracted on pneumonia for occupations with exposure to metal fumes and on asthma for occupations commonly reported to surveillance schemes as at risk of occupational asthma . The expected numbers of deaths were estimated by applying age-specific proportions of deaths by cause in the population to the total deaths by age in each occupational group . Observed and expected numbers were compared for each cause of death . RESULTS : Among men of working age in occupations with exposure to metal fumes there was excess mortality from pneumococcal and lobar pneumonia ( 54 deaths vs 27 . 3 expected ) and from pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia ( 71 vs 52 . 4 ) , but no excess from these causes at older ages or from bronchopneumonia at any age . The attributable mortality from metal fume exposure was 45 . 3 excess deaths compared with an estimated 62 . 6 deaths from occupational asthma . CONCLUSION : Exposure to metal fumes is a material cause of occupational mortality . The hazard deserves far more attention than it presently receives .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: BACKGROUND : National analyses of mortality in England and Wales have repeatedly shown excess deaths from pneumonia in welders . During 1979-90 the excess was attributable largely to deaths from lobar pneumonia and pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia , limited to men of working age and apparent in other occupations with exposure to metal fumes . The findings for 1991-2000 were assessed and compared with the mortality pattern from asthma in occupations exposed to known respiratory sensitisers . METHODS : The Office of National Statistics supplied data on deaths by underlying cause among men aged 16-74 years in England and Wales during 1991-2000 , including age and last held occupation . Data were abstracted on pneumonia for occupations with exposure to metal fumes and on asthma for occupations commonly reported to surveillance schemes as at risk of occupational asthma . The expected numbers of deaths were estimated by applying age-specific proportions of deaths by cause in the population to the total deaths by age in each occupational group .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : National analyses of mortality in England and Wales have repeatedly shown excess deaths from pneumonia in welders . During 1979-90 the excess was attributable largely to deaths from lobar pneumonia and pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia , limited to men of working age and apparent in other occupations with exposure to metal fumes . The findings for 1991-2000 were assessed and compared with the mortality pattern from asthma in occupations exposed to known respiratory sensitisers . METHODS : The Office of National Statistics supplied data on deaths by underlying cause among men aged 16-74 years in England and Wales during 1991-2000 , including age and last held occupation . Data were abstracted on pneumonia for occupations with exposure to metal fumes and on asthma for occupations commonly reported to surveillance schemes as at risk of occupational asthma .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : National analyses of mortality in England and Wales have repeatedly shown excess deaths from pneumonia in welders . During 1979-90 the excess was attributable largely to deaths from lobar pneumonia and pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia , limited to men of working age and apparent in other occupations with exposure to metal fumes . The findings for 1991-2000 were assessed and compared with the mortality pattern from asthma in occupations exposed to known respiratory sensitisers . METHODS : The Office of National Statistics supplied data on deaths by underlying cause among men aged 16-74 years in England and Wales during 1991-2000 , including age and last held occupation . Data were abstracted on pneumonia for occupations with exposure to metal fumes and on asthma for occupations commonly reported to surveillance schemes as at risk of occupational asthma . The expected numbers of deaths were estimated by applying age-specific proportions of deaths by cause in the population to the total deaths by age in each occupational group . Observed and expected numbers were compared for each cause of death . RESULTS : Among men of working age in occupations with exposure to metal fumes there was excess mortality from pneumococcal and lobar pneumonia ( 54 deaths vs 27 . 3 expected ) and from pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia ( 71 vs 52 . 4 ) , but no excess from these causes at older ages or from bronchopneumonia at any age . The attributable mortality from metal fume exposure was 45 . 3 excess deaths compared with an estimated 62 . 6 deaths from occupational asthma .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: The clinical consequences of antimicrobial resistance .
| | Author: Rice LB | | Journal: Curr Opin Microbiol Citation: V : 12 P : 476-81 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19716760 Accession (PMID): 19716760 | | Abstract: The continued evolution of antimicrobial resistance in the hospital and more recently in the community threatens to seriously compromise our ability to treat serious infections .
The major success of the seven-valent Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine at reducing both infection and resistance has been followed by the emergence of previously minor serotypes that express multiresistance .
The almost universal activity of cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones against community Escherichia coli strains has been compromised by the spread of CTX-M beta-lactamase-producing , fluoroquinolone-resistant strains , and the emergence of community-onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , particularly in the United States , has forced us to re-think our empirical treatment guidelines for skin and soft-tissue infections .
Finally , our most potent and reliable class of antibiotics , the carbapenems , is compromised by the growth , primarily in intensive care units , of multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae , Acinetobacter baumanni , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
The lack of a robust pipeline of new agents , particularly against resistant Gram-negative bacteria , emphasizes the importance of optimizing our use of current antimicrobials and promoting strict adherence to established infection control practices .
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[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The continued evolution of antimicrobial resistance in the hospital and more recently in the community threatens to seriously compromise our ability to treat serious infections . The major success of the seven-valent Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine at reducing both infection and resistance has been followed by the emergence of previously minor serotypes that express multiresistance . The almost universal activity of cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones against community Escherichia coli strains has been compromised by the spread of CTX-M beta-lactamase-producing , fluoroquinolone-resistant strains , and the emergence of community-onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , particularly in the United States , has forced us to re-think our empirical treatment guidelines for skin and soft-tissue infections . Finally , our most potent and reliable class of antibiotics , the carbapenems , is compromised by the growth , primarily in intensive care units , of multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae , Acinetobacter baumanni , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The lack of a robust pipeline of new agents , particularly against resistant Gram-negative bacteria , emphasizes the importance of optimizing our use of current antimicrobials and promoting strict adherence to established infection control practices .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The continued evolution of antimicrobial resistance in the hospital and more recently in the community threatens to seriously compromise our ability to treat serious infections . The major success of the seven-valent Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine at reducing both infection and resistance has been followed by the emergence of previously minor serotypes that express multiresistance . The almost universal activity of cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones against community Escherichia coli strains has been compromised by the spread of CTX-M beta-lactamase-producing , fluoroquinolone-resistant strains , and the emergence of community-onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , particularly in the United States , has forced us to re-think our empirical treatment guidelines for skin and soft-tissue infections . Finally , our most potent and reliable class of antibiotics , the carbapenems , is compromised by the growth , primarily in intensive care units , of multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae , Acinetobacter baumanni , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The lack of a robust pipeline of new agents , particularly against resistant Gram-negative bacteria , emphasizes the importance of optimizing our use of current antimicrobials and promoting strict adherence to established infection control practices .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Flowering response and crop duration of aromatic rices in diverse environments .
| | Author: Shahidullah SM Hanafi MM Ashrafuzzaman M Salam MA Khair A | | Journal: C R Biol Citation: V : 332 P : 909-16 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19819411 Accession (PMID): 19819411 | | Abstract: Crop duration of a rice plant , essentially dictated by flowering response , is an important selection criterion .
It is determined by the interaction of genotype and environment .
A field experiment was conducted with 40 rice genotypes to assess the fluctuation and/or stability of crop duration in a series of 16 environmental conditions .
The effects of genotype , environment and all the components of G x E interaction were highly significant .
Among the genotypes Benaful and Gandho kasturi were most sensitive to environmental changes , and indicating lower adaptability over the environments .
Crop durations of 17 genotypes were comparatively stable against environmental changes .
Four genotypes viz .
Basmati PNR346 , BR28 , Neimat and Sarwati showed only nonlinear sensitivity and thus unpredictable fluctuation .
Seventeen genotypes indicated average stability over the environments .
The AMMI analysis identified Badshabhog , Basmati Tapl-90 , Bhog ganjia , BR38 , Elai , Jata katari and Radhuni pagal as most stable genotypes over the environment series .
It also advocated three comparatively stable environments for all the genotypes .
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[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The effects of genotype , environment and all the components of G x E interaction were highly significant . Among the genotypes Benaful and Gandho kasturi were most sensitive to environmental changes , and indicating lower adaptability over the environments . Crop durations of 17 genotypes were comparatively stable against environmental changes . Four genotypes viz . Basmati PNR346 , BR28 , Neimat and Sarwati showed only nonlinear sensitivity and thus unpredictable fluctuation . Seventeen genotypes indicated average stability over the environments . The AMMI analysis identified Badshabhog , Basmati Tapl-90 , Bhog ganjia , BR38 , Elai , Jata katari and Radhuni pagal as most stable genotypes over the environment series . It also advocated three comparatively stable environments for all the genotypes .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: High-level production of a thermoacidophilic beta-glucosidase from Penicillium citrinum YS40-5 by solid-state fermentation with rice bran .
| | Author: Ng IS Li CW Chan SP Chir JL Chen PT Tong CG Yu SM Ho TH | | Journal: Bioresour Technol Citation: V : 101 P : 1310-7 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19837582 Accession (PMID): 19837582 | | Abstract: A high yield of beta-glucosidase ( EC 3 . 2 . 1 . 21 ) of 159 . 1 U/g-solid activity on 4-nitrophenyl beta-d-glucopyranoside ( pNPG ) was achieved by rice bran-based solid-state fermentation ( SSF ) of the recently characterized fungus Penicillium citrinum YS40-5 .
The enzyme was both thermophilic and acidophilic at the optimized temperature and pH of 70 degrees C and 5 . 0 , respectively .
Over 95% of the original beta-glucosidase activity was maintained after a prolonged storage at ambient temperature for 4 weeks .
The kinetic parameters V ( max ) , K ( m ) and K ( I ) were 85 . 93 U/mg , 1 . 2 mM and 17 . 59 mM with pNPG , and 72 . 49 U/mg , 32 . 17 mM and 8 . 29 mM with cellobiose , respectively .
The protein band with beta-glucosidase activity was characterized by native PAGE followed by MUG-zymogram analysis , and its identity confirmed by nanoLC-MS/MS .
A 3 . 43-fold synergistic effect by combining this beta-glucosidase with Trichoderma reesei cellulases was observed , indicating this enzyme could potentially be used for improving the efficiency of cellulosic bioconversion .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: A high yield of beta-glucosidase ( EC 3 . 2 . 1 . 21 ) of 159 . 1 U/g-solid activity on 4-nitrophenyl beta-d-glucopyranoside ( pNPG ) was achieved by rice bran-based solid-state fermentation ( SSF ) of the recently characterized fungus Penicillium citrinum YS40-5 . The enzyme was both thermophilic and acidophilic at the optimized temperature and pH of 70 degrees C and 5 . 0 , respectively . Over 95% of the original beta-glucosidase activity was maintained after a prolonged storage at ambient temperature for 4 weeks . The kinetic parameters V ( max ) , K ( m ) and K ( I ) were 85 . 93 U/mg , 1 . 2 mM and 17 . 59 mM with pNPG , and 72 . 49 U/mg , 32 . 17 mM and 8 . 29 mM with cellobiose , respectively . The protein band with beta-glucosidase activity was characterized by native PAGE followed by MUG-zymogram analysis , and its identity confirmed by nanoLC-MS/MS .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: A high yield of beta-glucosidase ( EC 3 . 2 . 1 . 21 ) of 159 . 1 U/g-solid activity on 4-nitrophenyl beta-d-glucopyranoside ( pNPG ) was achieved by rice bran-based solid-state fermentation ( SSF ) of the recently characterized fungus Penicillium citrinum YS40-5 . The enzyme was both thermophilic and acidophilic at the optimized temperature and pH of 70 degrees C and 5 . 0 , respectively . Over 95% of the original beta-glucosidase activity was maintained after a prolonged storage at ambient temperature for 4 weeks . The kinetic parameters V ( max ) , K ( m ) and K ( I ) were 85 . 93 U/mg , 1 . 2 mM and 17 . 59 mM with pNPG , and 72 . 49 U/mg , 32 . 17 mM and 8 . 29 mM with cellobiose , respectively . The protein band with beta-glucosidase activity was characterized by native PAGE followed by MUG-zymogram analysis , and its identity confirmed by nanoLC-MS/MS . A 3 . 43-fold synergistic effect by combining this beta-glucosidase with Trichoderma reesei cellulases was observed , indicating this enzyme could potentially be used for improving the efficiency of cellulosic bioconversion .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Radiographic predictors of disease severity in neonates and infants with necrotizing enterocolitis .
| | Author: Coursey CA Hollingsworth CL Wriston C Beam C Rice H Bisset G 3rd | | Journal: AJR Am J Roentgenol Citation: V : 193 P : 1408-13 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19843760 Accession (PMID): 19843760 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : The objective of our study was to validate a radiographic scale , the Duke abdominal assessment scale ( DAAS ) , as a tool for predicting the severity of disease in neonates and infants with suspected necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) .
MATERIALS AND METHODS : Study group patients ( n = 43 ) underwent at least two two-view abdominal radiographic series within 48 hours of surgical intervention for suspected NEC complications .
Control group patients ( n = 86 ) were patients with suspected NEC who did not undergo surgery for suspected NEC complications .
DAAS scores were assigned by two pediatric radiologists with 20 and 6 years experience .
RESULTS : The initial radiographs of 26 of 43 ( 60 . 5% ) patients in the study group showed fixed bowel loops ( 10/43 , 23 . 3% ) , highly probable or definite pneumatosis ( 9/43 , 20 . 9% ) , or portal venous gas ( 7/43 , 16 . 3% ) .
These findings had progressed to pneumoperitoneum on the follow-up series in 20 ( 46 . 5% ) study group patients .
Among the control group , three patients ( 3 . 5% ) had highly probable or definite pneumatosis , and none had fixed bowel loops , portal venous gas , or pneumoperitoneum .
Patients with higher DAAS scores were more likely to undergo surgical intervention than patients with lower scores ( odds ratio , 1 . 69 ; 95% CI , 1 . 40-2 . 03 ) .
A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed good overall performance ( c statistic = 0 . 83 ) for predicting eventual surgical intervention in the study group with higher DAAS scores .
CONCLUSION : The DAAS provides a standardized 10-point radiographic scale that increases with disease severity when using need for surgical intervention as a surrogate for severe NEC .
For every 1-point increase in the DAAS score , patients were statistically significantly more likely to have severe disease as measured by need for surgical intervention .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: Control group patients ( n = 86 ) were patients with suspected NEC who did not undergo surgery for suspected NEC complications . DAAS scores were assigned by two pediatric radiologists with 20 and 6 years experience . RESULTS : The initial radiographs of 26 of 43 ( 60 . 5% ) patients in the study group showed fixed bowel loops ( 10/43 , 23 . 3% ) , highly probable or definite pneumatosis ( 9/43 , 20 . 9% ) , or portal venous gas ( 7/43 , 16 . 3% ) . These findings had progressed to pneumoperitoneum on the follow-up series in 20 ( 46 . 5% ) study group patients . Among the control group , three patients ( 3 . 5% ) had highly probable or definite pneumatosis , and none had fixed bowel loops , portal venous gas , or pneumoperitoneum . Patients with higher DAAS scores were more likely to undergo surgical intervention than patients with lower scores ( odds ratio , 1 . 69 ; 95% CI , 1 . 40-2 . 03 ) . A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed good overall performance ( c statistic = 0 . 83 ) for predicting eventual surgical intervention in the study group with higher DAAS scores . CONCLUSION : The DAAS provides a standardized 10-point radiographic scale that increases with disease severity when using need for surgical intervention as a surrogate for severe NEC . For every 1-point increase in the DAAS score , patients were statistically significantly more likely to have severe disease as measured by need for surgical intervention .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: OBJECTIVE : The objective of our study was to validate a radiographic scale , the Duke abdominal assessment scale ( DAAS ) , as a tool for predicting the severity of disease in neonates and infants with suspected necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC ) . MATERIALS AND METHODS : Study group patients ( n = 43 ) underwent at least two two-view abdominal radiographic series within 48 hours of surgical intervention for suspected NEC complications . Control group patients ( n = 86 ) were patients with suspected NEC who did not undergo surgery for suspected NEC complications . DAAS scores were assigned by two pediatric radiologists with 20 and 6 years experience . RESULTS : The initial radiographs of 26 of 43 ( 60 . 5% ) patients in the study group showed fixed bowel loops ( 10/43 , 23 . 3% ) , highly probable or definite pneumatosis ( 9/43 , 20 . 9% ) , or portal venous gas ( 7/43 , 16 . 3% ) . These findings had progressed to pneumoperitoneum on the follow-up series in 20 ( 46 . 5% ) study group patients . Among the control group , three patients ( 3 . 5% ) had highly probable or definite pneumatosis , and none had fixed bowel loops , portal venous gas , or pneumoperitoneum . Patients with higher DAAS scores were more likely to undergo surgical intervention than patients with lower scores ( odds ratio , 1 . 69 ; 95% CI , 1 . 40-2 . 03 ) . A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed good overall performance ( c statistic = 0 . 83 ) for predicting eventual surgical intervention in the study group with higher DAAS scores .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: MATERIALS AND METHODS : Study group patients ( n = 43 ) underwent at least two two-view abdominal radiographic series within 48 hours of surgical intervention for suspected NEC complications . Control group patients ( n = 86 ) were patients with suspected NEC who did not undergo surgery for suspected NEC complications . DAAS scores were assigned by two pediatric radiologists with 20 and 6 years experience . RESULTS : The initial radiographs of 26 of 43 ( 60 . 5% ) patients in the study group showed fixed bowel loops ( 10/43 , 23 . 3% ) , highly probable or definite pneumatosis ( 9/43 , 20 . 9% ) , or portal venous gas ( 7/43 , 16 . 3% ) . These findings had progressed to pneumoperitoneum on the follow-up series in 20 ( 46 . 5% ) study group patients . Among the control group , three patients ( 3 . 5% ) had highly probable or definite pneumatosis , and none had fixed bowel loops , portal venous gas , or pneumoperitoneum . Patients with higher DAAS scores were more likely to undergo surgical intervention than patients with lower scores ( odds ratio , 1 . 69 ; 95% CI , 1 . 40-2 . 03 ) . A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed good overall performance ( c statistic = 0 . 83 ) for predicting eventual surgical intervention in the study group with higher DAAS scores . CONCLUSION : The DAAS provides a standardized 10-point radiographic scale that increases with disease severity when using need for surgical intervention as a surrogate for severe NEC .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Successful treatment of severe pneumocystis pneumonia with clindamycin-primaquine in an HIV-negative patient .
| | Author: Crisp HC Stewart IJ Blatz PJ Rice DH Okulicz JF | | Journal: South Med J Citation: V : 102 P : 1161-3 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19864989 Accession (PMID): 19864989 | | Abstract: Pneumocystis pneumonia is an increasingly recognized threat in non-HIV immunosuppressed patients and is associated with worse outcomes compared to HIV-infected patients .
The preferred first line treatment is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ; however , second line treatments for those intolerant of this regimen have been primarily studied in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) .
We report a case of Pneumocystis pneumonia in a 75-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) and a history of sulfa allergy successfully treated with clindamycin-primaquine .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Pneumocystis pneumonia is an increasingly recognized threat in non-HIV immunosuppressed patients and is associated with worse outcomes compared to HIV-infected patients . The preferred first line treatment is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ; however , second line treatments for those intolerant of this regimen have been primarily studied in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) . We report a case of Pneumocystis pneumonia in a 75-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) and a history of sulfa allergy successfully treated with clindamycin-primaquine .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: Pneumocystis pneumonia is an increasingly recognized threat in non-HIV immunosuppressed patients and is associated with worse outcomes compared to HIV-infected patients . The preferred first line treatment is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ; however , second line treatments for those intolerant of this regimen have been primarily studied in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) . We report a case of Pneumocystis pneumonia in a 75-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) and a history of sulfa allergy successfully treated with clindamycin-primaquine .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: In vitro activity of fosfomycin against blaKPC-containing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates , including those nonsusceptible to tigecycline and/or colistin .
| | Author: Endimiani A Patel G Hujer KM Swaminathan M Perez F Rice LB Jacobs MR Bonomo RA | | Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Citation: V : 54 P : 526-9 Year: 2010 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19901089 Accession (PMID): 19901089 | | Abstract: In vitro activity of fosfomycin was evaluated against 68 bla ( KPC ) -possessing Klebsiella pneumoniae ( KpKPC ) isolates , including 23 tigecycline and/or colistin-nonsusceptible strains .
By agar dilution , 93% of the overall KpKPC were susceptible ( MIC ( 50/90 ) of 16/64 microg/ml , respectively ) .
The subgroup of 23 tigecycline and/or colistin-nonsusceptible strains showed susceptibility rates of 87% ( MIC ( 50/90 ) of 32/128 microg/ml , respectively ) .
Notably , 5 out of 6 extremely drug-resistant ( tigecycline and colistin nonsusceptible ) KpKPC were susceptible to fosfomycin .
Compared to agar dilution , disk diffusion was more accurate than Etest | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: In vitro activity of fosfomycin was evaluated against 68 bla ( KPC ) -possessing Klebsiella pneumoniae ( KpKPC ) isolates , including 23 tigecycline and/or colistin-nonsusceptible strains . By agar dilution , 93% of the overall KpKPC were susceptible ( MIC ( 50/90 ) of 16/64 microg/ml , respectively ) . The subgroup of 23 tigecycline and/or colistin-nonsusceptible strains showed susceptibility rates of 87% ( MIC ( 50/90 ) of 32/128 microg/ml , respectively ) . Notably , 5 out of 6 extremely drug-resistant ( tigecycline and colistin nonsusceptible ) KpKPC were susceptible to fosfomycin . Compared to agar dilution , disk diffusion was more accurate than Etest
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Expression of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns6 and the specificity analysis of its monoclonal antibodies .
| | Author: Ji X Wei C Li Y | | Journal: Sci China C Life Sci Citation: V : 52 P : 958-64 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19911132 Accession (PMID): 19911132 | | Abstract: The genome of rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) is composed of 12 double-stranded RNA segments , of which segment S6 encodes a non-structural protein Pns6 identified as the movement protein .
In this report , Pns6 with a 6-histidine tag at the N-terminal was expressed in E coli after induction under low temperature ( 18 degrees C ) and low concentration ( 0 . 4 mmol/L and 0 . 2 mmol/L ) of IPTG , and then purified by Ni-chelated affinity chromatography .
Stability analysis indicated that the expressed HisPns6 protein was stable at 37 degrees C after 24 h treatment .
This recombinant protein was then used to make monoclonal antibody .
Total 18 hybridoma clones were obtained .
The specificity of antibodies was tested by Western blot using native Pns6 extracted from RDV-infected rice leaves , and 15 positive clones were confirmed .
Mapping of the antigenic sites of Pns6 using antibodies showed that the most sensitive antigen determinant is located in the C-terminal region ( the 296th-509th amino acids ) of Pns6 , which is confirms bioinformatics analysis .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: Stability analysis indicated that the expressed HisPns6 protein was stable at 37 degrees C after 24 h treatment . This recombinant protein was then used to make monoclonal antibody . Total 18 hybridoma clones were obtained . The specificity of antibodies was tested by Western blot using native Pns6 extracted from RDV-infected rice leaves , and 15 positive clones were confirmed . Mapping of the antigenic sites of Pns6 using antibodies showed that the most sensitive antigen determinant is located in the C-terminal region ( the 296th-509th amino acids ) of Pns6 , which is confirms bioinformatics analysis .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The genome of rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) is composed of 12 double-stranded RNA segments , of which segment S6 encodes a non-structural protein Pns6 identified as the movement protein . In this report , Pns6 with a 6-histidine tag at the N-terminal was expressed in E coli after induction under low temperature ( 18 degrees C ) and low concentration ( 0 . 4 mmol/L and 0 . 2 mmol/L ) of IPTG , and then purified by Ni-chelated affinity chromatography . Stability analysis indicated that the expressed HisPns6 protein was stable at 37 degrees C after 24 h treatment . This recombinant protein was then used to make monoclonal antibody . Total 18 hybridoma clones were obtained .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The genome of rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) is composed of 12 double-stranded RNA segments , of which segment S6 encodes a non-structural protein Pns6 identified as the movement protein . In this report , Pns6 with a 6-histidine tag at the N-terminal was expressed in E coli after induction under low temperature ( 18 degrees C ) and low concentration ( 0 . 4 mmol/L and 0 . 2 mmol/L ) of IPTG , and then purified by Ni-chelated affinity chromatography . Stability analysis indicated that the expressed HisPns6 protein was stable at 37 degrees C after 24 h treatment . This recombinant protein was then used to make monoclonal antibody . Total 18 hybridoma clones were obtained . The specificity of antibodies was tested by Western blot using native Pns6 extracted from RDV-infected rice leaves , and 15 positive clones were confirmed .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this report , Pns6 with a 6-histidine tag at the N-terminal was expressed in E coli after induction under low temperature ( 18 degrees C ) and low concentration ( 0 . 4 mmol/L and 0 . 2 mmol/L ) of IPTG , and then purified by Ni-chelated affinity chromatography . Stability analysis indicated that the expressed HisPns6 protein was stable at 37 degrees C after 24 h treatment . This recombinant protein was then used to make monoclonal antibody . Total 18 hybridoma clones were obtained . The specificity of antibodies was tested by Western blot using native Pns6 extracted from RDV-infected rice leaves , and 15 positive clones were confirmed . Mapping of the antigenic sites of Pns6 using antibodies showed that the most sensitive antigen determinant is located in the C-terminal region ( the 296th-509th amino acids ) of Pns6 , which is confirms bioinformatics analysis .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Dissection of a QTL reveals an adaptive , interacting gene complex associated with transgressive variation for flowering time in rice .
| | Author: Maas LF McClung A McCouch S | | Journal: Theor Appl Genet Citation: V : 120 P : 895-908 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19949767 Accession (PMID): 19949767 | | Abstract: A days to heading QTL ( dth1 . 1 ) located on the short arm of rice chromosome 1 was sub-divided into eight sub-introgression lines ( SILs ) to analyze the genetic basis of transgressive variation for flowering time .
Each SIL contained one or more introgression ( s ) from O rufipogon in the genetic background of the elite Oryza sativa cultivar , Jefferson .
Each introgression was defined at high resolution using molecular markers and those in the dth1 . 1 region were associated with the presence of one or more flowering time genes ( GI , SOC1 , FT-L8 , EMF1 , and PNZIP ) .
SILs and controls were evaluated for flowering time under both short and long-day growing conditions .
Under short-day lengths , lines with introgressions carrying combinations of linked flowering time genes ( GI/SOC1 , SOC1/FT-L8 , GI/SOC1/FT-L8 and EMF1/PNZIP ) from the late parent , O rufipogon , flowered earlier than the recurrent parent , Jefferson , while recombinant lines carrying smaller introgressions marked by the presence of GI , SOC1 , EMF1 or PNZIP alone no longer flowered early .
Under long-day length , lines carrying SOC1/FT-L8 , SOC1 or PNZIP flowered early , while those carrying GI or EMF1 delayed flowering .
Across all experiments and in the field , only SIL_SOC1/FT-L8 was consistently early .
A preliminary yield evaluation indicated that the transgressive early flowering observed in several of the SILs was also associated with a measurable and positive effect on yield .
These SILs represent a new source of variation that can be used in breeding programs to manipulate flowering time in rice cultivars without the reduction in yield that is often associated with early maturing phenotypes .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: A days to heading QTL ( dth1 . 1 ) located on the short arm of rice chromosome 1 was sub-divided into eight sub-introgression lines ( SILs ) to analyze the genetic basis of transgressive variation for flowering time . Each SIL contained one or more introgression ( s ) from O rufipogon in the genetic background of the elite Oryza sativa cultivar , Jefferson . Each introgression was defined at high resolution using molecular markers and those in the dth1 . 1 region were associated with the presence of one or more flowering time genes ( GI , SOC1 , FT-L8 , EMF1 , and PNZIP ) . SILs and controls were evaluated for flowering time under both short and long-day growing conditions . Under short-day lengths , lines with introgressions carrying combinations of linked flowering time genes ( GI/SOC1 , SOC1/FT-L8 , GI/SOC1/FT-L8 and EMF1/PNZIP ) from the late parent , O rufipogon , flowered earlier than the recurrent parent , Jefferson , while recombinant lines carrying smaller introgressions marked by the presence of GI , SOC1 , EMF1 or PNZIP alone no longer flowered early . Under long-day length , lines carrying SOC1/FT-L8 , SOC1 or PNZIP flowered early , while those carrying GI or EMF1 delayed flowering . Across all experiments and in the field , only SIL_SOC1/FT-L8 was consistently early .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: A days to heading QTL ( dth1 . 1 ) located on the short arm of rice chromosome 1 was sub-divided into eight sub-introgression lines ( SILs ) to analyze the genetic basis of transgressive variation for flowering time . Each SIL contained one or more introgression ( s ) from O rufipogon in the genetic background of the elite Oryza sativa cultivar , Jefferson . Each introgression was defined at high resolution using molecular markers and those in the dth1 . 1 region were associated with the presence of one or more flowering time genes ( GI , SOC1 , FT-L8 , EMF1 , and PNZIP ) . SILs and controls were evaluated for flowering time under both short and long-day growing conditions . Under short-day lengths , lines with introgressions carrying combinations of linked flowering time genes ( GI/SOC1 , SOC1/FT-L8 , GI/SOC1/FT-L8 and EMF1/PNZIP ) from the late parent , O rufipogon , flowered earlier than the recurrent parent , Jefferson , while recombinant lines carrying smaller introgressions marked by the presence of GI , SOC1 , EMF1 or PNZIP alone no longer flowered early . Under long-day length , lines carrying SOC1/FT-L8 , SOC1 or PNZIP flowered early , while those carrying GI or EMF1 delayed flowering . Across all experiments and in the field , only SIL_SOC1/FT-L8 was consistently early . A preliminary yield evaluation indicated that the transgressive early flowering observed in several of the SILs was also associated with a measurable and positive effect on yield . These SILs represent a new source of variation that can be used in breeding programs to manipulate flowering time in rice cultivars without the reduction in yield that is often associated with early maturing phenotypes .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Each SIL contained one or more introgression ( s ) from O rufipogon in the genetic background of the elite Oryza sativa cultivar , Jefferson . Each introgression was defined at high resolution using molecular markers and those in the dth1 . 1 region were associated with the presence of one or more flowering time genes ( GI , SOC1 , FT-L8 , EMF1 , and PNZIP ) . SILs and controls were evaluated for flowering time under both short and long-day growing conditions . Under short-day lengths , lines with introgressions carrying combinations of linked flowering time genes ( GI/SOC1 , SOC1/FT-L8 , GI/SOC1/FT-L8 and EMF1/PNZIP ) from the late parent , O rufipogon , flowered earlier than the recurrent parent , Jefferson , while recombinant lines carrying smaller introgressions marked by the presence of GI , SOC1 , EMF1 or PNZIP alone no longer flowered early . Under long-day length , lines carrying SOC1/FT-L8 , SOC1 or PNZIP flowered early , while those carrying GI or EMF1 delayed flowering . Across all experiments and in the field , only SIL_SOC1/FT-L8 was consistently early . A preliminary yield evaluation indicated that the transgressive early flowering observed in several of the SILs was also associated with a measurable and positive effect on yield . These SILs represent a new source of variation that can be used in breeding programs to manipulate flowering time in rice cultivars without the reduction in yield that is often associated with early maturing phenotypes .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Successive detection of insulin-like growth factor-II bound to receptors on a living cell surface using an AFM .
| | Author: Han SW Mieda S Nakamura C Kihara T Nakamura N Miyake J | | Journal: J Mol Recognit Citation: V : P : Year: 2009 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub19953597 Accession (PMID): 19953597 | | Abstract: In this study , we have developed a method of mechanical force detection for ligands bound to receptors on a cell surface , both of which are involved in a signal transduction pathway .
This pathway is an autocrine pathway , involving the production of insulin-like growth factor-II ( IGF-II ) and activation of the IGF-I receptor , involved in myoblast differentiation induced by MyoD in C3H10T1/2 mouse mesenchymal stem cells .
Differentiation of C3H10T1/2 was induced with the DNA demethylation agent 5-azacytidine ( 5-aza ) .
The etched AFM tip used in the force detection had a flat surface of which about 10 microm ( 2 ) was in contact with a cell surface .
The forces required to rupture the interactions of IGF-IIs on a cell and anti mouse IGF-II polyclonal antibody immobilized on an etched AFM tip were measured within 5 days of induction of differentiation .
The mean unbinding force for a single paired antibody-ligand on a cell was about 81 pN , which was measured at a force loading rate of about 440 nN/s .
The percentage of unbinding forces over 100 pN increased to 32% after 2 days from the addition of 5-aza to the medium .
This method could be used in non-invasive and successive evaluation of a living cells behavior .
Copyright ( c ) 2009 John Wiley & Sons , Ltd .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: This pathway is an autocrine pathway , involving the production of insulin-like growth factor-II ( IGF-II ) and activation of the IGF-I receptor , involved in myoblast differentiation induced by MyoD in C3H10T1/2 mouse mesenchymal stem cells . Differentiation of C3H10T1/2 was induced with the DNA demethylation agent 5-azacytidine ( 5-aza ) . The etched AFM tip used in the force detection had a flat surface of which about 10 microm ( 2 ) was in contact with a cell surface . The forces required to rupture the interactions of IGF-IIs on a cell and anti mouse IGF-II polyclonal antibody immobilized on an etched AFM tip were measured within 5 days of induction of differentiation . The mean unbinding force for a single paired antibody-ligand on a cell was about 81 pN , which was measured at a force loading rate of about 440 nN/s . The percentage of unbinding forces over 100 pN increased to 32% after 2 days from the addition of 5-aza to the medium . This method could be used in non-invasive and successive evaluation of a living cells behavior . Copyright ( c ) 2009 John Wiley & Sons , Ltd .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Differentiation of C3H10T1/2 was induced with the DNA demethylation agent 5-azacytidine ( 5-aza ) . The etched AFM tip used in the force detection had a flat surface of which about 10 microm ( 2 ) was in contact with a cell surface . The forces required to rupture the interactions of IGF-IIs on a cell and anti mouse IGF-II polyclonal antibody immobilized on an etched AFM tip were measured within 5 days of induction of differentiation . The mean unbinding force for a single paired antibody-ligand on a cell was about 81 pN , which was measured at a force loading rate of about 440 nN/s . The percentage of unbinding forces over 100 pN increased to 32% after 2 days from the addition of 5-aza to the medium . This method could be used in non-invasive and successive evaluation of a living cells behavior . Copyright ( c ) 2009 John Wiley & Sons , Ltd .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Optimum lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer .
| | Author: Rizk NP Ishwaran H Rice TW Chen LQ Schipper PH Kesler KA Law S Lerut TE Reed CE Salo JA Scott WJ Hofstetter WL Watson TJ Allen MS Rusch VW Blackstone EH | | Journal: Ann Surg Citation: V : 251 P : 46-50 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20032718 Accession (PMID): 20032718 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : Using Worldwide Esophageal Cancer Collaboration data , we sought to ( 1 ) characterize the relationship between survival and extent of lymphadenectomy , and ( 2 ) from this , define optimum lymphadenectomy .
SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA : What constitutes optimum lymphadenectomy to maximize survival is controversial because of variable goals , analytic methodology , and generalizability of the underpinning data .
METHODS : A total of 4627 patients who had esophagectomy alone for esophageal cancer were identified from the Worldwide Esophageal Cancer Collaboration database .
Patient-specific risk-adjusted survival was estimated using random survival forests .
Risk-adjusted 5-year survival was averaged for each number of lymph nodes resected and its relation to cancer characteristics explored .
Optimum number of nodes that should be resected to maximize 5-year survival was determined by random forest multivariable regression .
RESULTS : For pN0M0 moderately and poorly differentiated cancers , and all node-positive ( pN+ ) cancers , 5-year survival improved with increasing extent of lymphadenectomy .
In pN0M0 cancers , no optimum lymphadenectomy was defined for pTis ; optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 to 12 nodes for pT1 , 15 to 22 for pT2 , and 31 to 42 for pT3/T4 , depending on histopathologic cell type .
In pN+M0 cancers and 1 to 6 nodes positive , optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 for pT1 , 15 for pT2 , and 29 to 50 for pT3/T4 .
CONCLUSIONS : Greater extent of lymphadenectomy was associated with increased survival for all patients with esophageal cancer except at the extremes ( it isN0M0 and >or=7 regional lymph nodes positive for cancer ) and well-differentiated pN0M0 cancer .
Maximum 5-year survival is modulated by T classification : resecting 10 nodes for pT1 , 20 for pT2 , and >or=30 for pT3/T4 is recommended .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: METHODS : A total of 4627 patients who had esophagectomy alone for esophageal cancer were identified from the Worldwide Esophageal Cancer Collaboration database . Patient-specific risk-adjusted survival was estimated using random survival forests . Risk-adjusted 5-year survival was averaged for each number of lymph nodes resected and its relation to cancer characteristics explored . Optimum number of nodes that should be resected to maximize 5-year survival was determined by random forest multivariable regression . RESULTS : For pN0M0 moderately and poorly differentiated cancers , and all node-positive ( pN+ ) cancers , 5-year survival improved with increasing extent of lymphadenectomy . In pN0M0 cancers , no optimum lymphadenectomy was defined for pTis ; optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 to 12 nodes for pT1 , 15 to 22 for pT2 , and 31 to 42 for pT3/T4 , depending on histopathologic cell type . In pN+M0 cancers and 1 to 6 nodes positive , optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 for pT1 , 15 for pT2 , and 29 to 50 for pT3/T4 . CONCLUSIONS : Greater extent of lymphadenectomy was associated with increased survival for all patients with esophageal cancer except at the extremes ( it isN0M0 and >or=7 regional lymph nodes positive for cancer ) and well-differentiated pN0M0 cancer . Maximum 5-year survival is modulated by T classification : resecting 10 nodes for pT1 , 20 for pT2 , and >or=30 for pT3/T4 is recommended .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Patient-specific risk-adjusted survival was estimated using random survival forests . Risk-adjusted 5-year survival was averaged for each number of lymph nodes resected and its relation to cancer characteristics explored . Optimum number of nodes that should be resected to maximize 5-year survival was determined by random forest multivariable regression . RESULTS : For pN0M0 moderately and poorly differentiated cancers , and all node-positive ( pN+ ) cancers , 5-year survival improved with increasing extent of lymphadenectomy . In pN0M0 cancers , no optimum lymphadenectomy was defined for pTis ; optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 to 12 nodes for pT1 , 15 to 22 for pT2 , and 31 to 42 for pT3/T4 , depending on histopathologic cell type . In pN+M0 cancers and 1 to 6 nodes positive , optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 for pT1 , 15 for pT2 , and 29 to 50 for pT3/T4 . CONCLUSIONS : Greater extent of lymphadenectomy was associated with increased survival for all patients with esophageal cancer except at the extremes ( it isN0M0 and >or=7 regional lymph nodes positive for cancer ) and well-differentiated pN0M0 cancer . Maximum 5-year survival is modulated by T classification : resecting 10 nodes for pT1 , 20 for pT2 , and >or=30 for pT3/T4 is recommended .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Risk-adjusted 5-year survival was averaged for each number of lymph nodes resected and its relation to cancer characteristics explored . Optimum number of nodes that should be resected to maximize 5-year survival was determined by random forest multivariable regression . RESULTS : For pN0M0 moderately and poorly differentiated cancers , and all node-positive ( pN+ ) cancers , 5-year survival improved with increasing extent of lymphadenectomy . In pN0M0 cancers , no optimum lymphadenectomy was defined for pTis ; optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 to 12 nodes for pT1 , 15 to 22 for pT2 , and 31 to 42 for pT3/T4 , depending on histopathologic cell type . In pN+M0 cancers and 1 to 6 nodes positive , optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 for pT1 , 15 for pT2 , and 29 to 50 for pT3/T4 . CONCLUSIONS : Greater extent of lymphadenectomy was associated with increased survival for all patients with esophageal cancer except at the extremes ( it isN0M0 and >or=7 regional lymph nodes positive for cancer ) and well-differentiated pN0M0 cancer . Maximum 5-year survival is modulated by T classification : resecting 10 nodes for pT1 , 20 for pT2 , and >or=30 for pT3/T4 is recommended .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Optimum number of nodes that should be resected to maximize 5-year survival was determined by random forest multivariable regression . RESULTS : For pN0M0 moderately and poorly differentiated cancers , and all node-positive ( pN+ ) cancers , 5-year survival improved with increasing extent of lymphadenectomy . In pN0M0 cancers , no optimum lymphadenectomy was defined for pTis ; optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 to 12 nodes for pT1 , 15 to 22 for pT2 , and 31 to 42 for pT3/T4 , depending on histopathologic cell type . In pN+M0 cancers and 1 to 6 nodes positive , optimum lymphadenectomy was 10 for pT1 , 15 for pT2 , and 29 to 50 for pT3/T4 . CONCLUSIONS : Greater extent of lymphadenectomy was associated with increased survival for all patients with esophageal cancer except at the extremes ( it isN0M0 and >or=7 regional lymph nodes positive for cancer ) and well-differentiated pN0M0 cancer . Maximum 5-year survival is modulated by T classification : resecting 10 nodes for pT1 , 20 for pT2 , and >or=30 for pT3/T4 is recommended .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Two Rubisco activase isoforms may play different roles in photosynthetic heat acclimation in the rice plant .
| | Author: Wang D Li XF Zhou ZJ Feng XP Yang WJ Jiang DA | | Journal: Physiol Plant Citation: V : 139 P : 55-67 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20059735 Accession (PMID): 20059735 | | Abstract: Studies on some plant species have shown that increasing the growth temperature gradually or pretreating with high temperature can lead to obvious photosynthetic acclimation to high temperature .
To test whether this acclimation arises from heat adaptation of ribulose 1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco , EC 4 . 1 . 1 . 39 ) activation mediated by Rubisco activase ( RCA ) , gene expression of RCA large isoform ( RCA ( L ) ) and RCA small isoform ( RCA ( S ) ) in rice was determined using a 4-day heat stress treatment [ 40/30 degrees C ( day/night ) ] followed by a 3-day recovery under control conditions [ 30/22 degrees C ( day/night ) ] .
The heat stress significantly induced the expression of RCA ( L ) as determined by both mRNA and protein levels .
Correlative analysis indicated that RCA ( S ) protein content was extremely significantly related to Rubisco initial activity and net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) under both heat stress and normal conditions .
Immunoblot analysis of the Rubisco-RCA complex revealed that the ratio of RCA ( L ) to Rubisco increased markedly in heat-acclimated rice leaves .
Furthermore , transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( L ) exhibited higher thermotolerance in Pn and Rubisco initial activity and grew better at high temperature than wild-type ( WT ) plants and transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( S ) .
Under normal conditions , the transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( S ) showed higher Pn and produced more biomass than transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( L ) and wild-type plants .
Together , these suggest that the heat-induced RCA ( L ) may play an important role in photosynthetic acclimation to moderate heat stress in vivo , while RCA ( S ) plays a major role in maintaining Rubisco initial activity under normal conditions .
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[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Studies on some plant species have shown that increasing the growth temperature gradually or pretreating with high temperature can lead to obvious photosynthetic acclimation to high temperature . To test whether this acclimation arises from heat adaptation of ribulose 1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco , EC 4 . 1 . 1 . 39 ) activation mediated by Rubisco activase ( RCA ) , gene expression of RCA large isoform ( RCA ( L ) ) and RCA small isoform ( RCA ( S ) ) in rice was determined using a 4-day heat stress treatment [ 40/30 degrees C ( day/night ) ] followed by a 3-day recovery under control conditions [ 30/22 degrees C ( day/night ) ] . The heat stress significantly induced the expression of RCA ( L ) as determined by both mRNA and protein levels . Correlative analysis indicated that RCA ( S ) protein content was extremely significantly related to Rubisco initial activity and net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) under both heat stress and normal conditions . Immunoblot analysis of the Rubisco-RCA complex revealed that the ratio of RCA ( L ) to Rubisco increased markedly in heat-acclimated rice leaves . Furthermore , transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( L ) exhibited higher thermotolerance in Pn and Rubisco initial activity and grew better at high temperature than wild-type ( WT ) plants and transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( S ) . Under normal conditions , the transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( S ) showed higher Pn and produced more biomass than transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( L ) and wild-type plants . Together , these suggest that the heat-induced RCA ( L ) may play an important role in photosynthetic acclimation to moderate heat stress in vivo , while RCA ( S ) plays a major role in maintaining Rubisco initial activity under normal conditions .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: To test whether this acclimation arises from heat adaptation of ribulose 1 , 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( Rubisco , EC 4 . 1 . 1 . 39 ) activation mediated by Rubisco activase ( RCA ) , gene expression of RCA large isoform ( RCA ( L ) ) and RCA small isoform ( RCA ( S ) ) in rice was determined using a 4-day heat stress treatment [ 40/30 degrees C ( day/night ) ] followed by a 3-day recovery under control conditions [ 30/22 degrees C ( day/night ) ] . The heat stress significantly induced the expression of RCA ( L ) as determined by both mRNA and protein levels . Correlative analysis indicated that RCA ( S ) protein content was extremely significantly related to Rubisco initial activity and net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) under both heat stress and normal conditions . Immunoblot analysis of the Rubisco-RCA complex revealed that the ratio of RCA ( L ) to Rubisco increased markedly in heat-acclimated rice leaves . Furthermore , transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( L ) exhibited higher thermotolerance in Pn and Rubisco initial activity and grew better at high temperature than wild-type ( WT ) plants and transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( S ) . Under normal conditions , the transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( S ) showed higher Pn and produced more biomass than transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( L ) and wild-type plants . Together , these suggest that the heat-induced RCA ( L ) may play an important role in photosynthetic acclimation to moderate heat stress in vivo , while RCA ( S ) plays a major role in maintaining Rubisco initial activity under normal conditions .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The heat stress significantly induced the expression of RCA ( L ) as determined by both mRNA and protein levels . Correlative analysis indicated that RCA ( S ) protein content was extremely significantly related to Rubisco initial activity and net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) under both heat stress and normal conditions . Immunoblot analysis of the Rubisco-RCA complex revealed that the ratio of RCA ( L ) to Rubisco increased markedly in heat-acclimated rice leaves . Furthermore , transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( L ) exhibited higher thermotolerance in Pn and Rubisco initial activity and grew better at high temperature than wild-type ( WT ) plants and transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( S ) . Under normal conditions , the transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( S ) showed higher Pn and produced more biomass than transgenic rice plants expressing enhanced amounts of RCA ( L ) and wild-type plants . Together , these suggest that the heat-induced RCA ( L ) may play an important role in photosynthetic acclimation to moderate heat stress in vivo , while RCA ( S ) plays a major role in maintaining Rubisco initial activity under normal conditions .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: [ Analysis of the molecular motif for inducing response to jasmonic acid and ethylene in Pib promoter via rice transformation ] .
| | Author: Yu L Yang SH Jin YK Wan JM Zhao BQ | | Journal: Yi Chuan Citation: V : 32 P : 73-80 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20085889 Accession (PMID): 20085889 | | Abstract: The expression of Pib gene in rice was induced by hormone , such as jasmonic acid and ethylene .
In order to determine the necessary regions of sequence or motifs for response to jasmonic acid and ethylene in Pib promoter , the full length promoter of Pib ( -3 , 572 approximately 2 bp ) and three different 5 deletion fragments of Pib promoter ( -2 , 692 approximately 2 bp , -1 , 335 approximately 2 bp , -761 approximately 2 bp ) were synthesized by PCR and then were substituted for 35S upstream gus in a binary plasmid to construct re-combined plasmids of Pib promoter-gus fusions .
Transgenic rice plants of the four recombined plasmids were produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation .
Quality and quantum analysis of gus activities in transgenic plants at both protein and mRNA levels were conducted .
The promotion activity of the full length promoter of Pib ( -3 , 572 approximately 2 bp , pNAR901 ) was the highest in the four recombinants and the gus activities in its transgenic plant organs were enhanced obviously at 6 h after treatment with jasmonic acid or ethylene .
The promotion activity of the deleted Pib promoters was significantly decreased and the response to jasmonic acid or ethylene treatment was not present when the -3 , 572 approximately -2 , 692 bp sequence was knocked out from the Pib promoter .
Although the disparity in the lengths of the deleted Pib promoter of pNAR902 ( -2 , 692 approximately 2 bp ) , pNAR903 ( -1 , 335 approximately 2 bp ) , and pNAR904 ( -761 approximately 2 bp ) was more than 2 or 3 times , the response to jasmonic acid or ethylene treatment was not different among their transgenic plants .
All these results indicated that the common deleted sequences ( -3 , 572 approximately -2 , 692 bp ) in the three deleted Pib promoter constructs were the essential region to the response to jasmonic acid and ethylene treatment .
The result of pib promoter sequence searching indicated that there was only one GCCGCC motif at -2 , 722 bp of this common deleted segment in the Pib promoter sequence .
Our rice transgenic results showed that the GCCGCC may be a cis-motif for Pib gene conferring response to jasmonic acid and ethylene for Pib gene .
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[ Sen. 7, subscore: 3.00 ]: Transgenic rice plants of the four recombined plasmids were produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation . Quality and quantum analysis of gus activities in transgenic plants at both protein and mRNA levels were conducted . The promotion activity of the full length promoter of Pib ( -3 , 572 approximately 2 bp , pNAR901 ) was the highest in the four recombinants and the gus activities in its transgenic plant organs were enhanced obviously at 6 h after treatment with jasmonic acid or ethylene . The promotion activity of the deleted Pib promoters was significantly decreased and the response to jasmonic acid or ethylene treatment was not present when the -3 , 572 approximately -2 , 692 bp sequence was knocked out from the Pib promoter . Although the disparity in the lengths of the deleted Pib promoter of pNAR902 ( -2 , 692 approximately 2 bp ) , pNAR903 ( -1 , 335 approximately 2 bp ) , and pNAR904 ( -761 approximately 2 bp ) was more than 2 or 3 times , the response to jasmonic acid or ethylene treatment was not different among their transgenic plants . All these results indicated that the common deleted sequences ( -3 , 572 approximately -2 , 692 bp ) in the three deleted Pib promoter constructs were the essential region to the response to jasmonic acid and ethylene treatment . The result of pib promoter sequence searching indicated that there was only one GCCGCC motif at -2 , 722 bp of this common deleted segment in the Pib promoter sequence . Our rice transgenic results showed that the GCCGCC may be a cis-motif for Pib gene conferring response to jasmonic acid and ethylene for Pib gene .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The expression of Pib gene in rice was induced by hormone , such as jasmonic acid and ethylene . In order to determine the necessary regions of sequence or motifs for response to jasmonic acid and ethylene in Pib promoter , the full length promoter of Pib ( -3 , 572 approximately 2 bp ) and three different 5 deletion fragments of Pib promoter ( -2 , 692 approximately 2 bp , -1 , 335 approximately 2 bp , -761 approximately 2 bp ) were synthesized by PCR and then were substituted for 35S upstream gus in a binary plasmid to construct re-combined plasmids of Pib promoter-gus fusions . Transgenic rice plants of the four recombined plasmids were produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation . Quality and quantum analysis of gus activities in transgenic plants at both protein and mRNA levels were conducted . The promotion activity of the full length promoter of Pib ( -3 , 572 approximately 2 bp , pNAR901 ) was the highest in the four recombinants and the gus activities in its transgenic plant organs were enhanced obviously at 6 h after treatment with jasmonic acid or ethylene . The promotion activity of the deleted Pib promoters was significantly decreased and the response to jasmonic acid or ethylene treatment was not present when the -3 , 572 approximately -2 , 692 bp sequence was knocked out from the Pib promoter . Although the disparity in the lengths of the deleted Pib promoter of pNAR902 ( -2 , 692 approximately 2 bp ) , pNAR903 ( -1 , 335 approximately 2 bp ) , and pNAR904 ( -761 approximately 2 bp ) was more than 2 or 3 times , the response to jasmonic acid or ethylene treatment was not different among their transgenic plants . All these results indicated that the common deleted sequences ( -3 , 572 approximately -2 , 692 bp ) in the three deleted Pib promoter constructs were the essential region to the response to jasmonic acid and ethylene treatment . The result of pib promoter sequence searching indicated that there was only one GCCGCC motif at -2 , 722 bp of this common deleted segment in the Pib promoter sequence .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Protective effects of pre-germinated brown rice diet on low levels of Pb-induced learning and memory deficits in developing rat .
| | Author: Zhang R Lu H Tian S Yin J Chen Q Ma L Cui S Niu Y | | Journal: Chem Biol Interact Citation: V : 184 P : 484-91 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20138853 Accession (PMID): 20138853 | | Abstract: Lead ( Pb ) is a known neurotoxicant in humans and experimental animals .
Numerous studies have provided evidence that humans , especially young children , and animals chronically intoxicated with low levels of Pb show learning and memory impairments .
Unfortunately , Pb-poisoning cases continue to occur in many countries .
Because the current treatment options are very limited , there is a need for alternative methods to attenuate Pb toxicity .
In this study , the weaning ( postnatal day 21 , PND21 ) rats were randomly divided into five groups : the control group ( AIN-93G diet , de-ionized water ) , the lead acetate ( PbAC ) group ( AIN-93G diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ) , the lead acetate+WR group ( white rice diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ; PbAC+WR ) , the lead acetate+BR group ( brown rice diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ; PbAC+BR ) and the lead acetate+PR group ( pre-germinated brown rice diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ; PbAC+PR ) .
The animals received the different diets until PND60 , and then the experiments were terminated .
The protective effects of pre-germinated brown rice ( PR ) on Pb-induced learning and memory impairment in weaning rats were assessed by the Morris water maze and one-trial-learning passive avoidance test The anti-oxidative effects of feeding a PR diet to Pb-exposed rats were evaluated .
The levels of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) were determined by flow cytometry .
The levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine ( 8-OHdG ) , gamma-aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) and glutamate were determined by HPLC .
Our data showed that feeding a PR diet decreased the accumulation of lead and decreased Pb-induced learning and memory deficits in developing rats .
The mechanisms might be related to the anti-oxidative effects and large amount of GABA in PR .
Our study provides a regimen to reduce Pb-induced toxicity , especially future learning and memory deficits in the developing brain .
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[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Lead ( Pb ) is a known neurotoxicant in humans and experimental animals . Numerous studies have provided evidence that humans , especially young children , and animals chronically intoxicated with low levels of Pb show learning and memory impairments . Unfortunately , Pb-poisoning cases continue to occur in many countries . Because the current treatment options are very limited , there is a need for alternative methods to attenuate Pb toxicity . In this study , the weaning ( postnatal day 21 , PND21 ) rats were randomly divided into five groups : the control group ( AIN-93G diet , de-ionized water ) , the lead acetate ( PbAC ) group ( AIN-93G diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ) , the lead acetate+WR group ( white rice diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ; PbAC+WR ) , the lead acetate+BR group ( brown rice diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ; PbAC+BR ) and the lead acetate+PR group ( pre-germinated brown rice diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ; PbAC+PR ) . The animals received the different diets until PND60 , and then the experiments were terminated . The protective effects of pre-germinated brown rice ( PR ) on Pb-induced learning and memory impairment in weaning rats were assessed by the Morris water maze and one-trial-learning passive avoidance test The anti-oxidative effects of feeding a PR diet to Pb-exposed rats were evaluated . The levels of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) were determined by flow cytometry . The levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine ( 8-OHdG ) , gamma-aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) and glutamate were determined by HPLC .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Numerous studies have provided evidence that humans , especially young children , and animals chronically intoxicated with low levels of Pb show learning and memory impairments . Unfortunately , Pb-poisoning cases continue to occur in many countries . Because the current treatment options are very limited , there is a need for alternative methods to attenuate Pb toxicity . In this study , the weaning ( postnatal day 21 , PND21 ) rats were randomly divided into five groups : the control group ( AIN-93G diet , de-ionized water ) , the lead acetate ( PbAC ) group ( AIN-93G diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ) , the lead acetate+WR group ( white rice diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ; PbAC+WR ) , the lead acetate+BR group ( brown rice diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ; PbAC+BR ) and the lead acetate+PR group ( pre-germinated brown rice diet , 2g/L PbAC in de-ionized water ; PbAC+PR ) . The animals received the different diets until PND60 , and then the experiments were terminated . The protective effects of pre-germinated brown rice ( PR ) on Pb-induced learning and memory impairment in weaning rats were assessed by the Morris water maze and one-trial-learning passive avoidance test The anti-oxidative effects of feeding a PR diet to Pb-exposed rats were evaluated . The levels of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) were determined by flow cytometry . The levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine ( 8-OHdG ) , gamma-aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) and glutamate were determined by HPLC . Our data showed that feeding a PR diet decreased the accumulation of lead and decreased Pb-induced learning and memory deficits in developing rats .
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Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: Treatment of p-nitrophenol in an adsorbent-supplemented sequencing batch reactor .
| | Author: Loo YM Lim PE Seng CE | | Journal: Environ Technol Citation: V : 31 P : 479-87 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20480823 Accession (PMID): 20480823 | | Abstract: The objective of this research was to evaluate the treatment ofp-nitrophenol ( PNP ) as a sole organic carbon source using a sequencing batch reactor ( SBR ) with the addition of adsorbent .
Two types of adsorbents , namely powdered activated carbon ( PAC ) and pyrolysed rice husk ( PRH ) were used in this study .
Two identical SBRs , each with a working volume of 10 L , were operated with fill , react , settle , draw and idle periods in the ratio of 2 : 8 : 1 : 0 . 75 : 0 . 25 for a cycle time of 12 h .
The results showed that , without the addition of adsorbent , increasing the influent PNP concentration to 200 mg/L resulted in the deterioration of chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) removal efficiency and PNP removal efficiency in the SBRs .
Improvement in the performance of the SBR was observed with the addition of PAC .
When the dosage of 1 . 0 g PAC/cycle was applied , COD removal of 95% and almost complete removal of PNP were achieved at the influent PNP concentration of 300 mg/L The kinetic study showed that the rates of COD and PNP removal can be described by the first-order kinetics .
The enhancement of performance in the PAC-supplemented SBR was postulated to be due to the initial adsorption of PNP by the freshly added and the bioregenerated PAC , thus reducing the inhibition on the microorganisms .
The PRH was found to be ineffective because of its relatively low adsorption capacity for PNP , compared with that of PAC .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 3.00 ]: Two types of adsorbents , namely powdered activated carbon ( PAC ) and pyrolysed rice husk ( PRH ) were used in this study . Two identical SBRs , each with a working volume of 10 L , were operated with fill , react , settle , draw and idle periods in the ratio of 2 : 8 : 1 : 0 . 75 : 0 . 25 for a cycle time of 12 h . The results showed that , without the addition of adsorbent , increasing the influent PNP concentration to 200 mg/L resulted in the deterioration of chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) removal efficiency and PNP removal efficiency in the SBRs . Improvement in the performance of the SBR was observed with the addition of PAC . When the dosage of 1 . 0 g PAC/cycle was applied , COD removal of 95% and almost complete removal of PNP were achieved at the influent PNP concentration of 300 mg/L The kinetic study showed that the rates of COD and PNP removal can be described by the first-order kinetics . The enhancement of performance in the PAC-supplemented SBR was postulated to be due to the initial adsorption of PNP by the freshly added and the bioregenerated PAC , thus reducing the inhibition on the microorganisms . The PRH was found to be ineffective because of its relatively low adsorption capacity for PNP , compared with that of PAC .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: The objective of this research was to evaluate the treatment ofp-nitrophenol ( PNP ) as a sole organic carbon source using a sequencing batch reactor ( SBR ) with the addition of adsorbent . Two types of adsorbents , namely powdered activated carbon ( PAC ) and pyrolysed rice husk ( PRH ) were used in this study . Two identical SBRs , each with a working volume of 10 L , were operated with fill , react , settle , draw and idle periods in the ratio of 2 : 8 : 1 : 0 . 75 : 0 . 25 for a cycle time of 12 h . The results showed that , without the addition of adsorbent , increasing the influent PNP concentration to 200 mg/L resulted in the deterioration of chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) removal efficiency and PNP removal efficiency in the SBRs . Improvement in the performance of the SBR was observed with the addition of PAC . When the dosage of 1 . 0 g PAC/cycle was applied , COD removal of 95% and almost complete removal of PNP were achieved at the influent PNP concentration of 300 mg/L The kinetic study showed that the rates of COD and PNP removal can be described by the first-order kinetics . The enhancement of performance in the PAC-supplemented SBR was postulated to be due to the initial adsorption of PNP by the freshly added and the bioregenerated PAC , thus reducing the inhibition on the microorganisms . The PRH was found to be ineffective because of its relatively low adsorption capacity for PNP , compared with that of PAC .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The objective of this research was to evaluate the treatment ofp-nitrophenol ( PNP ) as a sole organic carbon source using a sequencing batch reactor ( SBR ) with the addition of adsorbent . Two types of adsorbents , namely powdered activated carbon ( PAC ) and pyrolysed rice husk ( PRH ) were used in this study . Two identical SBRs , each with a working volume of 10 L , were operated with fill , react , settle , draw and idle periods in the ratio of 2 : 8 : 1 : 0 . 75 : 0 . 25 for a cycle time of 12 h . The results showed that , without the addition of adsorbent , increasing the influent PNP concentration to 200 mg/L resulted in the deterioration of chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) removal efficiency and PNP removal efficiency in the SBRs . Improvement in the performance of the SBR was observed with the addition of PAC .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Two identical SBRs , each with a working volume of 10 L , were operated with fill , react , settle , draw and idle periods in the ratio of 2 : 8 : 1 : 0 . 75 : 0 . 25 for a cycle time of 12 h . The results showed that , without the addition of adsorbent , increasing the influent PNP concentration to 200 mg/L resulted in the deterioration of chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) removal efficiency and PNP removal efficiency in the SBRs . Improvement in the performance of the SBR was observed with the addition of PAC . When the dosage of 1 . 0 g PAC/cycle was applied , COD removal of 95% and almost complete removal of PNP were achieved at the influent PNP concentration of 300 mg/L The kinetic study showed that the rates of COD and PNP removal can be described by the first-order kinetics . The enhancement of performance in the PAC-supplemented SBR was postulated to be due to the initial adsorption of PNP by the freshly added and the bioregenerated PAC , thus reducing the inhibition on the microorganisms . The PRH was found to be ineffective because of its relatively low adsorption capacity for PNP , compared with that of PAC .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: The results showed that , without the addition of adsorbent , increasing the influent PNP concentration to 200 mg/L resulted in the deterioration of chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) removal efficiency and PNP removal efficiency in the SBRs . Improvement in the performance of the SBR was observed with the addition of PAC . When the dosage of 1 . 0 g PAC/cycle was applied , COD removal of 95% and almost complete removal of PNP were achieved at the influent PNP concentration of 300 mg/L The kinetic study showed that the rates of COD and PNP removal can be described by the first-order kinetics . The enhancement of performance in the PAC-supplemented SBR was postulated to be due to the initial adsorption of PNP by the freshly added and the bioregenerated PAC , thus reducing the inhibition on the microorganisms . The PRH was found to be ineffective because of its relatively low adsorption capacity for PNP , compared with that of PAC .
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Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: Rice ragged stunt virus segment S6-encoded nonstructural protein Pns6 complements cell-to-cell movement of Tobacco mosaic virus-based chimeric virus .
| | Author: Wu Z Wu J Adkins S Xie L Li W | | Journal: Virus Res Citation: V : 152 P : 176-9 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20541571 Accession (PMID): 20541571 | | Abstract: The protein ( s ) that support intercellular movement of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) have not yet been identified .
In this study , the role of three nonstructural proteins Pns6 , Pns7 and Pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient Tobacco mosaic virus ( TMV ) vector .
The results showed that only the Pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient TMV in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc and N benthamiana plants , and both N and C-terminal 50 amino acids of Pns6 were essential for the cell-to-cell movement .
Transient expression in epidermal cells from N benthamiana showed that the Pns6-eGFP fusion protein was present predominantly along the cell wall as well as a few punctate sites perhaps indicating plasmodesmata .
Taken together with previous finding that the Pns6 has nucleic acid-binding activity ( Shao et al , 2004 ) , the possible role of Pns6 in cell-to-cell movement of RRSV were discussed .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 3.00 ]: The protein ( s ) that support intercellular movement of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) have not yet been identified . In this study , the role of three nonstructural proteins Pns6 , Pns7 and Pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient Tobacco mosaic virus ( TMV ) vector . The results showed that only the Pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient TMV in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc and N benthamiana plants , and both N and C-terminal 50 amino acids of Pns6 were essential for the cell-to-cell movement . Transient expression in epidermal cells from N benthamiana showed that the Pns6-eGFP fusion protein was present predominantly along the cell wall as well as a few punctate sites perhaps indicating plasmodesmata . Taken together with previous finding that the Pns6 has nucleic acid-binding activity ( Shao et al , 2004 ) , the possible role of Pns6 in cell-to-cell movement of RRSV were discussed .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: The protein ( s ) that support intercellular movement of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) have not yet been identified . In this study , the role of three nonstructural proteins Pns6 , Pns7 and Pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient Tobacco mosaic virus ( TMV ) vector . The results showed that only the Pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient TMV in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc and N benthamiana plants , and both N and C-terminal 50 amino acids of Pns6 were essential for the cell-to-cell movement . Transient expression in epidermal cells from N benthamiana showed that the Pns6-eGFP fusion protein was present predominantly along the cell wall as well as a few punctate sites perhaps indicating plasmodesmata . Taken together with previous finding that the Pns6 has nucleic acid-binding activity ( Shao et al , 2004 ) , the possible role of Pns6 in cell-to-cell movement of RRSV were discussed .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: The protein ( s ) that support intercellular movement of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) have not yet been identified . In this study , the role of three nonstructural proteins Pns6 , Pns7 and Pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient Tobacco mosaic virus ( TMV ) vector . The results showed that only the Pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient TMV in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc and N benthamiana plants , and both N and C-terminal 50 amino acids of Pns6 were essential for the cell-to-cell movement . Transient expression in epidermal cells from N benthamiana showed that the Pns6-eGFP fusion protein was present predominantly along the cell wall as well as a few punctate sites perhaps indicating plasmodesmata . Taken together with previous finding that the Pns6 has nucleic acid-binding activity ( Shao et al , 2004 ) , the possible role of Pns6 in cell-to-cell movement of RRSV were discussed .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The protein ( s ) that support intercellular movement of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) have not yet been identified . In this study , the role of three nonstructural proteins Pns6 , Pns7 and Pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient Tobacco mosaic virus ( TMV ) vector . The results showed that only the Pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient TMV in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc and N benthamiana plants , and both N and C-terminal 50 amino acids of Pns6 were essential for the cell-to-cell movement . Transient expression in epidermal cells from N benthamiana showed that the Pns6-eGFP fusion protein was present predominantly along the cell wall as well as a few punctate sites perhaps indicating plasmodesmata . Taken together with previous finding that the Pns6 has nucleic acid-binding activity ( Shao et al , 2004 ) , the possible role of Pns6 in cell-to-cell movement of RRSV were discussed .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: [ Effects of O3-FACE ( ozone-free air control enrichment ) on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of rice leaf ] .
| | Author: Liang J Zeng Q Zhu JG Zhu CW Cao JL Xie ZB Liu G Tang HY | | Journal: Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi Citation: V : 30 P : 991-5 Year: 2010 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20545147 Accession (PMID): 20545147 | | Abstract: O3-FACE ( Ozone-free air control enrichment ) platform has been established for observing the effect of elevated tropospheric ozone concentration on the gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of two rice varieties ( Wuyunjing 21 and Liangyoupeijiu ) .
The results showed that high ozone concentration decreased the net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , stomatal conductance ( Gs ) , and transpiration rate ( Tr ) of rice leaves .
After 76d fumigation the decline in them for Wuyunjing 21 was as follows : 21 . 7% , 26 . 64% and 24 . 74% respectively , and that for Liangyoupeijiu was as follows : 25 . 53% , 30 . 31% and 25 . 48% respectively ; however , no significant impact on leaf intercellular CO2 concentration was observed .
Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters changed as can be seen by the decrease in F0 ( initial fluorescence in the dark ) , ETR ( The apparent electron transfer rate ) and psiPSII ( actual photochemical efficiency of PS II in the light ) , and the increase in NPQ ( non-photochemical quenching ) .
After 76 days of O3 treatment , the NPQ of Wuyunjing 21 and Liangyoupeijiu was enhanced by 16 . 37% and 11 . 77% , respectively .
The impact of ozone on rice was a cumulative effect , and the extent of variation in the above parameters and the differences between the two varieties were enlarged as the O3 treatment time increased ; At the same time because the rice leaf intercellular CO2 concentration did not significantly reduce , the inferred decrease in net photosynthetic rate was restricted by non-stomatal factors .
The results of this experiment indicated that Liangyoupeijiu was more susceptible to ozone than Wuyunjing 21 .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: O3-FACE ( Ozone-free air control enrichment ) platform has been established for observing the effect of elevated tropospheric ozone concentration on the gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of two rice varieties ( Wuyunjing 21 and Liangyoupeijiu ) . The results showed that high ozone concentration decreased the net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , stomatal conductance ( Gs ) , and transpiration rate ( Tr ) of rice leaves . After 76d fumigation the decline in them for Wuyunjing 21 was as follows : 21 . 7% , 26 . 64% and 24 . 74% respectively , and that for Liangyoupeijiu was as follows : 25 . 53% , 30 . 31% and 25 . 48% respectively ; however , no significant impact on leaf intercellular CO2 concentration was observed . Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters changed as can be seen by the decrease in F0 ( initial fluorescence in the dark ) , ETR ( The apparent electron transfer rate ) and psiPSII ( actual photochemical efficiency of PS II in the light ) , and the increase in NPQ ( non-photochemical quenching ) . After 76 days of O3 treatment , the NPQ of Wuyunjing 21 and Liangyoupeijiu was enhanced by 16 . 37% and 11 . 77% , respectively . The impact of ozone on rice was a cumulative effect , and the extent of variation in the above parameters and the differences between the two varieties were enlarged as the O3 treatment time increased ; At the same time because the rice leaf intercellular CO2 concentration did not significantly reduce , the inferred decrease in net photosynthetic rate was restricted by non-stomatal factors .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Stable expression of rice dwarf virus Pns10 suppresses the post-transcriptional gene silencing in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants .
| | Author: Zhou P Ren B Zhang XM Wang Y Wei CH Li Y | | Journal: Acta Virol Citation: V : 54 P : 99-104 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20545438 Accession (PMID): 20545438 | Abstract: RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism that defends against viral infection and retrotransposon activity for protection of the genome .
Segment 10 ( S10 ) of Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) encodes Pns10 protein , a viral suppressor of RNAi that suppresses the host RNA silencing machinery .
In this study , we obtained stable transgenic RDV-S10 Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing Pns10 .
Suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing ( PTGS ) by Pns10 supported the conclusion that this protein exhibited the RNA silencing suppressor activity .
In particular , the transgenic plants stably expressing a viral suppressor of RNAi ( VSR ) provide a model system for investigating the mechanism of RNA silencing .
Keywords : RNA silencing ; VSR ; Rice dwarf virus ; Pns10 ; transgenic plant .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism that defends against viral infection and retrotransposon activity for protection of the genome . Segment 10 ( S10 ) of Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) encodes Pns10 protein , a viral suppressor of RNAi that suppresses the host RNA silencing machinery . In this study , we obtained stable transgenic RDV-S10 Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing Pns10 . Suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing ( PTGS ) by Pns10 supported the conclusion that this protein exhibited the RNA silencing suppressor activity . In particular , the transgenic plants stably expressing a viral suppressor of RNAi ( VSR ) provide a model system for investigating the mechanism of RNA silencing .
Keywords : RNA silencing ; VSR ; Rice dwarf virus ; Pns10 ; transgenic plant .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism that defends against viral infection and retrotransposon activity for protection of the genome . Segment 10 ( S10 ) of Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) encodes Pns10 protein , a viral suppressor of RNAi that suppresses the host RNA silencing machinery . In this study , we obtained stable transgenic RDV-S10 Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing Pns10 . Suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing ( PTGS ) by Pns10 supported the conclusion that this protein exhibited the RNA silencing suppressor activity . In particular , the transgenic plants stably expressing a viral suppressor of RNAi ( VSR ) provide a model system for investigating the mechanism of RNA silencing .
Keywords : RNA silencing ; VSR ; Rice dwarf virus ; Pns10 ; transgenic plant .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism that defends against viral infection and retrotransposon activity for protection of the genome . Segment 10 ( S10 ) of Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) encodes Pns10 protein , a viral suppressor of RNAi that suppresses the host RNA silencing machinery . In this study , we obtained stable transgenic RDV-S10 Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing Pns10 . Suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing ( PTGS ) by Pns10 supported the conclusion that this protein exhibited the RNA silencing suppressor activity . In particular , the transgenic plants stably expressing a viral suppressor of RNAi ( VSR ) provide a model system for investigating the mechanism of RNA silencing .
Keywords : RNA silencing ; VSR ; Rice dwarf virus ; Pns10 ; transgenic plant .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism that defends against viral infection and retrotransposon activity for protection of the genome . Segment 10 ( S10 ) of Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) encodes Pns10 protein , a viral suppressor of RNAi that suppresses the host RNA silencing machinery . In this study , we obtained stable transgenic RDV-S10 Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing Pns10 . Suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing ( PTGS ) by Pns10 supported the conclusion that this protein exhibited the RNA silencing suppressor activity . In particular , the transgenic plants stably expressing a viral suppressor of RNAi ( VSR ) provide a model system for investigating the mechanism of RNA silencing .
Keywords : RNA silencing ; VSR ; Rice dwarf virus ; Pns10 ; transgenic plant .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Medicinal uses of the mushroom Cordyceps militaris : current state and prospects .
| | Author: Das SK Masuda M Sakurai A Sakakibara M | | Journal: Fitoterapia Citation: V : 81 P : 961-8 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20650308 Accession (PMID): 20650308 | | Abstract: Cordyceps militaris is a potential harbour of bio-metabolites for herbal drugs and evidences are available about its applications for revitalization of various systems of the body from ancient times .
Amongst all the species , C militaris is considered as the oldest source of some useful chemical constituents .
Besides their popular applications for tonic medicine by the all stairs of the community , the constituents of C militaris are now used extensively in modern systems of medicine .
The current survey records the mysterious potentials of C militaris are boosting up the present herbal treatments , as well as gearing up the green pharmacy revolution , in order to create a friendly environment with reasonable safety .
Evidence showed that the active principles of C militaris are beneficial to act as pro-sexual , anti-inflammatory , anti-oxidant/anti-aging , anti-tumour/anti-cancer/anti-leukemic , anti-proliferative , anti-metastatic , immunomodulatory , anti-microbial , anti-bacterial , anti-viral , anti-fungal , anti-protozoal , insecticidal , larvicidal , anti-fibrotic , steroidogenic , hypoglacaemic , hypolipidaemic , anti-angiogenetic , anti-diabetic , anti-HIV , anti-malarial , anti-fatigue , neuroprotective , liver-protective , reno-protective as well as pneumo-protective , let alone their other synergistic activities , which let it be marketable in the western countries as over-the-counter medicine .
A number of culture techniques for this mushroom have been noticed , for example , storage/stock culture , pre-culture , popular/indigenous culture ( spawn culture , husked rice culture and saw dust culture ) and , special/laboratory culture ( shaking culture , submerged culture , surface liquid culture and continuous/repeated batch culture ) .
The prospects for herbal biotechnology regarding drug discovery using C militaris delivering what it has promised are high , as the technology is now extremely more powerful than before .
This study chiefly highlights the medicinal uses of the mushroom C militaris including its culture techniques , also aiming to draw sufficient attention of the researchers to the frontier research needs in this context .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Cordyceps militaris is a potential harbour of bio-metabolites for herbal drugs and evidences are available about its applications for revitalization of various systems of the body from ancient times . Amongst all the species , C militaris is considered as the oldest source of some useful chemical constituents . Besides their popular applications for tonic medicine by the all stairs of the community , the constituents of C militaris are now used extensively in modern systems of medicine . The current survey records the mysterious potentials of C militaris are boosting up the present herbal treatments , as well as gearing up the green pharmacy revolution , in order to create a friendly environment with reasonable safety . Evidence showed that the active principles of C militaris are beneficial to act as pro-sexual , anti-inflammatory , anti-oxidant/anti-aging , anti-tumour/anti-cancer/anti-leukemic , anti-proliferative , anti-metastatic , immunomodulatory , anti-microbial , anti-bacterial , anti-viral , anti-fungal , anti-protozoal , insecticidal , larvicidal , anti-fibrotic , steroidogenic , hypoglacaemic , hypolipidaemic , anti-angiogenetic , anti-diabetic , anti-HIV , anti-malarial , anti-fatigue , neuroprotective , liver-protective , reno-protective as well as pneumo-protective , let alone their other synergistic activities , which let it be marketable in the western countries as over-the-counter medicine . A number of culture techniques for this mushroom have been noticed , for example , storage/stock culture , pre-culture , popular/indigenous culture ( spawn culture , husked rice culture and saw dust culture ) and , special/laboratory culture ( shaking culture , submerged culture , surface liquid culture and continuous/repeated batch culture ) . The prospects for herbal biotechnology regarding drug discovery using C militaris delivering what it has promised are high , as the technology is now extremely more powerful than before . This study chiefly highlights the medicinal uses of the mushroom C militaris including its culture techniques , also aiming to draw sufficient attention of the researchers to the frontier research needs in this context .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Rice protein isolate improves lipid and glucose homeostasis in rats fed high fat/high cholesterol diets .
| | Author: Ronis MJ Badeaux J Chen Y Badger TM | | Journal: Exp Biol Med ( Maywood ) Citation: V : 235 P : 1102-13 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20667909 Accession (PMID): 20667909 | | Abstract: In order to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying effects of feeding rice protein on lipid and glucose homeostasis , weanling rats were fed AIN-93G diets made with casein or rice protein isolate ( RPI ) for 14 d .
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ( PPAR ) alpha genes and proteins involved in fatty acid degradation were upregulated by feeding RPI ( P < 0 . 05 ) , accompanied by increased promoter binding and nuclear expression of PPARalpha and its heterodimerization partner retinoid X receptor ( P < 0 . 05 ) .
Effects of RPI feeding on hepatic PPARgamma signaling were significant but less robust Feeding RPI also increased hepatic genes involved in cholesterol metabolism and transport .
However , feeding RPI had no effect on binding of liver X-receptor ( LXR ) alpha to the cytochrome P450 ( CYP ) 7A1 promoter .
The effect of RPI feeding on PPARalpha signaling appeared to be direct and was reversed when RPI diets were switched to casein .
In another experiment , male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed casein diets from postnatal day ( PND ) 24 to PND64 or were fed high fat Western diets containing 0 . 5% cholesterol made with either casein or RPI .
Increased liver triglyceride content , hypercholesterolemia and insulin resistance in the Western diet-fed rats were partially prevented by feeding RPI ( P < 0 . 05 ) . mRNA and protein expression of hepatic enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis were suppressed by feeding Western diets containing RPI ( P < 0 . 05 ) , despite a lack of effects on nuclear concentrations of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c .
These data suggest that attenuation of metabolic syndrome observed in RPI-fed rats after consumption of diets high in fat and cholesterol occur as a result of improved lipid and glucose homeostasis partly as a result of activation of PPARs .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 2.00 ]: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ( PPAR ) alpha genes and proteins involved in fatty acid degradation were upregulated by feeding RPI ( P < 0 . 05 ) , accompanied by increased promoter binding and nuclear expression of PPARalpha and its heterodimerization partner retinoid X receptor ( P < 0 . 05 ) . Effects of RPI feeding on hepatic PPARgamma signaling were significant but less robust Feeding RPI also increased hepatic genes involved in cholesterol metabolism and transport . However , feeding RPI had no effect on binding of liver X-receptor ( LXR ) alpha to the cytochrome P450 ( CYP ) 7A1 promoter . The effect of RPI feeding on PPARalpha signaling appeared to be direct and was reversed when RPI diets were switched to casein . In another experiment , male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed casein diets from postnatal day ( PND ) 24 to PND64 or were fed high fat Western diets containing 0 . 5% cholesterol made with either casein or RPI . Increased liver triglyceride content , hypercholesterolemia and insulin resistance in the Western diet-fed rats were partially prevented by feeding RPI ( P < 0 . 05 ) . mRNA and protein expression of hepatic enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis were suppressed by feeding Western diets containing RPI ( P < 0 . 05 ) , despite a lack of effects on nuclear concentrations of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c . These data suggest that attenuation of metabolic syndrome observed in RPI-fed rats after consumption of diets high in fat and cholesterol occur as a result of improved lipid and glucose homeostasis partly as a result of activation of PPARs .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Intracellular and extracellular free N-glycans produced by plant cells : occurrence of unusual plant complex-type free N-glycans in extracellular spaces .
| | Author: Maeda M Kimura M Kimura Y | | Journal: J Biochem Citation: V : 148 P : 681-92 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20829342 Accession (PMID): 20829342 | | Abstract: As a part of the study to reveal the biological significance of de-N-glycosylation in plants , we analysed the structural features of free N-glycans ( FNGs ) accumulated inside cells and secreted to the extracellular space using a rice cell culture system .
The structural analysis of FNGs obtained from the intracellular fraction revealed that the high-mannose type N-glycans with one GlcNAc residue ( GN1-type ) occurred at a concentration of approximately 10 nmol/g , while the truncated complex type N-glycans with a N , N-diacetylchitobiosyl unit ( GN2-type ) occurred at a concentration of approximately 1 nmol/g .
This result suggested that two kinds of glycoenzymes , cytosolic endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase ( ENGase ) and intracellular acidic peptide : N-glycanse ( PNGase ) , are involved in the production of FNGs in rice cell as well as in other plant cells .
On the other hand , in the culture medium , Lewis a epitope-containing complex and high-mannose type FNGs with the N , N-diacetylchitobiosyl unit were found , suggesting extracellular acidic PNGase to be involved in the release of N-glycans from folded/processed glycoproteins in extracellular space .
Furthermore , in the culture medium , we found unusual GN1-FNGs that have a biantennary complex type structure harbouring the Lewis a epitope , suggesting cytosolic ENGase and golgi N-glycan-processing enzymes to be involved in the production of these plant complex type FNGs .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: As a part of the study to reveal the biological significance of de-N-glycosylation in plants , we analysed the structural features of free N-glycans ( FNGs ) accumulated inside cells and secreted to the extracellular space using a rice cell culture system . The structural analysis of FNGs obtained from the intracellular fraction revealed that the high-mannose type N-glycans with one GlcNAc residue ( GN1-type ) occurred at a concentration of approximately 10 nmol/g , while the truncated complex type N-glycans with a N , N-diacetylchitobiosyl unit ( GN2-type ) occurred at a concentration of approximately 1 nmol/g . This result suggested that two kinds of glycoenzymes , cytosolic endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase ( ENGase ) and intracellular acidic peptide : N-glycanse ( PNGase ) , are involved in the production of FNGs in rice cell as well as in other plant cells . On the other hand , in the culture medium , Lewis a epitope-containing complex and high-mannose type FNGs with the N , N-diacetylchitobiosyl unit were found , suggesting extracellular acidic PNGase to be involved in the release of N-glycans from folded/processed glycoproteins in extracellular space . Furthermore , in the culture medium , we found unusual GN1-FNGs that have a biantennary complex type structure harbouring the Lewis a epitope , suggesting cytosolic ENGase and golgi N-glycan-processing enzymes to be involved in the production of these plant complex type FNGs .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: As a part of the study to reveal the biological significance of de-N-glycosylation in plants , we analysed the structural features of free N-glycans ( FNGs ) accumulated inside cells and secreted to the extracellular space using a rice cell culture system . The structural analysis of FNGs obtained from the intracellular fraction revealed that the high-mannose type N-glycans with one GlcNAc residue ( GN1-type ) occurred at a concentration of approximately 10 nmol/g , while the truncated complex type N-glycans with a N , N-diacetylchitobiosyl unit ( GN2-type ) occurred at a concentration of approximately 1 nmol/g . This result suggested that two kinds of glycoenzymes , cytosolic endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase ( ENGase ) and intracellular acidic peptide : N-glycanse ( PNGase ) , are involved in the production of FNGs in rice cell as well as in other plant cells . On the other hand , in the culture medium , Lewis a epitope-containing complex and high-mannose type FNGs with the N , N-diacetylchitobiosyl unit were found , suggesting extracellular acidic PNGase to be involved in the release of N-glycans from folded/processed glycoproteins in extracellular space . Furthermore , in the culture medium , we found unusual GN1-FNGs that have a biantennary complex type structure harbouring the Lewis a epitope , suggesting cytosolic ENGase and golgi N-glycan-processing enzymes to be involved in the production of these plant complex type FNGs .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Multiple functions of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns10 in suppressing systemic RNA silencing .
| | Author: Ren B Guo Y Gao F Zhou P Wu F Meng Z Wei C Li Y | | Journal: J Virol Citation: V : 84 P : 12914-23 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub20926568 Accession (PMID): 20926568 | | Abstract: RNA silencing is a potent mechanism of antiviral defense response in plants and other organisms .
For counterdefense , viruses have evolved a variety of suppressors of RNA silencing ( VSRs ) that can inhibit distinct steps of a silencing pathway .
We previously identified Pns10 encoded by Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) as a VSR , the first of its kind from double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses .
In this study we investigated the mechanisms of Pns10 function in suppressing systemic RNA silencing in the widely used Nicotiana benthamiana model plant .
We report that Pns10 suppresses local and systemic RNA silencing triggered by sense mRNA , enhances viral replication and/or viral RNA stability in inoculated leaves , accelerates the systemic spread of viral infection , and enables viral invasion of shoot apices .
Mechanistically , Pns10 interferes with the perception of silencing signals in recipient it issues , binds double-stranded small interfering RNA ( siRNAs ) with two-nucleotide 3 overhangs , and causes the downregulated expression of RDR6 .
These results significantly deepen our mechanistic understanding of the VSR functions encoded by a dsRNA virus and contribute additional evidence that binding siRNAs and interfering with RDR6 expression are broad mechanisms of VSR functions encoded by diverse groups of viruses .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a potent mechanism of antiviral defense response in plants and other organisms . For counterdefense , viruses have evolved a variety of suppressors of RNA silencing ( VSRs ) that can inhibit distinct steps of a silencing pathway . We previously identified Pns10 encoded by Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) as a VSR , the first of its kind from double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses . In this study we investigated the mechanisms of Pns10 function in suppressing systemic RNA silencing in the widely used Nicotiana benthamiana model plant . We report that Pns10 suppresses local and systemic RNA silencing triggered by sense mRNA , enhances viral replication and/or viral RNA stability in inoculated leaves , accelerates the systemic spread of viral infection , and enables viral invasion of shoot apices . Mechanistically , Pns10 interferes with the perception of silencing signals in recipient it issues , binds double-stranded small interfering RNA ( siRNAs ) with two-nucleotide 3 overhangs , and causes the downregulated expression of RDR6 . These results significantly deepen our mechanistic understanding of the VSR functions encoded by a dsRNA virus and contribute additional evidence that binding siRNAs and interfering with RDR6 expression are broad mechanisms of VSR functions encoded by diverse groups of viruses .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a potent mechanism of antiviral defense response in plants and other organisms . For counterdefense , viruses have evolved a variety of suppressors of RNA silencing ( VSRs ) that can inhibit distinct steps of a silencing pathway . We previously identified Pns10 encoded by Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) as a VSR , the first of its kind from double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses . In this study we investigated the mechanisms of Pns10 function in suppressing systemic RNA silencing in the widely used Nicotiana benthamiana model plant . We report that Pns10 suppresses local and systemic RNA silencing triggered by sense mRNA , enhances viral replication and/or viral RNA stability in inoculated leaves , accelerates the systemic spread of viral infection , and enables viral invasion of shoot apices . Mechanistically , Pns10 interferes with the perception of silencing signals in recipient it issues , binds double-stranded small interfering RNA ( siRNAs ) with two-nucleotide 3 overhangs , and causes the downregulated expression of RDR6 . These results significantly deepen our mechanistic understanding of the VSR functions encoded by a dsRNA virus and contribute additional evidence that binding siRNAs and interfering with RDR6 expression are broad mechanisms of VSR functions encoded by diverse groups of viruses .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a potent mechanism of antiviral defense response in plants and other organisms . For counterdefense , viruses have evolved a variety of suppressors of RNA silencing ( VSRs ) that can inhibit distinct steps of a silencing pathway . We previously identified Pns10 encoded by Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) as a VSR , the first of its kind from double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses . In this study we investigated the mechanisms of Pns10 function in suppressing systemic RNA silencing in the widely used Nicotiana benthamiana model plant . We report that Pns10 suppresses local and systemic RNA silencing triggered by sense mRNA , enhances viral replication and/or viral RNA stability in inoculated leaves , accelerates the systemic spread of viral infection , and enables viral invasion of shoot apices . Mechanistically , Pns10 interferes with the perception of silencing signals in recipient it issues , binds double-stranded small interfering RNA ( siRNAs ) with two-nucleotide 3 overhangs , and causes the downregulated expression of RDR6 . These results significantly deepen our mechanistic understanding of the VSR functions encoded by a dsRNA virus and contribute additional evidence that binding siRNAs and interfering with RDR6 expression are broad mechanisms of VSR functions encoded by diverse groups of viruses .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: For counterdefense , viruses have evolved a variety of suppressors of RNA silencing ( VSRs ) that can inhibit distinct steps of a silencing pathway . We previously identified Pns10 encoded by Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) as a VSR , the first of its kind from double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses . In this study we investigated the mechanisms of Pns10 function in suppressing systemic RNA silencing in the widely used Nicotiana benthamiana model plant . We report that Pns10 suppresses local and systemic RNA silencing triggered by sense mRNA , enhances viral replication and/or viral RNA stability in inoculated leaves , accelerates the systemic spread of viral infection , and enables viral invasion of shoot apices . Mechanistically , Pns10 interferes with the perception of silencing signals in recipient it issues , binds double-stranded small interfering RNA ( siRNAs ) with two-nucleotide 3 overhangs , and causes the downregulated expression of RDR6 . These results significantly deepen our mechanistic understanding of the VSR functions encoded by a dsRNA virus and contribute additional evidence that binding siRNAs and interfering with RDR6 expression are broad mechanisms of VSR functions encoded by diverse groups of viruses .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Arsenic tolerances in rice ( Oryza sativa ) have a predominant role in transcriptional regulation of a set of genes including sulphur assimilation pathway and antioxidant system .
| | Author: Rai A Tripathi P Dwivedi S Dubey S Shri M Kumar S Tripathi PK Dave R Kumar A Singh R Adhikari B Bag M Tripathi RD Trivedi PK Chakrabarty D Tuli R | | Journal: Chemosphere Citation: V : 82 P : 986-95 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21075415 Accession (PMID): 21075415 | | Abstract: World wide arsenic ( As ) contamination of rice has raised much concern as it is the staple crop for millions .
Four most commonly cultivated rice cultivars , Triguna , IR-36 , PNR-519 and IET-4786 , of the West Bengal region were taken for a hydroponic study to examine the effect of arsenate ( As ( V ) ) and arsenite ( As ( III ) ) on growth response , expression of genes and antioxidants vis-a-vis As accumulation .
The rice genotypes responded differentially under As ( V ) and As ( III ) stress in terms of gene expression and antioxidant defences .
Some of the transporters were up-regulated in all rice cultivars at lower doses of As species , except IET-4786 .
Phytochelatin synthase , GST and gamma-ECS showed considerable variation in their expression pattern in all genotypes , however in IET-4786 they were generally down-regulated in higher As ( III ) stress .
Similarly , most of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ) , guaiacol peroxidase ( GPX ) , catalase ( CAT ) , monodehydroascorbate reductase ( MDHAR ) and dehydroascorbate reductase ( DHAR ) increased significantly in Triguna , IR-36 and PNR-519 and decreased in IET-4786 .
Our study suggests that Triguna , IR-36 and PNR-519 are tolerant rice cultivars accumulating higher arsenic ; however IET-4786 is susceptible to As-stress and accumulates less arsenic than other cultivars .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: World wide arsenic ( As ) contamination of rice has raised much concern as it is the staple crop for millions . Four most commonly cultivated rice cultivars , Triguna , IR-36 , PNR-519 and IET-4786 , of the West Bengal region were taken for a hydroponic study to examine the effect of arsenate ( As ( V ) ) and arsenite ( As ( III ) ) on growth response , expression of genes and antioxidants vis-a-vis As accumulation . The rice genotypes responded differentially under As ( V ) and As ( III ) stress in terms of gene expression and antioxidant defences . Some of the transporters were up-regulated in all rice cultivars at lower doses of As species , except IET-4786 . Phytochelatin synthase , GST and gamma-ECS showed considerable variation in their expression pattern in all genotypes , however in IET-4786 they were generally down-regulated in higher As ( III ) stress . Similarly , most of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ) , guaiacol peroxidase ( GPX ) , catalase ( CAT ) , monodehydroascorbate reductase ( MDHAR ) and dehydroascorbate reductase ( DHAR ) increased significantly in Triguna , IR-36 and PNR-519 and decreased in IET-4786 .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Four most commonly cultivated rice cultivars , Triguna , IR-36 , PNR-519 and IET-4786 , of the West Bengal region were taken for a hydroponic study to examine the effect of arsenate ( As ( V ) ) and arsenite ( As ( III ) ) on growth response , expression of genes and antioxidants vis-a-vis As accumulation . The rice genotypes responded differentially under As ( V ) and As ( III ) stress in terms of gene expression and antioxidant defences . Some of the transporters were up-regulated in all rice cultivars at lower doses of As species , except IET-4786 . Phytochelatin synthase , GST and gamma-ECS showed considerable variation in their expression pattern in all genotypes , however in IET-4786 they were generally down-regulated in higher As ( III ) stress . Similarly , most of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ) , guaiacol peroxidase ( GPX ) , catalase ( CAT ) , monodehydroascorbate reductase ( MDHAR ) and dehydroascorbate reductase ( DHAR ) increased significantly in Triguna , IR-36 and PNR-519 and decreased in IET-4786 . Our study suggests that Triguna , IR-36 and PNR-519 are tolerant rice cultivars accumulating higher arsenic ; however IET-4786 is susceptible to As-stress and accumulates less arsenic than other cultivars .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice genotypes responded differentially under As ( V ) and As ( III ) stress in terms of gene expression and antioxidant defences . Some of the transporters were up-regulated in all rice cultivars at lower doses of As species , except IET-4786 . Phytochelatin synthase , GST and gamma-ECS showed considerable variation in their expression pattern in all genotypes , however in IET-4786 they were generally down-regulated in higher As ( III ) stress . Similarly , most of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ) , guaiacol peroxidase ( GPX ) , catalase ( CAT ) , monodehydroascorbate reductase ( MDHAR ) and dehydroascorbate reductase ( DHAR ) increased significantly in Triguna , IR-36 and PNR-519 and decreased in IET-4786 . Our study suggests that Triguna , IR-36 and PNR-519 are tolerant rice cultivars accumulating higher arsenic ; however IET-4786 is susceptible to As-stress and accumulates less arsenic than other cultivars .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Arsenate exposure affects amino acids , mineral nutrient status and antioxidants in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) genotypes .
| | Author: Dwivedi S Tripathi RD Tripathi P Kumar A Dave R Mishra S Singh R Sharma D Rai UN Chakrabarty D Trivedi PK Adhikari B Bag MK Dhankher OP Tuli R | | Journal: Environ Sci Technol Citation: V : 44 P : 9542-9 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21077666 Accession (PMID): 21077666 | | Abstract: Simulated pot experiments were conducted on four rice ( Oryza sativa L ) genotypes ( Triguna , IR-36 , PNR-519 , and IET-4786 ) to examine the effects of As ( V ) on amino acids and mineral nutrient status in grain along with antioxidant response to arsenic exposure .
Rice genotypes responded differentially to As ( V ) exposure in terms of amino acids and antioxidant profiles .
Total amino acid content in grains of all rice genotypes was positively correlated with arsenic accumulation .
While , most of the essential amino acids increased in all cultivars except IR-36 , glutamic acid and glycine increased in IET-4786 and PNR-519 .
The level of nonprotein thiols ( NPTs ) and the activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ; EC 1 . 15 . 1 . 1 ) , glutathione reductase ( GR ; EC 1 . 6 . 4 . 2 ) and ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ; EC 1 . 11 . 1 . 11 ) increased in all rice cultivars except IET-4786 .
A significant genotypic variation was also observed in specific arsenic uptake ( SAU ; mg kg ( -1 ) dw ) , which was in the order of Triguna ( 134 ) > IR-36 ( 71 ) > PNR-519 ( 53 ) > IET-4786 ( 29 ) .
Further , application of As ( V ) at lower doses ( 4 and 8 mg L ( -1 ) As ) enhanced the accumulation of selenium ( Se ) and other nutrients ( Fe , P , Zn , and S ) , however , higher dose ( 12 mg L ( -1 ) As ) limits the nutrient uptake in rice .
In conclusion , low As accumulating genotype , IET-4786 , which also had significantly induced level of essential amino acids , seems suitable for cultivation in moderately As contaminated soil and would be safe for human consumption .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Simulated pot experiments were conducted on four rice ( Oryza sativa L ) genotypes ( Triguna , IR-36 , PNR-519 , and IET-4786 ) to examine the effects of As ( V ) on amino acids and mineral nutrient status in grain along with antioxidant response to arsenic exposure . Rice genotypes responded differentially to As ( V ) exposure in terms of amino acids and antioxidant profiles . Total amino acid content in grains of all rice genotypes was positively correlated with arsenic accumulation . While , most of the essential amino acids increased in all cultivars except IR-36 , glutamic acid and glycine increased in IET-4786 and PNR-519 . The level of nonprotein thiols ( NPTs ) and the activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ; EC 1 . 15 . 1 . 1 ) , glutathione reductase ( GR ; EC 1 . 6 . 4 . 2 ) and ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ; EC 1 . 11 . 1 . 11 ) increased in all rice cultivars except IET-4786 .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Simulated pot experiments were conducted on four rice ( Oryza sativa L ) genotypes ( Triguna , IR-36 , PNR-519 , and IET-4786 ) to examine the effects of As ( V ) on amino acids and mineral nutrient status in grain along with antioxidant response to arsenic exposure . Rice genotypes responded differentially to As ( V ) exposure in terms of amino acids and antioxidant profiles . Total amino acid content in grains of all rice genotypes was positively correlated with arsenic accumulation . While , most of the essential amino acids increased in all cultivars except IR-36 , glutamic acid and glycine increased in IET-4786 and PNR-519 . The level of nonprotein thiols ( NPTs ) and the activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ; EC 1 . 15 . 1 . 1 ) , glutathione reductase ( GR ; EC 1 . 6 . 4 . 2 ) and ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ; EC 1 . 11 . 1 . 11 ) increased in all rice cultivars except IET-4786 . A significant genotypic variation was also observed in specific arsenic uptake ( SAU ; mg kg ( -1 ) dw ) , which was in the order of Triguna ( 134 ) > IR-36 ( 71 ) > PNR-519 ( 53 ) > IET-4786 ( 29 ) . Further , application of As ( V ) at lower doses ( 4 and 8 mg L ( -1 ) As ) enhanced the accumulation of selenium ( Se ) and other nutrients ( Fe , P , Zn , and S ) , however , higher dose ( 12 mg L ( -1 ) As ) limits the nutrient uptake in rice . In conclusion , low As accumulating genotype , IET-4786 , which also had significantly induced level of essential amino acids , seems suitable for cultivation in moderately As contaminated soil and would be safe for human consumption .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice genotypes responded differentially to As ( V ) exposure in terms of amino acids and antioxidant profiles . Total amino acid content in grains of all rice genotypes was positively correlated with arsenic accumulation . While , most of the essential amino acids increased in all cultivars except IR-36 , glutamic acid and glycine increased in IET-4786 and PNR-519 . The level of nonprotein thiols ( NPTs ) and the activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ; EC 1 . 15 . 1 . 1 ) , glutathione reductase ( GR ; EC 1 . 6 . 4 . 2 ) and ascorbate peroxidase ( APX ; EC 1 . 11 . 1 . 11 ) increased in all rice cultivars except IET-4786 . A significant genotypic variation was also observed in specific arsenic uptake ( SAU ; mg kg ( -1 ) dw ) , which was in the order of Triguna ( 134 ) > IR-36 ( 71 ) > PNR-519 ( 53 ) > IET-4786 ( 29 ) . Further , application of As ( V ) at lower doses ( 4 and 8 mg L ( -1 ) As ) enhanced the accumulation of selenium ( Se ) and other nutrients ( Fe , P , Zn , and S ) , however , higher dose ( 12 mg L ( -1 ) As ) limits the nutrient uptake in rice . In conclusion , low As accumulating genotype , IET-4786 , which also had significantly induced level of essential amino acids , seems suitable for cultivation in moderately As contaminated soil and would be safe for human consumption .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Identification of Pns6 , a putative movement protein of RRSV , as a silencing suppressor .
| | Author: Wu J Du Z Wang C Cai L Hu M Lin Q Wu Z Li Y Xie L | | Journal: Virol J Citation: V : 7 P : 335 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21092155 Accession (PMID): 21092155 | | Abstract: RNA silencing is a potent antiviral response in plants .
As a counterdefense , most plant and some animal viruses encode RNA silencing suppressors .
In this study , we showed that Pns6 , a putative movement protein of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , exhibited silencing suppressor activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c .
Pns6 of RRSV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA .
Deletion of a region involved in RNA binding abolished the silencing suppressor activity of Pns6 .
Further , expression of Pns6 enhanced Potato virus x pathogenicity in N benthamiana .
Collectively , these results suggested that RRSV Pns6 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing that targets an upstream step of the dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
This is the first silencing suppressor to be identified from the genus Oryzavirus .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a potent antiviral response in plants . As a counterdefense , most plant and some animal viruses encode RNA silencing suppressors . In this study , we showed that Pns6 , a putative movement protein of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , exhibited silencing suppressor activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns6 of RRSV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Deletion of a region involved in RNA binding abolished the silencing suppressor activity of Pns6 . Further , expression of Pns6 enhanced Potato virus x pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RRSV Pns6 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing that targets an upstream step of the dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a potent antiviral response in plants . As a counterdefense , most plant and some animal viruses encode RNA silencing suppressors . In this study , we showed that Pns6 , a putative movement protein of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , exhibited silencing suppressor activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns6 of RRSV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Deletion of a region involved in RNA binding abolished the silencing suppressor activity of Pns6 . Further , expression of Pns6 enhanced Potato virus x pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RRSV Pns6 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing that targets an upstream step of the dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway . This is the first silencing suppressor to be identified from the genus Oryzavirus .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a potent antiviral response in plants . As a counterdefense , most plant and some animal viruses encode RNA silencing suppressors . In this study , we showed that Pns6 , a putative movement protein of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , exhibited silencing suppressor activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns6 of RRSV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Deletion of a region involved in RNA binding abolished the silencing suppressor activity of Pns6 . Further , expression of Pns6 enhanced Potato virus x pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RRSV Pns6 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing that targets an upstream step of the dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway . This is the first silencing suppressor to be identified from the genus Oryzavirus .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: As a counterdefense , most plant and some animal viruses encode RNA silencing suppressors . In this study , we showed that Pns6 , a putative movement protein of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , exhibited silencing suppressor activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns6 of RRSV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Deletion of a region involved in RNA binding abolished the silencing suppressor activity of Pns6 . Further , expression of Pns6 enhanced Potato virus x pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RRSV Pns6 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing that targets an upstream step of the dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway . This is the first silencing suppressor to be identified from the genus Oryzavirus .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this study , we showed that Pns6 , a putative movement protein of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , exhibited silencing suppressor activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns6 of RRSV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Deletion of a region involved in RNA binding abolished the silencing suppressor activity of Pns6 . Further , expression of Pns6 enhanced Potato virus x pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RRSV Pns6 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing that targets an upstream step of the dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway . This is the first silencing suppressor to be identified from the genus Oryzavirus .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Study on mechanisms of colonization of nitrogen-fixing PGPB , Klebsiella pneumoniae NG14 on the root surface of rice and the formation of biofilm .
| | Author: Liu Y Wang H Sun X Yang H Wang Y Song W | | Journal: Curr Microbiol Citation: V : 62 P : 1113-22 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21132569 Accession (PMID): 21132569 | | Abstract: Plant growth-promoting bacteria ( PGPB ) refer to the bacteria beneficial to plants , and they may affect the growth and development of plants directly or indirectly .
This article studied the activities of nitrogen fixation and colonization of a strain of PGPB , Klebsiella pneumoniae NG14 , which was isolated from the rice root surface .
The results showed that NG14 harbouring the nifH gene had nitrogenase activity , ( 15 ) N ( 2 ) -fixing activity , and was able to colonize on the root surface and within the cavity of root vascular it issues of rice .
Using proteomics technology to study the differences and changes of membrane proteins ( MP ) of NG14 bacterial biofilm in non-biological surface , 28 proteins showing significant differences before and after the formation of bacterial biofilm have been identified , in which the precursors of membrane pore protein OmpC relevant to osmotic stress resistance was up-regulated .
This study would have positive significance on further understanding of the direct and indirect promotion effects of PGPB and related mechanisms .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Plant growth-promoting bacteria ( PGPB ) refer to the bacteria beneficial to plants , and they may affect the growth and development of plants directly or indirectly . This article studied the activities of nitrogen fixation and colonization of a strain of PGPB , Klebsiella pneumoniae NG14 , which was isolated from the rice root surface . The results showed that NG14 harbouring the nifH gene had nitrogenase activity , ( 15 ) N ( 2 ) -fixing activity , and was able to colonize on the root surface and within the cavity of root vascular it issues of rice . Using proteomics technology to study the differences and changes of membrane proteins ( MP ) of NG14 bacterial biofilm in non-biological surface , 28 proteins showing significant differences before and after the formation of bacterial biofilm have been identified , in which the precursors of membrane pore protein OmpC relevant to osmotic stress resistance was up-regulated . This study would have positive significance on further understanding of the direct and indirect promotion effects of PGPB and related mechanisms .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: UV radiation-responsive proteins in rice leaves : a proteomic analysis .
| | Author: Du H Liang Y Pei K Ma K | | Journal: Plant Cell Physiol Citation: V : 52 P : 306-16 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21172955 Accession (PMID): 21172955 | | Abstract: Depletion of stratospheric ozone has led to increased UV radiation reaching the surface of the Earth .
This may damage plants .
Using physiological , proteomic and quantitative real-time PCR ( qPCR ) methods , we systematically studied the response of 16-day-old rice seedlings to UV [ 0 . 67 W m ( -2 ) biologically effective UVB ( UVB ( BE ) ) and 0 . 28 W m ( -2 ) UVA ] exposure for 6 , 12 and 24 h .
UV exposure resulted in the appearance of light brown patches on leaves , a decrease in the net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , lipid peroxidation , accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds ( including flavonoids and other phenolic pigments ) and differential expression of 22 proteins .
Both physiological and molecular responses became stronger with increasing UV exposure time , indicating the effects of UV accumulation on plants .
UV-induced responses included ( i ) phytohormone-regulative responses ( up-regulation of proteins related to phytohormone synthesis such as IAA and ethylene ) ; ( ii ) injurious responses ( photosynthesis suppression , lipid peroxidation and visible injury ) ; and ( iii ) protective responses ( accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds and differential expression of proteins involved in detoxification/antioxidation , defense , protein processing , RNA processing , carbohydrate metabolism and secondary metabolism ) .
The identification of UV-responsive proteins provided a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of plant responses to UV stress .
Proteomic and qPCR analysis identified one up-regulated and two induced proteins with important functions : tryptophan synthase alpha chain ( production of radical oxygen species ) , glyoxalase I ( detoxification/antioxidation ) and a Bet v I family protein ( defense ) .
These results will contribute to future research into their roles in UV stress responses in plants .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Depletion of stratospheric ozone has led to increased UV radiation reaching the surface of the Earth . This may damage plants . Using physiological , proteomic and quantitative real-time PCR ( qPCR ) methods , we systematically studied the response of 16-day-old rice seedlings to UV [ 0 . 67 W m ( -2 ) biologically effective UVB ( UVB ( BE ) ) and 0 . 28 W m ( -2 ) UVA ] exposure for 6 , 12 and 24 h . UV exposure resulted in the appearance of light brown patches on leaves , a decrease in the net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , lipid peroxidation , accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds ( including flavonoids and other phenolic pigments ) and differential expression of 22 proteins . Both physiological and molecular responses became stronger with increasing UV exposure time , indicating the effects of UV accumulation on plants . UV-induced responses included ( i ) phytohormone-regulative responses ( up-regulation of proteins related to phytohormone synthesis such as IAA and ethylene ) ; ( ii ) injurious responses ( photosynthesis suppression , lipid peroxidation and visible injury ) ; and ( iii ) protective responses ( accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds and differential expression of proteins involved in detoxification/antioxidation , defense , protein processing , RNA processing , carbohydrate metabolism and secondary metabolism ) . The identification of UV-responsive proteins provided a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of plant responses to UV stress . Proteomic and qPCR analysis identified one up-regulated and two induced proteins with important functions : tryptophan synthase alpha chain ( production of radical oxygen species ) , glyoxalase I ( detoxification/antioxidation ) and a Bet v I family protein ( defense ) .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Rice dwarf viruses with dysfunctional genomes generated in plants are filtered out in vector insects : implications for the origin of the virus .
| | Author: Pu Y Kikuchi A Moriyasu Y Tomaru M Jin Y Suga H Hagiwara K Akita F Shimizu T Netsu O Suzuki N Uehara-Ichiki T Sasaya T Wei T Li Y Omura T | | Journal: J Virol Citation: V : 85 P : 2975-9 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21191024 Accession (PMID): 21191024 | | Abstract: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) , with 12 double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) genome segments ( S1 to S12 ) , replicates in and is transmitted by vector insects .
The RDV-plant host-vector insect system allows us to examine the evolution , adaptation , and population genetics of a plant virus .
We compared the effects of long-term maintenance of RDV on population structures in its two hosts .
The maintenance of RDV in rice plants for several years resulted in gradual accumulation of nonsense mutations in S2 and S10 , absence of expression of the encoded proteins , and complete loss of transmissibility .
RDV maintained in cultured insect cells for 6 years retained an intact protein-encoding genome .
Thus , the structural P2 protein encoded by S2 and the nonstructural Pns10 protein encoded by S10 of RDV are subject to different selective pressures in the two hosts , and mutations accumulating in the host plant are detrimental in vector insects .
However , one round of propagation in insect cells or individuals purged the populations of RDV that had accumulated deleterious mutations in host plants , with exclusive survival of fully competent RDV .
Our results suggest that during the course of evolution , an ancestral form of RDV , of insect virus origin , might have acquired the ability to replicate in a host plant , given its reproducible mutations in the host plant that abolish vector transmissibility and viability in nature .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The RDV-plant host-vector insect system allows us to examine the evolution , adaptation , and population genetics of a plant virus . We compared the effects of long-term maintenance of RDV on population structures in its two hosts . The maintenance of RDV in rice plants for several years resulted in gradual accumulation of nonsense mutations in S2 and S10 , absence of expression of the encoded proteins , and complete loss of transmissibility . RDV maintained in cultured insect cells for 6 years retained an intact protein-encoding genome . Thus , the structural P2 protein encoded by S2 and the nonstructural Pns10 protein encoded by S10 of RDV are subject to different selective pressures in the two hosts , and mutations accumulating in the host plant are detrimental in vector insects . However , one round of propagation in insect cells or individuals purged the populations of RDV that had accumulated deleterious mutations in host plants , with exclusive survival of fully competent RDV . Our results suggest that during the course of evolution , an ancestral form of RDV , of insect virus origin , might have acquired the ability to replicate in a host plant , given its reproducible mutations in the host plant that abolish vector transmissibility and viability in nature .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Modulation of exogenous glutathione in phytochelatins and photosynthetic performance against cd stress in the two rice genotypes differing in Cd tolerance .
| | Author: Cai Y Cao F Cheng W Zhang G Wu F | | Journal: Biol Trace Elem Res Citation: V : 143 P : 1159-73 Year: 2011 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21191821 Accession (PMID): 21191821 | | Abstract: Greenhouse hydroponic experiments were conducted using Cd-sensitive ( Xiushui63 ) and tolerant ( Bing97252 ) rice genotypes to evaluate genotypic differences in response of photosynthesis and phytochelatins to Cd toxicity in the presence of exogenous glutathione ( GSH ) .
Plant height , chlorophyll content , net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , and biomass decreased in 5 and 50 muM Cd treatments , and Cd-sensitive genotype showed more severe reduction than the tolerant one .
Cadmium stress caused decrease in maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII ( Fv/Fm ) and effective PSII quantum yield [ Y ( II ) ] and increase in quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation [ Y ( NPQ ) ] , with changes in Cd-sensitive genotype being more evident .
Cadmium-induced phytochelatins ( PCs ) , GSH , and cysteine accumulation was observed in roots of both genotypes , with markedly higher level in PCs and GSH on day 5 in Bing97252 compared with that measured in Xiushui63 .
Exogenous GSH significantly alleviated growth inhibition in Xiushui63 under 5 muM Cd and in both genotypes in 50 muM Cd .
External GSH significantly increased chlorophyll content , Pn , Fv/Fm , and Y ( II ) of plants exposed to Cd , but decreased Y ( NPQ ) and the coefficient of non-photochemical quenching ( qN ) .
GSH addition significantly increased root GSH content in plants under Cd exposure ( except day 5 of 50 muM Cd ) and induced up-regulation in PCs of 5 muM-Cd-treated Bing97252 throughout the 15-day and Xiushui63 of 5-day exposure .
The results suggest that genotypic difference in the tolerance to Cd stress was positively linked to the capacity in elevation of GSH and PCs , and that alleviation of Cd toxicity by GSH is related to significant improvement in chlorophyll content , photosynthetic performance , and root GSH levels .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Greenhouse hydroponic experiments were conducted using Cd-sensitive ( Xiushui63 ) and tolerant ( Bing97252 ) rice genotypes to evaluate genotypic differences in response of photosynthesis and phytochelatins to Cd toxicity in the presence of exogenous glutathione ( GSH ) . Plant height , chlorophyll content , net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , and biomass decreased in 5 and 50 muM Cd treatments , and Cd-sensitive genotype showed more severe reduction than the tolerant one . Cadmium stress caused decrease in maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII ( Fv/Fm ) and effective PSII quantum yield [ Y ( II ) ] and increase in quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation [ Y ( NPQ ) ] , with changes in Cd-sensitive genotype being more evident . Cadmium-induced phytochelatins ( PCs ) , GSH , and cysteine accumulation was observed in roots of both genotypes , with markedly higher level in PCs and GSH on day 5 in Bing97252 compared with that measured in Xiushui63 . Exogenous GSH significantly alleviated growth inhibition in Xiushui63 under 5 muM Cd and in both genotypes in 50 muM Cd . External GSH significantly increased chlorophyll content , Pn , Fv/Fm , and Y ( II ) of plants exposed to Cd , but decreased Y ( NPQ ) and the coefficient of non-photochemical quenching ( qN ) .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Plant height , chlorophyll content , net photosynthetic rate ( Pn ) , and biomass decreased in 5 and 50 muM Cd treatments , and Cd-sensitive genotype showed more severe reduction than the tolerant one . Cadmium stress caused decrease in maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII ( Fv/Fm ) and effective PSII quantum yield [ Y ( II ) ] and increase in quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation [ Y ( NPQ ) ] , with changes in Cd-sensitive genotype being more evident . Cadmium-induced phytochelatins ( PCs ) , GSH , and cysteine accumulation was observed in roots of both genotypes , with markedly higher level in PCs and GSH on day 5 in Bing97252 compared with that measured in Xiushui63 . Exogenous GSH significantly alleviated growth inhibition in Xiushui63 under 5 muM Cd and in both genotypes in 50 muM Cd . External GSH significantly increased chlorophyll content , Pn , Fv/Fm , and Y ( II ) of plants exposed to Cd , but decreased Y ( NPQ ) and the coefficient of non-photochemical quenching ( qN ) . GSH addition significantly increased root GSH content in plants under Cd exposure ( except day 5 of 50 muM Cd ) and induced up-regulation in PCs of 5 muM-Cd-treated Bing97252 throughout the 15-day and Xiushui63 of 5-day exposure . The results suggest that genotypic difference in the tolerance to Cd stress was positively linked to the capacity in elevation of GSH and PCs , and that alleviation of Cd toxicity by GSH is related to significant improvement in chlorophyll content , photosynthetic performance , and root GSH levels .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: [ Passive nighttime warming ( PNW ) system , its design and warming effect ] .
| | Author: Chen J Yang F Zhang B Tian YL Dong WJ Zhang WJ | | Journal: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao Citation: V : 21 P : 2288-94 Year: 2010 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21265150 Accession (PMID): 21265150 | | Abstract: Based on the technique of passive nighttime warming ( PNW ) , a convenient and energy-saving PNW facility was designed for a rice-wheat cropping system in Danyang , Jiangsu Province .
The facility could guarantee 15 . 75 m2 effective sampling area , with a homogeneous amplitude of increased temperature , and making the nighttime canopy temperature during whole rice growth season increased averagely by 1 . 1 degrees C and the nighttime canopy temperature and 5 cm soil temperature during whole winter wheat growth period increased averagely by 1 . 3 degrees C and 0 . 8 degrees C , respectively .
During the operation period of the facility , the variation trends of the canopy temperature and 5 cm soil temperature during the whole growth periods of rice and winter wheat in the warming plots were similar to those of the control .
Though the facility slightly decreased the soil moisture content during winter wheat growth period , wheat growth was less impacted .
The application of this facility in our main production areas of rice and winter wheat showed that the facility could advance the initial blossoming stages of rice and winter wheat averagely by 3 d and 5 d , respectively .
In despite of the discrepancy in the warming effect among different regions and seasons , this energy-saving facility was reliable for the field research on crop responses to climate warming , when the homogeneity of increased temperature , the effective area , and the effects on crop growth period were taken into comprehensive consideration .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Based on the technique of passive nighttime warming ( PNW ) , a convenient and energy-saving PNW facility was designed for a rice-wheat cropping system in Danyang , Jiangsu Province . The facility could guarantee 15 . 75 m2 effective sampling area , with a homogeneous amplitude of increased temperature , and making the nighttime canopy temperature during whole rice growth season increased averagely by 1 . 1 degrees C and the nighttime canopy temperature and 5 cm soil temperature during whole winter wheat growth period increased averagely by 1 . 3 degrees C and 0 . 8 degrees C , respectively . During the operation period of the facility , the variation trends of the canopy temperature and 5 cm soil temperature during the whole growth periods of rice and winter wheat in the warming plots were similar to those of the control . Though the facility slightly decreased the soil moisture content during winter wheat growth period , wheat growth was less impacted . The application of this facility in our main production areas of rice and winter wheat showed that the facility could advance the initial blossoming stages of rice and winter wheat averagely by 3 d and 5 d , respectively .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Human body burden of polychlorinated dibenzofurans associated with toxicity based on the yusho and yucheng incidents .
| | Author: Ryan JJ Gasiewicz TA Brown JF .
| | Journal: Citation: V : 15 ( 4 ) P : 722-31 Year: 1990 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub2128284 Accession (PMID): 2128284 | | Abstract: The polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) are one group of man-made toxicants for which reasonably extensive data exist relevant to dose-response relationships in humans .
Examination of contaminated food oil consumption from the yusho ( Japan ) poisoning incident indicates the mean uptake or body burden of 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) equivalents ( PEQ ) associated with nausea and anorexia to be 4 . 4 micrograms/kg body wt and that associated with chloracne to be 5 . 9 micrograms/kg .
For the yucheng ( Taiwan ) poisoning incident , blood measurements for chloracne show a similar body burden of 4 . 0 micrograms/kg .
The latter value is toxicologically equivalent to a 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalent ( TEQ ) body burden of 2 . 0 micrograms/kg body wt or about 150 micrograms for an adult person .
This corresponds to an adipose it issue level of about 10 micrograms/kg fat , and is comparable to that known to cause chloracne in rhesus monkeys .
These body burdens on a TEQ basis are more than 200 times higher than the average current levels of PCDDs/PCDFs found in North American populations and are the first to relate human body burdens of PCDFs with a known effect and to compare them to animal data .
Since the effects reported may not be the most sensitive indicator of human toxicity , lower body burdens could be associated with more subtle toxicological events . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) are one group of man-made toxicants for which reasonably extensive data exist relevant to dose-response relationships in humans . Examination of contaminated food oil consumption from the yusho ( Japan ) poisoning incident indicates the mean uptake or body burden of 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) equivalents ( PEQ ) associated with nausea and anorexia to be 4 . 4 micrograms/kg body wt and that associated with chloracne to be 5 . 9 micrograms/kg . For the yucheng ( Taiwan ) poisoning incident , blood measurements for chloracne show a similar body burden of 4 . 0 micrograms/kg . The latter value is toxicologically equivalent to a 2 , 3 , 7 , 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalent ( TEQ ) body burden of 2 . 0 micrograms/kg body wt or about 150 micrograms for an adult person . This corresponds to an adipose it issue level of about 10 micrograms/kg fat , and is comparable to that known to cause chloracne in rhesus monkeys . These body burdens on a TEQ basis are more than 200 times higher than the average current levels of PCDDs/PCDFs found in North American populations and are the first to relate human body burdens of PCDFs with a known effect and to compare them to animal data .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Identification of Pns12 as the second silencing suppressor of Rice gall dwarf virus .
| | Author: Wu J Wang C Du Z Cai L Hu M Wu Z Li Y Xie L | | Journal: Sci China Life Sci Citation: V : 54 P : 201-8 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21416320 Accession (PMID): 21416320 | | Abstract: RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism found ubiquitously in eukaryotic organisms .
It has been used to regulate gene expression and development .
In addition , RNA silencing serves as an important mechanism in plants defense against invasive nucleic acids , such as viruses , transposons , and transgenes .
As a counter-defense , most plants , and some animal viruses , encode RNA silencing suppressors to interfere at one or several points of the silencing pathway .
In this study , we showed that Pns12 of RGDV ( Rice gall dwarf virus ) exhibits silencing suppressor activity on the reporter green fluorescent protein in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c .
Pns12 of RGDV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA .
Expression of Pns12 also enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana .
Collectively , these results suggested that RGDV Pns12 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing , which might target an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
Furthermore , we showed that Pns12 is localized mainly in the nucleus of N benthamiana leaf cells .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism found ubiquitously in eukaryotic organisms . It has been used to regulate gene expression and development . In addition , RNA silencing serves as an important mechanism in plants defense against invasive nucleic acids , such as viruses , transposons , and transgenes . As a counter-defense , most plants , and some animal viruses , encode RNA silencing suppressors to interfere at one or several points of the silencing pathway . In this study , we showed that Pns12 of RGDV ( Rice gall dwarf virus ) exhibits silencing suppressor activity on the reporter green fluorescent protein in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns12 of RGDV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Expression of Pns12 also enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RGDV Pns12 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing , which might target an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway . Furthermore , we showed that Pns12 is localized mainly in the nucleus of N benthamiana leaf cells .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: It has been used to regulate gene expression and development . In addition , RNA silencing serves as an important mechanism in plants defense against invasive nucleic acids , such as viruses , transposons , and transgenes . As a counter-defense , most plants , and some animal viruses , encode RNA silencing suppressors to interfere at one or several points of the silencing pathway . In this study , we showed that Pns12 of RGDV ( Rice gall dwarf virus ) exhibits silencing suppressor activity on the reporter green fluorescent protein in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns12 of RGDV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Expression of Pns12 also enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RGDV Pns12 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing , which might target an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway . Furthermore , we showed that Pns12 is localized mainly in the nucleus of N benthamiana leaf cells .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: In addition , RNA silencing serves as an important mechanism in plants defense against invasive nucleic acids , such as viruses , transposons , and transgenes . As a counter-defense , most plants , and some animal viruses , encode RNA silencing suppressors to interfere at one or several points of the silencing pathway . In this study , we showed that Pns12 of RGDV ( Rice gall dwarf virus ) exhibits silencing suppressor activity on the reporter green fluorescent protein in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns12 of RGDV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Expression of Pns12 also enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RGDV Pns12 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing , which might target an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway . Furthermore , we showed that Pns12 is localized mainly in the nucleus of N benthamiana leaf cells .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: As a counter-defense , most plants , and some animal viruses , encode RNA silencing suppressors to interfere at one or several points of the silencing pathway . In this study , we showed that Pns12 of RGDV ( Rice gall dwarf virus ) exhibits silencing suppressor activity on the reporter green fluorescent protein in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns12 of RGDV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Expression of Pns12 also enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RGDV Pns12 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing , which might target an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway . Furthermore , we showed that Pns12 is localized mainly in the nucleus of N benthamiana leaf cells .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this study , we showed that Pns12 of RGDV ( Rice gall dwarf virus ) exhibits silencing suppressor activity on the reporter green fluorescent protein in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c . Pns12 of RGDV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA . Expression of Pns12 also enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana . Collectively , these results suggested that RGDV Pns12 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing , which might target an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway . Furthermore , we showed that Pns12 is localized mainly in the nucleus of N benthamiana leaf cells .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: OryzaPG-DB : rice proteome database based on shotgun proteogenomics .
| | Author: Helmy M Tomita M Ishihama Y | | Journal: BMC Plant Biol Citation: V : 11 P : 63 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21486466 Accession (PMID): 21486466 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Proteogenomics aims to utilize experimental proteome information for refinement of genome annotation .
Since mass spectrometry-based shotgun proteomics approaches provide large-scale peptide sequencing data with high throughput , a data repository for shotgun proteogenomics would represent a valuable source of gene expression evidence at the translational level for genome re-annotation .
DESCRIPTION : Here , we present OryzaPG-DB , a rice proteome database based on shotgun proteogenomics , which incorporates the genomic features of experimental shotgun proteomics data .
This version of the database was created from the results of 27 nanoLC-MS/MS runs on a hybrid ion trap-orbitrap mass spectrometer , which offers high accuracy for analyzing tryptic digests from undifferentiated cultured rice cells .
Peptides were identified by searching the product ion spectra against the protein , cDNA , transcript and genome databases from Michigan State University , and were mapped to the rice genome .
Approximately 3200 genes were covered by these peptides and 40 of them contained novel genomic features .
Users can search , download or navigate the database per chromosome , gene , protein , cDNA or transcript and download the updated annotations in standard GFF3 format , with visualization in PNG format .
In addition , the database scheme of OryzaPG was designed to be generic and can be reused to host similar proteogenomic information for other species .
OryzaPG is the first proteogenomics-based database of the rice proteome , providing peptide-based expression profiles , together with the corresponding genomic origin , including the annotation of novelty for each peptide .
CONCLUSIONS : The OryzaPG database was constructed and is freely available at http : //oryzapg . iab . keio . ac . jp/ .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: DESCRIPTION : Here , we present OryzaPG-DB , a rice proteome database based on shotgun proteogenomics , which incorporates the genomic features of experimental shotgun proteomics data . This version of the database was created from the results of 27 nanoLC-MS/MS runs on a hybrid ion trap-orbitrap mass spectrometer , which offers high accuracy for analyzing tryptic digests from undifferentiated cultured rice cells . Peptides were identified by searching the product ion spectra against the protein , cDNA , transcript and genome databases from Michigan State University , and were mapped to the rice genome . Approximately 3200 genes were covered by these peptides and 40 of them contained novel genomic features . Users can search , download or navigate the database per chromosome , gene , protein , cDNA or transcript and download the updated annotations in standard GFF3 format , with visualization in PNG format . In addition , the database scheme of OryzaPG was designed to be generic and can be reused to host similar proteogenomic information for other species . OryzaPG is the first proteogenomics-based database of the rice proteome , providing peptide-based expression profiles , together with the corresponding genomic origin , including the annotation of novelty for each peptide . CONCLUSIONS : The OryzaPG database was constructed and is freely available at http : //oryzapg . iab . keio . ac . jp/ .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Crystal structure of the branching enzyme I ( BEI ) from Oryza sativa L with implications for catalysis and substrate binding .
| | Author: Noguchi J Chaen K Vu NT Akasaka T Shimada H Nakashima T Nishi A Satoh H Omori T Kakuta Y Kimura M | | Journal: Glycobiology Citation: V : 21 P : 1108-16 Year: 2011 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21493662 Accession (PMID): 21493662 | | Abstract: Starch-branching enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of alpha-1 , 4-linkages and the subsequent transfer of alpha-1 , 4 glucan to form an alpha-1 , 6 branch point in amylopectin .
Sequence analysis of the rice-branching enzyme I ( BEI ) indicated a modular structure in which the central alpha-amylase domain is flanked on each side by the N-terminal carbohydrate-binding module 48 and the alpha-amylase C-domain .
We determined the crystal structure of BEI at a resolution of 1 . 9 A by molecular replacement using the Escherichia coli glycogen BE as a search model .
Despite three modular structures , BEI is roughly ellipsoidal in shape with two globular domains that form a prominent groove which is proposed to serve as the alpha-polyglucan-binding site .
Amino acid residues Asp344 and Glu399 , which are postulated to play an essential role in catalysis as a nucleophile and a general acid/base , respectively , are located at a central cleft in the groove .
Moreover , structural comparison revealed that in BEI , extended loop structures cause a narrowing of the substrate-binding site , whereas shortened loop structures make a larger space at the corresponding subsite in the Klebsiella pneumoniae pullulanase .
This structural difference might be attributed to distinct catalytic reactions , transglycosylation and hydrolysis , respectively , by BEI and pullulanase .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Sequence analysis of the rice-branching enzyme I ( BEI ) indicated a modular structure in which the central alpha-amylase domain is flanked on each side by the N-terminal carbohydrate-binding module 48 and the alpha-amylase C-domain . We determined the crystal structure of BEI at a resolution of 1 . 9 A by molecular replacement using the Escherichia coli glycogen BE as a search model . Despite three modular structures , BEI is roughly ellipsoidal in shape with two globular domains that form a prominent groove which is proposed to serve as the alpha-polyglucan-binding site . Amino acid residues Asp344 and Glu399 , which are postulated to play an essential role in catalysis as a nucleophile and a general acid/base , respectively , are located at a central cleft in the groove . Moreover , structural comparison revealed that in BEI , extended loop structures cause a narrowing of the substrate-binding site , whereas shortened loop structures make a larger space at the corresponding subsite in the Klebsiella pneumoniae pullulanase . This structural difference might be attributed to distinct catalytic reactions , transglycosylation and hydrolysis , respectively , by BEI and pullulanase .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: [ Bacterial enteric pathogens resistance to fluoroquinolones and last generation cephalosporines ] .
| | Author: Damian M Usein CR Palade AM Baltoiu M Condei M Ciontea S Tatu-Chitoiu D | | Journal: Bacteriol Virusol Parazitol Epidemiol Citation: V : 55 P : 121-9 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21553476 Accession (PMID): 21553476 | | Abstract: The increase of incidence of resistance to the antibiotics became the most worrisome subject within the clinical and research communities in the medical fields .
Intrinsic resistance genetic mutations , horizontal transfer of mobile structures carrying genes coding for resistance to the antibiotics within the pan-microbial genome are representing the bacterial resistome which is bearing the genetic information regarding the defensive mechanisms developed by micro-organisms to protect themselves against antibiotics .
Rice in the resistance of enteric bacteria , pathogens involved in a large number of human infections , to the cephalosporin of last generation and to the fluoroquinolones is a very actual subject in the medical area .
Production of beta-lactamases with extended spectrum is the most important enzymatic defence system , developed by micro-organisms , consisting in the inactivation of beta-lactam antibiotics by destroying the beta-lactam ring .
Enterobacteria are able to produce beta-lactamases of type TEM , SHV and/or CTX-M Punctual mutations in nucleotide structure of bla genes , coding for beta-lactamases synthesis , are leading on production of a large diversity of enzymes with enlarged spectrum of activity ( ESBL ) .
At the beginning of 90s the first beta-lactamases resistance to clavulanic acid were detected and in our days more then 170 TEM , 120 SVH and 90 CTX-MESBLs are known .
Escherichia coli strains are producing , firstly , TEM ESBLs , Klebsiella pneumoniae SHV ESBLs . and both are producing CTX-M type ESBLs , are resistant to the fluoroquinolones due to punctual mutations in nucleotide structure of gyr gene coding for gyrases production , enzymes involved in nucleic acids replication .
Resistance to the antibiotics with extended activity is a public health threat due to their capacity of large spreading within bacterial population , when the coding structures are located on mobile genetic structures .
The menace increase when genes coding for fluoroquinolones resistance ( qnr ) are identified on such of structures .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice in the resistance of enteric bacteria , pathogens involved in a large number of human infections , to the cephalosporin of last generation and to the fluoroquinolones is a very actual subject in the medical area . Production of beta-lactamases with extended spectrum is the most important enzymatic defence system , developed by micro-organisms , consisting in the inactivation of beta-lactam antibiotics by destroying the beta-lactam ring . Enterobacteria are able to produce beta-lactamases of type TEM , SHV and/or CTX-M Punctual mutations in nucleotide structure of bla genes , coding for beta-lactamases synthesis , are leading on production of a large diversity of enzymes with enlarged spectrum of activity ( ESBL ) . At the beginning of 90s the first beta-lactamases resistance to clavulanic acid were detected and in our days more then 170 TEM , 120 SVH and 90 CTX-MESBLs are known . Escherichia coli strains are producing , firstly , TEM ESBLs , Klebsiella pneumoniae SHV ESBLs . and both are producing CTX-M type ESBLs , are resistant to the fluoroquinolones due to punctual mutations in nucleotide structure of gyr gene coding for gyrases production , enzymes involved in nucleic acids replication . Resistance to the antibiotics with extended activity is a public health threat due to their capacity of large spreading within bacterial population , when the coding structures are located on mobile genetic structures . The menace increase when genes coding for fluoroquinolones resistance ( qnr ) are identified on such of structures .
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Score: 8.00 |
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| Title: Viroplasm matrix protein Pns9 from rice gall dwarf virus forms an octameric cylindrical structure .
| | Author: Akita F Miyazaki N Hibino H Shimizu T Higashiura A Uehara-Ichiki T Sasaya T Tsukihara T Nakagawa A Iwasaki K Omura T | | Journal: J Gen Virol Citation: V : 92 P : 2214-21 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21613445 Accession (PMID): 21613445 | | Abstract: The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae .
Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV .
When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter .
Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope .
Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography .
Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available , a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus , NSP2 , forms similar octamers , an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 3.00 ]: The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae . Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV . When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter . Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope . Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography . Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available , a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus , NSP2 , forms similar octamers , an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae . Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV . When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter . Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope . Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae . Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV . When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter . Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope . Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography . Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available , a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus , NSP2 , forms similar octamers , an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae . Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV . When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter . Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope . Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography . Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available , a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus , NSP2 , forms similar octamers , an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae . Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV . When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter . Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope . Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography . Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available , a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus , NSP2 , forms similar octamers , an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV . When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter . Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope . Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography . Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available , a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus , NSP2 , forms similar octamers , an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses .
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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: Thermo-responsive polymer coated fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction and its application to on-line determination of Co , Ni and Cd by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS ) .
| | Author: Zheng F Hu B | | Journal: Talanta Citation: V : 85 P : 1166-73 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21726754 Accession (PMID): 21726754 | | Abstract: The poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide ) ( PNIPA ) gel is a widely studied thermo-responsive material that exhibits discontinuous change in volume when the external temperature is increased .
In this paper , PNIPA gel was prepared and applied as a novel polymer coating for fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction of trace Co , Ni and Cd followed by on-line ICP-MS detection .
The PNIPA coating was synthesized by using ethylene triethoxysilane ( ETEOS ) as the cross-linking agent under acidic conditions .
This siloxane incorporated PNIPA gel achieves a dramatically rapid response rate when the external temperature is changed .
The micro-structure of PNIPA coating was examined by scanning electron micrograph ( SEM ) .
Various experimental parameters including pH , temperature , sample flow rate and volume , elution solution and interfering ions affecting the extraction of the target analytes have been carefully investigated and optimized .
Under the optimized conditions , the limits of detection were 0 . 45 , 4 . 6 and 6 . 9 ng L ( -1 ) for Co , Ni and Cd , respectively .
With a sampling frequency of 13 h ( -1 ) , the relative standard deviations ( RSDs ) for Co , Ni and Cd were 4 . 8 , 5 . 1 and 6 . 4% ( C=1 mug L ( -1 ) , n=7 ) , respectively .
The proposed method had been successfully applied to the determination of Co , Ni and Cd in human urine .
To validate the proposed method , certified reference materials of NIES No 10-b rice flour and GBW07601 ( GSH-1 ) human hair were analyzed and the determined values were in a good agreement with the certified values .
The PNIPA coated fiber-in-tube capillary can be reused for more than 150 times without decreasing the extraction efficiency .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide ) ( PNIPA ) gel is a widely studied thermo-responsive material that exhibits discontinuous change in volume when the external temperature is increased . In this paper , PNIPA gel was prepared and applied as a novel polymer coating for fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction of trace Co , Ni and Cd followed by on-line ICP-MS detection . The PNIPA coating was synthesized by using ethylene triethoxysilane ( ETEOS ) as the cross-linking agent under acidic conditions . This siloxane incorporated PNIPA gel achieves a dramatically rapid response rate when the external temperature is changed . The micro-structure of PNIPA coating was examined by scanning electron micrograph ( SEM ) .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide ) ( PNIPA ) gel is a widely studied thermo-responsive material that exhibits discontinuous change in volume when the external temperature is increased . In this paper , PNIPA gel was prepared and applied as a novel polymer coating for fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction of trace Co , Ni and Cd followed by on-line ICP-MS detection . The PNIPA coating was synthesized by using ethylene triethoxysilane ( ETEOS ) as the cross-linking agent under acidic conditions . This siloxane incorporated PNIPA gel achieves a dramatically rapid response rate when the external temperature is changed . The micro-structure of PNIPA coating was examined by scanning electron micrograph ( SEM ) . Various experimental parameters including pH , temperature , sample flow rate and volume , elution solution and interfering ions affecting the extraction of the target analytes have been carefully investigated and optimized .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide ) ( PNIPA ) gel is a widely studied thermo-responsive material that exhibits discontinuous change in volume when the external temperature is increased . In this paper , PNIPA gel was prepared and applied as a novel polymer coating for fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction of trace Co , Ni and Cd followed by on-line ICP-MS detection . The PNIPA coating was synthesized by using ethylene triethoxysilane ( ETEOS ) as the cross-linking agent under acidic conditions . This siloxane incorporated PNIPA gel achieves a dramatically rapid response rate when the external temperature is changed . The micro-structure of PNIPA coating was examined by scanning electron micrograph ( SEM ) . Various experimental parameters including pH , temperature , sample flow rate and volume , elution solution and interfering ions affecting the extraction of the target analytes have been carefully investigated and optimized . Under the optimized conditions , the limits of detection were 0 . 45 , 4 . 6 and 6 . 9 ng L ( -1 ) for Co , Ni and Cd , respectively .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide ) ( PNIPA ) gel is a widely studied thermo-responsive material that exhibits discontinuous change in volume when the external temperature is increased . In this paper , PNIPA gel was prepared and applied as a novel polymer coating for fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction of trace Co , Ni and Cd followed by on-line ICP-MS detection . The PNIPA coating was synthesized by using ethylene triethoxysilane ( ETEOS ) as the cross-linking agent under acidic conditions . This siloxane incorporated PNIPA gel achieves a dramatically rapid response rate when the external temperature is changed . The micro-structure of PNIPA coating was examined by scanning electron micrograph ( SEM ) . Various experimental parameters including pH , temperature , sample flow rate and volume , elution solution and interfering ions affecting the extraction of the target analytes have been carefully investigated and optimized . Under the optimized conditions , the limits of detection were 0 . 45 , 4 . 6 and 6 . 9 ng L ( -1 ) for Co , Ni and Cd , respectively . With a sampling frequency of 13 h ( -1 ) , the relative standard deviations ( RSDs ) for Co , Ni and Cd were 4 . 8 , 5 . 1 and 6 . 4% ( C=1 mug L ( -1 ) , n=7 ) , respectively .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The poly ( N-isopropylacrylamide ) ( PNIPA ) gel is a widely studied thermo-responsive material that exhibits discontinuous change in volume when the external temperature is increased . In this paper , PNIPA gel was prepared and applied as a novel polymer coating for fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction of trace Co , Ni and Cd followed by on-line ICP-MS detection . The PNIPA coating was synthesized by using ethylene triethoxysilane ( ETEOS ) as the cross-linking agent under acidic conditions . This siloxane incorporated PNIPA gel achieves a dramatically rapid response rate when the external temperature is changed . The micro-structure of PNIPA coating was examined by scanning electron micrograph ( SEM ) . Various experimental parameters including pH , temperature , sample flow rate and volume , elution solution and interfering ions affecting the extraction of the target analytes have been carefully investigated and optimized . Under the optimized conditions , the limits of detection were 0 . 45 , 4 . 6 and 6 . 9 ng L ( -1 ) for Co , Ni and Cd , respectively . With a sampling frequency of 13 h ( -1 ) , the relative standard deviations ( RSDs ) for Co , Ni and Cd were 4 . 8 , 5 . 1 and 6 . 4% ( C=1 mug L ( -1 ) , n=7 ) , respectively . The proposed method had been successfully applied to the determination of Co , Ni and Cd in human urine .
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 1.00 ]: Under the optimized conditions , the limits of detection were 0 . 45 , 4 . 6 and 6 . 9 ng L ( -1 ) for Co , Ni and Cd , respectively . With a sampling frequency of 13 h ( -1 ) , the relative standard deviations ( RSDs ) for Co , Ni and Cd were 4 . 8 , 5 . 1 and 6 . 4% ( C=1 mug L ( -1 ) , n=7 ) , respectively . The proposed method had been successfully applied to the determination of Co , Ni and Cd in human urine . To validate the proposed method , certified reference materials of NIES No 10-b rice flour and GBW07601 ( GSH-1 ) human hair were analyzed and the determined values were in a good agreement with the certified values . The PNIPA coated fiber-in-tube capillary can be reused for more than 150 times without decreasing the extraction efficiency .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Unadapted and adapted to starvation Acholeplasma laidlawii cells induce different responses of Oryza sativa , as determined by proteome analysis .
| | Author: Chernov VM Chernova OA Medvedeva ES Mouzykantov AA Ponomareva AA Shaymardanova GF Gorshkov OV Trushin MV | | Journal: J Proteomics Citation: V : 74 P : 2920-36 Year: 2011 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21835275 Accession (PMID): 21835275 | | Abstract: For the first time , we studied the phytopathogenicity toward Oryza sativa L of unadapted and adapted to unfavorable environment ( starvation ) cells of Acholeplasma laidlawii PG8--ubiquitous mycoplasma found in the soil , waste waters , it issues of the highest eukaryotes and being the basic contaminant of cell cultures and a causative agent of phytomycoplasmoses .
The features of morphology , ultrastructural organization and proteomes of unadapted and adapted cells of the mycoplasma and infected plants were presented .
Using 2D-DIGE and MS , 43 proteins of O sativa L that were differentially expressed in the leaves of plants cultivated in media with A laidlawii PG8 were identified .
The qualitative and quantitative responses of the plant proteome toward adapted and unadapted mycoplasma cells differed .
That may be explained by differences in the virulence of the corresponding bacterial cells .
Using 2D-DIGE and MS , 82 proteins that were differentially expressed in adapted and unadapted mycoplasma cells were detected .
In adapted cells of the mycoplasma , in comparison with unadapted ones , a significant increase in the expression of PNPase--a global regulator of virulence in phytopathogenic bacteria occurred ; there was also decreased expression of 40 proteins including 14 involved in bacterial virulence and the expression of 31 proteins including 5 involved in virulence was not detected .
We propose that differences in the phytopathogenicity of adapted and unadapted A laidlawii PG8 cells may be related to features of their proteomes and membrane vesicles .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Using 2D-DIGE and MS , 43 proteins of O sativa L that were differentially expressed in the leaves of plants cultivated in media with A laidlawii PG8 were identified . The qualitative and quantitative responses of the plant proteome toward adapted and unadapted mycoplasma cells differed . That may be explained by differences in the virulence of the corresponding bacterial cells . Using 2D-DIGE and MS , 82 proteins that were differentially expressed in adapted and unadapted mycoplasma cells were detected . In adapted cells of the mycoplasma , in comparison with unadapted ones , a significant increase in the expression of PNPase--a global regulator of virulence in phytopathogenic bacteria occurred ; there was also decreased expression of 40 proteins including 14 involved in bacterial virulence and the expression of 31 proteins including 5 involved in virulence was not detected . We propose that differences in the phytopathogenicity of adapted and unadapted A laidlawii PG8 cells may be related to features of their proteomes and membrane vesicles .
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Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: Clinical evidence of efficacy of red yeast rice and berberine in a large controlled study versus diet .
| | Author: Trimarco B Benvenuti C Rozza F Cimmino CS Giudice R Crispo S | | Journal: Med J Nutrition Metab Citation: V : 4 P : 133-139 Year: 2011 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21909461 Accession (PMID): 21909461 | | Abstract: Efficacy of a new patented proprietary combination of natural nutraceuticals ( PN ) containing natural hypolipidemic as red yeast , policosanol and berberine was tested in a large study on dyslipidemic patients in clinical practice .
A parallel , controlled , randomized , multicenter study was designed .
After 2 weeks on a stable dietary regimen , the patients were randomized to PN 1 tablet/day associated with diet ( PN + D ) or diet alone ( D ) for 16 weeks .
Entry criteria were : Tot-Chol >200 mg/dL or LDL-Chol >150 mg/dL without a clear indication for statins , or plasma triglycerides >150 mg/dL .
Lipid pattern and CV parameters were evaluated at baseline and monthly .
1 , 751 patients were enrolled in 248 Italian units , 933 patients on PN + D and 818 on D The baseline lipid values were : Tot-Chol 255 . 4 versus 243 . 1 mg/dL , LDL-Chol 170 . 1 versus 162 . 2 mg/dL , HDL-Chol 50 . 0 versus 48 . 8 mg/dL , and TG 190 . 5 versus 184 . 4 mg/dL .
PN constantly and significantly improved lipid parameters versus D group : at 16 weeks -19 . 1 versus -9 . 4% for Tot-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -23 . 5 versus -10 . 8% for LDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , +11 . 6 versus +4 . 0% for HDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -17 . 9 versus -11 . 3% for TG ( p < 0 . 001 ) .
In conclusions , PN plus diet allows an effective improvement of blood lipids with a significant reduction of global CV risk , suggesting a role for PN in CHD prevention .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: Efficacy of a new patented proprietary combination of natural nutraceuticals ( PN ) containing natural hypolipidemic as red yeast , policosanol and berberine was tested in a large study on dyslipidemic patients in clinical practice . A parallel , controlled , randomized , multicenter study was designed . After 2 weeks on a stable dietary regimen , the patients were randomized to PN 1 tablet/day associated with diet ( PN + D ) or diet alone ( D ) for 16 weeks . Entry criteria were : Tot-Chol >200 mg/dL or LDL-Chol >150 mg/dL without a clear indication for statins , or plasma triglycerides >150 mg/dL . Lipid pattern and CV parameters were evaluated at baseline and monthly . 1 , 751 patients were enrolled in 248 Italian units , 933 patients on PN + D and 818 on D The baseline lipid values were : Tot-Chol 255 . 4 versus 243 . 1 mg/dL , LDL-Chol 170 . 1 versus 162 . 2 mg/dL , HDL-Chol 50 . 0 versus 48 . 8 mg/dL , and TG 190 . 5 versus 184 . 4 mg/dL . PN constantly and significantly improved lipid parameters versus D group : at 16 weeks -19 . 1 versus -9 . 4% for Tot-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -23 . 5 versus -10 . 8% for LDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , +11 . 6 versus +4 . 0% for HDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -17 . 9 versus -11 . 3% for TG ( p < 0 . 001 ) .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: Entry criteria were : Tot-Chol >200 mg/dL or LDL-Chol >150 mg/dL without a clear indication for statins , or plasma triglycerides >150 mg/dL . Lipid pattern and CV parameters were evaluated at baseline and monthly . 1 , 751 patients were enrolled in 248 Italian units , 933 patients on PN + D and 818 on D The baseline lipid values were : Tot-Chol 255 . 4 versus 243 . 1 mg/dL , LDL-Chol 170 . 1 versus 162 . 2 mg/dL , HDL-Chol 50 . 0 versus 48 . 8 mg/dL , and TG 190 . 5 versus 184 . 4 mg/dL . PN constantly and significantly improved lipid parameters versus D group : at 16 weeks -19 . 1 versus -9 . 4% for Tot-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -23 . 5 versus -10 . 8% for LDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , +11 . 6 versus +4 . 0% for HDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -17 . 9 versus -11 . 3% for TG ( p < 0 . 001 ) . In conclusions , PN plus diet allows an effective improvement of blood lipids with a significant reduction of global CV risk , suggesting a role for PN in CHD prevention .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Efficacy of a new patented proprietary combination of natural nutraceuticals ( PN ) containing natural hypolipidemic as red yeast , policosanol and berberine was tested in a large study on dyslipidemic patients in clinical practice . A parallel , controlled , randomized , multicenter study was designed . After 2 weeks on a stable dietary regimen , the patients were randomized to PN 1 tablet/day associated with diet ( PN + D ) or diet alone ( D ) for 16 weeks . Entry criteria were : Tot-Chol >200 mg/dL or LDL-Chol >150 mg/dL without a clear indication for statins , or plasma triglycerides >150 mg/dL . Lipid pattern and CV parameters were evaluated at baseline and monthly .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: A parallel , controlled , randomized , multicenter study was designed . After 2 weeks on a stable dietary regimen , the patients were randomized to PN 1 tablet/day associated with diet ( PN + D ) or diet alone ( D ) for 16 weeks . Entry criteria were : Tot-Chol >200 mg/dL or LDL-Chol >150 mg/dL without a clear indication for statins , or plasma triglycerides >150 mg/dL . Lipid pattern and CV parameters were evaluated at baseline and monthly . 1 , 751 patients were enrolled in 248 Italian units , 933 patients on PN + D and 818 on D The baseline lipid values were : Tot-Chol 255 . 4 versus 243 . 1 mg/dL , LDL-Chol 170 . 1 versus 162 . 2 mg/dL , HDL-Chol 50 . 0 versus 48 . 8 mg/dL , and TG 190 . 5 versus 184 . 4 mg/dL . PN constantly and significantly improved lipid parameters versus D group : at 16 weeks -19 . 1 versus -9 . 4% for Tot-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -23 . 5 versus -10 . 8% for LDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , +11 . 6 versus +4 . 0% for HDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -17 . 9 versus -11 . 3% for TG ( p < 0 . 001 ) . In conclusions , PN plus diet allows an effective improvement of blood lipids with a significant reduction of global CV risk , suggesting a role for PN in CHD prevention .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: After 2 weeks on a stable dietary regimen , the patients were randomized to PN 1 tablet/day associated with diet ( PN + D ) or diet alone ( D ) for 16 weeks . Entry criteria were : Tot-Chol >200 mg/dL or LDL-Chol >150 mg/dL without a clear indication for statins , or plasma triglycerides >150 mg/dL . Lipid pattern and CV parameters were evaluated at baseline and monthly . 1 , 751 patients were enrolled in 248 Italian units , 933 patients on PN + D and 818 on D The baseline lipid values were : Tot-Chol 255 . 4 versus 243 . 1 mg/dL , LDL-Chol 170 . 1 versus 162 . 2 mg/dL , HDL-Chol 50 . 0 versus 48 . 8 mg/dL , and TG 190 . 5 versus 184 . 4 mg/dL . PN constantly and significantly improved lipid parameters versus D group : at 16 weeks -19 . 1 versus -9 . 4% for Tot-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -23 . 5 versus -10 . 8% for LDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , +11 . 6 versus +4 . 0% for HDL-Chol ( p < 0 . 001 ) , -17 . 9 versus -11 . 3% for TG ( p < 0 . 001 ) . In conclusions , PN plus diet allows an effective improvement of blood lipids with a significant reduction of global CV risk , suggesting a role for PN in CHD prevention .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Movement protein Pns6 of rice dwarf phytoreovirus has both ATPase and RNA binding activities .
| | Author: Ji X Qian D Wei C Ye G Zhang Z Wu Z Xie L Li Y | | Journal: PLoS One Citation: V : 6 P : e24986 Year: 2011 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21949821 Accession (PMID): 21949821 | | Abstract: Cell-to-cell movement is essential for plant viruses to systemically infect host plants .
Plant viruses encode movement proteins ( MP ) to facilitate such movement .
Unlike the well-characterized MPs of DNA viruses and single-stranded RNA ( ssRNA ) viruses , knowledge of the functional mechanisms of MPs encoded by double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses is very limited .
In particular , many studied MPs of DNA and ssRNA viruses bind non-specifically ssRNAs , leading to models in which ribonucleoprotein complexes ( RNPs ) move from cell to cell .
Thus , it will be of special interest to determine whether MPs of dsRNA viruses interact with genomic dsRNAs or their derivative sRNAs .
To this end , we studied the biochemical functions of MP Pns6 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus that contains a 12-segmented dsRNA genome .
We report here that Pns6 binds both dsRNAs and ssRNAs .
Intriguingly , Pns6 exhibits non-sequence specificity for dsRNA but shows preference for ssRNA sequences derived from the conserved genomic 5- and 3-terminal consensus sequences of RDV .
Furthermore , Pns6 exhibits magnesium-dependent ATPase activities .
Mutagenesis identified the RNA binding and ATPase activity sites of Pns6 at the N and C-termini , respectively .
Our results uncovered the novel property of a viral MP in differentially recognizing dsRNA and ssRNA and establish a biochemical basis to enable further studies on the mechanisms of dsRNA viral MP functions .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: Plant viruses encode movement proteins ( MP ) to facilitate such movement . Unlike the well-characterized MPs of DNA viruses and single-stranded RNA ( ssRNA ) viruses , knowledge of the functional mechanisms of MPs encoded by double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses is very limited . In particular , many studied MPs of DNA and ssRNA viruses bind non-specifically ssRNAs , leading to models in which ribonucleoprotein complexes ( RNPs ) move from cell to cell . Thus , it will be of special interest to determine whether MPs of dsRNA viruses interact with genomic dsRNAs or their derivative sRNAs . To this end , we studied the biochemical functions of MP Pns6 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus that contains a 12-segmented dsRNA genome . We report here that Pns6 binds both dsRNAs and ssRNAs . Intriguingly , Pns6 exhibits non-sequence specificity for dsRNA but shows preference for ssRNA sequences derived from the conserved genomic 5- and 3-terminal consensus sequences of RDV . Furthermore , Pns6 exhibits magnesium-dependent ATPase activities . Mutagenesis identified the RNA binding and ATPase activity sites of Pns6 at the N and C-termini , respectively .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: Unlike the well-characterized MPs of DNA viruses and single-stranded RNA ( ssRNA ) viruses , knowledge of the functional mechanisms of MPs encoded by double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses is very limited . In particular , many studied MPs of DNA and ssRNA viruses bind non-specifically ssRNAs , leading to models in which ribonucleoprotein complexes ( RNPs ) move from cell to cell . Thus , it will be of special interest to determine whether MPs of dsRNA viruses interact with genomic dsRNAs or their derivative sRNAs . To this end , we studied the biochemical functions of MP Pns6 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus that contains a 12-segmented dsRNA genome . We report here that Pns6 binds both dsRNAs and ssRNAs . Intriguingly , Pns6 exhibits non-sequence specificity for dsRNA but shows preference for ssRNA sequences derived from the conserved genomic 5- and 3-terminal consensus sequences of RDV . Furthermore , Pns6 exhibits magnesium-dependent ATPase activities . Mutagenesis identified the RNA binding and ATPase activity sites of Pns6 at the N and C-termini , respectively . Our results uncovered the novel property of a viral MP in differentially recognizing dsRNA and ssRNA and establish a biochemical basis to enable further studies on the mechanisms of dsRNA viral MP functions .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: In particular , many studied MPs of DNA and ssRNA viruses bind non-specifically ssRNAs , leading to models in which ribonucleoprotein complexes ( RNPs ) move from cell to cell . Thus , it will be of special interest to determine whether MPs of dsRNA viruses interact with genomic dsRNAs or their derivative sRNAs . To this end , we studied the biochemical functions of MP Pns6 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus that contains a 12-segmented dsRNA genome . We report here that Pns6 binds both dsRNAs and ssRNAs . Intriguingly , Pns6 exhibits non-sequence specificity for dsRNA but shows preference for ssRNA sequences derived from the conserved genomic 5- and 3-terminal consensus sequences of RDV . Furthermore , Pns6 exhibits magnesium-dependent ATPase activities . Mutagenesis identified the RNA binding and ATPase activity sites of Pns6 at the N and C-termini , respectively . Our results uncovered the novel property of a viral MP in differentially recognizing dsRNA and ssRNA and establish a biochemical basis to enable further studies on the mechanisms of dsRNA viral MP functions .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: Thus , it will be of special interest to determine whether MPs of dsRNA viruses interact with genomic dsRNAs or their derivative sRNAs . To this end , we studied the biochemical functions of MP Pns6 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus that contains a 12-segmented dsRNA genome . We report here that Pns6 binds both dsRNAs and ssRNAs . Intriguingly , Pns6 exhibits non-sequence specificity for dsRNA but shows preference for ssRNA sequences derived from the conserved genomic 5- and 3-terminal consensus sequences of RDV . Furthermore , Pns6 exhibits magnesium-dependent ATPase activities . Mutagenesis identified the RNA binding and ATPase activity sites of Pns6 at the N and C-termini , respectively . Our results uncovered the novel property of a viral MP in differentially recognizing dsRNA and ssRNA and establish a biochemical basis to enable further studies on the mechanisms of dsRNA viral MP functions .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: To this end , we studied the biochemical functions of MP Pns6 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus that contains a 12-segmented dsRNA genome . We report here that Pns6 binds both dsRNAs and ssRNAs . Intriguingly , Pns6 exhibits non-sequence specificity for dsRNA but shows preference for ssRNA sequences derived from the conserved genomic 5- and 3-terminal consensus sequences of RDV . Furthermore , Pns6 exhibits magnesium-dependent ATPase activities . Mutagenesis identified the RNA binding and ATPase activity sites of Pns6 at the N and C-termini , respectively . Our results uncovered the novel property of a viral MP in differentially recognizing dsRNA and ssRNA and establish a biochemical basis to enable further studies on the mechanisms of dsRNA viral MP functions .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Orthorexia nervosa with hyponatremia , subcutaneous emphysema , pneumomediastimum , pneumothorax , and pancytopenia .
| | Author: Park SW Kim JY Go GJ Jeon ES Pyo HJ Kwon YJ | | Journal: Electrolyte Blood Press Citation: V : 9 P : 32-7 Year: 2011 Type: PubMed-not-MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub21998605 Accession (PMID): 21998605 | | Abstract: 30-year-old male was admitted with general weakness and drowsy mental status .
He had eaten only 3-4 spoons of brown rice and fresh vegetable without salt for 3 months to treat his tic disorder , and he had been in bed-ridden state .
He has had weight loss of 14 kg in the last 3 months .
We report a patient with orthorexia nervosa who developed hyponatremia , metabolic acidosis , subcutaneous emphysema , mediastinal emphysema , pneumothorax , and pancytopenia and we will review the literature .
Also , we mention to prevent refeeding syndrome , and to start and maintain feeding in malnourished patients .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: 30-year-old male was admitted with general weakness and drowsy mental status . He had eaten only 3-4 spoons of brown rice and fresh vegetable without salt for 3 months to treat his tic disorder , and he had been in bed-ridden state . He has had weight loss of 14 kg in the last 3 months . We report a patient with orthorexia nervosa who developed hyponatremia , metabolic acidosis , subcutaneous emphysema , mediastinal emphysema , pneumothorax , and pancytopenia and we will review the literature . Also , we mention to prevent refeeding syndrome , and to start and maintain feeding in malnourished patients .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Plasmonic nanobubble-enhanced endosomal escape processes for selective and guided intracellular delivery of chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer cells .
| | Author: Lukianova-Hleb EY Belyanin A Kashinath S Wu X Lapotko DO | | Journal: Biomaterials Citation: V : 33 P : 1821-6 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22137124 Accession (PMID): 22137124 | | Abstract: Cancer chemotherapies suffer from multi drug resistance , high non-specific toxicity and heterogeneity of tumors .
We report a method of plasmonic nanobubble-enhanced endosomal escape ( PNBEE ) for the selective , fast and guided intracellular delivery of drugs through a self-assembly by cancer cells of separately targeted gold nanoparticles and encapsulated drug ( Doxil ) .
The co-localized with Doxil plasmonic nanobubbles optically generated in cancer cells released the drug into the cytoplasm thus increasing the therapeutic efficacy against these drug-resistant cells by 31-fold , reducing drug dose by 20-fold , the treatment time by 3-fold and the non-specific toxicity by 10-fold compared to standard treatment .
Thus the PNBEE mechanism provided selective , safe and efficient intracellular drug delivery in heterogeneous environment opening new opportunities for drug therapies .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Cancer chemotherapies suffer from multi drug resistance , high non-specific toxicity and heterogeneity of tumors . We report a method of plasmonic nanobubble-enhanced endosomal escape ( PNBEE ) for the selective , fast and guided intracellular delivery of drugs through a self-assembly by cancer cells of separately targeted gold nanoparticles and encapsulated drug ( Doxil ) . The co-localized with Doxil plasmonic nanobubbles optically generated in cancer cells released the drug into the cytoplasm thus increasing the therapeutic efficacy against these drug-resistant cells by 31-fold , reducing drug dose by 20-fold , the treatment time by 3-fold and the non-specific toxicity by 10-fold compared to standard treatment . Thus the PNBEE mechanism provided selective , safe and efficient intracellular drug delivery in heterogeneous environment opening new opportunities for drug therapies .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Cancer chemotherapies suffer from multi drug resistance , high non-specific toxicity and heterogeneity of tumors . We report a method of plasmonic nanobubble-enhanced endosomal escape ( PNBEE ) for the selective , fast and guided intracellular delivery of drugs through a self-assembly by cancer cells of separately targeted gold nanoparticles and encapsulated drug ( Doxil ) . The co-localized with Doxil plasmonic nanobubbles optically generated in cancer cells released the drug into the cytoplasm thus increasing the therapeutic efficacy against these drug-resistant cells by 31-fold , reducing drug dose by 20-fold , the treatment time by 3-fold and the non-specific toxicity by 10-fold compared to standard treatment . Thus the PNBEE mechanism provided selective , safe and efficient intracellular drug delivery in heterogeneous environment opening new opportunities for drug therapies .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Hairpin RNA derived from the gene for Pns9 , a viroplasm matrix protein of Rice gall dwarf virus , confers strong resistance to virus infection in transgenic rice plants .
| | Author: Shimizu T Nakazono-Nagaoka E Akita F Wei T Sasaya T Omura T Uehara-Ichiki T | | Journal: J Biotechnol Citation: V : 157 P : 421-7 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22212819 Accession (PMID): 22212819 | | Abstract: The nonstructural Pns9 protein of Rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae .
An RNA interference construct was designed to target the gene for Pns9 of RGDV , namely Trigger_G9 .
The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific for the construct .
All progenies from self-fertilized transgenic plants had strong and heritable resistance to RGDV infection and did not allow the propagation of RGDV .
By contrast , our transgenic plants remained susceptible to Rice dwarf virus , another phytoreovirus .
There were no significant changes in the morphology of our transgenic plants compared with non-inoculated wild-type rice plants , suggesting that genes critical for the growth of rice plants were unaffected .
Our results demonstrate that the resistance to RGDV of our transgenic rice plants is not due to resistance to the vector insects but to specific inhibition of RGDV replication and that the designed trigger sequence is functioning normally .
Thus , our strategy to target a gene for viroplasm matrix protein should be applicable to plant viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The nonstructural Pns9 protein of Rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae . An RNA interference construct was designed to target the gene for Pns9 of RGDV , namely Trigger_G9 . The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific for the construct . All progenies from self-fertilized transgenic plants had strong and heritable resistance to RGDV infection and did not allow the propagation of RGDV . By contrast , our transgenic plants remained susceptible to Rice dwarf virus , another phytoreovirus .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The nonstructural Pns9 protein of Rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae . An RNA interference construct was designed to target the gene for Pns9 of RGDV , namely Trigger_G9 . The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific for the construct . All progenies from self-fertilized transgenic plants had strong and heritable resistance to RGDV infection and did not allow the propagation of RGDV . By contrast , our transgenic plants remained susceptible to Rice dwarf virus , another phytoreovirus . There were no significant changes in the morphology of our transgenic plants compared with non-inoculated wild-type rice plants , suggesting that genes critical for the growth of rice plants were unaffected .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: The role of the oligosaccharide binding cleft of rice BGlu1 in hydrolysis of cellooligosaccharides and in their synthesis by rice BGlu1 glycosynthase .
| | Author: Pengthaisong S Withers SG Kuaprasert B Svasti J Cairns JR | | Journal: Protein Sci Citation: V : 21 P : 362-72 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22238157 Accession (PMID): 22238157 | | Abstract: Rice BGlu1 beta-glucosidase nucleophile mutant E386G is a glycosynthase that can synthesize p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) -cellooligosaccharides of up to 11 residues .
The X-ray crystal structures of the E386G glycosynthase with and without alpha-glucosyl fluoride were solved and the alpha-glucosyl fluoride complex was found to contain an ordered water molecule near the position of the nucleophile of the BGlu1 native structure , which is likely to stabilize the departing fluoride .
The structures of E386G glycosynthase in complexes with cellotetraose and cellopentaose confirmed that the side chains of N245 , S334 , and Y341 interact with glucosyl residues in cellooligosaccharide binding subsites +2 , +3 , and +4 .
Mutants in which these residues were replaced in BGlu1 beta-glucosidase hydrolyzed cellotetraose and cellopentaose with k ( cat ) /K ( m ) values similar to those of the wild type enzyme .
However , the Y341A , Y341L , and N245V mutants of the E386G glycosynthase synthesize shorter pNP-cellooligosaccharides than do the E386G glycosynthase and its S334A mutant , suggesting that Y341 and N245 play important roles in the synthesis of long oligosaccharides .
X-ray structural studies revealed that cellotetraose binds to the Y341A mutant of the glycosynthase in a very different , alternative mode not seen in complexes with the E386G glycosynthase , possibly explaining the similar hydrolysis , but poorer synthesis of longer oligosaccharides by Y341 mutants .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice BGlu1 beta-glucosidase nucleophile mutant E386G is a glycosynthase that can synthesize p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) -cellooligosaccharides of up to 11 residues . The X-ray crystal structures of the E386G glycosynthase with and without alpha-glucosyl fluoride were solved and the alpha-glucosyl fluoride complex was found to contain an ordered water molecule near the position of the nucleophile of the BGlu1 native structure , which is likely to stabilize the departing fluoride . The structures of E386G glycosynthase in complexes with cellotetraose and cellopentaose confirmed that the side chains of N245 , S334 , and Y341 interact with glucosyl residues in cellooligosaccharide binding subsites +2 , +3 , and +4 . Mutants in which these residues were replaced in BGlu1 beta-glucosidase hydrolyzed cellotetraose and cellopentaose with k ( cat ) /K ( m ) values similar to those of the wild type enzyme . However , the Y341A , Y341L , and N245V mutants of the E386G glycosynthase synthesize shorter pNP-cellooligosaccharides than do the E386G glycosynthase and its S334A mutant , suggesting that Y341 and N245 play important roles in the synthesis of long oligosaccharides .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice BGlu1 beta-glucosidase nucleophile mutant E386G is a glycosynthase that can synthesize p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) -cellooligosaccharides of up to 11 residues . The X-ray crystal structures of the E386G glycosynthase with and without alpha-glucosyl fluoride were solved and the alpha-glucosyl fluoride complex was found to contain an ordered water molecule near the position of the nucleophile of the BGlu1 native structure , which is likely to stabilize the departing fluoride . The structures of E386G glycosynthase in complexes with cellotetraose and cellopentaose confirmed that the side chains of N245 , S334 , and Y341 interact with glucosyl residues in cellooligosaccharide binding subsites +2 , +3 , and +4 . Mutants in which these residues were replaced in BGlu1 beta-glucosidase hydrolyzed cellotetraose and cellopentaose with k ( cat ) /K ( m ) values similar to those of the wild type enzyme . However , the Y341A , Y341L , and N245V mutants of the E386G glycosynthase synthesize shorter pNP-cellooligosaccharides than do the E386G glycosynthase and its S334A mutant , suggesting that Y341 and N245 play important roles in the synthesis of long oligosaccharides . X-ray structural studies revealed that cellotetraose binds to the Y341A mutant of the glycosynthase in a very different , alternative mode not seen in complexes with the E386G glycosynthase , possibly explaining the similar hydrolysis , but poorer synthesis of longer oligosaccharides by Y341 mutants .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Transient photothermal spectra of plasmonic nanobubbles .
| | Author: Lukianova-Hleb EY Sassaroli E Jones A Lapotko DO | | Journal: Langmuir Citation: V : 28 P : 4858-66 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22339620 Accession (PMID): 22339620 | | Abstract: The photothermal efficacy of near-infrared gold nanoparticles ( NP ) , nanoshells , and nanorods was studied under pulsed high-energy optical excitation in plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) mode as a function of the wavelength and duration of the excitation laser pulse .
PNBs , transient vapor nanobubbles , were generated around individual and clustered overheated NPs in water and living cells .
Transient PNBs showed two photothermal features not previously observed for NPs : the narrowing of the spectral peaks to 1 nm and the strong dependence of the photothermal efficacy upon the duration of the laser pulse .
Narrow red-shifted ( relative to those of NPs ) near-infrared spectral peaks were observed for 70 ps excitation laser pulses , while longer sub and nanosecond pulses completely suppressed near-infrared peaks and blue shifted the PNB generation to the visual range .
Thus , PNBs can provide superior spectral selectivity over gold NPs under specific optical excitation conditions .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The photothermal efficacy of near-infrared gold nanoparticles ( NP ) , nanoshells , and nanorods was studied under pulsed high-energy optical excitation in plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) mode as a function of the wavelength and duration of the excitation laser pulse . PNBs , transient vapor nanobubbles , were generated around individual and clustered overheated NPs in water and living cells . Transient PNBs showed two photothermal features not previously observed for NPs : the narrowing of the spectral peaks to 1 nm and the strong dependence of the photothermal efficacy upon the duration of the laser pulse . Narrow red-shifted ( relative to those of NPs ) near-infrared spectral peaks were observed for 70 ps excitation laser pulses , while longer sub and nanosecond pulses completely suppressed near-infrared peaks and blue shifted the PNB generation to the visual range . Thus , PNBs can provide superior spectral selectivity over gold NPs under specific optical excitation conditions .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The photothermal efficacy of near-infrared gold nanoparticles ( NP ) , nanoshells , and nanorods was studied under pulsed high-energy optical excitation in plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) mode as a function of the wavelength and duration of the excitation laser pulse . PNBs , transient vapor nanobubbles , were generated around individual and clustered overheated NPs in water and living cells . Transient PNBs showed two photothermal features not previously observed for NPs : the narrowing of the spectral peaks to 1 nm and the strong dependence of the photothermal efficacy upon the duration of the laser pulse . Narrow red-shifted ( relative to those of NPs ) near-infrared spectral peaks were observed for 70 ps excitation laser pulses , while longer sub and nanosecond pulses completely suppressed near-infrared peaks and blue shifted the PNB generation to the visual range . Thus , PNBs can provide superior spectral selectivity over gold NPs under specific optical excitation conditions .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The photothermal efficacy of near-infrared gold nanoparticles ( NP ) , nanoshells , and nanorods was studied under pulsed high-energy optical excitation in plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) mode as a function of the wavelength and duration of the excitation laser pulse . PNBs , transient vapor nanobubbles , were generated around individual and clustered overheated NPs in water and living cells . Transient PNBs showed two photothermal features not previously observed for NPs : the narrowing of the spectral peaks to 1 nm and the strong dependence of the photothermal efficacy upon the duration of the laser pulse . Narrow red-shifted ( relative to those of NPs ) near-infrared spectral peaks were observed for 70 ps excitation laser pulses , while longer sub and nanosecond pulses completely suppressed near-infrared peaks and blue shifted the PNB generation to the visual range . Thus , PNBs can provide superior spectral selectivity over gold NPs under specific optical excitation conditions .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The photothermal efficacy of near-infrared gold nanoparticles ( NP ) , nanoshells , and nanorods was studied under pulsed high-energy optical excitation in plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) mode as a function of the wavelength and duration of the excitation laser pulse . PNBs , transient vapor nanobubbles , were generated around individual and clustered overheated NPs in water and living cells . Transient PNBs showed two photothermal features not previously observed for NPs : the narrowing of the spectral peaks to 1 nm and the strong dependence of the photothermal efficacy upon the duration of the laser pulse . Narrow red-shifted ( relative to those of NPs ) near-infrared spectral peaks were observed for 70 ps excitation laser pulses , while longer sub and nanosecond pulses completely suppressed near-infrared peaks and blue shifted the PNB generation to the visual range . Thus , PNBs can provide superior spectral selectivity over gold NPs under specific optical excitation conditions .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The photothermal efficacy of near-infrared gold nanoparticles ( NP ) , nanoshells , and nanorods was studied under pulsed high-energy optical excitation in plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) mode as a function of the wavelength and duration of the excitation laser pulse . PNBs , transient vapor nanobubbles , were generated around individual and clustered overheated NPs in water and living cells . Transient PNBs showed two photothermal features not previously observed for NPs : the narrowing of the spectral peaks to 1 nm and the strong dependence of the photothermal efficacy upon the duration of the laser pulse . Narrow red-shifted ( relative to those of NPs ) near-infrared spectral peaks were observed for 70 ps excitation laser pulses , while longer sub and nanosecond pulses completely suppressed near-infrared peaks and blue shifted the PNB generation to the visual range . Thus , PNBs can provide superior spectral selectivity over gold NPs under specific optical excitation conditions .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Transmission biology of Raspberry latent virus , the first aphid-borne reovirus .
| | Author: Quito-Avila DF Lightle D Lee J Martin RR | | Journal: Phytopathology Citation: V : 102 P : 547-53 Year: 2012 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22352304 Accession (PMID): 22352304 | | Abstract: Raspberry latent virus ( RpLV ) is a newly characterized reovirus found in commercial raspberry fields in the Pacific Northwest ( PNW ) .
Thus far , all members of the plant reoviruses are transmitted in a replicative , persistent manner by several species of leafhoppers or planthoppers .
After several failed attempts to transmit RpLV using leafhoppers , the large raspberry aphid , commonly found in the PNW , was tested as a vector of the virus .
The virus was transmitted to new , healthy raspberry plants when inoculated with groups of at least 50 viruliferous aphids , suggesting that aphids are vectors of RpLV , albeit inefficient ones .
Using absolute and relative quantification methods , it was shown that the virus titer in aphids continued to increase after the acquisition period even when aphids were serially transferred onto fresh , healthy plants on a daily basis .
Transmission experiments determined that RpLV has a 6-day latent period in the aphid before it becomes transmissible ; however , it was not transmitted transovarially to the next generation .
To our knowledge , this is the first report of a plant reovirus transmitted by an aphid .
Phylogenetic analyses showed that RpLV is related most closely to but distinct from Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , the type member of the genus Oryzavirus .
Moreover , the conserved nucleotide termini of the genomic segments of RpLV did not match those of RRSV or other plant reoviruses , allowing us to suggest that RpLV is probably the type member of a new genus in the Reoviridae comprising aphid-transmitted reoviruses .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Raspberry latent virus ( RpLV ) is a newly characterized reovirus found in commercial raspberry fields in the Pacific Northwest ( PNW ) . Thus far , all members of the plant reoviruses are transmitted in a replicative , persistent manner by several species of leafhoppers or planthoppers . After several failed attempts to transmit RpLV using leafhoppers , the large raspberry aphid , commonly found in the PNW , was tested as a vector of the virus . The virus was transmitted to new , healthy raspberry plants when inoculated with groups of at least 50 viruliferous aphids , suggesting that aphids are vectors of RpLV , albeit inefficient ones . Using absolute and relative quantification methods , it was shown that the virus titer in aphids continued to increase after the acquisition period even when aphids were serially transferred onto fresh , healthy plants on a daily basis .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Raspberry latent virus ( RpLV ) is a newly characterized reovirus found in commercial raspberry fields in the Pacific Northwest ( PNW ) . Thus far , all members of the plant reoviruses are transmitted in a replicative , persistent manner by several species of leafhoppers or planthoppers . After several failed attempts to transmit RpLV using leafhoppers , the large raspberry aphid , commonly found in the PNW , was tested as a vector of the virus . The virus was transmitted to new , healthy raspberry plants when inoculated with groups of at least 50 viruliferous aphids , suggesting that aphids are vectors of RpLV , albeit inefficient ones . Using absolute and relative quantification methods , it was shown that the virus titer in aphids continued to increase after the acquisition period even when aphids were serially transferred onto fresh , healthy plants on a daily basis . Transmission experiments determined that RpLV has a 6-day latent period in the aphid before it becomes transmissible ; however , it was not transmitted transovarially to the next generation . To our knowledge , this is the first report of a plant reovirus transmitted by an aphid .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Genome-wide association study identifies novel loci associated with circulating phospho and sphingolipid concentrations .
| | Author: Demirkan A van Duijn CM Ugocsai P Isaacs A Pramstaller PP Liebisch G Wilson JF Johansson A Rudan I Aulchenko YS Kirichenko AV Janssens AC Jansen RC Gnewuch C Domingues FS Pattaro C Wild SH Jonasson I Polasek O Zorkoltseva IV Hofman A Karssen LC Struchalin M Floyd J Igl W Biloglav Z Broer L Pfeufer A Pichler I Campbell S Zaboli G Kolcic I Rivadeneira F Huffman J Hastie ND Uitterlinden A Franke L Franklin CS Vitart V Nelson CP Preuss M Bis JC ODonnell CJ Franceschini N Witteman JC Axenovich T Oostra BA Meitinger T Hicks AA Hayward C Wright AF Gyllensten U Campbell H Schmitz G | | Journal: PLoS Genet Citation: V : 8 P : e1002490 Year: 2012 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22359512 Accession (PMID): 22359512 | | Abstract: Phospho and sphingolipids are crucial cellular and intracellular compounds .
These lipids are required for active transport , a number of enzymatic processes , membrane formation , and cell signalling .
Disruption of their metabolism leads to several diseases , with diverse neurological , psychiatric , and metabolic consequences .
A large number of phospholipid and sphingolipid species can be detected and measured in human plasma .
We conducted a meta-analysis of five European family-based genome-wide association studies ( N = 4034 ) on plasma levels of 24 sphingomyelins ( SPM ) , 9 ceramides ( CER ) , 57 phosphatidylcholines ( PC ) , 20 lysophosphatidylcholines ( LPC ) , 27 phosphatidylethanolamines ( PE ) , and 16 PE-based plasmalogens ( PLPE ) , as well as their proportions in each major class .
This effort yielded 25 genome-wide significant loci for phospholipids ( smallest P-value = 9 . 88x10 ( -204 ) ) and 10 loci for sphingolipids ( smallest P-value = 3 . 10x10 ( -57 ) ) .
After a correction for multiple comparisons ( P-value<2 . 2x10 ( -9 ) ) , we observed four novel loci significantly associated with phospholipids ( PAQR9 , AGPAT1 , PKD2L1 , PDXDC1 ) and two with sphingolipids ( PLD2 and APOE ) explaining up to 3 . 1% of the variance .
Further analysis of the top findings with respect to within class molar proportions uncovered three additional loci for phospholipids ( PNLIPRP2 , PCDH20 , and ABDH3 ) suggesting their involvement in either fatty acid elongation/saturation processes or fatty acid specific turnover mechanisms .
Among those , 14 loci ( KCNH7 , AGPAT1 , PNLIPRP2 , SYT9 , FADS1-2-3 , DLG2 , APOA1 , ELOVL2 , CDK17 , LIPC , PDXDC1 , PLD2 , LASS4 , and APOE ) mapped into the glycerophospholipid and 12 loci ( ILKAP , ITGA9 , AGPAT1 , FADS1-2-3 , APOA1 , PCDH20 , LIPC , PDXDC1 , SGPP1 , APOE , LASS4 , and PLD2 ) to the sphingolipid pathways .
In large meta-analyses , associations between FADS1-2-3 and carotid intima media thickness , AGPAT1 and type 2 diabetes , and APOA1 and coronary artery disease were observed .
In conclusion , our study identified nine novel phospho and sphingolipid loci , substantially increasing our knowledge of the genetic basis for these traits .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: A large number of phospholipid and sphingolipid species can be detected and measured in human plasma . We conducted a meta-analysis of five European family-based genome-wide association studies ( N = 4034 ) on plasma levels of 24 sphingomyelins ( SPM ) , 9 ceramides ( CER ) , 57 phosphatidylcholines ( PC ) , 20 lysophosphatidylcholines ( LPC ) , 27 phosphatidylethanolamines ( PE ) , and 16 PE-based plasmalogens ( PLPE ) , as well as their proportions in each major class . This effort yielded 25 genome-wide significant loci for phospholipids ( smallest P-value = 9 . 88x10 ( -204 ) ) and 10 loci for sphingolipids ( smallest P-value = 3 . 10x10 ( -57 ) ) . After a correction for multiple comparisons ( P-value<2 . 2x10 ( -9 ) ) , we observed four novel loci significantly associated with phospholipids ( PAQR9 , AGPAT1 , PKD2L1 , PDXDC1 ) and two with sphingolipids ( PLD2 and APOE ) explaining up to 3 . 1% of the variance . Further analysis of the top findings with respect to within class molar proportions uncovered three additional loci for phospholipids ( PNLIPRP2 , PCDH20 , and ABDH3 ) suggesting their involvement in either fatty acid elongation/saturation processes or fatty acid specific turnover mechanisms . Among those , 14 loci ( KCNH7 , AGPAT1 , PNLIPRP2 , SYT9 , FADS1-2-3 , DLG2 , APOA1 , ELOVL2 , CDK17 , LIPC , PDXDC1 , PLD2 , LASS4 , and APOE ) mapped into the glycerophospholipid and 12 loci ( ILKAP , ITGA9 , AGPAT1 , FADS1-2-3 , APOA1 , PCDH20 , LIPC , PDXDC1 , SGPP1 , APOE , LASS4 , and PLD2 ) to the sphingolipid pathways . In large meta-analyses , associations between FADS1-2-3 and carotid intima media thickness , AGPAT1 and type 2 diabetes , and APOA1 and coronary artery disease were observed . In conclusion , our study identified nine novel phospho and sphingolipid loci , substantially increasing our knowledge of the genetic basis for these traits .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: We conducted a meta-analysis of five European family-based genome-wide association studies ( N = 4034 ) on plasma levels of 24 sphingomyelins ( SPM ) , 9 ceramides ( CER ) , 57 phosphatidylcholines ( PC ) , 20 lysophosphatidylcholines ( LPC ) , 27 phosphatidylethanolamines ( PE ) , and 16 PE-based plasmalogens ( PLPE ) , as well as their proportions in each major class . This effort yielded 25 genome-wide significant loci for phospholipids ( smallest P-value = 9 . 88x10 ( -204 ) ) and 10 loci for sphingolipids ( smallest P-value = 3 . 10x10 ( -57 ) ) . After a correction for multiple comparisons ( P-value<2 . 2x10 ( -9 ) ) , we observed four novel loci significantly associated with phospholipids ( PAQR9 , AGPAT1 , PKD2L1 , PDXDC1 ) and two with sphingolipids ( PLD2 and APOE ) explaining up to 3 . 1% of the variance . Further analysis of the top findings with respect to within class molar proportions uncovered three additional loci for phospholipids ( PNLIPRP2 , PCDH20 , and ABDH3 ) suggesting their involvement in either fatty acid elongation/saturation processes or fatty acid specific turnover mechanisms . Among those , 14 loci ( KCNH7 , AGPAT1 , PNLIPRP2 , SYT9 , FADS1-2-3 , DLG2 , APOA1 , ELOVL2 , CDK17 , LIPC , PDXDC1 , PLD2 , LASS4 , and APOE ) mapped into the glycerophospholipid and 12 loci ( ILKAP , ITGA9 , AGPAT1 , FADS1-2-3 , APOA1 , PCDH20 , LIPC , PDXDC1 , SGPP1 , APOE , LASS4 , and PLD2 ) to the sphingolipid pathways . In large meta-analyses , associations between FADS1-2-3 and carotid intima media thickness , AGPAT1 and type 2 diabetes , and APOA1 and coronary artery disease were observed . In conclusion , our study identified nine novel phospho and sphingolipid loci , substantially increasing our knowledge of the genetic basis for these traits .
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Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: Rice BGlu1 glycosynthase and wild type transglycosylation activities distinguished by cyclophellitol inhibition .
| | Author: Pengthaisong S Chen CF Withers SG Kuaprasert B Ketudat Cairns JR | | Journal: Carbohydr Res Citation: V : 352 P : 51-9 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22418094 Accession (PMID): 22418094 | | Abstract: The rice BGlu1 beta-D-glucosidase nucleophile mutant E386G is a glycosynthase that catalyzes the synthesis of cellooligosaccharides from alpha-d-glucopyranosyl fluoride ( GlcF ) donor and p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) cellobioside ( Glc2-pNP ) or cello-oligosaccharide acceptors .
When activity with other donors and acceptors was tested , the initial enzyme preparation cleaved pNP-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( Glc-pNP ) and pNP-beta-D-fucopyranoside ( Fuc-pNP ) to pNP and glucose and fucose , suggesting contamination with wild type BGlu1 beta-glucosidase .
The products from reaction of GlcF and Fuc-pNP included Fuc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , Glc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , and Fuc-beta- ( 1-->4 ) -Glc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , suggesting the presence of both wild type BGlu1 and its glycosynthase .
Inhibition of the BGlu1 beta-glucosidase activity within this preparation by cyclophellitol confirmed that the E386G glycosynthase preparation was contaminated with wild type BGlu1 .
Rice BGlu1 E386G-2 , generated from a new construct designed to minimize back-mutation , showed glycosynthase activity without wild type hydrolytic or transglycosylation activity .
E386G-2 catalyzed transfer of glycosyl residues from GlcF , alpha-L-arabinosyl fluoride , alpha-D-fucosyl fluoride , alpha-D-galactosyl fluoride , alpha-D-mannosyl fluoride , and alpha-D-xylosyl fluoride donors to Glc2-pNP acceptor .
The synthetic products from the reactions of alpha-fucosyl fluoride and alpha-mannosyl fluoride donors were confirmed to result from addition of a beta- ( 1-->4 ) -linked glycosyl residue .
Moreover , the E386G glycosynthase transferred glucose from GlcF donor to glucose , cellobiose , Glc-pNP , Fuc-pNP , pNP-beta-D-galactopyranoside , and pNP-beta-D-xylopyranoside acceptors , but little to pNP-beta-D-mannopyranoside .
Production of longer oligosaccharides occurred most readily on acceptors with an equatorial 4-OH .
Elimination of wild type contamination thereby allowed a clear assessment of BGlu1 E386G glycosynthase catalytic abilities .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 3.00 ]: The rice BGlu1 beta-D-glucosidase nucleophile mutant E386G is a glycosynthase that catalyzes the synthesis of cellooligosaccharides from alpha-d-glucopyranosyl fluoride ( GlcF ) donor and p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) cellobioside ( Glc2-pNP ) or cello-oligosaccharide acceptors . When activity with other donors and acceptors was tested , the initial enzyme preparation cleaved pNP-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( Glc-pNP ) and pNP-beta-D-fucopyranoside ( Fuc-pNP ) to pNP and glucose and fucose , suggesting contamination with wild type BGlu1 beta-glucosidase . The products from reaction of GlcF and Fuc-pNP included Fuc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , Glc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , and Fuc-beta- ( 1-->4 ) -Glc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , suggesting the presence of both wild type BGlu1 and its glycosynthase . Inhibition of the BGlu1 beta-glucosidase activity within this preparation by cyclophellitol confirmed that the E386G glycosynthase preparation was contaminated with wild type BGlu1 . Rice BGlu1 E386G-2 , generated from a new construct designed to minimize back-mutation , showed glycosynthase activity without wild type hydrolytic or transglycosylation activity . E386G-2 catalyzed transfer of glycosyl residues from GlcF , alpha-L-arabinosyl fluoride , alpha-D-fucosyl fluoride , alpha-D-galactosyl fluoride , alpha-D-mannosyl fluoride , and alpha-D-xylosyl fluoride donors to Glc2-pNP acceptor .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 3.00 ]: Inhibition of the BGlu1 beta-glucosidase activity within this preparation by cyclophellitol confirmed that the E386G glycosynthase preparation was contaminated with wild type BGlu1 . Rice BGlu1 E386G-2 , generated from a new construct designed to minimize back-mutation , showed glycosynthase activity without wild type hydrolytic or transglycosylation activity . E386G-2 catalyzed transfer of glycosyl residues from GlcF , alpha-L-arabinosyl fluoride , alpha-D-fucosyl fluoride , alpha-D-galactosyl fluoride , alpha-D-mannosyl fluoride , and alpha-D-xylosyl fluoride donors to Glc2-pNP acceptor . The synthetic products from the reactions of alpha-fucosyl fluoride and alpha-mannosyl fluoride donors were confirmed to result from addition of a beta- ( 1-->4 ) -linked glycosyl residue . Moreover , the E386G glycosynthase transferred glucose from GlcF donor to glucose , cellobiose , Glc-pNP , Fuc-pNP , pNP-beta-D-galactopyranoside , and pNP-beta-D-xylopyranoside acceptors , but little to pNP-beta-D-mannopyranoside . Production of longer oligosaccharides occurred most readily on acceptors with an equatorial 4-OH . Elimination of wild type contamination thereby allowed a clear assessment of BGlu1 E386G glycosynthase catalytic abilities .
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The rice BGlu1 beta-D-glucosidase nucleophile mutant E386G is a glycosynthase that catalyzes the synthesis of cellooligosaccharides from alpha-d-glucopyranosyl fluoride ( GlcF ) donor and p-nitrophenyl ( pNP ) cellobioside ( Glc2-pNP ) or cello-oligosaccharide acceptors . When activity with other donors and acceptors was tested , the initial enzyme preparation cleaved pNP-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( Glc-pNP ) and pNP-beta-D-fucopyranoside ( Fuc-pNP ) to pNP and glucose and fucose , suggesting contamination with wild type BGlu1 beta-glucosidase . The products from reaction of GlcF and Fuc-pNP included Fuc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , Glc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , and Fuc-beta- ( 1-->4 ) -Glc-beta- ( 1-->3 ) -Fuc-pNP , suggesting the presence of both wild type BGlu1 and its glycosynthase . Inhibition of the BGlu1 beta-glucosidase activity within this preparation by cyclophellitol confirmed that the E386G glycosynthase preparation was contaminated with wild type BGlu1 . Rice BGlu1 E386G-2 , generated from a new construct designed to minimize back-mutation , showed glycosynthase activity without wild type hydrolytic or transglycosylation activity .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis : a spectrum of histopathological and imaging phenotypes .
| | Author: Reddy TL Tominaga M Hansell DM von der Thusen J Rassl D Parfrey H Guy S Twentyman O Rice A Maher TM Renzoni EA Wells AU Nicholson AG | | Journal: Eur Respir J Citation: V : 40 P : 377-85 Year: 2012 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22441748 Accession (PMID): 22441748 | | Abstract: Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis ( PPFE ) is a rare condition characterised by predominantly upper lobe pleural and subjacent parenchymal fibrosis , the latter being intra-alveolar with accompanying elastosis of the alveolar walls .
The aim of this study was to review cases fulfilling published imaging and histological criteria , and identify any common clinical features that may suggest an underlying aetiology for a condition that has previously been regarded as idiopathic .
Of 12 patients ( seven females , median age 57 yrs ) , the presenting symptoms were shortness of breath ( 11 out of 12 patients ) and dry cough ( six out of 12 patients ) .
Seven patients reported recurrent infections during the course of their disease .
Five demonstrated nonspecific autoantibody positivity .
Two patients had a family history of interstitial lung disease ( ILD ) .
High-resolution computed tomography features of lung disease remote from the pleuroparenchymal changes were present in six out of 12 patients ( coexistent fibrosis , n=5 ; bronchiectasis , n=1 ) .
Of seven patients with it issue sampled from the lower lobes , four patients showed less intense PPFE changes ( one with additional features of hypersensitivity pneumonitis ) and three showed usual interstitial pneumonia .
PPFE is a distinct clinicopathological entity , with clinical data suggesting a link to recurrent pulmonary infection .
Genetic and autoimmune mechanisms may also contribute to the development of these changes .
PPFE may also present with more diffuse involvement than previously reported , and coexist with different patterns of ILD .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 2.00 ]: Seven patients reported recurrent infections during the course of their disease . Five demonstrated nonspecific autoantibody positivity . Two patients had a family history of interstitial lung disease ( ILD ) . High-resolution computed tomography features of lung disease remote from the pleuroparenchymal changes were present in six out of 12 patients ( coexistent fibrosis , n=5 ; bronchiectasis , n=1 ) . Of seven patients with it issue sampled from the lower lobes , four patients showed less intense PPFE changes ( one with additional features of hypersensitivity pneumonitis ) and three showed usual interstitial pneumonia . PPFE is a distinct clinicopathological entity , with clinical data suggesting a link to recurrent pulmonary infection . Genetic and autoimmune mechanisms may also contribute to the development of these changes . PPFE may also present with more diffuse involvement than previously reported , and coexist with different patterns of ILD .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Potential allergenicity research of Cry1C protein from genetically modified rice .
| | Author: Cao S He X Xu W Luo Y Ran W Liang L Dai Y Huang K | | Journal: Regul Toxicol Pharmacol Citation: V : 63 P : 181-7 Year: 2012 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22504668 Accession (PMID): 22504668 | | Abstract: With the development of genetically modified crops , there has been a growing interest in available approaches to assess the potential allergenicity of novel gene products .
We were not sure whether Cry1C could induce allergy .
We examined the protein with three other proteins to determine the potential allergenicity of Cry1C protein from genetically modified rice .
Female Brown Norway ( BN ) rats received 0 . 1 mg peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) , 1mg potato acid phosphatase ( PAP ) , 1mg ovalbumin ( OVA ) or 5 mg purified Cry1C protein dissolved in 1 mL water by daily gavage for 42 days to test potential allergenicity .
Ten days after the last gavage , rats were orally challenged with antigens , and physiologic and immunologic responses were studied .
In contrast to sensitization with PNA , PAP and OVA Cry1C protein did not induce antigen-specific IgG2a in BN rats .
Cytokine expression , serum IgE and histamine levels and the number of eosinophils and mast cells in the blood of Cry1C group rats were comparable to the control group rats , which were treated with water alone .
As Cry1C did not show any allergenicity , we make the following conclusion that the protein could be safety used in rice or other plants .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: With the development of genetically modified crops , there has been a growing interest in available approaches to assess the potential allergenicity of novel gene products . We were not sure whether Cry1C could induce allergy . We examined the protein with three other proteins to determine the potential allergenicity of Cry1C protein from genetically modified rice . Female Brown Norway ( BN ) rats received 0 . 1 mg peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) , 1mg potato acid phosphatase ( PAP ) , 1mg ovalbumin ( OVA ) or 5 mg purified Cry1C protein dissolved in 1 mL water by daily gavage for 42 days to test potential allergenicity . Ten days after the last gavage , rats were orally challenged with antigens , and physiologic and immunologic responses were studied . In contrast to sensitization with PNA , PAP and OVA Cry1C protein did not induce antigen-specific IgG2a in BN rats . Cytokine expression , serum IgE and histamine levels and the number of eosinophils and mast cells in the blood of Cry1C group rats were comparable to the control group rats , which were treated with water alone . As Cry1C did not show any allergenicity , we make the following conclusion that the protein could be safety used in rice or other plants .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: We were not sure whether Cry1C could induce allergy . We examined the protein with three other proteins to determine the potential allergenicity of Cry1C protein from genetically modified rice . Female Brown Norway ( BN ) rats received 0 . 1 mg peanut agglutinin ( PNA ) , 1mg potato acid phosphatase ( PAP ) , 1mg ovalbumin ( OVA ) or 5 mg purified Cry1C protein dissolved in 1 mL water by daily gavage for 42 days to test potential allergenicity . Ten days after the last gavage , rats were orally challenged with antigens , and physiologic and immunologic responses were studied . In contrast to sensitization with PNA , PAP and OVA Cry1C protein did not induce antigen-specific IgG2a in BN rats . Cytokine expression , serum IgE and histamine levels and the number of eosinophils and mast cells in the blood of Cry1C group rats were comparable to the control group rats , which were treated with water alone . As Cry1C did not show any allergenicity , we make the following conclusion that the protein could be safety used in rice or other plants .
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Improved cellular specificity of plasmonic nanobubbles versus nanoparticles in heterogeneous cell systems .
| | Author: Lukianova-Hleb EY Ren X Constantinou PE Danysh BP Shenefelt DL Carson DD Farach-Carson MC Kulchitsky VA Wu X Wagner DS Lapotko DO | | Journal: PLoS One Citation: V : 7 P : e34537 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22509318 Accession (PMID): 22509318 | | Abstract: The limited specificity of nanoparticle ( NP ) uptake by target cells associated with a disease is one of the principal challenges of nanomedicine .
Using the threshold mechanism of plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) generation and enhanced accumulation and clustering of gold nanoparticles in target cells , we increased the specificity of PNB generation and detection in target versus non-target cells by more than one order of magnitude compared to the specificity of NP uptake by the same cells .
This improved cellular specificity of PNBs was demonstrated in six different cell models representing diverse molecular targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor , CD3 receptor , prostate specific membrane antigen and mucin molecule MUC1 .
Thus PNBs may be a universal method and nano-agent that overcome the problem of non-specific uptake of NPs by non-target cells and improve the specificity of NP-based diagnostics , therapeutics and theranostics at the cell level .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: The limited specificity of nanoparticle ( NP ) uptake by target cells associated with a disease is one of the principal challenges of nanomedicine . Using the threshold mechanism of plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) generation and enhanced accumulation and clustering of gold nanoparticles in target cells , we increased the specificity of PNB generation and detection in target versus non-target cells by more than one order of magnitude compared to the specificity of NP uptake by the same cells . This improved cellular specificity of PNBs was demonstrated in six different cell models representing diverse molecular targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor , CD3 receptor , prostate specific membrane antigen and mucin molecule MUC1 . Thus PNBs may be a universal method and nano-agent that overcome the problem of non-specific uptake of NPs by non-target cells and improve the specificity of NP-based diagnostics , therapeutics and theranostics at the cell level .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The limited specificity of nanoparticle ( NP ) uptake by target cells associated with a disease is one of the principal challenges of nanomedicine . Using the threshold mechanism of plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) generation and enhanced accumulation and clustering of gold nanoparticles in target cells , we increased the specificity of PNB generation and detection in target versus non-target cells by more than one order of magnitude compared to the specificity of NP uptake by the same cells . This improved cellular specificity of PNBs was demonstrated in six different cell models representing diverse molecular targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor , CD3 receptor , prostate specific membrane antigen and mucin molecule MUC1 . Thus PNBs may be a universal method and nano-agent that overcome the problem of non-specific uptake of NPs by non-target cells and improve the specificity of NP-based diagnostics , therapeutics and theranostics at the cell level .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The limited specificity of nanoparticle ( NP ) uptake by target cells associated with a disease is one of the principal challenges of nanomedicine . Using the threshold mechanism of plasmonic nanobubble ( PNB ) generation and enhanced accumulation and clustering of gold nanoparticles in target cells , we increased the specificity of PNB generation and detection in target versus non-target cells by more than one order of magnitude compared to the specificity of NP uptake by the same cells . This improved cellular specificity of PNBs was demonstrated in six different cell models representing diverse molecular targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor , CD3 receptor , prostate specific membrane antigen and mucin molecule MUC1 . Thus PNBs may be a universal method and nano-agent that overcome the problem of non-specific uptake of NPs by non-target cells and improve the specificity of NP-based diagnostics , therapeutics and theranostics at the cell level .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Critical illness from 2009 pandemic influenza A virus and bacterial coinfection in the United States .
| | Author: Rice TW Rubinson L Uyeki TM Vaughn FL John BB Miller RR 3rd Higgs E Randolph AG Smoot BE Thompson BT | | Journal: Crit Care Med Citation: V : 40 P : 1487-98 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22511131 Accession (PMID): 22511131 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVES : The contribution of bacterial coinfection to critical illness associated with 2009 influenza A virus infection remains uncertain .
The objective of this study was to determine whether bacterial coinfection increased the morbidity and mortality of 2009 influenza A DESIGN : Retrospective and prospective cohort study .
SETTING : Thirty-five adult US intensive care units over the course of 1 yr .
PATIENTS : Six hundred eighty-three critically ill adults with confirmed or probable 2009 influenza A INTERVENTIONS : None .
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS : A confirmed or probable case was defined as a positive 2009 influenza A test result or positive test for influenza A that was otherwise not subtyped .
Bacterial coinfection was defined as documented bacteremia or any presumed bacterial pneumonia with or without positive respiratory tract culture within 72 hrs of intensive care unit admission .
The mean age was 45+/-16 yrs , mean body mass index was 32 . 5+/-11 . 1 kg/m , and mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Examination II score was 21+/-9 , with 76% having at least one comorbidity .
Of 207 ( 30 . 3% ) patients with bacterial coinfection on intensive care unit admission , 154 had positive cultures with Staphylococcus aureus ( n=57 ) and Streptococcus pneumoniae ( n=19 ) , the most commonly identified pathogens .
Bacterial coinfected patients were more likely to present with shock ( 21% vs 10% ; p= . 0001 ) , require mechanical ventilation at the time of intensive care unit admission ( 63% vs 52% ; p= . 005 ) , and have longer duration of intensive care unit care ( median , 7 vs 6 days ; p= . 05 ) .
Hospital mortality was 23% ; 31% in bacterial coinfected patients and 21% in patients without coinfection ( p= . 002 ) .
Immunosuppression ( relative risk 1 . 57 ; 95% confidence interval 1 . 20 -2 . 06 ; p= . 0009 ) and Staphylococcus aureus at admission ( relative risk 2 . 82 ; 95% confidence interval 1 . 76-4 . 51 ; p< . 0001 ) were independently associated with increased mortality .
CONCLUSIONS : Among intensive care unit patients with 2009 influenza A , bacterial coinfection diagnosed within 72 hrs of admission , especially with Staphylococcus aureus , was associated with significantly higher morbidity and mortality .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: The objective of this study was to determine whether bacterial coinfection increased the morbidity and mortality of 2009 influenza A DESIGN : Retrospective and prospective cohort study . SETTING : Thirty-five adult US intensive care units over the course of 1 yr . PATIENTS : Six hundred eighty-three critically ill adults with confirmed or probable 2009 influenza A INTERVENTIONS : None . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS : A confirmed or probable case was defined as a positive 2009 influenza A test result or positive test for influenza A that was otherwise not subtyped . Bacterial coinfection was defined as documented bacteremia or any presumed bacterial pneumonia with or without positive respiratory tract culture within 72 hrs of intensive care unit admission . The mean age was 45+/-16 yrs , mean body mass index was 32 . 5+/-11 . 1 kg/m , and mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Examination II score was 21+/-9 , with 76% having at least one comorbidity . Of 207 ( 30 . 3% ) patients with bacterial coinfection on intensive care unit admission , 154 had positive cultures with Staphylococcus aureus ( n=57 ) and Streptococcus pneumoniae ( n=19 ) , the most commonly identified pathogens . Bacterial coinfected patients were more likely to present with shock ( 21% vs 10% ; p= . 0001 ) , require mechanical ventilation at the time of intensive care unit admission ( 63% vs 52% ; p= . 005 ) , and have longer duration of intensive care unit care ( median , 7 vs 6 days ; p= . 05 ) . Hospital mortality was 23% ; 31% in bacterial coinfected patients and 21% in patients without coinfection ( p= . 002 ) .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: PATIENTS : Six hundred eighty-three critically ill adults with confirmed or probable 2009 influenza A INTERVENTIONS : None . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS : A confirmed or probable case was defined as a positive 2009 influenza A test result or positive test for influenza A that was otherwise not subtyped . Bacterial coinfection was defined as documented bacteremia or any presumed bacterial pneumonia with or without positive respiratory tract culture within 72 hrs of intensive care unit admission . The mean age was 45+/-16 yrs , mean body mass index was 32 . 5+/-11 . 1 kg/m , and mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Examination II score was 21+/-9 , with 76% having at least one comorbidity . Of 207 ( 30 . 3% ) patients with bacterial coinfection on intensive care unit admission , 154 had positive cultures with Staphylococcus aureus ( n=57 ) and Streptococcus pneumoniae ( n=19 ) , the most commonly identified pathogens . Bacterial coinfected patients were more likely to present with shock ( 21% vs 10% ; p= . 0001 ) , require mechanical ventilation at the time of intensive care unit admission ( 63% vs 52% ; p= . 005 ) , and have longer duration of intensive care unit care ( median , 7 vs 6 days ; p= . 05 ) . Hospital mortality was 23% ; 31% in bacterial coinfected patients and 21% in patients without coinfection ( p= . 002 ) . Immunosuppression ( relative risk 1 . 57 ; 95% confidence interval 1 . 20 -2 . 06 ; p= . 0009 ) and Staphylococcus aureus at admission ( relative risk 2 . 82 ; 95% confidence interval 1 . 76-4 . 51 ; p< . 0001 ) were independently associated with increased mortality . CONCLUSIONS : Among intensive care unit patients with 2009 influenza A , bacterial coinfection diagnosed within 72 hrs of admission , especially with Staphylococcus aureus , was associated with significantly higher morbidity and mortality .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Cell-specific transmembrane injection of molecular cargo with gold nanoparticle-generated transient plasmonic nanobubbles .
| | Author: Lukianova-Hleb EY Wagner DS Brenner MK Lapotko DO | | Journal: Biomaterials Citation: V : 33 P : 5441-50 Year: 2012 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22521612 Accession (PMID): 22521612 | | Abstract: Optimal cell therapies require efficient , selective and rapid delivery of molecular cargo into target cells without compromising their viability .
Achieving these goals ex vivo in bulk heterogeneous multi-cell systems such as human grafts is impeded by low selectivity and speed of cargo delivery and by significant damage to target and non-target cells .
We have developed a cell level approach for selective and guided transmembrane injection of extracellular cargo into specific target cells using transient plasmonic nanobubbles ( PNB ) as cell-specific nano-injectors .
As a technical platform for this method we developed a laser flow cell processing system .
The PNB injection method and flow system were tested in heterogeneous cell suspensions of target and non-target cells for delivery of Dextran-FITC dye into squamous cell carcinoma HN31 cells and transfection of human T-cells with a green fluorescent protein-encoding plasmid .
In both models the method demonstrated single cell type selectivity , high efficacy of delivery ( 96% both for HN31 cells T-cells ) , speed of delivery ( nanoseconds ) and viability of treated target cells ( 96% for HN31 cells and 75% for T-cells ) .
The PNB injection method may therefore be beneficial for real time processing of human grafts without removal of physiologically important cells .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Optimal cell therapies require efficient , selective and rapid delivery of molecular cargo into target cells without compromising their viability . Achieving these goals ex vivo in bulk heterogeneous multi-cell systems such as human grafts is impeded by low selectivity and speed of cargo delivery and by significant damage to target and non-target cells . We have developed a cell level approach for selective and guided transmembrane injection of extracellular cargo into specific target cells using transient plasmonic nanobubbles ( PNB ) as cell-specific nano-injectors . As a technical platform for this method we developed a laser flow cell processing system . The PNB injection method and flow system were tested in heterogeneous cell suspensions of target and non-target cells for delivery of Dextran-FITC dye into squamous cell carcinoma HN31 cells and transfection of human T-cells with a green fluorescent protein-encoding plasmid . In both models the method demonstrated single cell type selectivity , high efficacy of delivery ( 96% both for HN31 cells T-cells ) , speed of delivery ( nanoseconds ) and viability of treated target cells ( 96% for HN31 cells and 75% for T-cells ) . The PNB injection method may therefore be beneficial for real time processing of human grafts without removal of physiologically important cells .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Optimal cell therapies require efficient , selective and rapid delivery of molecular cargo into target cells without compromising their viability . Achieving these goals ex vivo in bulk heterogeneous multi-cell systems such as human grafts is impeded by low selectivity and speed of cargo delivery and by significant damage to target and non-target cells . We have developed a cell level approach for selective and guided transmembrane injection of extracellular cargo into specific target cells using transient plasmonic nanobubbles ( PNB ) as cell-specific nano-injectors . As a technical platform for this method we developed a laser flow cell processing system . The PNB injection method and flow system were tested in heterogeneous cell suspensions of target and non-target cells for delivery of Dextran-FITC dye into squamous cell carcinoma HN31 cells and transfection of human T-cells with a green fluorescent protein-encoding plasmid . In both models the method demonstrated single cell type selectivity , high efficacy of delivery ( 96% both for HN31 cells T-cells ) , speed of delivery ( nanoseconds ) and viability of treated target cells ( 96% for HN31 cells and 75% for T-cells ) . The PNB injection method may therefore be beneficial for real time processing of human grafts without removal of physiologically important cells .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have developed a cell level approach for selective and guided transmembrane injection of extracellular cargo into specific target cells using transient plasmonic nanobubbles ( PNB ) as cell-specific nano-injectors . As a technical platform for this method we developed a laser flow cell processing system . The PNB injection method and flow system were tested in heterogeneous cell suspensions of target and non-target cells for delivery of Dextran-FITC dye into squamous cell carcinoma HN31 cells and transfection of human T-cells with a green fluorescent protein-encoding plasmid . In both models the method demonstrated single cell type selectivity , high efficacy of delivery ( 96% both for HN31 cells T-cells ) , speed of delivery ( nanoseconds ) and viability of treated target cells ( 96% for HN31 cells and 75% for T-cells ) . The PNB injection method may therefore be beneficial for real time processing of human grafts without removal of physiologically important cells .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: RNA silencing suppressor Pns11 of rice gall dwarf virus induces virus-like symptoms in transgenic rice .
| | Author: Shen WJ Ruan XL Li XS Zhao Q Li HP | | Journal: Arch Virol Citation: V : 157 P : 1531-9 Year: 2012 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22592958 Accession (PMID): 22592958 | | Abstract: Transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa ) plants expressing the Pns11 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) displayed multiple abnormal phenotypes , some of which were highly reminiscent of the symptoms observed in RGDV-infected rice .
Further analysis indicated that the apparent alterations in plant growth and morphology were correlated with the expression levels of microRNA160 , microRNA162 , microRNA167 , microRNA168 , and the microRNA target OsARF8 .
Especially , the striking dwarfing phenotype depended on the high expression level of microRNA167 .
By analogy to other categories of plant viruses , the RNA silencing suppressors encoded by plant dsRNA viruses function as pathogenicity determinants .
These findings significantly deepen our current mechanistic understanding of the RNA silencing suppressor ( VSR ) encoded by a dsRNA virus and provide additional evidence that interference with microRNA expression is a VSR function utilized by a diverse range of viruses .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa ) plants expressing the Pns11 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) displayed multiple abnormal phenotypes , some of which were highly reminiscent of the symptoms observed in RGDV-infected rice . Further analysis indicated that the apparent alterations in plant growth and morphology were correlated with the expression levels of microRNA160 , microRNA162 , microRNA167 , microRNA168 , and the microRNA target OsARF8 . Especially , the striking dwarfing phenotype depended on the high expression level of microRNA167 . By analogy to other categories of plant viruses , the RNA silencing suppressors encoded by plant dsRNA viruses function as pathogenicity determinants . These findings significantly deepen our current mechanistic understanding of the RNA silencing suppressor ( VSR ) encoded by a dsRNA virus and provide additional evidence that interference with microRNA expression is a VSR function utilized by a diverse range of viruses .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Plasma angiopoietin-2 in clinical acute lung injury : prognostic and pathogenetic significance .
| | Author: Calfee CS Gallagher D Abbott J Thompson BT Matthay MA | | Journal: Crit Care Med Citation: V : 40 P : 1731-7 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22610178 Accession (PMID): 22610178 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : Angiopoietin-2 is a proinflammatory mediator of endothelial injury in animal models , and increased plasma angiopoietin-2 levels are associated with poor outcomes in patients with sepsis-associated acute lung injury .
Whether angiopoietin-2 levels are modified by treatment strategies in patients with acute lung injury is unknown .
OBJECTIVES : To determine whether plasma angiopoietin-2 levels are associated with clinical outcomes and affected by fluid management strategy in a broad cohort of patients with acute lung injury .
DESIGN , SETTING , AND PARTICIPANTS : Plasma levels of angiopoietin-2 and von Willebrand factor ( a traditional marker of endothelial injury ) were measured in 931 subjects with acute lung injury enrolled in a randomized trial of fluid liberal vs fluid conservative management .
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS : The presence of infection ( sepsis or pneumonia ) as the primary acute lung injury risk factor significantly modified the relationship between baseline angiopoietin-2 levels and mortality ( p = . 01 for interaction ) .
In noninfection-related acute lung injury , higher baseline angiopoietin-2 levels were strongly associated with increased mortality ( odds ratio , 2 . 43 per 1-log increase in angiopoietin-2 ; 95% confidence interval , 1 . 57-3 . 75 ; p < . 001 ) .
In infection-related acute lung injury , baseline angiopoietin-2 levels were similarly elevated in survivors and nonsurvivors ; however , patients whose plasma angiopoietin-2 levels increased from day 0 to day 3 had more than double the odds of death compared with patients whose angiopoietin-2 levels declined over the same period of time ( odds ratio , 2 . 29 ; 95% confidence interval , 1 . 54-3 . 43 ; p < . 001 ) .
Fluid-conservative therapy led to a 15% greater decline in angiopoietin-2 levels from day 0 to day 3 ( 95% confidence interval , 4 . 6-24 . 8% ; p = . 006 ) compared with fluid-liberal therapy in patients with infection-related acute lung injury .
In contrast , plasma levels of von Willebrand factor were significantly associated with mortality in both infection-related and noninfection-related acute lung injury and were not affected by fluid therapy .
CONCLUSIONS : Unlike von Willebrand factor , plasma angiopoietin-2 has differential prognostic value for mortality depending on the presence or absence of infection as an acute lung injury risk factor .
Fluid conservative therapy preferentially lowers plasma angiopoietin-2 levels over time and thus may be beneficial in part by decreasing endothelial inflammation .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: BACKGROUND : Angiopoietin-2 is a proinflammatory mediator of endothelial injury in animal models , and increased plasma angiopoietin-2 levels are associated with poor outcomes in patients with sepsis-associated acute lung injury . Whether angiopoietin-2 levels are modified by treatment strategies in patients with acute lung injury is unknown . OBJECTIVES : To determine whether plasma angiopoietin-2 levels are associated with clinical outcomes and affected by fluid management strategy in a broad cohort of patients with acute lung injury . DESIGN , SETTING , AND PARTICIPANTS : Plasma levels of angiopoietin-2 and von Willebrand factor ( a traditional marker of endothelial injury ) were measured in 931 subjects with acute lung injury enrolled in a randomized trial of fluid liberal vs fluid conservative management . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS : The presence of infection ( sepsis or pneumonia ) as the primary acute lung injury risk factor significantly modified the relationship between baseline angiopoietin-2 levels and mortality ( p = . 01 for interaction ) . In noninfection-related acute lung injury , higher baseline angiopoietin-2 levels were strongly associated with increased mortality ( odds ratio , 2 . 43 per 1-log increase in angiopoietin-2 ; 95% confidence interval , 1 . 57-3 . 75 ; p < . 001 ) . In infection-related acute lung injury , baseline angiopoietin-2 levels were similarly elevated in survivors and nonsurvivors ; however , patients whose plasma angiopoietin-2 levels increased from day 0 to day 3 had more than double the odds of death compared with patients whose angiopoietin-2 levels declined over the same period of time ( odds ratio , 2 . 29 ; 95% confidence interval , 1 . 54-3 . 43 ; p < . 001 ) . Fluid-conservative therapy led to a 15% greater decline in angiopoietin-2 levels from day 0 to day 3 ( 95% confidence interval , 4 . 6-24 . 8% ; p = . 006 ) compared with fluid-liberal therapy in patients with infection-related acute lung injury . In contrast , plasma levels of von Willebrand factor were significantly associated with mortality in both infection-related and noninfection-related acute lung injury and were not affected by fluid therapy .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: [ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , periorbital and subconjunctival swelling . ] | | Author: Rivinius R Futterer S Puderbach M Herth F Heussel CP | | Journal: Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed Citation: V : P : Year: 2012 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22777204 Accession (PMID): 22777204 | | Abstract: A 70-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) and dilative cardiomyopathy was referred due to acute dyspnea and chest pain .
After spontaneous pneumothorax was confirmed by chest radiography , a chest tube was inserted into the right side .
Persistent air bubbles escaping through the water seal of the drainage in synchrony with respiration indicated a bronchopleural fistula .
A physical examination revealed orbital and subconjunctival emphysemas .
Skull and chest computed tomography ( CT ) scans showed further massive cervical , thoracic and pulmonary subcutaneous emphysemas which are increased subcutaneous amounts of gas which can disperse along the fasciae .
Cardinal sign is the sensation of air under the skin known as subcutaneous crepitation ( similiar to touching rice crispies ) .
Conditions causing subcutaneous emphysemas are trauma , medical treatment and intracutaneous gas production by bacteria .
In this case , large amounts of air leaked out of the pleural space through the incision made for the chest tube into the subcutaneous it issue , mediastinum and retroperitoneum causing subcutaneous emphysemas .
From there , ascending air spread along the fascial planes of the mediastinum and cervical area through the inferior orbital fissure to the orbits and eyelids causing orbital and subconjunctival emphysemas .
On the basis of the progressive emphysemas and persistent pneumothorax , a second chest tube was inserted .
Subsequently , the signs and symptoms disappeared completely .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: A 70-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) and dilative cardiomyopathy was referred due to acute dyspnea and chest pain . After spontaneous pneumothorax was confirmed by chest radiography , a chest tube was inserted into the right side . Persistent air bubbles escaping through the water seal of the drainage in synchrony with respiration indicated a bronchopleural fistula . A physical examination revealed orbital and subconjunctival emphysemas . Skull and chest computed tomography ( CT ) scans showed further massive cervical , thoracic and pulmonary subcutaneous emphysemas which are increased subcutaneous amounts of gas which can disperse along the fasciae . Cardinal sign is the sensation of air under the skin known as subcutaneous crepitation ( similiar to touching rice crispies ) .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: Cardinal sign is the sensation of air under the skin known as subcutaneous crepitation ( similiar to touching rice crispies ) . Conditions causing subcutaneous emphysemas are trauma , medical treatment and intracutaneous gas production by bacteria . In this case , large amounts of air leaked out of the pleural space through the incision made for the chest tube into the subcutaneous it issue , mediastinum and retroperitoneum causing subcutaneous emphysemas . From there , ascending air spread along the fascial planes of the mediastinum and cervical area through the inferior orbital fissure to the orbits and eyelids causing orbital and subconjunctival emphysemas . On the basis of the progressive emphysemas and persistent pneumothorax , a second chest tube was inserted . Subsequently , the signs and symptoms disappeared completely .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Assembly of the viroplasm by viral nonstructural protein Pns10 is essential for persistent infection of Rice ragged stunt virus in its vector insect .
| | Author: Jia D Guo N Chen H Akita F Xie L Omura T Wei T | | Journal: J Gen Virol Citation: V : P : Year: 2012 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22837415 Accession (PMID): 22837415 | | Abstract: Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , an oryzavirus , is transmitted by brown planthopper in a persistent-propagative manner .
In this study , sequential infection of RRSV in the internal organs of its vector insect after ingestion of virus was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy .
RRSV first was detected in the epithelial cells of midgut , from where it proceeded to the visceral muscles surrounding midgut , then throughout the visceral muscles of midgut and hindgut , and finally in the salivary glands .
Viroplasms , the sites for viral replication and assembly of progeny virions , were formed in the midgut epithelium , visceral muscles and salivary glands of infected insects and contained the nonstructural protein Pns10 of RRSV , which appeared to be the major constituent of viroplasms .
Viroplasm-like structures formed in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns10 in a baculovirus system suggested that the viroplasms observed in RRSV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns10 .
RNA interference induced by ingestion of dsRNA from Pns10 gene of RRSV strongly inhibited such viroplasm formation , preventing efficient viral infection or spread in its vector insects .
All these results show that Pns10 of RRSV is essential for viroplasm formation and viral replication in the vector insect .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , an oryzavirus , is transmitted by brown planthopper in a persistent-propagative manner . In this study , sequential infection of RRSV in the internal organs of its vector insect after ingestion of virus was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy . RRSV first was detected in the epithelial cells of midgut , from where it proceeded to the visceral muscles surrounding midgut , then throughout the visceral muscles of midgut and hindgut , and finally in the salivary glands . Viroplasms , the sites for viral replication and assembly of progeny virions , were formed in the midgut epithelium , visceral muscles and salivary glands of infected insects and contained the nonstructural protein Pns10 of RRSV , which appeared to be the major constituent of viroplasms . Viroplasm-like structures formed in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns10 in a baculovirus system suggested that the viroplasms observed in RRSV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns10 . RNA interference induced by ingestion of dsRNA from Pns10 gene of RRSV strongly inhibited such viroplasm formation , preventing efficient viral infection or spread in its vector insects . All these results show that Pns10 of RRSV is essential for viroplasm formation and viral replication in the vector insect .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , an oryzavirus , is transmitted by brown planthopper in a persistent-propagative manner . In this study , sequential infection of RRSV in the internal organs of its vector insect after ingestion of virus was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy . RRSV first was detected in the epithelial cells of midgut , from where it proceeded to the visceral muscles surrounding midgut , then throughout the visceral muscles of midgut and hindgut , and finally in the salivary glands . Viroplasms , the sites for viral replication and assembly of progeny virions , were formed in the midgut epithelium , visceral muscles and salivary glands of infected insects and contained the nonstructural protein Pns10 of RRSV , which appeared to be the major constituent of viroplasms . Viroplasm-like structures formed in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns10 in a baculovirus system suggested that the viroplasms observed in RRSV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns10 . RNA interference induced by ingestion of dsRNA from Pns10 gene of RRSV strongly inhibited such viroplasm formation , preventing efficient viral infection or spread in its vector insects . All these results show that Pns10 of RRSV is essential for viroplasm formation and viral replication in the vector insect .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: In this study , sequential infection of RRSV in the internal organs of its vector insect after ingestion of virus was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy . RRSV first was detected in the epithelial cells of midgut , from where it proceeded to the visceral muscles surrounding midgut , then throughout the visceral muscles of midgut and hindgut , and finally in the salivary glands . Viroplasms , the sites for viral replication and assembly of progeny virions , were formed in the midgut epithelium , visceral muscles and salivary glands of infected insects and contained the nonstructural protein Pns10 of RRSV , which appeared to be the major constituent of viroplasms . Viroplasm-like structures formed in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns10 in a baculovirus system suggested that the viroplasms observed in RRSV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns10 . RNA interference induced by ingestion of dsRNA from Pns10 gene of RRSV strongly inhibited such viroplasm formation , preventing efficient viral infection or spread in its vector insects . All these results show that Pns10 of RRSV is essential for viroplasm formation and viral replication in the vector insect .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: RRSV first was detected in the epithelial cells of midgut , from where it proceeded to the visceral muscles surrounding midgut , then throughout the visceral muscles of midgut and hindgut , and finally in the salivary glands . Viroplasms , the sites for viral replication and assembly of progeny virions , were formed in the midgut epithelium , visceral muscles and salivary glands of infected insects and contained the nonstructural protein Pns10 of RRSV , which appeared to be the major constituent of viroplasms . Viroplasm-like structures formed in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns10 in a baculovirus system suggested that the viroplasms observed in RRSV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns10 . RNA interference induced by ingestion of dsRNA from Pns10 gene of RRSV strongly inhibited such viroplasm formation , preventing efficient viral infection or spread in its vector insects . All these results show that Pns10 of RRSV is essential for viroplasm formation and viral replication in the vector insect .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Strongly Correlated Materials .
| | Author: Morosan E Natelson D Nevidomskyy AH Si Q | | Journal: Adv Mater Citation: V : P : Year: 2012 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub22893361 Accession (PMID): 22893361 | | Abstract: Strongly correlated materials are profoundly affected by the repulsive electron-electron interaction .
This stands in contrast to many commonly used materials such as silicon and aluminum , whose properties are comparatively unaffected by the Coulomb repulsion .
Correlated materials often have remarkable properties and transitions between distinct , competing phases with dramatically different electronic and magnetic orders .
These rich phenomena are fascinating from the basic science perspective and offer possibilities for technological applications .
This article looks at these materials through the lens of research performed at Rice University .
Topics examined include : Quantum phase transitions and quantum criticality in "heavy fermion" materials and the iron pnictide high temperature superconductors ; computational ab initio methods to examine strongly correlated materials and their interface with analytical theory techniques ; layered dichalcogenides as example correlated materials with rich phases ( charge density waves , superconductivity , hard ferromagnetism ) that may be tuned by composition , pressure , and magnetic field ; and nanostructure methods applied to the correlated oxides VO ( 2 ) and Fe ( 3 ) O ( 4 ) , where metal-insulator transitions can be manipulated by doping at the nanoscale or driving the system out of equilibrium .
We conclude with a discussion of the exciting prospects for this class of materials .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: This stands in contrast to many commonly used materials such as silicon and aluminum , whose properties are comparatively unaffected by the Coulomb repulsion . Correlated materials often have remarkable properties and transitions between distinct , competing phases with dramatically different electronic and magnetic orders . These rich phenomena are fascinating from the basic science perspective and offer possibilities for technological applications . This article looks at these materials through the lens of research performed at Rice University . Topics examined include : Quantum phase transitions and quantum criticality in "heavy fermion" materials and the iron pnictide high temperature superconductors ; computational ab initio methods to examine strongly correlated materials and their interface with analytical theory techniques ; layered dichalcogenides as example correlated materials with rich phases ( charge density waves , superconductivity , hard ferromagnetism ) that may be tuned by composition , pressure , and magnetic field ; and nanostructure methods applied to the correlated oxides VO ( 2 ) and Fe ( 3 ) O ( 4 ) , where metal-insulator transitions can be manipulated by doping at the nanoscale or driving the system out of equilibrium . We conclude with a discussion of the exciting prospects for this class of materials .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Melioidosis : a major cause of community-acquired septicemia in northeastern Thailand .
| | Author: Chaowagul W White NJ Dance DA Wattanagoon Y Naigowit P Davis TM Looareesuwan S Pitakwatchara N | | Journal: J Infect . Dis . Citation: V : 159 ( 5 ) P : 890-9 Year: 1989 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub2708842 Accession (PMID): 2708842 | | Abstract: In a prospective study of all patients with Pseudomonas pseudomallei infections admitted to a large provincial hospital in northeastern Thailand , 63 cases of septicemic melioidosis and 206 patients with other community-acquired septicemias were documented during a 1-y period .
Apart from P pseudomallei , the spectrum of bacteria isolated from blood cultures and the overall mortality ( 32% ) were similar to those previously reported elsewhere .
Death from septicemia was associated with failure to develop a leukocytosis or pyrexia over 38 degrees C , azotemia , hypoglycemia , and jaundice .
Septicemic melioidosis presented mainly in the rainy season , occurred predominantly in rice farmers or their families , and was significantly associated with preexisting diabetes mellitus or renal failure ( P = . 03 ) .
Blood-borne pneumonia and visceral abscesses were common and the mortality was high ( 68% ; P less than . 001 ) .
The response to appropriate treatment was slow ( median fever clearance time 5 . 5 d ) and the median duration of hospital stay was 4 w .
Septicemic melioidosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in northeast Thailand .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: In a prospective study of all patients with Pseudomonas pseudomallei infections admitted to a large provincial hospital in northeastern Thailand , 63 cases of septicemic melioidosis and 206 patients with other community-acquired septicemias were documented during a 1-y period . Apart from P pseudomallei , the spectrum of bacteria isolated from blood cultures and the overall mortality ( 32% ) were similar to those previously reported elsewhere . Death from septicemia was associated with failure to develop a leukocytosis or pyrexia over 38 degrees C , azotemia , hypoglycemia , and jaundice . Septicemic melioidosis presented mainly in the rainy season , occurred predominantly in rice farmers or their families , and was significantly associated with preexisting diabetes mellitus or renal failure ( P = . 03 ) . Blood-borne pneumonia and visceral abscesses were common and the mortality was high ( 68% ; P less than . 001 ) . The response to appropriate treatment was slow ( median fever clearance time 5 . 5 d ) and the median duration of hospital stay was 4 w . Septicemic melioidosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in northeast Thailand .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Temperature sensitivity of a nifA-like gene in Enterobacter cloacae .
| | Author: Zhu JB Li ZG Wang LW Shen SS Shen SC .
| | Journal: J Bacteriol .
Citation: V : 166 ( 1 ) P : 357-9 Year: 1986 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub3007439 Accession (PMID): 3007439 | | Abstract: Nitrogen fixation ( nif ) genes of Enterobacter cloacae , a rhizosphere diazotroph of rice plants , were identified by using cloned Klebsiella pneumoniae nif gene fragments as probes for molecular hybridization .
The product of a nifA-like gene of E cloacae appeared less temperature sensitive than the K pneumoniae nifA gene product .
This result correlates with the fact that E cloacae can fix nitrogen at 39 degrees C , while K pneumoniae can not .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nitrogen fixation ( nif ) genes of Enterobacter cloacae , a rhizosphere diazotroph of rice plants , were identified by using cloned Klebsiella pneumoniae nif gene fragments as probes for molecular hybridization . The product of a nifA-like gene of E cloacae appeared less temperature sensitive than the K pneumoniae nifA gene product . This result correlates with the fact that E cloacae can fix nitrogen at 39 degrees C , while K pneumoniae can not .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nitrogen fixation ( nif ) genes of Enterobacter cloacae , a rhizosphere diazotroph of rice plants , were identified by using cloned Klebsiella pneumoniae nif gene fragments as probes for molecular hybridization . The product of a nifA-like gene of E cloacae appeared less temperature sensitive than the K pneumoniae nifA gene product . This result correlates with the fact that E cloacae can fix nitrogen at 39 degrees C , while K pneumoniae can not .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nitrogen fixation ( nif ) genes of Enterobacter cloacae , a rhizosphere diazotroph of rice plants , were identified by using cloned Klebsiella pneumoniae nif gene fragments as probes for molecular hybridization . The product of a nifA-like gene of E cloacae appeared less temperature sensitive than the K pneumoniae nifA gene product . This result correlates with the fact that E cloacae can fix nitrogen at 39 degrees C , while K pneumoniae can not .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: [ Talcosis-asbestosis : an unusual risk in a food industry ] | | Author: Tomasini M Forni A Rivolta G Mantegazza D Chiappino G | | Journal: Citation: V : 10 ( 3 ) P : 111-3 Year: 1988 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub3154750 Accession (PMID): 3154750 | | Abstract: In a 37 years-old female worker , who had undergone surgical excision of a segment of the right lower lobe for a chronic aspecific pleuropneumonitis , the histological examination of the excised lung it issue showed asbestos alveolitis with diffuse interstitial fibrosis , and multiple granulomata containing talc particles .
An investigation at the work site showed that the worker had been engaged for 22 years in dusting salami with a mixture of rice flour and talc contaminated with chrysotile asbestos .
Thirteen work-mates engaged in the same job were studied .
In two of them , with chest X-rays negative for pneumoconiosis , a functional ventilatory impairment , restrictive in type , associated with a reduced pulmonary diffusion of gases , was demonstrated .
In these two cases , bronchoalveolar lavage showed signs of severe exposure to asbestos ( which at TEM evaluation resulted to be amphibolic ) talc and other fibres , with presence of iron-laden macrophages , indicators of haemorrhagic alveolitis .
Moreover , in one of them , a severe macrophagic-lymphocytic alveolitis , with inverted T helper/T suppressor ratio , was presented , possible expression of a hypersensitivity pulmonary reaction .
Taking into consideration the length and modality of work , with exposure to talc powder contaminated with asbestos , for the three cases the diagnosis of "pre-radiologic talcosis-asbestosis" was made .
Since the occupational risk was not known in this industry , no ambient and personal preventive and protective measures had been taken ; anyway , such type of work has now been stopped .
The exposed workers shall be kept under control in the future for surveillance directed towards early diagnosis of possible further asbestos effects .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: In a 37 years-old female worker , who had undergone surgical excision of a segment of the right lower lobe for a chronic aspecific pleuropneumonitis , the histological examination of the excised lung it issue showed asbestos alveolitis with diffuse interstitial fibrosis , and multiple granulomata containing talc particles . An investigation at the work site showed that the worker had been engaged for 22 years in dusting salami with a mixture of rice flour and talc contaminated with chrysotile asbestos . Thirteen work-mates engaged in the same job were studied . In two of them , with chest X-rays negative for pneumoconiosis , a functional ventilatory impairment , restrictive in type , associated with a reduced pulmonary diffusion of gases , was demonstrated . In these two cases , bronchoalveolar lavage showed signs of severe exposure to asbestos ( which at TEM evaluation resulted to be amphibolic ) talc and other fibres , with presence of iron-laden macrophages , indicators of haemorrhagic alveolitis . Moreover , in one of them , a severe macrophagic-lymphocytic alveolitis , with inverted T helper/T suppressor ratio , was presented , possible expression of a hypersensitivity pulmonary reaction . Taking into consideration the length and modality of work , with exposure to talc powder contaminated with asbestos , for the three cases the diagnosis of "pre-radiologic talcosis-asbestosis" was made . Since the occupational risk was not known in this industry , no ambient and personal preventive and protective measures had been taken ; anyway , such type of work has now been stopped .
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Score: 6.00 |
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| Title: Effect of fiber and phytate source and of calcium and phosphorus level on phytate hydrolysis in the chick .
| | Author: Ballam GC Nelson TS Kirby LK .
| | Journal: Poult . Sci . Citation: V : 63 ( 2 ) P : 333-8 Year: 1984 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub6324157 Accession (PMID): 6324157 | | Abstract: Broiler chicks were fed a corn-soybean meal diet or a corn-soybean meal diet containing either 15% rice bran , 15% wheat bran , 15% alfalfa meal , 10% cellulose , or 10% cottonseed hulls .
All diets contained 3190 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy , 22 . 8% protein , and either 1 . 0% calcium and . 5% nonphytate phosphorus ( Pnp ) or . 85% calcium and . 42% Pnp .
The diets were fed for 3 weeks at which time a digestion trial was conducted to determine the amount of phytate hydrolyzed .
Chicks consuming diets containing the lower levels of calcium and Pnp hydrolyzed more phytate than those fed the higher levels of calcium and Pnp except when the diet contained rice bran .
Less phytate was hydrolyzed in the rice bran diet at the lower calcium and Pnp levels .
Phytate hydrolysis was not affected by wheat bran but was reduced by cottonseed hulls .
At the lower levels of calcium and Pnp , alfalfa meal and cellulose significantly increased phytate hydrolysis by chicks .
The hydrolysis of phytate was influenced more by calcium and by source than by fiber or by level of phytate fed . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 2.00 ]: Broiler chicks were fed a corn-soybean meal diet or a corn-soybean meal diet containing either 15% rice bran , 15% wheat bran , 15% alfalfa meal , 10% cellulose , or 10% cottonseed hulls . All diets contained 3190 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy , 22 . 8% protein , and either 1 . 0% calcium and . 5% nonphytate phosphorus ( Pnp ) or . 85% calcium and . 42% Pnp . The diets were fed for 3 weeks at which time a digestion trial was conducted to determine the amount of phytate hydrolyzed . Chicks consuming diets containing the lower levels of calcium and Pnp hydrolyzed more phytate than those fed the higher levels of calcium and Pnp except when the diet contained rice bran . Less phytate was hydrolyzed in the rice bran diet at the lower calcium and Pnp levels . Phytate hydrolysis was not affected by wheat bran but was reduced by cottonseed hulls .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 2.00 ]: Broiler chicks were fed a corn-soybean meal diet or a corn-soybean meal diet containing either 15% rice bran , 15% wheat bran , 15% alfalfa meal , 10% cellulose , or 10% cottonseed hulls . All diets contained 3190 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy , 22 . 8% protein , and either 1 . 0% calcium and . 5% nonphytate phosphorus ( Pnp ) or . 85% calcium and . 42% Pnp . The diets were fed for 3 weeks at which time a digestion trial was conducted to determine the amount of phytate hydrolyzed . Chicks consuming diets containing the lower levels of calcium and Pnp hydrolyzed more phytate than those fed the higher levels of calcium and Pnp except when the diet contained rice bran . Less phytate was hydrolyzed in the rice bran diet at the lower calcium and Pnp levels . Phytate hydrolysis was not affected by wheat bran but was reduced by cottonseed hulls . At the lower levels of calcium and Pnp , alfalfa meal and cellulose significantly increased phytate hydrolysis by chicks . The hydrolysis of phytate was influenced more by calcium and by source than by fiber or by level of phytate fed .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: Broiler chicks were fed a corn-soybean meal diet or a corn-soybean meal diet containing either 15% rice bran , 15% wheat bran , 15% alfalfa meal , 10% cellulose , or 10% cottonseed hulls . All diets contained 3190 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy , 22 . 8% protein , and either 1 . 0% calcium and . 5% nonphytate phosphorus ( Pnp ) or . 85% calcium and . 42% Pnp . The diets were fed for 3 weeks at which time a digestion trial was conducted to determine the amount of phytate hydrolyzed . Chicks consuming diets containing the lower levels of calcium and Pnp hydrolyzed more phytate than those fed the higher levels of calcium and Pnp except when the diet contained rice bran . Less phytate was hydrolyzed in the rice bran diet at the lower calcium and Pnp levels . Phytate hydrolysis was not affected by wheat bran but was reduced by cottonseed hulls . At the lower levels of calcium and Pnp , alfalfa meal and cellulose significantly increased phytate hydrolysis by chicks . The hydrolysis of phytate was influenced more by calcium and by source than by fiber or by level of phytate fed .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The diets were fed for 3 weeks at which time a digestion trial was conducted to determine the amount of phytate hydrolyzed . Chicks consuming diets containing the lower levels of calcium and Pnp hydrolyzed more phytate than those fed the higher levels of calcium and Pnp except when the diet contained rice bran . Less phytate was hydrolyzed in the rice bran diet at the lower calcium and Pnp levels . Phytate hydrolysis was not affected by wheat bran but was reduced by cottonseed hulls . At the lower levels of calcium and Pnp , alfalfa meal and cellulose significantly increased phytate hydrolysis by chicks . The hydrolysis of phytate was influenced more by calcium and by source than by fiber or by level of phytate fed .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Is schizophrenia rare if grain is rare?
| | Author: Dohan FC Harper EH Clark MH Rodrigue RB Zigas V | | Journal: Biol .
Psychiatry Citation: V : 19 ( 3 ) P : 385-99 Year: 1984 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub6609726 Accession (PMID): 6609726 | | Abstract: If , as hypothesized , neuroactive peptides from grain glutens are the major agents evoking schizophrenia in those with the genotype ( s ) , it should be rare if grain is rare .
To test this , we analyzed the results of our clinical examinations ( eg , kuru ) and observations of anthropologists on peoples consuming little or no grain .
Only two overtly insane chronic schizophrenics were found among over 65 , 000 examined or closely observed adults in remote regions of Papua New Guinea ( PNG , 1950-1967 ) and Malaita , Solomon Islands ( 1980-1981 ) , and on Yap , Micronesia ( 1947-1948 ) .
In preneuroleptic Europe over 130 would have been expected .
When these peoples became partially westernized and consumed wheat , barley beer , and rice , the prevalence reached European levels .
Our findings agree with previous epidemiologic and experimental results indicating that grain glutens are harmful to schizophrenics .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: If , as hypothesized , neuroactive peptides from grain glutens are the major agents evoking schizophrenia in those with the genotype ( s ) , it should be rare if grain is rare . To test this , we analyzed the results of our clinical examinations ( eg , kuru ) and observations of anthropologists on peoples consuming little or no grain . Only two overtly insane chronic schizophrenics were found among over 65 , 000 examined or closely observed adults in remote regions of Papua New Guinea ( PNG , 1950-1967 ) and Malaita , Solomon Islands ( 1980-1981 ) , and on Yap , Micronesia ( 1947-1948 ) . In preneuroleptic Europe over 130 would have been expected . When these peoples became partially westernized and consumed wheat , barley beer , and rice , the prevalence reached European levels . Our findings agree with previous epidemiologic and experimental results indicating that grain glutens are harmful to schizophrenics .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Marchiafava-Bignami disease , striatal degeneration , and other neurological complications of chronic alcoholism in a Japanese .
| | Author: Sato Y Tabira T Tateishi J | | Journal: Acta Neuropathol .
Citation: V : 53 ( 1 ) P : 15-20 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub7211193 Accession (PMID): 7211193 | | Abstract: A Japanese man with a variety of neurological complications , had drunk Japanese rice wine ( sake ) daily for about 25 years .
There was a progressive development of parkinsonism , cerebellar ataxia , and mental deterioration by the time he was 32 .
He died of pneumonia at age 50 and the autopsy revealed Marchiafava-Bignami disease ( MBD ) , striatal degeneration , pseudolaminar sclerosis of Morel , atrophy of the corpus mamillare and pons , cortical cerebellar atrophy , pseudopellagra , and polyneuropathy .
This is the first case of MBD in a Japanese related to the ingestion of Japanese "sake" , and it is also a rare case in that almost all of the neurological complications seen with chronic alcoholism were apparent .
Striatal degeneration seems to be a rare complication of chronic alcoholism .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: A Japanese man with a variety of neurological complications , had drunk Japanese rice wine ( sake ) daily for about 25 years . There was a progressive development of parkinsonism , cerebellar ataxia , and mental deterioration by the time he was 32 . He died of pneumonia at age 50 and the autopsy revealed Marchiafava-Bignami disease ( MBD ) , striatal degeneration , pseudolaminar sclerosis of Morel , atrophy of the corpus mamillare and pons , cortical cerebellar atrophy , pseudopellagra , and polyneuropathy . This is the first case of MBD in a Japanese related to the ingestion of Japanese "sake" , and it is also a rare case in that almost all of the neurological complications seen with chronic alcoholism were apparent . Striatal degeneration seems to be a rare complication of chronic alcoholism .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Effect of long term feeding of rice bran oil upon lipids and lipoproteins in rats .
| | Author: Purushothama S Raina PL Hariharan K | | Journal: Mol . Cell . Biochem . Citation: V : 146 ( 1 ) P : 63-9 Year: 1995 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub7651379 Accession (PMID): 7651379 | | Abstract: The effects of feeding two levels of rice bran oil ( RBO ) on the growth , lipid parameters , and fatty acid composition of the plasma and liver of rats ( Wistar strain ) were compared with those produced on animals which had been fed the same levels of peanut oil ( PNO ) .
The control animals were fed synthetic diets containing 5 and 20% peanut oil ( PNO ) and the experimental groups were fed similar diets , containing the same level of rice bran oil ( RBO ) .
There was no significant difference with respect to the organ weights between the control and the experimental groups .
In general , groups fed 20% oil gained more weight than groups fed 5% oil .
The animals which received rice bran oil in their diet had , in general , comparatively lower levels of cholesterol , triglycerides and phospholipids .
On the other hand , animals receiving 20% rice bran oil in their diet , showed an increase of 20% in high density lipoproteins ( HDL-C ) , within 18 weeks ( p < 0 . 05 ) , when compared to the animals fed with peanut oil .
Similarly , low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( VLDL-C ) were lower in RBO-fed groups , than in the PNO-fed groups .
There was , however , no significant differences in the cholesterol/phospholipid ( C/P ) ratio of the two groups .
Analysis of plasma and of liver fatty acids indicated , in a general way , the type of fat consumed .
There were no significant difference in the P/S ratio , nor any in the oleic/linoleic , oleic/stearic , palmitoleic/palmitic , oleic/palmitic , and oleic/palmitoleic ratios . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The effects of feeding two levels of rice bran oil ( RBO ) on the growth , lipid parameters , and fatty acid composition of the plasma and liver of rats ( Wistar strain ) were compared with those produced on animals which had been fed the same levels of peanut oil ( PNO ) . The control animals were fed synthetic diets containing 5 and 20% peanut oil ( PNO ) and the experimental groups were fed similar diets , containing the same level of rice bran oil ( RBO ) . There was no significant difference with respect to the organ weights between the control and the experimental groups . In general , groups fed 20% oil gained more weight than groups fed 5% oil . The animals which received rice bran oil in their diet had , in general , comparatively lower levels of cholesterol , triglycerides and phospholipids .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The effects of feeding two levels of rice bran oil ( RBO ) on the growth , lipid parameters , and fatty acid composition of the plasma and liver of rats ( Wistar strain ) were compared with those produced on animals which had been fed the same levels of peanut oil ( PNO ) . The control animals were fed synthetic diets containing 5 and 20% peanut oil ( PNO ) and the experimental groups were fed similar diets , containing the same level of rice bran oil ( RBO ) . There was no significant difference with respect to the organ weights between the control and the experimental groups . In general , groups fed 20% oil gained more weight than groups fed 5% oil . The animals which received rice bran oil in their diet had , in general , comparatively lower levels of cholesterol , triglycerides and phospholipids . On the other hand , animals receiving 20% rice bran oil in their diet , showed an increase of 20% in high density lipoproteins ( HDL-C ) , within 18 weeks ( p < 0 . 05 ) , when compared to the animals fed with peanut oil .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: There was no significant difference with respect to the organ weights between the control and the experimental groups . In general , groups fed 20% oil gained more weight than groups fed 5% oil . The animals which received rice bran oil in their diet had , in general , comparatively lower levels of cholesterol , triglycerides and phospholipids . On the other hand , animals receiving 20% rice bran oil in their diet , showed an increase of 20% in high density lipoproteins ( HDL-C ) , within 18 weeks ( p < 0 . 05 ) , when compared to the animals fed with peanut oil . Similarly , low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( VLDL-C ) were lower in RBO-fed groups , than in the PNO-fed groups . There was , however , no significant differences in the cholesterol/phospholipid ( C/P ) ratio of the two groups . Analysis of plasma and of liver fatty acids indicated , in a general way , the type of fat consumed . There were no significant difference in the P/S ratio , nor any in the oleic/linoleic , oleic/stearic , palmitoleic/palmitic , oleic/palmitic , and oleic/palmitoleic ratios . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )
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Score: 4.00 |
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| Title: Characterization of a DNA sequence that detects repetitive DNA elements in the Asian rice gall midge ( Orseolia oryzae ) genome : potential use in DNA fingerprinting of biotypes .
| | Author: Ehtesham NZ Bentur JS Bennett J | | Journal: Gene Citation: V : 153 ( 2 ) P : 179-83 Year: 1995 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub7875586 Accession (PMID): 7875586 | | Abstract: We have isolated based on reverse genome hybridization , and sequenced a DNA clone , pNZE25 , from a partial genomic library of the Asian rice gall midge Orseolia oryzae ( Wood-Mason ) ( Oo . ) .
Clone pNZE25 is highly A+T rich ( 67% ) , lacks any open reading frame and does not display homology to sequences in GenBank .
Clone pNZE25 detects a 120-bp repeat in the Oo . genome , as seen from the generation of a 120-bp ladder after Southern analysis of HinfI-digested genomic DNA .
When used to probe Oo . genomic DNA digested with DraI , HaeIII or AluI , pNZE25 generates individual specific DNA fingerprints on target DNA isolated from gall midge biotypes collected from different parts of India . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have isolated based on reverse genome hybridization , and sequenced a DNA clone , pNZE25 , from a partial genomic library of the Asian rice gall midge Orseolia oryzae ( Wood-Mason ) ( Oo . ) . Clone pNZE25 is highly A+T rich ( 67% ) , lacks any open reading frame and does not display homology to sequences in GenBank . Clone pNZE25 detects a 120-bp repeat in the Oo . genome , as seen from the generation of a 120-bp ladder after Southern analysis of HinfI-digested genomic DNA . When used to probe Oo . genomic DNA digested with DraI , HaeIII or AluI , pNZE25 generates individual specific DNA fingerprints on target DNA isolated from gall midge biotypes collected from different parts of India .
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have isolated based on reverse genome hybridization , and sequenced a DNA clone , pNZE25 , from a partial genomic library of the Asian rice gall midge Orseolia oryzae ( Wood-Mason ) ( Oo . ) . Clone pNZE25 is highly A+T rich ( 67% ) , lacks any open reading frame and does not display homology to sequences in GenBank . Clone pNZE25 detects a 120-bp repeat in the Oo . genome , as seen from the generation of a 120-bp ladder after Southern analysis of HinfI-digested genomic DNA . When used to probe Oo . genomic DNA digested with DraI , HaeIII or AluI , pNZE25 generates individual specific DNA fingerprints on target DNA isolated from gall midge biotypes collected from different parts of India .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have isolated based on reverse genome hybridization , and sequenced a DNA clone , pNZE25 , from a partial genomic library of the Asian rice gall midge Orseolia oryzae ( Wood-Mason ) ( Oo . ) . Clone pNZE25 is highly A+T rich ( 67% ) , lacks any open reading frame and does not display homology to sequences in GenBank . Clone pNZE25 detects a 120-bp repeat in the Oo . genome , as seen from the generation of a 120-bp ladder after Southern analysis of HinfI-digested genomic DNA . When used to probe Oo . genomic DNA digested with DraI , HaeIII or AluI , pNZE25 generates individual specific DNA fingerprints on target DNA isolated from gall midge biotypes collected from different parts of India .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: We have isolated based on reverse genome hybridization , and sequenced a DNA clone , pNZE25 , from a partial genomic library of the Asian rice gall midge Orseolia oryzae ( Wood-Mason ) ( Oo . ) . Clone pNZE25 is highly A+T rich ( 67% ) , lacks any open reading frame and does not display homology to sequences in GenBank . Clone pNZE25 detects a 120-bp repeat in the Oo . genome , as seen from the generation of a 120-bp ladder after Southern analysis of HinfI-digested genomic DNA . When used to probe Oo . genomic DNA digested with DraI , HaeIII or AluI , pNZE25 generates individual specific DNA fingerprints on target DNA isolated from gall midge biotypes collected from different parts of India .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Suppurative corneal ulceration in Bangladesh .
A study of 142 cases examining the microbiological diagnosis , clinical and epidemiological features of bacterial and fungal keratitis .
| | Author: Dunlop AA Wright ED Howlader SA Nazrul I Husain R McClellan K Billson FA .
| | Journal: Citation: V : 22 ( 2 ) P : 105-10 Year: 1994 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub7917262 Accession (PMID): 7917262 | | Abstract: Suppurative keratitis is an important preventable cause of blindness , particularly in the developing world .
This study analyses 142 cases of suppurative keratitis referred to Chittagong Eye Infirmary Bangladesh .
Some 53 . 5% of cases were bacterial and 35 . 9% were fungal The five most common pathogens were : Pseudomonas sp .
24% , Streptococcus pneumoniae 17% , Aspergillus sp .
13% , Fusarium sp .
7% and Curvularia sp .
6% .
Gram stain and culture results were consistent in 62 . 6% of cases .
Previous antibiotic treatment was a significant factor for failure of culture isolation and less so for Gram stain failure .
On Gram stain , 55 . 9% of pseudomonal cases were missed , but only 2% of fungal cases were missed .
Over all , Gram stain had a sensitivity of 62% and positive predictive value of 84% for bacterial cases , and 98% and 94% for fungal cases , respectively .
Fungal ulcers were typically filamentous , but an antecedent history of trauma was not common .
The most frequent injury was due to rice grains , but the inoculum appeared to be introduced during eye washing with contaminated water .
Pseudomonal ulcers occurred most frequently in the monsoon season , and Fusarium cases were seen only in the hot , dry season .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: Suppurative keratitis is an important preventable cause of blindness , particularly in the developing world . This study analyses 142 cases of suppurative keratitis referred to Chittagong Eye Infirmary Bangladesh . Some 53 . 5% of cases were bacterial and 35 . 9% were fungal The five most common pathogens were : Pseudomonas sp . 24% , Streptococcus pneumoniae 17% , Aspergillus sp . 13% , Fusarium sp . 7% and Curvularia sp . 6% . Gram stain and culture results were consistent in 62 . 6% of cases .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Immunodetection of rice dwarf phytoreoviral proteins in both insect and plant hosts .
| | Author: Suzuki N Sugawara M Kusano T Mori H Matsuura Y | | Journal: Virology Citation: V : 202 ( 1 ) P : 41-8 Year: 1994 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8009852 Accession (PMID): 8009852 | | Abstract: Peptides encoded by truncated ( S1 and S2 ) or full-length ( S3 to S11 ) cDNAs of 11 of the 12 rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) genome segments were expressed in a baculovirus vector system .
Antibodies raised against each of the expressed peptides were used as probes to detect the authentic proteins encoded by the RDV open reading frame .
Polypeptides identified as gene products of S1 to S11 in both RDV-infected rice leaf and leafhopper ( Nephotettix cincticeps ) homogenates were the P1 minor core ( 170 kDa ) , P2 ( 130 kDa ) , P3 major core ( 110 kDa ) , Pns9 nonstructural ( 83 kDa ) , P5 ( 89 kDa ) , Pns6 nonstructural ( 56 kDa ) , P7 minor core ( 58 kDa ) , P8 outercapsid ( 43 kDA ) , Pns9 nonstructural ( 49 kDa ) , Pns10 nonstructural ( 35 kDa ) , and Pns11a nonstructural ( 23 kDa ) proteins .
These molecular masses were in accord with those obtained from previous in vitro translation analysis .
The locations of P2 and P5 remain to be determined although both of these are assumed to be outer layer proteins .
Quantitative detection showed that accumulation ( per gram of total proteins ) of the virus-coded proteins in rice leaves is much greater ( more than 15 times ) than that in leafhoppers and that the content of the individual proteins varies within a sample from rice or leafhopper and also varies among different samples . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 5.00 ]: Peptides encoded by truncated ( S1 and S2 ) or full-length ( S3 to S11 ) cDNAs of 11 of the 12 rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) genome segments were expressed in a baculovirus vector system . Antibodies raised against each of the expressed peptides were used as probes to detect the authentic proteins encoded by the RDV open reading frame . Polypeptides identified as gene products of S1 to S11 in both RDV-infected rice leaf and leafhopper ( Nephotettix cincticeps ) homogenates were the P1 minor core ( 170 kDa ) , P2 ( 130 kDa ) , P3 major core ( 110 kDa ) , Pns9 nonstructural ( 83 kDa ) , P5 ( 89 kDa ) , Pns6 nonstructural ( 56 kDa ) , P7 minor core ( 58 kDa ) , P8 outercapsid ( 43 kDA ) , Pns9 nonstructural ( 49 kDa ) , Pns10 nonstructural ( 35 kDa ) , and Pns11a nonstructural ( 23 kDa ) proteins . These molecular masses were in accord with those obtained from previous in vitro translation analysis . The locations of P2 and P5 remain to be determined although both of these are assumed to be outer layer proteins . Quantitative detection showed that accumulation ( per gram of total proteins ) of the virus-coded proteins in rice leaves is much greater ( more than 15 times ) than that in leafhoppers and that the content of the individual proteins varies within a sample from rice or leafhopper and also varies among different samples .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Occurrence of nivalenol , deoxynivalenol , and zearalenone in imported cereals in Papua , New Guinea .
| | Author: Yuwai KE Rao KS Singh K Tanaka T Ueno Y | | Journal: Nat .
Toxins Citation: V : 2 ( 1 ) P : 19-21 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8032690 Accession (PMID): 8032690 | | Abstract: A preliminary survey for the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins--nivalenol ( NIV ) , deoxynivalenol ( DON ) and zearalenone ( ZEN ) --in cereals imported mostly from Australia to Papua , New Guinea ( PNG ) in 1991 was carried out by TLC , GLC , and HPLC analysis .
The data have revealed various kinds of cereals and cereal flours , such as wholemeal flour , millet meal , corn flour , brown trukai rice , and others , were significantly contaminated with these mycotoxins in various concentrations .
Among these Fusarium mycotoxins , the level of ZEN was surprisingly high .
This is the first report on the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in PNG cereals .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: A preliminary survey for the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins--nivalenol ( NIV ) , deoxynivalenol ( DON ) and zearalenone ( ZEN ) --in cereals imported mostly from Australia to Papua , New Guinea ( PNG ) in 1991 was carried out by TLC , GLC , and HPLC analysis . The data have revealed various kinds of cereals and cereal flours , such as wholemeal flour , millet meal , corn flour , brown trukai rice , and others , were significantly contaminated with these mycotoxins in various concentrations . Among these Fusarium mycotoxins , the level of ZEN was surprisingly high . This is the first report on the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in PNG cereals .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: A preliminary survey for the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins--nivalenol ( NIV ) , deoxynivalenol ( DON ) and zearalenone ( ZEN ) --in cereals imported mostly from Australia to Papua , New Guinea ( PNG ) in 1991 was carried out by TLC , GLC , and HPLC analysis . The data have revealed various kinds of cereals and cereal flours , such as wholemeal flour , millet meal , corn flour , brown trukai rice , and others , were significantly contaminated with these mycotoxins in various concentrations . Among these Fusarium mycotoxins , the level of ZEN was surprisingly high . This is the first report on the natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in PNG cereals .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: [ A case of acute interstitial pneumonia caused by blasticidin S ] | | Author: Toyoshima M Sato A Taniguchi M Imokawa S Nakazawa K Hayakawa H Chida K | | Journal: Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi Citation: V : 32 ( 4 ) P : 344-7 Year: 1994 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8041044 Accession (PMID): 8041044 | | Abstract: A 41-year-old male developed acute interstitial pneumonia after inhalation of Blasticidin S , an antibiotic effective against rice blast disease .
He presented with diarrhea , followed by dry cough , dyspnea and fever .
A chest roentgenogram showed bilateral diffuse ground glass appearance , superimposed by patchy shadows .
Arterial blood gas analysis revealed severe hypoxemia .
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimen showed moderate increase in total cell count , lymphocytes , neutrophils and eosinophils with marked elevation of CD4/8 ratio .
Antibiotic therapy with minocycline failed to improve his condition , and methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by methylprednisolone ( 48 mg ) resulted in clinical remission with resolution of the chest roentgenogram findings .
Blasticidin S should be kept in mind as a causative agent of acute interstitial pneumonia .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: A 41-year-old male developed acute interstitial pneumonia after inhalation of Blasticidin S , an antibiotic effective against rice blast disease . He presented with diarrhea , followed by dry cough , dyspnea and fever . A chest roentgenogram showed bilateral diffuse ground glass appearance , superimposed by patchy shadows . Arterial blood gas analysis revealed severe hypoxemia . Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimen showed moderate increase in total cell count , lymphocytes , neutrophils and eosinophils with marked elevation of CD4/8 ratio .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: A chest roentgenogram showed bilateral diffuse ground glass appearance , superimposed by patchy shadows . Arterial blood gas analysis revealed severe hypoxemia . Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimen showed moderate increase in total cell count , lymphocytes , neutrophils and eosinophils with marked elevation of CD4/8 ratio . Antibiotic therapy with minocycline failed to improve his condition , and methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by methylprednisolone ( 48 mg ) resulted in clinical remission with resolution of the chest roentgenogram findings . Blasticidin S should be kept in mind as a causative agent of acute interstitial pneumonia .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Phylogeny of mycoplasmalike organisms ( phytoplasmas ) : a basis for their classification .
| | Author: Gundersen DE Lee IM Rehner SA Davis RE Kingsbury DT .
| | Journal: J Bacteriol .
Citation: V : 176 ( 17 ) P : 5244-54 Year: 1994 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8071198 Accession (PMID): 8071198 | | Abstract: A global phylogenetic analysis using parsimony of 16S rRNA gene sequences from 46 mollicutes , 19 mycoplasmalike organisms ( MLOs ) ( new trivial name , phytoplasmas ) , and several related bacteria placed the MLOs definitively among the members of the class Mollicutes and revealed that MLOs form a large discrete monophyletic clade , paraphyletic to the Acholeplasma species , within the Anaeroplasma clade .
Within the MLO clade resolved in the global mollicutes phylogeny and a comprehensive MLO phylogeny derived by parsimony analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences from 30 diverse MLOs representative of nearly all known distinct MLO groups , five major phylogenetic groups with a total of 11 distinct subclades ( monophyletic groups or taxa ) could be recognized .
These MLO subclades ( roman numerals ) and designated type strains were as follows : i , Maryland aster yellows AY1 ; ii , apple proliferation AP-A ; iii , peanut witches-broom PnWB ; iv , Canada peach X CX ; v , rice yellow dwarf RYD ; vi , pigeon pea witches-broom PPWB ; vii , palm lethal yellowing LY ; viii , ash yellows AshY ; ix , clover proliferation CP ; x , elm yellows EY ; and xi , loofah witches-broom LfWB .
The designations of subclades and their phylogenetic positions within the MLO clade were supported by a congruent phylogeny derived by parsimony analyses of ribosomal protein L22 gene sequences from most representative MLOs .
On the basis of the phylogenies inferred in the present study , we propose that MLOs should be represented taxonomically at the minimal level of genus and that each phylogenetically distinct MLO subclade identified should represent at least a distinct species under this new genus .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: A global phylogenetic analysis using parsimony of 16S rRNA gene sequences from 46 mollicutes , 19 mycoplasmalike organisms ( MLOs ) ( new trivial name , phytoplasmas ) , and several related bacteria placed the MLOs definitively among the members of the class Mollicutes and revealed that MLOs form a large discrete monophyletic clade , paraphyletic to the Acholeplasma species , within the Anaeroplasma clade . Within the MLO clade resolved in the global mollicutes phylogeny and a comprehensive MLO phylogeny derived by parsimony analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences from 30 diverse MLOs representative of nearly all known distinct MLO groups , five major phylogenetic groups with a total of 11 distinct subclades ( monophyletic groups or taxa ) could be recognized . These MLO subclades ( roman numerals ) and designated type strains were as follows : i , Maryland aster yellows AY1 ; ii , apple proliferation AP-A ; iii , peanut witches-broom PnWB ; iv , Canada peach X CX ; v , rice yellow dwarf RYD ; vi , pigeon pea witches-broom PPWB ; vii , palm lethal yellowing LY ; viii , ash yellows AshY ; ix , clover proliferation CP ; x , elm yellows EY ; and xi , loofah witches-broom LfWB . The designations of subclades and their phylogenetic positions within the MLO clade were supported by a congruent phylogeny derived by parsimony analyses of ribosomal protein L22 gene sequences from most representative MLOs . On the basis of the phylogenies inferred in the present study , we propose that MLOs should be represented taxonomically at the minimal level of genus and that each phylogenetically distinct MLO subclade identified should represent at least a distinct species under this new genus .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: [ Blood pressure in a Xavante tribe .
Comparison after 15 years ] | | Author: Carneiro O Jardim PC .
| | Journal: Arq . Bras . Cardiol . Citation: V : 61 ( 5 ) P : 279-82 Year: 1993 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8147724 Accession (PMID): 8147724 | | Abstract: PURPOSE--To evaluate arterial blood pressure ( BP ) , variations that occur with age , influence of new habits , in indians of a Xavante tribe , located in the state of Mato Grosso , Brazil .
METHODS--The evaluation procedures took place in 9/75 and 10/90 .
Fifty Xavante were examined in 1975 .
Thirty-five of them were men and 15 women .
The mean age of the men was 45 and of the women , 31 .
In 1990 , only 46 of those indians were re-examined ( two were not located and two had already died of cancer and pneumonia ) , and evaluated with regard to arterial BP , food ingestion , physical activities , obesity , tobacco , alcoholic beverage consumption and social organization .
RESULTS--In both occasions we did not find individuals with hypertension .
The highest BP observed was of 140 x 90 in a 70-year-old indian .
His result is consistent with what had been noted in 1975 .
Among the women , the highest level was of 130 x 60 in a 55-year-old female indian .
The women maintained a lower level of BP as compared to the men of any age group .
The average blood pressure showed a discrete increase going from 79 . 2 to 83 . 8 mmHg in the men and from 75 . 7 to 77 . 0 mmHg in the women .
In this tribe we observed the habit of smoking in 30% of the individuals .
Alcoholic beverage consumption is rare , physical activities remained constant and obesity is absent .
As for the eating habits , with the decrease of hunting grounds , the indians acquired a more rural behavior with regular use of rice and beans .
Salt is practically not added to the food .
Competitiveness is not an acquired trait to that culture .
CONCLUSION--In "isolated" populations that maintain their cultural traits and basic life styles , the occurrence of arterial hypertension is very rare and the increase in BP with age is modest and significant only for systolic .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: METHODS--The evaluation procedures took place in 9/75 and 10/90 . Fifty Xavante were examined in 1975 . Thirty-five of them were men and 15 women . The mean age of the men was 45 and of the women , 31 . In 1990 , only 46 of those indians were re-examined ( two were not located and two had already died of cancer and pneumonia ) , and evaluated with regard to arterial BP , food ingestion , physical activities , obesity , tobacco , alcoholic beverage consumption and social organization . RESULTS--In both occasions we did not find individuals with hypertension . The highest BP observed was of 140 x 90 in a 70-year-old indian . His result is consistent with what had been noted in 1975 . Among the women , the highest level was of 130 x 60 in a 55-year-old female indian .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: [ Therapeutic trials for promotion of faecal excretion of PCDFs by the administration of rice bran fiber and cholestyramine in Yusho patients ] | | Author: Iida T Hirakawa H Matsueda T Nakagawa R Morita K Tokiwa H Tsuji H Nakayama J Hori Y | | Journal: Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi Citation: V : 84 ( 5 ) P : 257-62 Year: 1993 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8392483 Accession (PMID): 8392483 | | Abstract: It is well-known that Yusho disease was caused by polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) , and that 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-Hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) still retain in the patient bodies .
As patients usually suffer from various chronic syndrome , an effective treatment is extremely needed .
In order to assess the rice bran fiber ( RBF ) and cholestyramine on stimulating faecal excretion of PCDFs , two clinical trials were carried out in 1990 and 1991 .
In the first trial in 1990 , 10 g of RBF ( dietary fiber content was 50% ) and 4 g of cholestyramine were administered to four Yusho patients three times a day for a week .
The stool from patients were collected a week before and during the administration .
These were pooled respectively , and then two samples for measurement .
In the second trial in 1991 , 10 g of dietary fiber rich RBF ( refined-RBF , dietary fiber content was 85% ) and 4 g of cholestyramine were administered to four Yusho patients three times a day for two weeks .
In this trial , three stool samples were obtained from each patient , ie . , a week before administration , and first and second week during administration .
Level of PCDFs was determined by high resorption GC/MS and the following results were obtained .
1 ) In the first trial ( 1990 ) the faecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs increased at the rates of 42-88% and 7-47% , respectively , in three out of four patients . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS ) | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: It is well-known that Yusho disease was caused by polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) , and that 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 and 1 , 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8-Hexachlorodibenzofurans ( HxCDFs ) still retain in the patient bodies . As patients usually suffer from various chronic syndrome , an effective treatment is extremely needed . In order to assess the rice bran fiber ( RBF ) and cholestyramine on stimulating faecal excretion of PCDFs , two clinical trials were carried out in 1990 and 1991 . In the first trial in 1990 , 10 g of RBF ( dietary fiber content was 50% ) and 4 g of cholestyramine were administered to four Yusho patients three times a day for a week . The stool from patients were collected a week before and during the administration .
[ Sen. 10, subscore: 1.00 ]: These were pooled respectively , and then two samples for measurement . In the second trial in 1991 , 10 g of dietary fiber rich RBF ( refined-RBF , dietary fiber content was 85% ) and 4 g of cholestyramine were administered to four Yusho patients three times a day for two weeks . In this trial , three stool samples were obtained from each patient , ie . , a week before administration , and first and second week during administration . Level of PCDFs was determined by high resorption GC/MS and the following results were obtained . 1 ) In the first trial ( 1990 ) the faecal excretion of PnCDF and HxCDFs increased at the rates of 42-88% and 7-47% , respectively , in three out of four patients . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of unripe papaya .
| | Author: Osato JA Santiago LA Remo GM Cuadra MS Mori A | | Journal: Life Sci .
Citation: V : 53 ( 17 ) P : 1383-9 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8412504 Accession (PMID): 8412504 | | Abstract: The meat , seed and pulp of Carica papaya Linn . , a popular traditional medicinal herb grown in the tropics , was shown by the agar-cup method to be bacteriostatic against several enteropathogens such as Bacillus subtilis , Enterobacter cloacae , Escherichia coli , Salmonella typhi , Staphylococcus aureus , Proteus vulgaris , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Klebsiella pneumoniae .
The same parts of papaya were unequivocably demonstrated by electron spin resonance spectrometry to scavenge 1 , 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ( 5 . 8 x 10 ( 14 ) spins/ml ) , hydroxyl ( 5 . 1 x 10 ( 14 ) spins/ml ) and superoxide ( 1 . 2 x 10 ( 14 ) spins/ml ) radicals with the seed giving the highest activity at concentrations ( IC50 ) of 2 . 1 , 10 . 0 and 8 . 7 mg/ml , respectively .
The superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) -like activity in the meat , seed and pulp amounts to about 32 , 98 and 33 units/ml ; comparable to those of soybean paste miso , rice bran and bakers yeast Vitamin C , malic acid , citric acid and glucose are some of the possible antioxidative components in papaya .
Our study correlates the bacteriostatic activity of papaya with its scavenging action on superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which could be part of the cellular metabolism of such enteropathogens .
This is indicative of the pathophysiological role of these reactive oxygen species in gastrointestinal diseases and papayas ability to counteract the oxidative stress .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The meat , seed and pulp of Carica papaya Linn . , a popular traditional medicinal herb grown in the tropics , was shown by the agar-cup method to be bacteriostatic against several enteropathogens such as Bacillus subtilis , Enterobacter cloacae , Escherichia coli , Salmonella typhi , Staphylococcus aureus , Proteus vulgaris , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Klebsiella pneumoniae . The same parts of papaya were unequivocably demonstrated by electron spin resonance spectrometry to scavenge 1 , 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ( 5 . 8 x 10 ( 14 ) spins/ml ) , hydroxyl ( 5 . 1 x 10 ( 14 ) spins/ml ) and superoxide ( 1 . 2 x 10 ( 14 ) spins/ml ) radicals with the seed giving the highest activity at concentrations ( IC50 ) of 2 . 1 , 10 . 0 and 8 . 7 mg/ml , respectively . The superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) -like activity in the meat , seed and pulp amounts to about 32 , 98 and 33 units/ml ; comparable to those of soybean paste miso , rice bran and bakers yeast Vitamin C , malic acid , citric acid and glucose are some of the possible antioxidative components in papaya . Our study correlates the bacteriostatic activity of papaya with its scavenging action on superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which could be part of the cellular metabolism of such enteropathogens . This is indicative of the pathophysiological role of these reactive oxygen species in gastrointestinal diseases and papayas ability to counteract the oxidative stress .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Elimination of polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) from human blood in the Yusho and Yu-Cheng rice oil poisonings .
| | Author: Ryan JJ Levesque D Panopio LG Sun WF Masuda Y Kuroki H | | Journal: Arch . Environ . Contam . Toxicol . Citation: V : 24 ( 4 ) P : 504-12 Year: 1993 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8507107 Accession (PMID): 8507107 | | Abstract: The pharmacokinetics of polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) in humans was studied by monitoring the blood concentrations of individuals who ingested a contaminated rice oil in Japan ( yusho ) in 1968 and in Taiwan ( yu-cheng ) in 1979 .
Sixteen yusho patients were followed from 1982 to 1990 and three yu-cheng individuals from 1980 to 1989 .
From the three yu-cheng patients , blood lipid values for the two persistent toxic congeners , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) and 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofuran ( HxCDF ) , varied from 50 micrograms/kg at first sampling to about 1 micrograms/kg at last sampling corresponding to half-lives for elimination ( t1/2 ) of 2-21/2 years .
The blood lipid values for the same PCDF congeners in yusho patients varied from 5 micrograms/kg down to 0 . 1 micrograms/kg .
The calculated t1/2 were more variable with median values closer to 10 years .
Planar PCBs 126 and 169 were present at lower concentrations than the PCDFs .
For seven of the other PCB congeners , half-lives for elimination in the yu-cheng individuals varied from 1 . 2 up to 4 . 6 yr depending on the degree of chlorination .
For the yusho patients , the elimination for the PCBs was longer .
These results show that clearance of the toxic PCDFs and PCBs in humans is non-linear with faster elimination at higher exposure followed by slower decreases as background levels are approached .
Such a clearance pattern can best be explained by a two compartment liver and fat pharmacokinetic model . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The pharmacokinetics of polychlorinated dibenzofurans ( PCDFs ) and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) in humans was studied by monitoring the blood concentrations of individuals who ingested a contaminated rice oil in Japan ( yusho ) in 1968 and in Taiwan ( yu-cheng ) in 1979 . Sixteen yusho patients were followed from 1982 to 1990 and three yu-cheng individuals from 1980 to 1989 . From the three yu-cheng patients , blood lipid values for the two persistent toxic congeners , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachlorodibenzofuran ( PnCDF ) and 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-hexachlorodibenzofuran ( HxCDF ) , varied from 50 micrograms/kg at first sampling to about 1 micrograms/kg at last sampling corresponding to half-lives for elimination ( t1/2 ) of 2-21/2 years . The blood lipid values for the same PCDF congeners in yusho patients varied from 5 micrograms/kg down to 0 . 1 micrograms/kg . The calculated t1/2 were more variable with median values closer to 10 years . Planar PCBs 126 and 169 were present at lower concentrations than the PCDFs . For seven of the other PCB congeners , half-lives for elimination in the yu-cheng individuals varied from 1 . 2 up to 4 . 6 yr depending on the degree of chlorination .
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Score: 5.00 |
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| Title: Genomic rearrangement in genome segment 12 of rice dwarf phytoreovirus .
| | Author: Murao K Uyeda I Ando Y Kimura I Cabauatan PQ Koganezawa H | | Journal: Virology Citation: V : 216 ( 1 ) P : 238-40 Year: 1996 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8614995 Accession (PMID): 8614995 | | Abstract: The genome segment 12 ( S12 ) of rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) isolated from the Philippines ( RDV-P ) and of a variant ( RDV-S-6 ) of RDV severe strain ( RDV-S ) migrated abnormally slower during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis than that of the isolate maintained at Hokkaido University ( RDV-H ) .
Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that rearrangement had occurred in these segments , affecting the open reading frame .
A polypeptide encoded by S12 ( Pns12 ) of RDV-P had a duplication of 28 amino acids while 1/3 of the carboxyl terminus of Pns12 was deleted in RDV-S-6 by premature termination due to a frameshift .
RDV-S is always present in plants infected with the RDV-S-6 variant , suggesting that Pns12 of RDV-S-6 is defective .
On the other hand , Pns12 of RDV-P was expressed and appeared to be functional in infected cells in spite of the duplication , as demonstrated by immunoblot analyses using antibody raised against Pns12 expressed in Escherichia coli . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 2.00 ]: The genome segment 12 ( S12 ) of rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) isolated from the Philippines ( RDV-P ) and of a variant ( RDV-S-6 ) of RDV severe strain ( RDV-S ) migrated abnormally slower during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis than that of the isolate maintained at Hokkaido University ( RDV-H ) . Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that rearrangement had occurred in these segments , affecting the open reading frame . A polypeptide encoded by S12 ( Pns12 ) of RDV-P had a duplication of 28 amino acids while 1/3 of the carboxyl terminus of Pns12 was deleted in RDV-S-6 by premature termination due to a frameshift . RDV-S is always present in plants infected with the RDV-S-6 variant , suggesting that Pns12 of RDV-S-6 is defective . On the other hand , Pns12 of RDV-P was expressed and appeared to be functional in infected cells in spite of the duplication , as demonstrated by immunoblot analyses using antibody raised against Pns12 expressed in Escherichia coli .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 2.00 ]: The genome segment 12 ( S12 ) of rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) isolated from the Philippines ( RDV-P ) and of a variant ( RDV-S-6 ) of RDV severe strain ( RDV-S ) migrated abnormally slower during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis than that of the isolate maintained at Hokkaido University ( RDV-H ) . Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that rearrangement had occurred in these segments , affecting the open reading frame . A polypeptide encoded by S12 ( Pns12 ) of RDV-P had a duplication of 28 amino acids while 1/3 of the carboxyl terminus of Pns12 was deleted in RDV-S-6 by premature termination due to a frameshift . RDV-S is always present in plants infected with the RDV-S-6 variant , suggesting that Pns12 of RDV-S-6 is defective . On the other hand , Pns12 of RDV-P was expressed and appeared to be functional in infected cells in spite of the duplication , as demonstrated by immunoblot analyses using antibody raised against Pns12 expressed in Escherichia coli .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The genome segment 12 ( S12 ) of rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) isolated from the Philippines ( RDV-P ) and of a variant ( RDV-S-6 ) of RDV severe strain ( RDV-S ) migrated abnormally slower during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis than that of the isolate maintained at Hokkaido University ( RDV-H ) . Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that rearrangement had occurred in these segments , affecting the open reading frame . A polypeptide encoded by S12 ( Pns12 ) of RDV-P had a duplication of 28 amino acids while 1/3 of the carboxyl terminus of Pns12 was deleted in RDV-S-6 by premature termination due to a frameshift . RDV-S is always present in plants infected with the RDV-S-6 variant , suggesting that Pns12 of RDV-S-6 is defective . On the other hand , Pns12 of RDV-P was expressed and appeared to be functional in infected cells in spite of the duplication , as demonstrated by immunoblot analyses using antibody raised against Pns12 expressed in Escherichia coli .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Protease inhibitor studies and cloning of a serine carboxypeptidase cDNA from germinating seeds of pea ( Pisum sativum L ) .
| | Author: Jones CG Lycett GW Tucker GA .
| | Journal: Eur .
J Biochem .
Citation: V : 235 ( 3 ) P : 574-8 Year: 1996 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8654403 Accession (PMID): 8654403 | | Abstract: The nature of the proteolytic activity found within the germinating pea ( Pisum sativum ) seed , 4 days from the initiation of imbibition , was determined by the use of specific protease inhibitors .
These studies have shown most of the activity to belong to metallo or metal-activated and serine proteases .
In order to investigate further the serine protease activity , a pea cotyledon germination cDNA library was , therefore , screened with a wheat cDNA ( 2437 ) [ Baulcombe , DC , Barker , RF & Jarvis , MG ( 1987 ) J Biol . Chem . 262 , 13726-13735 ] which had extensive similarity to the yeast serine carboxypeptidase Y gene .
A positive cDNA clone ( pNY551 ) was obtained which had extensive similarity to the four carboxypeptidases , Arabidopsis thaliana carboxypeptidase Y-like protein , rice serine carboxypeptidase III , barley serine carboxypeptidase III and wheat serine carboxypeptidase III precursor .
Northern-blot analysis showed mRNA homologous to pNY551 to be expressed in late developmental pea seed and again during germination .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The nature of the proteolytic activity found within the germinating pea ( Pisum sativum ) seed , 4 days from the initiation of imbibition , was determined by the use of specific protease inhibitors . These studies have shown most of the activity to belong to metallo or metal-activated and serine proteases . In order to investigate further the serine protease activity , a pea cotyledon germination cDNA library was , therefore , screened with a wheat cDNA ( 2437 ) [ Baulcombe , DC , Barker , RF & Jarvis , MG ( 1987 ) J Biol . Chem . 262 , 13726-13735 ] which had extensive similarity to the yeast serine carboxypeptidase Y gene . A positive cDNA clone ( pNY551 ) was obtained which had extensive similarity to the four carboxypeptidases , Arabidopsis thaliana carboxypeptidase Y-like protein , rice serine carboxypeptidase III , barley serine carboxypeptidase III and wheat serine carboxypeptidase III precursor . Northern-blot analysis showed mRNA homologous to pNY551 to be expressed in late developmental pea seed and again during germination .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The nature of the proteolytic activity found within the germinating pea ( Pisum sativum ) seed , 4 days from the initiation of imbibition , was determined by the use of specific protease inhibitors . These studies have shown most of the activity to belong to metallo or metal-activated and serine proteases . In order to investigate further the serine protease activity , a pea cotyledon germination cDNA library was , therefore , screened with a wheat cDNA ( 2437 ) [ Baulcombe , DC , Barker , RF & Jarvis , MG ( 1987 ) J Biol . Chem . 262 , 13726-13735 ] which had extensive similarity to the yeast serine carboxypeptidase Y gene . A positive cDNA clone ( pNY551 ) was obtained which had extensive similarity to the four carboxypeptidases , Arabidopsis thaliana carboxypeptidase Y-like protein , rice serine carboxypeptidase III , barley serine carboxypeptidase III and wheat serine carboxypeptidase III precursor . Northern-blot analysis showed mRNA homologous to pNY551 to be expressed in late developmental pea seed and again during germination .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Clinical experience in poisonings following exposure to blasticidin S , a curiously strong fungicide .
| | Author: Yang CC Deng JF .
| | Journal: Citation: V : 38 ( 2 ) P : 107-12 Year: 1996 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8693684 Accession (PMID): 8693684 | | Abstract: The fungicide blasticidin S has been used against a rice blast disease .
Reports on its human toxicity are extremely limited , and irritation to GI tract , eye and skin are the presenting symptoms in most afflicted cases .
Fatalities resulting from profuse intestinal fluid loss with subsequent hypotension have also been recorded .
In an attempt to delineate the clinical pictures of blasticidin S poisoning , a retrospective study covering an 8 . 5-y period was then conducted .
A total of 28 blasticidin S poisoning exposures , including 24 suicidal ingestions , were recorded .
The ingested amounts in most cases were rather large , while 2 cases were found with estimated dosages up to 10 g .
The presented symptoms in most cases were immediate vomiting , abdominal pain , diarrhea and sore throat which were resolved after conservative treatment .
Nevertheless , hypotension , arrhythmia , acrocyanosis , aspiration , and even coma occurred in severe cases .
Fatalities were noted in 5 patients , in whom profound hypotension and severe aspiration pneumonitis were the main features .
Poisoning following blasticidin S ingestion remains a challenge to acute health care physicians .
Adequate administration of i . v . fluid and careful monitoring of electrolytes have been considered as the mainstay in the treatment of blasticidin S poisoning .
Prevention of aspiration and ventilatory support are also crucial for life-saving since poisoning cases might succumb after massive aspiration .
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[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: A total of 28 blasticidin S poisoning exposures , including 24 suicidal ingestions , were recorded . The ingested amounts in most cases were rather large , while 2 cases were found with estimated dosages up to 10 g . The presented symptoms in most cases were immediate vomiting , abdominal pain , diarrhea and sore throat which were resolved after conservative treatment . Nevertheless , hypotension , arrhythmia , acrocyanosis , aspiration , and even coma occurred in severe cases . Fatalities were noted in 5 patients , in whom profound hypotension and severe aspiration pneumonitis were the main features . Poisoning following blasticidin S ingestion remains a challenge to acute health care physicians . Adequate administration of i . v . fluid and careful monitoring of electrolytes have been considered as the mainstay in the treatment of blasticidin S poisoning . Prevention of aspiration and ventilatory support are also crucial for life-saving since poisoning cases might succumb after massive aspiration .
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Score: 3.00 |
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| Title: Subclinical beriberi polyneuropathy in the low income group : an investigation with special tools on possible patients with suspected complaints .
| | Author: Djoenaidi W Notermans SL Verbeek AL .
| | Journal: Citation: V : 50 ( 8 ) P : 549-55 Year: 1996 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub8863016 Accession (PMID): 8863016 | | Abstract: OBJECTIVE : To determine the prevalence rate of subclinical beriberi polyneuropathy ( PNP ) in the low income group and to present new methods for early detection .
DESIGN : We conducted a prospective , randomized observational study on all patients from family members of non-PNP patients presenting to the outpatient neurologic clinic of the Dr Soetomo Hospital in 1989 in Surabaya , Indonesia .
MATERIAL AND METHODS : The 53 group I patients belonged to the low income series , whereas the 56 group II patients were from the mid and high-income groups .
We analyzed their diets and determined their blood thiamine levels .
Neurologic , internal , psychiatric as well as neurophysiologic examinations were performed on all patients .
RESULTS : The prevalence rate of subclinical beriberi PNP of the apparently healthy subjects of the low income group was 66% compared with 12 . 5% among the mid and high income groups .
The exposure odds ratio was 13 . 6 ( 95% Cl , 2 . 78 to 8 . 04 ) indicating that the low income group ran a greater risk of developing beriberi PNP than the mid and high income groups .
CONCLUSION : Most of our low income group patients had an inadequate diet , especially concerning deficient thiamine intake .
Analysis of the diets revealed , that they were usually rich in carbohydrate especially steamed milled rice , whereas intake of fat and thiamine was low , protein was just sufficient .
The calorie intake was marginal Carbohydrate rich and non fat calories in the diet with low thiamine intake may provoke beriberi .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: OBJECTIVE : To determine the prevalence rate of subclinical beriberi polyneuropathy ( PNP ) in the low income group and to present new methods for early detection . DESIGN : We conducted a prospective , randomized observational study on all patients from family members of non-PNP patients presenting to the outpatient neurologic clinic of the Dr Soetomo Hospital in 1989 in Surabaya , Indonesia . MATERIAL AND METHODS : The 53 group I patients belonged to the low income series , whereas the 56 group II patients were from the mid and high-income groups . We analyzed their diets and determined their blood thiamine levels . Neurologic , internal , psychiatric as well as neurophysiologic examinations were performed on all patients .
[ Sen. 6, subscore: 1.00 ]: DESIGN : We conducted a prospective , randomized observational study on all patients from family members of non-PNP patients presenting to the outpatient neurologic clinic of the Dr Soetomo Hospital in 1989 in Surabaya , Indonesia . MATERIAL AND METHODS : The 53 group I patients belonged to the low income series , whereas the 56 group II patients were from the mid and high-income groups . We analyzed their diets and determined their blood thiamine levels . Neurologic , internal , psychiatric as well as neurophysiologic examinations were performed on all patients . RESULTS : The prevalence rate of subclinical beriberi PNP of the apparently healthy subjects of the low income group was 66% compared with 12 . 5% among the mid and high income groups . The exposure odds ratio was 13 . 6 ( 95% Cl , 2 . 78 to 8 . 04 ) indicating that the low income group ran a greater risk of developing beriberi PNP than the mid and high income groups . CONCLUSION : Most of our low income group patients had an inadequate diet , especially concerning deficient thiamine intake . Analysis of the diets revealed , that they were usually rich in carbohydrate especially steamed milled rice , whereas intake of fat and thiamine was low , protein was just sufficient . The calorie intake was marginal Carbohydrate rich and non fat calories in the diet with low thiamine intake may provoke beriberi .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: MATERIAL AND METHODS : The 53 group I patients belonged to the low income series , whereas the 56 group II patients were from the mid and high-income groups . We analyzed their diets and determined their blood thiamine levels . Neurologic , internal , psychiatric as well as neurophysiologic examinations were performed on all patients . RESULTS : The prevalence rate of subclinical beriberi PNP of the apparently healthy subjects of the low income group was 66% compared with 12 . 5% among the mid and high income groups . The exposure odds ratio was 13 . 6 ( 95% Cl , 2 . 78 to 8 . 04 ) indicating that the low income group ran a greater risk of developing beriberi PNP than the mid and high income groups . CONCLUSION : Most of our low income group patients had an inadequate diet , especially concerning deficient thiamine intake . Analysis of the diets revealed , that they were usually rich in carbohydrate especially steamed milled rice , whereas intake of fat and thiamine was low , protein was just sufficient . The calorie intake was marginal Carbohydrate rich and non fat calories in the diet with low thiamine intake may provoke beriberi .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Efficacies of piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime in rats with experimental intra-abdominal abscesses due to an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae .
| | Author: Thauvin-Eliopoulos C Tripodi MF Moellering RC Eliopoulos GM .
| | Journal: Antimicrob .
Agents Chemother .
Citation: V : 41 ( 5 ) P : 1053-7 Year: 1997 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9145868 Accession (PMID): 9145868 | | Abstract: The in vivo activities of piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime were compared with those of ticarcillin-clavulanate , ceftazidime , cefotaxime , and imipenem in a rat model of intra-abdominal abscess with a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae elaborating an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase ( TEM-26 ) .
With the exception of ceftazidime , all of the antimicrobial agents significantly reduced bacterial counts within abscesses at the end of therapy compared with those in untreated controls .
Residual viable cell counts ( mean +/- standard deviation in log10 CFU/gram ) were as follows : control , 8 . 76 +/- 0 . 97 ; ceftazidime , 8 . 00 +/- 0 . 76 ; piperacillin-tazobactam , 3 . 87 +/- 1 . 72 ; ticarcillin-clavulanate , 3 . 74 +/- 1 . 34 ; cefepime , 3 . 15 +/- 1 . 19 ; cefotaxime , 2 . 61 +/- 0 . 77 ; imipenem , 2 . 41 +/- 0 . 93 .
Imipenem was more effective than either of the inhibitor combinations ( P < 0 . 05 ) .
Cefotaxime was unexpectedly effective given its poor in vivo activity against this organism in our earlier studies , which used a different dose and total duration of therapy ( L B Rice , J D C Yao , K Klimm , G M Eliopoulos , and R C Moellering , Jr . , Antimicrob .
Agents Chemother .
35 : 1243-1244 , 1991 ) .
These observations suggest that the effectiveness of cephalosporins in the treatment of experimental infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing K pneumoniae may be highly dependent on dosing regimens , even for a specific organism and site of infection .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The in vivo activities of piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime were compared with those of ticarcillin-clavulanate , ceftazidime , cefotaxime , and imipenem in a rat model of intra-abdominal abscess with a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae elaborating an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase ( TEM-26 ) . With the exception of ceftazidime , all of the antimicrobial agents significantly reduced bacterial counts within abscesses at the end of therapy compared with those in untreated controls . Residual viable cell counts ( mean +/- standard deviation in log10 CFU/gram ) were as follows : control , 8 . 76 +/- 0 . 97 ; ceftazidime , 8 . 00 +/- 0 . 76 ; piperacillin-tazobactam , 3 . 87 +/- 1 . 72 ; ticarcillin-clavulanate , 3 . 74 +/- 1 . 34 ; cefepime , 3 . 15 +/- 1 . 19 ; cefotaxime , 2 . 61 +/- 0 . 77 ; imipenem , 2 . 41 +/- 0 . 93 . Imipenem was more effective than either of the inhibitor combinations ( P < 0 . 05 ) . Cefotaxime was unexpectedly effective given its poor in vivo activity against this organism in our earlier studies , which used a different dose and total duration of therapy ( L B Rice , J D C Yao , K Klimm , G M Eliopoulos , and R C Moellering , Jr . , Antimicrob .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Imipenem was more effective than either of the inhibitor combinations ( P < 0 . 05 ) . Cefotaxime was unexpectedly effective given its poor in vivo activity against this organism in our earlier studies , which used a different dose and total duration of therapy ( L B Rice , J D C Yao , K Klimm , G M Eliopoulos , and R C Moellering , Jr . , Antimicrob . Agents Chemother . 35 : 1243-1244 , 1991 ) . These observations suggest that the effectiveness of cephalosporins in the treatment of experimental infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing K pneumoniae may be highly dependent on dosing regimens , even for a specific organism and site of infection .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Middle-ear disease in children exposed prenatally to polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans .
| | Author: Chao WY Hsu CC Guo YL .
| | Journal: Arch . Environ . Health Citation: V : 52 ( 4 ) P : 257-62 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9210724 Accession (PMID): 9210724 | | Abstract: During 1978 and 1979 , an episode of poisoning from ingestion of rice oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans occurred in central Taiwan .
We followed-up children who had been born between June 1978 and March 1985 , as well as matched unexposed children .
The mothers of exposed children had consumed contaminated oils before the children were born .
In 1993 , otolaryngologists examined the middle ear of each child with a pneumatic otoscope , and they measured the middle-ear pressure by tympanometry with a Rion RS20 impedance audiometer .
The exposed children had a significantly higher prevalence of middle-ear diseases than their matched controls .
The exposed children who had ear diseases had higher serum levels of 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachloro and 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-hexachloro-dibenzofurans than the children who did not have similar diseases .
Therefore , in this study , children exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans had a higher incidence of middle-ear diseases than their controls . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: During 1978 and 1979 , an episode of poisoning from ingestion of rice oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans occurred in central Taiwan . We followed-up children who had been born between June 1978 and March 1985 , as well as matched unexposed children . The mothers of exposed children had consumed contaminated oils before the children were born . In 1993 , otolaryngologists examined the middle ear of each child with a pneumatic otoscope , and they measured the middle-ear pressure by tympanometry with a Rion RS20 impedance audiometer . The exposed children had a significantly higher prevalence of middle-ear diseases than their matched controls . The exposed children who had ear diseases had higher serum levels of 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-pentachloro and 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8-hexachloro-dibenzofurans than the children who did not have similar diseases . Therefore , in this study , children exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans had a higher incidence of middle-ear diseases than their controls .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: Evaluation of serological tests for the detection of pseudorabies gE antibodies during early infection .
| | Author: Kinker DR Swenson SL Wu LL Zimmerman JJ .
| | Journal: Vet . Microbiol . Citation: V : 55 ( 1-4 ) P : 99-106 Year: 1997 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9220601 Accession (PMID): 9220601 | | Abstract: Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays ( ELISAs ) and a particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay ( PCFIA ) were compared for their ability to detect antibodies against pseudorabies virus ( Aujeszkys disease virus ) glycoprotein E ( gE ) in the early stages of infection in pigs previously vaccinated with gE-deleted pseudorabies vaccines .
Seventy pigs were included in the study .
Five groups of 6 pigs each were vaccinated with one of 5 different pseudorabies virus ( PRV ) gE-deleted vaccines , and subsequently infected intranasally with 10 ( 5 . 6 ) TCID50 of the Iowa 4892 pneumotropic strain of PRV .
This entire procedure was repeated using 10 ( 4 . 6 ) TCID50 of the Rice strain of PRV .
Five unvaccinated control pigs were also challenged with each virus strain .
Three control pigs died before seroconverting , leaving 67 pigs for comparison .
Blood samples were drawn from experimentally inoculated pigs on the day of vaccination , the day of challenge , and on 4-10 , 14 , and 21 days postchallenge ( DPC ) .
Serology test sensitivity estimates and comparisons among tests were made for each sampling day .
Results of this study demonstrated differences among the tests in the time from inoculation to initial antibody detection , and the time to detect 50% and 75% of the infected pigs .
The average time until first detection of pigs as seropositive for gE antibodies by PCFIA was 7 . 5 DPC .
The blocking ELISA detected pigs as seropositive an average of 8 . 8 DPC , and the indirect ELISA first detected gE antibodies by 9 . 3 DPC .
Fifty percent of the pigs were detected as seropositive by days 7 , 8 , and 9 for the PCFIA , blocking ELISA , and indirect ELISA , respectively .
Similarly , 75% of the pigs were detected as seropositive by days 8 , 9 , and 10 for the PCFIA , blocking ELISA , and indirect ELISA , respectively .
All pigs were detected as seropositive by 14 DPC for all 3 tests .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays ( ELISAs ) and a particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay ( PCFIA ) were compared for their ability to detect antibodies against pseudorabies virus ( Aujeszkys disease virus ) glycoprotein E ( gE ) in the early stages of infection in pigs previously vaccinated with gE-deleted pseudorabies vaccines . Seventy pigs were included in the study . Five groups of 6 pigs each were vaccinated with one of 5 different pseudorabies virus ( PRV ) gE-deleted vaccines , and subsequently infected intranasally with 10 ( 5 . 6 ) TCID50 of the Iowa 4892 pneumotropic strain of PRV . This entire procedure was repeated using 10 ( 4 . 6 ) TCID50 of the Rice strain of PRV . Five unvaccinated control pigs were also challenged with each virus strain . Three control pigs died before seroconverting , leaving 67 pigs for comparison . Blood samples were drawn from experimentally inoculated pigs on the day of vaccination , the day of challenge , and on 4-10 , 14 , and 21 days postchallenge ( DPC ) .
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Score: 7.00 |
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| Title: Rice dwarf phytoreovirus segment S11 encodes a nucleic acid binding protein .
| | Author: Xu H Li Y Mao Z Li Y Wu Z Qu L An C Ming X Schiemann J Casper R Chen Z | | Journal: Virology Citation: V : 240 ( 2 ) P : 267-72 Year: 1998 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9454700 Accession (PMID): 9454700 | | Abstract: The function of rice dwarf virus segment 11 and the corresponding segments of other phytoreoviruses is not yet determined .
The amino acid sequence of Pns11 , encoded by segment 11 , contains a putative zinc finger and five flanking basic regions at the C-terminus .
The full-length Pns11 protein and three truncated derivatives , which lack the N-terminus , the zinc-finger or the C-terminal five basic regions were expressed in Escherichia coli and their nucleic acid binding properties were studied .
Pns11 interacts with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner .
The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 .
However , removal of either of these domains prevents binding activity .
The binding activity of Pns11 was drastically reduced when the blots were treated with a high concentration of EDTA .
Moreover , Pns11 extracted from infected rice also binds to single-stranded RNA .
These data suggest that RDV Pns11 binding activity is structure-dependent and it may play an important role in virus replication and/or genome assortment .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 2, subscore: 1.00 ]: The function of rice dwarf virus segment 11 and the corresponding segments of other phytoreoviruses is not yet determined . The amino acid sequence of Pns11 , encoded by segment 11 , contains a putative zinc finger and five flanking basic regions at the C-terminus . The full-length Pns11 protein and three truncated derivatives , which lack the N-terminus , the zinc-finger or the C-terminal five basic regions were expressed in Escherichia coli and their nucleic acid binding properties were studied . Pns11 interacts with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner . The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 . However , removal of either of these domains prevents binding activity .
[ Sen. 3, subscore: 1.00 ]: The function of rice dwarf virus segment 11 and the corresponding segments of other phytoreoviruses is not yet determined . The amino acid sequence of Pns11 , encoded by segment 11 , contains a putative zinc finger and five flanking basic regions at the C-terminus . The full-length Pns11 protein and three truncated derivatives , which lack the N-terminus , the zinc-finger or the C-terminal five basic regions were expressed in Escherichia coli and their nucleic acid binding properties were studied . Pns11 interacts with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner . The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 . However , removal of either of these domains prevents binding activity . The binding activity of Pns11 was drastically reduced when the blots were treated with a high concentration of EDTA .
[ Sen. 4, subscore: 1.00 ]: The function of rice dwarf virus segment 11 and the corresponding segments of other phytoreoviruses is not yet determined . The amino acid sequence of Pns11 , encoded by segment 11 , contains a putative zinc finger and five flanking basic regions at the C-terminus . The full-length Pns11 protein and three truncated derivatives , which lack the N-terminus , the zinc-finger or the C-terminal five basic regions were expressed in Escherichia coli and their nucleic acid binding properties were studied . Pns11 interacts with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner . The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 . However , removal of either of these domains prevents binding activity . The binding activity of Pns11 was drastically reduced when the blots were treated with a high concentration of EDTA . Moreover , Pns11 extracted from infected rice also binds to single-stranded RNA .
[ Sen. 5, subscore: 1.00 ]: The function of rice dwarf virus segment 11 and the corresponding segments of other phytoreoviruses is not yet determined . The amino acid sequence of Pns11 , encoded by segment 11 , contains a putative zinc finger and five flanking basic regions at the C-terminus . The full-length Pns11 protein and three truncated derivatives , which lack the N-terminus , the zinc-finger or the C-terminal five basic regions were expressed in Escherichia coli and their nucleic acid binding properties were studied . Pns11 interacts with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner . The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 . However , removal of either of these domains prevents binding activity . The binding activity of Pns11 was drastically reduced when the blots were treated with a high concentration of EDTA . Moreover , Pns11 extracted from infected rice also binds to single-stranded RNA . These data suggest that RDV Pns11 binding activity is structure-dependent and it may play an important role in virus replication and/or genome assortment .
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 1.00 ]: The full-length Pns11 protein and three truncated derivatives , which lack the N-terminus , the zinc-finger or the C-terminal five basic regions were expressed in Escherichia coli and their nucleic acid binding properties were studied . Pns11 interacts with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner . The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 . However , removal of either of these domains prevents binding activity . The binding activity of Pns11 was drastically reduced when the blots were treated with a high concentration of EDTA . Moreover , Pns11 extracted from infected rice also binds to single-stranded RNA . These data suggest that RDV Pns11 binding activity is structure-dependent and it may play an important role in virus replication and/or genome assortment .
[ Sen. 8, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pns11 interacts with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner . The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 . However , removal of either of these domains prevents binding activity . The binding activity of Pns11 was drastically reduced when the blots were treated with a high concentration of EDTA . Moreover , Pns11 extracted from infected rice also binds to single-stranded RNA . These data suggest that RDV Pns11 binding activity is structure-dependent and it may play an important role in virus replication and/or genome assortment .
[ Sen. 9, subscore: 1.00 ]: The truncated derivative which contains both the zinc-finger and the C-terminal basic regions has the same binding properties as the full-length Pns11 . However , removal of either of these domains prevents binding activity . The binding activity of Pns11 was drastically reduced when the blots were treated with a high concentration of EDTA . Moreover , Pns11 extracted from infected rice also binds to single-stranded RNA . These data suggest that RDV Pns11 binding activity is structure-dependent and it may play an important role in virus replication and/or genome assortment .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Rice ragged stunt oryzavirus genome segments S7 and S10 encode non-structural proteins of M ( r ) 68 , 025 ( Pns7 ) and M ( r ) 32 , 364 ( Pns10 ) .
| | Author: Upadhyaya NM Ramm K Gellatly JA Li Z Kositratana W Waterhouse PM .
| | Journal: Arch . Virol . Citation: V : 142 ( 8 ) P : 1719-26 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9672632 Accession (PMID): 9672632 | | Abstract: The nucleotide sequences of genome segments S7 and S10 of a Thai-isolate of rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) were determined .
The 1938 bp S7 sequence contains a single large open reading frame ( ORF ) spanning nucleotides 20 to 1843 that is predicted to encode a protein of M ( r ) 68 , 025 .
The 1 , 162 bp S10 sequence has a major ORF spanning nucleotides 142 to 1 , 032 that is predicted to encode a protein of M ( r ) 32 , 364 .
This S10 ORF is preceded by a small ORF ( nt 20-55 ) which is probably a minicistron .
Coupled in vitro transcription-translation from the two major ORFs gave protein products of the expected sizes .
However , no protein was visualised from S10 when the small ORF sequence was included .
Proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli from the full length ORF of S7 ( P7 ) and from a segment of the S10 ORF ( P10 ) fused to the ORF of glutathione S-transferase ( GST ) .
Neither fusion protein was recognised by polyclonal antibodies raised against RRSV particles .
Furthermore , polyclonal antibodies raised against GST-P7 fusion protein did not recognise any virion structural polypeptides .
These data strongly suggest that the proteins P7 and P10 do not form part of RRSV particle .
This is further supported by observed sequence homology ( though very weak ) of predicted RRSV P7 and P10 with those of rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) non-structural proteins Pns6 and Pns9 , respectively . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 11, subscore: 2.00 ]: Proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli from the full length ORF of S7 ( P7 ) and from a segment of the S10 ORF ( P10 ) fused to the ORF of glutathione S-transferase ( GST ) . Neither fusion protein was recognised by polyclonal antibodies raised against RRSV particles . Furthermore , polyclonal antibodies raised against GST-P7 fusion protein did not recognise any virion structural polypeptides . These data strongly suggest that the proteins P7 and P10 do not form part of RRSV particle . This is further supported by observed sequence homology ( though very weak ) of predicted RRSV P7 and P10 with those of rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) non-structural proteins Pns6 and Pns9 , respectively .
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Score: 2.00 |
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| Title: Simultaneous measurement of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities in sake rice koji by capillary electrophoresis of sodium dodecyl sulfate-protein complexes and activity measurement of glucoamylase by in-capillary enzyme reaction method .
| | Author: Watanabe T Yamamoto A Nagai S Terabe S | | Journal: Electrophoresis Citation: V : 19 ( 13 ) P : 2331-7 Year: 1998 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: abstract Doc ID: pub9788317 Accession (PMID): 9788317 | | Abstract: Capillary electrophoresis ( CE ) of sodium dodecyl sulfate ( SDS ) -protein complexes using a nongel sieving matrix ( CE-SDS ) has been applied to the simultaneous analysis of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activity in sake rice koji which is employed for the brewing of sake .
Alpha-amylase and glucoamylase in sake rice koji extracts were successfully analyzed by CE-SDS .
Alpha-amylase and glucoamylase were found to have molecular masses of 53000 and 63000 Da , respectively , as determined by the migration times of eight standard proteins .
These values agree with those determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( PAGE ) .
The results of CE-SDS method were compared with those achieved by the official method .
The relative standard deviations ( RSD ) of the alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities by CE-SDS were less than 5 . 0% in both intra-day and inter-day experiments .
An electrophoretic analysis of products of an enzyme reaction of a substrate by in-capillary reaction was also useful for the activity measurement of glucoamylase in sake rice koji . p-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-maltoside ( PNP-Mal ) was employed as a substrate and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( PNP-Glu ) was the product of the enzyme reaction .
The glucoamylase activity of sake rice koji samples gave the good linear relationship with the peak area observed in the in-capillary enzyme reaction method .
The glucoamylase activity in sake rice koji was measured by either CE-SDS or the in-capillary enzyme reaction more easily than by the official method .
Both methods can be applied to the routine quality control of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities in sake rice koji . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 7, subscore: 2.00 ]: Alpha-amylase and glucoamylase were found to have molecular masses of 53000 and 63000 Da , respectively , as determined by the migration times of eight standard proteins . These values agree with those determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( PAGE ) . The results of CE-SDS method were compared with those achieved by the official method . The relative standard deviations ( RSD ) of the alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities by CE-SDS were less than 5 . 0% in both intra-day and inter-day experiments . An electrophoretic analysis of products of an enzyme reaction of a substrate by in-capillary reaction was also useful for the activity measurement of glucoamylase in sake rice koji . p-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-maltoside ( PNP-Mal ) was employed as a substrate and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( PNP-Glu ) was the product of the enzyme reaction . The glucoamylase activity of sake rice koji samples gave the good linear relationship with the peak area observed in the in-capillary enzyme reaction method . The glucoamylase activity in sake rice koji was measured by either CE-SDS or the in-capillary enzyme reaction more easily than by the official method . Both methods can be applied to the routine quality control of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities in sake rice koji .
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Score: 1.00 |
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| Title: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 cytoplasmic nonstructural protein .
| | Author: Suzuki N Hosokawa D Matsuura Y Kikuchi A Omura T | | Journal: Arch . Virol . Citation: V : 144 ( 7 ) P : 1371-80 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub10481743 Accession (PMID): 10481743 | | Abstract: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation and intracellular location of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 , which is encoded by one of the twelve dsRNA genome segments , S12 , and comprises 312 amino acids , was investigated .
When [ 32P ] phosphoric acid was incorporated into RDV-infected leafhopper cultured cells , labelled Pns12 was immunoprecipitated from the cells by a monospecific anti-Pns12 polyclonal antibody .
Recombinant Pns12 was purified from Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with AcRS12 , a baculovirus recombinant carrying a full-length cDNA of RDV S12 .
Purified Pns12 was also demonstrated to be phosphorylated in vitro by a kinase activity present in host ( rice , barley , wheat , leafhopper ) cells and non-host ( tobacco , spinach , white clover , S frugiperda , mosquito , mammals ) cells as well .
Immunocytochemical studies showed Pns12 accumulated in the cytoplasm of infected cells , and frequently localized in a slightly electron-dense patch .
These results demonstrated that RDV Pns12 was a cytoplasmic nonstructural phosphoprotein . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns12 cytoplasmic nonstructural protein .
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| Title: Sequence analysis of Pns11 , a nonstructural protein of rice gall dwarf virus , and its expression and detection in infected rice plants and vector insects .
| | Author: Moriyasu Y Ishikawa K Kikuchi A Imanishi S Tomita S Akutsu K Omura T | | Journal: Virus Genes Citation: V : 20 ( 3 ) P : 237-41 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub10949951 Accession (PMID): 10949951 | | Abstract: The nucleotide sequence of genome segment S11 of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus , was determined .
The segment encodes a putative protein of 40 kDa that exhibits approximately 37% homology at the amino acid level to the nonstructural proteins Pns10 of rice dwarf and wound tumor viruses , which are other members of Phytoreovirus .
A band of a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa was specifically detected in an analysis of cells transfected with S11 cDNA .
An antiserum raised against this protein reacted with a protein of approximately 40kDa after fractionation by SDS-PAGE of materials prepared from infected plants and from viruliferous vector insects .
However , the antiserum did not react with purified viral proteins .
These results suggest that S11 encodes a nonstructural protein of RGDV .
This protein was named Pns11 . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Sequence analysis of Pns11 , a nonstructural protein of rice gall dwarf virus , and its expression and detection in infected rice plants and vector insects .
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| Title: Sequencing of the rpoB gene in Legionella pneumophila and characterization of mutations associated with rifampin resistance in the Legionellaceae .
| | Author: Nielsen K Hindersson P Hoiby N Bangsborg JM .
| | Journal: Antimicrob .
Agents Chemother .
Citation: V : 44 ( 10 ) P : 2679-83 Year: 2000 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub10991843 Accession (PMID): 10991843 | | Abstract: Rifampin in combination with erythromycin is a recommended treatment for severe cases of legionellosis .
Mutations in the rpoB gene are known to cause rifampin resistance in Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis , and the purpose of the present study was to investigate a possible similar resistance mechanism within the members of the family Legionellaceae .
Since the RNA polymerase genes of this genus have never been characterized , the DNA sequence of the Legionella pneumophila rpoB gene was determined by the Vectorette technique for genome walking .
A 4 , 647-bp DNA sequence that contained the open reading frame ( ORF ) of the rpoB gene ( 4 , 104 bp ) and an ORF of 384 bp representing part of the rpoC gene was obtained .
A 316-bp DNA fragment in the center of the L pneumophila rpoB gene , corresponding to a previously described site for mutations leading to rifampin resistance in M tuberculosis , was sequenced from 18 rifampin-resistant Legionella isolates representing four species ( L bozemanii , L longbeachae , L micdadei , and L pneumophila ) , and the sequences were compared to the sequences of the fragments from the parent ( rifampin-sensitive ) strains .
Six single-base mutations which led to amino acid substitutions at five different positions were identified .
A single strain did not contain any mutations in the 316-bp fragment .
This study represents the characterization of a hitherto undescribed resistance mechanism within the family Legionellaceae . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Sequencing of the rpoB gene in Legionella pneumophila and characterization of mutations associated with rifampin resistance in the Legionellaceae .
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| Title: Nucleic acid binding activity of pns6 encoded by genome segment 6 of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus .
| | Author: Shao CG L HJ Wu JH Gong ZX .
| | Journal: Acta Biochim . Biophys . Sin . ( Shanghai ) Citation: V : 36 ( 7 ) P : 457-66 Year: 2004 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub15248020 Accession (PMID): 15248020 | | Abstract: The ORF of genome segment 6 ( S6 ) of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus ( RRSV ) Philippines isolate was cloned and sequenced based on the S6 sequence of the Thailand isolate .
Pns6 , the 71 kD product of S6 expressed in E coli , was demonstrated to be a viral non-structural protein of RRSV by Western blotting .
The gel mobility shift assays showed that Pns6 had nucleic acid binding activity .
Pns6 could interact with single and double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA , showing a preference for single-stranded nucleic acid and a slight preference for RRSV ssRNA over the rice ssRNA , as demonstrated by both competition and displacement assays .
The binding of Pns6 to nucleic acids is strong and sequence non-specific .
By using five truncated derivatives of Pns6 , it was found that the basic region from amino acid 201 to 273 of Pns6 was the unique nucleic acid binding domain .
Subcellular fractionation of leaf it issues of RRSV-infected rice plants and subsequent Western blotting had shown that Pns6 accumulated predominately in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction .
The possible role of RRSV Pns6 in virus replication and assembly is discussed . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Nucleic acid binding activity of pns6 encoded by genome segment 6 of rice ragged stunt oryzavirus .
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| Title: Pns12 protein of Rice dwarf virus is essential for formation of viroplasms and nucleation of viral-assembly complexes .
| | Author: Wei T Shimizu T Hagiwara K Kikuchi A Moriyasu Y Suzuki N Chen H Omura T | | Journal: J Gen . Virol . Citation: V : 87 ( Pt 2 ) P : 429-38 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub16432031 Accession (PMID): 16432031 | | Abstract: Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies , known as viroplasms or viral factories , are assumed to be the sites of replication of members of the family Reoviridae .
Immunocytochemical and biochemical analyses were carried out to characterize the poorly understood viroplasms of the phytoreovirus Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) .
Within 6 h of inoculation of cells , viroplasms , namely discrete cytoplasmic inclusions , were formed that contained the non-structural proteins Pns6 , Pns11 and Pns12 of RDV , which appeared to be the constituents of the inclusions .
Formation of similar inclusions in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns12 in a baculovirus system and the association of molecules of Pns12 in vitro suggested that the inclusions observed in RDV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns12 .
Core proteins P1 , P3 , P5 and P7 and core virus particles were identified in the interior region of the inclusions .
In contrast , accumulation of the outer capsid proteins P2 , P8 and P9 and of intact virus particles was evident in the peripheral regions of the inclusions .
These observations suggest that core particles were constructed inside the inclusions , whereas outer capsid proteins were assembled at the periphery of the inclusions .
Viral inclusions were shown to be the sites of viral RNA synthesis by labelling infected cells with 5-bromouridine 5-triphosphate .
The number of viroplasms decreased with time post-inoculation as their sizes increased , suggesting that inclusions might fuse with one another during the virus-propagation process .
Our results are consistent with a model , proposed for vertebrate reoviruses , in which viroplasms play a pivotal role in virus assembly . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pns12 protein of Rice dwarf virus is essential for formation of viroplasms and nucleation of viral-assembly complexes .
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| Title: Pns4 of rice dwarf virus is a phosphoprotein , is localized around the viroplasm matrix , and forms minitubules .
| | Author: Wei T Kikuchi A Suzuki N Shimizu T Hagiwara K Chen H Omura T | | Journal: Arch . Virol . Citation: V : 151 ( 9 ) P : 1701-12 Year: 2006 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub16609816 Accession (PMID): 16609816 | | Abstract: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) , a member of the family Reoviridae , has a 12-segmented dsRNA genome .
Seven segments , designated S1 , S2 , S3 , S5 , S7 , S8 , and S9 , encode structural proteins , while the remainder encode nonstructural proteins .
One of the nonstructural proteins , Pns4 , which is encoded by S4 , was characterized .
Pns4 was a phosphorylatable substrate in a phosphorylation assay in vivo ; it associated with large cytoplasmic fibrils and formed novel minitubules in infected cultured cells of its leafhopper insect vector , as revealed by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy .
Early in infection , Pns4 was detected at the periphery of the viroplasm , and it was then observed on amorphous or fibrillar inclusions , which were identified as bundles of minitubules , at later stages of infection .
Since viroplasms are believed to be the site of RDV replication , the intracellular location of Pns4 suggests that this protein might be involved in the process of assembly of the RDV virion .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Pns4 of rice dwarf virus is a phosphoprotein , is localized around the viroplasm matrix , and forms minitubules .
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| Title: Endomembranes and myosin mediate assembly into tubules of Pns10 of Rice dwarf virus and intercellular spreading of the virus in cultured insect vector cells .
| | Author: Wei T Shimizu T Omura T | | Journal: Virology Citation: V : 372 P : 349-56 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub18061230 Accession (PMID): 18061230 | | Abstract: Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) spreads , along actin-based filopodia , as one of the ways of its transport , from infected to non-infected cells of its vector insect via tubules that are composed of the viral nonstructural protein Pns10 and contain viral particles .
An inhibitor that perturbs the endomembrane system , namely , brefeldin A , and butanedione monoxime , an inhibitor of myosin motor activity , abolished the formation of such tubules , preventing the direct cell-to-cell spread of RDV without any significant effects on the production of viral particles .
The microtubule-depolymerizing drug NOC , which had a negligible effect on the formation and protrusion of such tubules from cells , did not inhibit the intercellular spread of RDV .
Our observations suggest that the endomembrane system and myosin motors , but not microtubule , are required for the Pns10 tubule formation and are , therefore , involved in the secondary infection by RDV of adjacent cells .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Endomembranes and myosin mediate assembly into tubules of Pns10 of Rice dwarf virus and intercellular spreading of the virus in cultured insect vector cells .
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| Title: Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States .
| | Author: Endimiani A Carias LL Hujer AM Bethel CR Hujer KM Perez F Hutton RA Fox WR Hall GS Jacobs MR Paterson DL Rice LB Jenkins SG Tenover FC Bonomo RA | | Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Citation: V : 52 P : 284922 Year: 2008 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub18426899 Accession (PMID): 18426899 | | Abstract: The presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes [ ie , qnrA , qnrB , qnrS , aac ( 6 ) -Ib-cr , and qepA ] was evaluated among 42 bla ( KPC ) -containing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected in the eastern United States .
One isolate carried the bla ( KPC-3 ) and qnrB19 genes on the same conjugative plasmid , whereas another carried the bla ( KPC-3 ) and qnrA1 genes on separate plasmids .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates possessing blaKPC in the United States .
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| Title: The KQ element , a complex genetic region conferring transferable resistance to carbapenems , aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones in Klebsiella pneumoniae .
| | Author: Rice LB Carias LL Hutton RA Rudin SD Endimiani A Bonomo RA | | Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Citation: V : P : Year: 2008 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub18573935 Accession (PMID): 18573935 | | Abstract: The blaKPC-3 and qnrB19 determinants of transferable Klebsiella pneumoniae plasmid pLRM24 reside within a complex region consisting of a Tn1331 backbone into which has inserted a Tn4401-like element and qnrB19 mobilized by an adjacent ISEcp1 .
This novel element represents a coalescence of genes conferring multidrug resistance in K pneumoniae .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: The KQ element , a complex genetic region conferring transferable resistance to carbapenems , aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones in Klebsiella pneumoniae .
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| Title: Silencing by RNAi of the gene for Pns12 , a viroplasm matrix protein of Rice dwarf virus , results in strong resistance of transgenic rice plants to the virus .
| | Author: Shimizu T Yoshii M Wei T Hirochika H Omura T | | Journal: Plant Biotechnol J Citation: V : 7 P : 24-32 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub18761654 Accession (PMID): 18761654 | | Abstract: The non-structural protein Pns12 of Rice dwarf virus is one of the early proteins expressed in cultured insect cells , and it is one of 12 proteins that initiate the formation of the viroplasm , the putative site of viral replication .
Pns4 is also a non-structural protein , visible as minitubules after nucleation of the viroplasm .
We introduced Pns12 and Pns4-specific RNA interference ( RNAi ) constructs into rice plants .
The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific to the constructs .
The progeny of rice plants with Pns12-specific RNAi constructs , after self-fertilization , were strongly resistant to viral infection .
By contrast , resistance was less apparent in the case of rice plants with Pns4-specific RNAi constructs , and delayed symptoms appeared in some plants of each line .
Our results suggest that interference with the expression of a protein that is critical for viral replication , such as the viroplasm matrix protein Pns12 , might be a practical and effective way to control viral infection in crop plants .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Silencing by RNAi of the gene for Pns12 , a viroplasm matrix protein of Rice dwarf virus , results in strong resistance of transgenic rice plants to the virus .
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| Title: Strong correlations and magnetic frustration in the high Tc iron pnictides .
| | Author: Si Q Abrahams E | | Journal: Phys Rev Lett Citation: V : 101 P : 076401 Year: 2008 Type: PubMed-not-MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub18764559 Accession (PMID): 18764559 | | Abstract: We consider the iron pnictides in terms of a proximity to a Mott insulator .
The superexchange interactions contain competing nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor components .
In the undoped parent compound , these frustrated interactions lead to a two-sublattice collinear antiferromagnet ( each sublattice forming a Neel ordering ) , with a reduced magnitude for the ordered moment .
Electron or hole doping , together with the frustration effect , suppresses the magnetic ordering and allows a superconducting state .
The exchange interactions favor a d-wave superconducting order parameter ; in the notation appropriate for the Fe square lattice , its orbital symmetry is dxy .
A number of existing and future experiments are discussed in light of the theoretical considerations .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Strong correlations and magnetic frustration in the high Tc iron pnictides .
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| Title: Histologic assessment and prognostic factors of malignant pleural mesothelioma treated with extrapleural pneumonectomy .
| | Author: Arrossi AV Lin E Rice D Moran CA | | Journal: Am J Clin Pathol Citation: V : 130 P : 754-64 Year: 2008 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub18854268 Accession (PMID): 18854268 | | Abstract: We studied 56 cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma ( MPM ) treated with extrapleural pneumonectomy ( EPP ) .
The slides from the EPP specimens were reviewed , and tumors were classified with the guidance of the World Health Organization classification of pleural tumors .
Agreement between the histologic type from the EPP review and the diagnostic procedure ( DP ) reports was evaluated .
Histologic and clinical parameters were also correlated with clinical outcome .
There was a significant disagreement ( P = . 0001 ) between the histologic type in the DP reports and the EPP specimen review .
The histologic type from the DP was associated with disease-specific survival ( DSS ) ; however , the histologic type from the EPP specimen was not associated with survival Postoperative treatment was associated with DSS and with recurrence-free survival Our study confirms that in many cases , final histopathologic typing of MPM is influenced by complete surgical resection and that initial biopsy should be carefully weighed in the treatment stratification .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Histologic assessment and prognostic factors of malignant pleural mesothelioma treated with extrapleural pneumonectomy .
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| Title: Characterization of blaKPC-containing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates detected in different institutions in the Eastern USA .
| | Author: Endimiani A Hujer AM Perez F Bethel CR Hujer KM Kroeger J Oethinger M Paterson DL Adams MD Jacobs MR Diekema DJ Hall GS Jenkins SG Rice LB Tenover FC Bonomo RA | | Journal: J Antimicrob Chemother Citation: V : 63 P : 427-37 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub19155227 Accession (PMID): 19155227 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : The emergence of bla ( KPC ) -containing Klebsiella pneumoniae ( KPC-Kp ) isolates is attracting significant attention .
Outbreaks in the Eastern USA have created serious treatment and infection control problems .
A comparative multi-institutional analysis of these strains has not yet been performed .
METHODS : We analysed 42 KPC-Kp recovered during 2006-07 from five institutions located in the Eastern USA .
Antimicrobial susceptibility tests , analytical isoelectric focusing ( aIEF ) , PCR and sequencing of bla genes , PFGE and rep-PCR were performed .
Results By in vitro testing , KPC-Kp isolates were highly resistant to all non-carbapenem beta-lactams ( MIC ( 90 ) s >or= 128 mg/L ) .
Among carbapenems , MIC ( 50/90 ) s were 4/64 mg/L for imipenem and meropenem , 4/32 mg/L for doripenem and 8/128 for ertapenem .
Combinations of clavulanate or tazobactam with a carbapenem or cefepime did not significantly lower the MIC values .
Genetic analysis revealed that the isolates possessed the following bla genes : bla ( KPC-2 ) ( 59 . 5% ) , bla ( KPC-3 ) ( 40 . 5% ) , bla ( TEM-1 ) ( 90 . 5% ) , bla ( SHV-11 ) ( 95 . 2% ) and bla ( SHV-12 ) ( 50 . 0% ) . aIEF of crude beta-lactamase extracts from these strains supported our findings , showing beta-lactamases at pIs of 5 . 4 , 7 . 6 and 8 . 2 .
The mean number of beta-lactamases was 3 . 5 ( range 3-5 ) .
PFGE demonstrated that 32 ( 76 . 2% ) isolates were clonally related ( type A ) .
Type A KPC-Kp isolates ( 20 bla ( KPC-2 ) and 12 bla ( KPC-3 ) ) were detected in each of the five institutions . rep-PCR showed patterns consistent with PFGE .
CONCLUSIONS : We demonstrated the complex beta-lactamase background of KPC-Kp isolates that are emerging in multiple centres in the Eastern USA .
The prevalence of a single dominant clone suggests that interstate transmission has occurred .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Characterization of blaKPC-containing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates detected in different institutions in the Eastern USA .
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| Title: Mortality from infectious pneumonia in metal workers : a comparison with deaths from asthma in occupations exposed to respiratory sensitisers .
| | Author: Palmer KT Cullinan P Rice S Brown T Coggon D | | Journal: Thorax Citation: V : 64 P : 983-6 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub19703831 Accession (PMID): 19703831 | | Abstract: BACKGROUND : National analyses of mortality in England and Wales have repeatedly shown excess deaths from pneumonia in welders .
During 1979-90 the excess was attributable largely to deaths from lobar pneumonia and pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia , limited to men of working age and apparent in other occupations with exposure to metal fumes .
The findings for 1991-2000 were assessed and compared with the mortality pattern from asthma in occupations exposed to known respiratory sensitisers .
METHODS : The Office of National Statistics supplied data on deaths by underlying cause among men aged 16-74 years in England and Wales during 1991-2000 , including age and last held occupation .
Data were abstracted on pneumonia for occupations with exposure to metal fumes and on asthma for occupations commonly reported to surveillance schemes as at risk of occupational asthma .
The expected numbers of deaths were estimated by applying age-specific proportions of deaths by cause in the population to the total deaths by age in each occupational group .
Observed and expected numbers were compared for each cause of death .
RESULTS : Among men of working age in occupations with exposure to metal fumes there was excess mortality from pneumococcal and lobar pneumonia ( 54 deaths vs 27 . 3 expected ) and from pneumonias other than bronchopneumonia ( 71 vs 52 . 4 ) , but no excess from these causes at older ages or from bronchopneumonia at any age .
The attributable mortality from metal fume exposure was 45 . 3 excess deaths compared with an estimated 62 . 6 deaths from occupational asthma .
CONCLUSION : Exposure to metal fumes is a material cause of occupational mortality .
The hazard deserves far more attention than it presently receives .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Mortality from infectious pneumonia in metal workers : a comparison with deaths from asthma in occupations exposed to respiratory sensitisers .
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| Title: Successful treatment of severe pneumocystis pneumonia with clindamycin-primaquine in an HIV-negative patient .
| | Author: Crisp HC Stewart IJ Blatz PJ Rice DH Okulicz JF | | Journal: South Med J Citation: V : 102 P : 1161-3 Year: 2009 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub19864989 Accession (PMID): 19864989 | | Abstract: Pneumocystis pneumonia is an increasingly recognized threat in non-HIV immunosuppressed patients and is associated with worse outcomes compared to HIV-infected patients .
The preferred first line treatment is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ; however , second line treatments for those intolerant of this regimen have been primarily studied in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) .
We report a case of Pneumocystis pneumonia in a 75-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) and a history of sulfa allergy successfully treated with clindamycin-primaquine .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Successful treatment of severe pneumocystis pneumonia with clindamycin-primaquine in an HIV-negative patient .
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| Title: In vitro activity of fosfomycin against blaKPC-containing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates , including those nonsusceptible to tigecycline and/or colistin .
| | Author: Endimiani A Patel G Hujer KM Swaminathan M Perez F Rice LB Jacobs MR Bonomo RA | | Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Citation: V : 54 P : 526-9 Year: 2010 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub19901089 Accession (PMID): 19901089 | | Abstract: In vitro activity of fosfomycin was evaluated against 68 bla ( KPC ) -possessing Klebsiella pneumoniae ( KpKPC ) isolates , including 23 tigecycline and/or colistin-nonsusceptible strains .
By agar dilution , 93% of the overall KpKPC were susceptible ( MIC ( 50/90 ) of 16/64 microg/ml , respectively ) .
The subgroup of 23 tigecycline and/or colistin-nonsusceptible strains showed susceptibility rates of 87% ( MIC ( 50/90 ) of 32/128 microg/ml , respectively ) .
Notably , 5 out of 6 extremely drug-resistant ( tigecycline and colistin nonsusceptible ) KpKPC were susceptible to fosfomycin .
Compared to agar dilution , disk diffusion was more accurate than Etest | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: In vitro activity of fosfomycin against blaKPC-containing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates , including those nonsusceptible to tigecycline and/or colistin .
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| Title: Expression of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns6 and the specificity analysis of its monoclonal antibodies .
| | Author: Ji X Wei C Li Y | | Journal: Sci China C Life Sci Citation: V : 52 P : 958-64 Year: 2009 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub19911132 Accession (PMID): 19911132 | | Abstract: The genome of rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) is composed of 12 double-stranded RNA segments , of which segment S6 encodes a non-structural protein Pns6 identified as the movement protein .
In this report , Pns6 with a 6-histidine tag at the N-terminal was expressed in E coli after induction under low temperature ( 18 degrees C ) and low concentration ( 0 . 4 mmol/L and 0 . 2 mmol/L ) of IPTG , and then purified by Ni-chelated affinity chromatography .
Stability analysis indicated that the expressed HisPns6 protein was stable at 37 degrees C after 24 h treatment .
This recombinant protein was then used to make monoclonal antibody .
Total 18 hybridoma clones were obtained .
The specificity of antibodies was tested by Western blot using native Pns6 extracted from RDV-infected rice leaves , and 15 positive clones were confirmed .
Mapping of the antigenic sites of Pns6 using antibodies showed that the most sensitive antigen determinant is located in the C-terminal region ( the 296th-509th amino acids ) of Pns6 , which is confirms bioinformatics analysis .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Expression of rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns6 and the specificity analysis of its monoclonal antibodies .
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| Title: Rice ragged stunt virus segment S6-encoded nonstructural protein Pns6 complements cell-to-cell movement of Tobacco mosaic virus-based chimeric virus .
| | Author: Wu Z Wu J Adkins S Xie L Li W | | Journal: Virus Res Citation: V : 152 P : 176-9 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub20541571 Accession (PMID): 20541571 | | Abstract: The protein ( s ) that support intercellular movement of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) have not yet been identified .
In this study , the role of three nonstructural proteins Pns6 , Pns7 and Pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient Tobacco mosaic virus ( TMV ) vector .
The results showed that only the Pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient TMV in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc and N benthamiana plants , and both N and C-terminal 50 amino acids of Pns6 were essential for the cell-to-cell movement .
Transient expression in epidermal cells from N benthamiana showed that the Pns6-eGFP fusion protein was present predominantly along the cell wall as well as a few punctate sites perhaps indicating plasmodesmata .
Taken together with previous finding that the Pns6 has nucleic acid-binding activity ( Shao et al , 2004 ) , the possible role of Pns6 in cell-to-cell movement of RRSV were discussed .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Rice ragged stunt virus segment S6-encoded nonstructural protein Pns6 complements cell-to-cell movement of Tobacco mosaic virus-based chimeric virus .
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| Title: Stable expression of rice dwarf virus Pns10 suppresses the post-transcriptional gene silencing in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants .
| | Author: Zhou P Ren B Zhang XM Wang Y Wei CH Li Y | | Journal: Acta Virol Citation: V : 54 P : 99-104 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub20545438 Accession (PMID): 20545438 | Abstract: RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism that defends against viral infection and retrotransposon activity for protection of the genome .
Segment 10 ( S10 ) of Rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) encodes Pns10 protein , a viral suppressor of RNAi that suppresses the host RNA silencing machinery .
In this study , we obtained stable transgenic RDV-S10 Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing Pns10 .
Suppression of post-transcriptional gene silencing ( PTGS ) by Pns10 supported the conclusion that this protein exhibited the RNA silencing suppressor activity .
In particular , the transgenic plants stably expressing a viral suppressor of RNAi ( VSR ) provide a model system for investigating the mechanism of RNA silencing .
Keywords : RNA silencing ; VSR ; Rice dwarf virus ; Pns10 ; transgenic plant .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Stable expression of rice dwarf virus Pns10 suppresses the post-transcriptional gene silencing in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants .
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| Title: Multiple functions of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns10 in suppressing systemic RNA silencing .
| | Author: Ren B Guo Y Gao F Zhou P Wu F Meng Z Wei C Li Y | | Journal: J Virol Citation: V : 84 P : 12914-23 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub20926568 Accession (PMID): 20926568 | | Abstract: RNA silencing is a potent mechanism of antiviral defense response in plants and other organisms .
For counterdefense , viruses have evolved a variety of suppressors of RNA silencing ( VSRs ) that can inhibit distinct steps of a silencing pathway .
We previously identified Pns10 encoded by Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) as a VSR , the first of its kind from double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses .
In this study we investigated the mechanisms of Pns10 function in suppressing systemic RNA silencing in the widely used Nicotiana benthamiana model plant .
We report that Pns10 suppresses local and systemic RNA silencing triggered by sense mRNA , enhances viral replication and/or viral RNA stability in inoculated leaves , accelerates the systemic spread of viral infection , and enables viral invasion of shoot apices .
Mechanistically , Pns10 interferes with the perception of silencing signals in recipient it issues , binds double-stranded small interfering RNA ( siRNAs ) with two-nucleotide 3 overhangs , and causes the downregulated expression of RDR6 .
These results significantly deepen our mechanistic understanding of the VSR functions encoded by a dsRNA virus and contribute additional evidence that binding siRNAs and interfering with RDR6 expression are broad mechanisms of VSR functions encoded by diverse groups of viruses .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Multiple functions of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus Pns10 in suppressing systemic RNA silencing .
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| Title: Identification of Pns6 , a putative movement protein of RRSV , as a silencing suppressor .
| | Author: Wu J Du Z Wang C Cai L Hu M Lin Q Wu Z Li Y Xie L | | Journal: Virol J Citation: V : 7 P : 335 Year: 2010 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub21092155 Accession (PMID): 21092155 | | Abstract: RNA silencing is a potent antiviral response in plants .
As a counterdefense , most plant and some animal viruses encode RNA silencing suppressors .
In this study , we showed that Pns6 , a putative movement protein of Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , exhibited silencing suppressor activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c .
Pns6 of RRSV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA .
Deletion of a region involved in RNA binding abolished the silencing suppressor activity of Pns6 .
Further , expression of Pns6 enhanced Potato virus x pathogenicity in N benthamiana .
Collectively , these results suggested that RRSV Pns6 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing that targets an upstream step of the dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
This is the first silencing suppressor to be identified from the genus Oryzavirus .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Identification of Pns6 , a putative movement protein of RRSV , as a silencing suppressor .
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| Title: Study on mechanisms of colonization of nitrogen-fixing PGPB , Klebsiella pneumoniae NG14 on the root surface of rice and the formation of biofilm .
| | Author: Liu Y Wang H Sun X Yang H Wang Y Song W | | Journal: Curr Microbiol Citation: V : 62 P : 1113-22 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub21132569 Accession (PMID): 21132569 | | Abstract: Plant growth-promoting bacteria ( PGPB ) refer to the bacteria beneficial to plants , and they may affect the growth and development of plants directly or indirectly .
This article studied the activities of nitrogen fixation and colonization of a strain of PGPB , Klebsiella pneumoniae NG14 , which was isolated from the rice root surface .
The results showed that NG14 harbouring the nifH gene had nitrogenase activity , ( 15 ) N ( 2 ) -fixing activity , and was able to colonize on the root surface and within the cavity of root vascular it issues of rice .
Using proteomics technology to study the differences and changes of membrane proteins ( MP ) of NG14 bacterial biofilm in non-biological surface , 28 proteins showing significant differences before and after the formation of bacterial biofilm have been identified , in which the precursors of membrane pore protein OmpC relevant to osmotic stress resistance was up-regulated .
This study would have positive significance on further understanding of the direct and indirect promotion effects of PGPB and related mechanisms .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Study on mechanisms of colonization of nitrogen-fixing PGPB , Klebsiella pneumoniae NG14 on the root surface of rice and the formation of biofilm .
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| Title: [ Passive nighttime warming ( PNW ) system , its design and warming effect ] .
| | Author: Chen J Yang F Zhang B Tian YL Dong WJ Zhang WJ | | Journal: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao Citation: V : 21 P : 2288-94 Year: 2010 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub21265150 Accession (PMID): 21265150 | | Abstract: Based on the technique of passive nighttime warming ( PNW ) , a convenient and energy-saving PNW facility was designed for a rice-wheat cropping system in Danyang , Jiangsu Province .
The facility could guarantee 15 . 75 m2 effective sampling area , with a homogeneous amplitude of increased temperature , and making the nighttime canopy temperature during whole rice growth season increased averagely by 1 . 1 degrees C and the nighttime canopy temperature and 5 cm soil temperature during whole winter wheat growth period increased averagely by 1 . 3 degrees C and 0 . 8 degrees C , respectively .
During the operation period of the facility , the variation trends of the canopy temperature and 5 cm soil temperature during the whole growth periods of rice and winter wheat in the warming plots were similar to those of the control .
Though the facility slightly decreased the soil moisture content during winter wheat growth period , wheat growth was less impacted .
The application of this facility in our main production areas of rice and winter wheat showed that the facility could advance the initial blossoming stages of rice and winter wheat averagely by 3 d and 5 d , respectively .
In despite of the discrepancy in the warming effect among different regions and seasons , this energy-saving facility was reliable for the field research on crop responses to climate warming , when the homogeneity of increased temperature , the effective area , and the effects on crop growth period were taken into comprehensive consideration .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: [ Passive nighttime warming ( PNW ) system , its design and warming effect ] .
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| Title: Identification of Pns12 as the second silencing suppressor of Rice gall dwarf virus .
| | Author: Wu J Wang C Du Z Cai L Hu M Wu Z Li Y Xie L | | Journal: Sci China Life Sci Citation: V : 54 P : 201-8 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub21416320 Accession (PMID): 21416320 | | Abstract: RNA silencing is a conserved mechanism found ubiquitously in eukaryotic organisms .
It has been used to regulate gene expression and development .
In addition , RNA silencing serves as an important mechanism in plants defense against invasive nucleic acids , such as viruses , transposons , and transgenes .
As a counter-defense , most plants , and some animal viruses , encode RNA silencing suppressors to interfere at one or several points of the silencing pathway .
In this study , we showed that Pns12 of RGDV ( Rice gall dwarf virus ) exhibits silencing suppressor activity on the reporter green fluorescent protein in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c .
Pns12 of RGDV suppressed local silencing induced by sense RNA but had no effect on that induced by dsRNA .
Expression of Pns12 also enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in N benthamiana .
Collectively , these results suggested that RGDV Pns12 functions as a virus suppressor of RNA silencing , which might target an upstream step of dsRNA formation in the RNA silencing pathway .
Furthermore , we showed that Pns12 is localized mainly in the nucleus of N benthamiana leaf cells .
| Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Identification of Pns12 as the second silencing suppressor of Rice gall dwarf virus .
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| Title: Cerebral ischaemia in the context of improving , steroid-treated pneumococcal meningitis .
| | Author: Rice CM Ramamoorthi M Renowden SA Heywood P Whone AL Scolding NJ | | Journal: QJM Citation: V : 105 P : 473-5 Year: 2012 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub21493690 Accession (PMID): 21493690 | | Abstract: | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Cerebral ischaemia in the context of improving , steroid-treated pneumococcal meningitis .
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| Title: Viroplasm matrix protein Pns9 from rice gall dwarf virus forms an octameric cylindrical structure .
| | Author: Akita F Miyazaki N Hibino H Shimizu T Higashiura A Uehara-Ichiki T Sasaya T Tsukihara T Nakagawa A Iwasaki K Omura T | | Journal: J Gen Virol Citation: V : 92 P : 2214-21 Year: 2011 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub21613445 Accession (PMID): 21613445 | | Abstract: The non-structural Pns9 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae .
Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy of RGDV-infected vector cells in monolayers , using antibodies against Pns9 of RGDV and expression of Pns9 in Spodoptera frugiperda cells , demonstrated that Pns9 is the minimal viral factor necessary for formation of viroplasm inclusion during infection by RGDV .
When Pns9 in solution was observed under a conventional electron microscope , it appeared as ring-like aggregates of approximately 100 A in diameter .
Cryo-electron microscopic analysis of these aggregates revealed cylinders of octameric Pns9 , whose dimensions were similar to those observed under the conventional electron microscope .
Octamerization of Pns9 in solution was confirmed by the results of size-exclusion chromatography .
Among proteins of viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae whose three-dimensional structures are available , a matrix protein of the viroplasm of rotavirus , NSP2 , forms similar octamers , an observation that suggests similar roles for Pns9 and NSP2 in morphogenesis in animal-infecting and in plant-infecting reoviruses .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Viroplasm matrix protein Pns9 from rice gall dwarf virus forms an octameric cylindrical structure .
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| Title: Movement protein Pns6 of rice dwarf phytoreovirus has both ATPase and RNA binding activities .
| | Author: Ji X Qian D Wei C Ye G Zhang Z Wu Z Xie L Li Y | | Journal: PLoS One Citation: V : 6 P : e24986 Year: 2011 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub21949821 Accession (PMID): 21949821 | | Abstract: Cell-to-cell movement is essential for plant viruses to systemically infect host plants .
Plant viruses encode movement proteins ( MP ) to facilitate such movement .
Unlike the well-characterized MPs of DNA viruses and single-stranded RNA ( ssRNA ) viruses , knowledge of the functional mechanisms of MPs encoded by double-stranded RNA ( dsRNA ) viruses is very limited .
In particular , many studied MPs of DNA and ssRNA viruses bind non-specifically ssRNAs , leading to models in which ribonucleoprotein complexes ( RNPs ) move from cell to cell .
Thus , it will be of special interest to determine whether MPs of dsRNA viruses interact with genomic dsRNAs or their derivative sRNAs .
To this end , we studied the biochemical functions of MP Pns6 of Rice dwarf phytoreovirus ( RDV ) , a member of Phytoreovirus that contains a 12-segmented dsRNA genome .
We report here that Pns6 binds both dsRNAs and ssRNAs .
Intriguingly , Pns6 exhibits non-sequence specificity for dsRNA but shows preference for ssRNA sequences derived from the conserved genomic 5- and 3-terminal consensus sequences of RDV .
Furthermore , Pns6 exhibits magnesium-dependent ATPase activities .
Mutagenesis identified the RNA binding and ATPase activity sites of Pns6 at the N and C-termini , respectively .
Our results uncovered the novel property of a viral MP in differentially recognizing dsRNA and ssRNA and establish a biochemical basis to enable further studies on the mechanisms of dsRNA viral MP functions .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Movement protein Pns6 of rice dwarf phytoreovirus has both ATPase and RNA binding activities .
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| Title: Orthorexia nervosa with hyponatremia , subcutaneous emphysema , pneumomediastimum , pneumothorax , and pancytopenia .
| | Author: Park SW Kim JY Go GJ Jeon ES Pyo HJ Kwon YJ | | Journal: Electrolyte Blood Press Citation: V : 9 P : 32-7 Year: 2011 Type: PubMed-not-MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub21998605 Accession (PMID): 21998605 | | Abstract: 30-year-old male was admitted with general weakness and drowsy mental status .
He had eaten only 3-4 spoons of brown rice and fresh vegetable without salt for 3 months to treat his tic disorder , and he had been in bed-ridden state .
He has had weight loss of 14 kg in the last 3 months .
We report a patient with orthorexia nervosa who developed hyponatremia , metabolic acidosis , subcutaneous emphysema , mediastinal emphysema , pneumothorax , and pancytopenia and we will review the literature .
Also , we mention to prevent refeeding syndrome , and to start and maintain feeding in malnourished patients .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Orthorexia nervosa with hyponatremia , subcutaneous emphysema , pneumomediastimum , pneumothorax , and pancytopenia .
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| Title: Hairpin RNA derived from the gene for Pns9 , a viroplasm matrix protein of Rice gall dwarf virus , confers strong resistance to virus infection in transgenic rice plants .
| | Author: Shimizu T Nakazono-Nagaoka E Akita F Wei T Sasaya T Omura T Uehara-Ichiki T | | Journal: J Biotechnol Citation: V : 157 P : 421-7 Year: 2012 Type: MEDLINE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub22212819 Accession (PMID): 22212819 | | Abstract: The nonstructural Pns9 protein of Rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) accumulates in viroplasm inclusions , which are structures that appear to play an important role in viral morphogenesis and are commonly found in host cells infected by viruses in the family Reoviridae .
An RNA interference construct was designed to target the gene for Pns9 of RGDV , namely Trigger_G9 .
The resultant transgenic plants accumulated short interfering RNAs specific for the construct .
All progenies from self-fertilized transgenic plants had strong and heritable resistance to RGDV infection and did not allow the propagation of RGDV .
By contrast , our transgenic plants remained susceptible to Rice dwarf virus , another phytoreovirus .
There were no significant changes in the morphology of our transgenic plants compared with non-inoculated wild-type rice plants , suggesting that genes critical for the growth of rice plants were unaffected .
Our results demonstrate that the resistance to RGDV of our transgenic rice plants is not due to resistance to the vector insects but to specific inhibition of RGDV replication and that the designed trigger sequence is functioning normally .
Thus , our strategy to target a gene for viroplasm matrix protein should be applicable to plant viruses that belong to the family Reoviridae .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Hairpin RNA derived from the gene for Pns9 , a viroplasm matrix protein of Rice gall dwarf virus , confers strong resistance to virus infection in transgenic rice plants .
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| Title: RNA silencing suppressor Pns11 of rice gall dwarf virus induces virus-like symptoms in transgenic rice .
| | Author: Shen WJ Ruan XL Li XS Zhao Q Li HP | | Journal: Arch Virol Citation: V : 157 P : 1531-9 Year: 2012 Type: In-Data-Review | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub22592958 Accession (PMID): 22592958 | | Abstract: Transgenic rice ( Oryza sativa ) plants expressing the Pns11 protein of rice gall dwarf virus ( RGDV ) displayed multiple abnormal phenotypes , some of which were highly reminiscent of the symptoms observed in RGDV-infected rice .
Further analysis indicated that the apparent alterations in plant growth and morphology were correlated with the expression levels of microRNA160 , microRNA162 , microRNA167 , microRNA168 , and the microRNA target OsARF8 .
Especially , the striking dwarfing phenotype depended on the high expression level of microRNA167 .
By analogy to other categories of plant viruses , the RNA silencing suppressors encoded by plant dsRNA viruses function as pathogenicity determinants .
These findings significantly deepen our current mechanistic understanding of the RNA silencing suppressor ( VSR ) encoded by a dsRNA virus and provide additional evidence that interference with microRNA expression is a VSR function utilized by a diverse range of viruses .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: RNA silencing suppressor Pns11 of rice gall dwarf virus induces virus-like symptoms in transgenic rice .
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| Title: Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient .
| | Author: Maggi G Maseda E Rice AG Rodriguez FG | | Journal: Surg Infect ( Larchmt ) Citation: V : 13 P : 183 Year: 2012 Type: In-Process | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub22712450 Accession (PMID): 22712450 | | Abstract: | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient .
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| Title: Assembly of the viroplasm by viral nonstructural protein Pns10 is essential for persistent infection of Rice ragged stunt virus in its vector insect .
| | Author: Jia D Guo N Chen H Akita F Xie L Omura T Wei T | | Journal: J Gen Virol Citation: V : P : Year: 2012 Type: Publisher | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub22837415 Accession (PMID): 22837415 | | Abstract: Rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) , an oryzavirus , is transmitted by brown planthopper in a persistent-propagative manner .
In this study , sequential infection of RRSV in the internal organs of its vector insect after ingestion of virus was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy .
RRSV first was detected in the epithelial cells of midgut , from where it proceeded to the visceral muscles surrounding midgut , then throughout the visceral muscles of midgut and hindgut , and finally in the salivary glands .
Viroplasms , the sites for viral replication and assembly of progeny virions , were formed in the midgut epithelium , visceral muscles and salivary glands of infected insects and contained the nonstructural protein Pns10 of RRSV , which appeared to be the major constituent of viroplasms .
Viroplasm-like structures formed in non-host insect cells upon expression of Pns10 in a baculovirus system suggested that the viroplasms observed in RRSV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns10 .
RNA interference induced by ingestion of dsRNA from Pns10 gene of RRSV strongly inhibited such viroplasm formation , preventing efficient viral infection or spread in its vector insects .
All these results show that Pns10 of RRSV is essential for viroplasm formation and viral replication in the vector insect .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Assembly of the viroplasm by viral nonstructural protein Pns10 is essential for persistent infection of Rice ragged stunt virus in its vector insect .
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| Title: [ A case of acute interstitial pneumonia caused by blasticidin S ] | | Author: Toyoshima M Sato A Taniguchi M Imokawa S Nakazawa K Hayakawa H Chida K | | Journal: Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi Citation: V : 32 ( 4 ) P : 344-7 Year: 1994 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub8041044 Accession (PMID): 8041044 | | Abstract: A 41-year-old male developed acute interstitial pneumonia after inhalation of Blasticidin S , an antibiotic effective against rice blast disease .
He presented with diarrhea , followed by dry cough , dyspnea and fever .
A chest roentgenogram showed bilateral diffuse ground glass appearance , superimposed by patchy shadows .
Arterial blood gas analysis revealed severe hypoxemia .
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimen showed moderate increase in total cell count , lymphocytes , neutrophils and eosinophils with marked elevation of CD4/8 ratio .
Antibiotic therapy with minocycline failed to improve his condition , and methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by methylprednisolone ( 48 mg ) resulted in clinical remission with resolution of the chest roentgenogram findings .
Blasticidin S should be kept in mind as a causative agent of acute interstitial pneumonia .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: [ A case of acute interstitial pneumonia caused by blasticidin S ]
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| Title: Efficacies of piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime in rats with experimental intra-abdominal abscesses due to an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae .
| | Author: Thauvin-Eliopoulos C Tripodi MF Moellering RC Eliopoulos GM .
| | Journal: Antimicrob .
Agents Chemother .
Citation: V : 41 ( 5 ) P : 1053-7 Year: 1997 Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub9145868 Accession (PMID): 9145868 | | Abstract: The in vivo activities of piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime were compared with those of ticarcillin-clavulanate , ceftazidime , cefotaxime , and imipenem in a rat model of intra-abdominal abscess with a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae elaborating an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase ( TEM-26 ) .
With the exception of ceftazidime , all of the antimicrobial agents significantly reduced bacterial counts within abscesses at the end of therapy compared with those in untreated controls .
Residual viable cell counts ( mean +/- standard deviation in log10 CFU/gram ) were as follows : control , 8 . 76 +/- 0 . 97 ; ceftazidime , 8 . 00 +/- 0 . 76 ; piperacillin-tazobactam , 3 . 87 +/- 1 . 72 ; ticarcillin-clavulanate , 3 . 74 +/- 1 . 34 ; cefepime , 3 . 15 +/- 1 . 19 ; cefotaxime , 2 . 61 +/- 0 . 77 ; imipenem , 2 . 41 +/- 0 . 93 .
Imipenem was more effective than either of the inhibitor combinations ( P < 0 . 05 ) .
Cefotaxime was unexpectedly effective given its poor in vivo activity against this organism in our earlier studies , which used a different dose and total duration of therapy ( L B Rice , J D C Yao , K Klimm , G M Eliopoulos , and R C Moellering , Jr . , Antimicrob .
Agents Chemother .
35 : 1243-1244 , 1991 ) .
These observations suggest that the effectiveness of cephalosporins in the treatment of experimental infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing K pneumoniae may be highly dependent on dosing regimens , even for a specific organism and site of infection .
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[ Sen. 1, subscore: 1.00 ]: Efficacies of piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime in rats with experimental intra-abdominal abscesses due to an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae .
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| Title: Rice ragged stunt oryzavirus genome segments S7 and S10 encode non-structural proteins of M ( r ) 68 , 025 ( Pns7 ) and M ( r ) 32 , 364 ( Pns10 ) .
| | Author: Upadhyaya NM Ramm K Gellatly JA Li Z Kositratana W Waterhouse PM .
| | Journal: Arch . Virol . Citation: V : 142 ( 8 ) P : 1719-26 Year: Type: ARTICLE | | Literature: oryza Field: title Doc ID: pub9672632 Accession (PMID): 9672632 | | Abstract: The nucleotide sequences of genome segments S7 and S10 of a Thai-isolate of rice ragged stunt virus ( RRSV ) were determined .
The 1938 bp S7 sequence contains a single large open reading frame ( ORF ) spanning nucleotides 20 to 1843 that is predicted to encode a protein of M ( r ) 68 , 025 .
The 1 , 162 bp S10 sequence has a major ORF spanning nucleotides 142 to 1 , 032 that is predicted to encode a protein of M ( r ) 32 , 364 .
This S10 ORF is preceded by a small ORF ( nt 20-55 ) which is probably a minicistron .
Coupled in vitro transcription-translation from the two major ORFs gave protein products of the expected sizes .
However , no protein was visualised from S10 when the small ORF sequence was included .
Proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli from the full length ORF of S7 ( P7 ) and from a segment of the S10 ORF ( P10 ) fused to the ORF of glutathione S-transferase ( GST ) .
Neither fusion protein was recognised by polyclonal antibodies raised against RRSV particles .
Furthermore , polyclonal antibodies raised against GST-P7 fusion protein did not recognise any virion structural polypeptides .
These data strongly suggest that the proteins P7 and P10 do not form part of RRSV particle .
This is further supported by observed sequence homology ( though very weak ) of predicted RRSV P7 and P10 with those of rice dwarf virus ( RDV ) non-structural proteins Pns6 and Pns9 , respectively . | Matching Sentences:
[ Sen. 1, subscore: 2.00 ]: Rice ragged stunt oryzavirus genome segments S7 and S10 encode non-structural proteins of M ( r ) 68 , 025 ( Pns7 ) and M ( r ) 32 , 364 ( Pns10 ) .
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